KR100565953B1 - Construction method of rivers using natural stone - Google Patents

Abstract

      In the present invention, when the drip tray is installed with natural stone to reduce the flow rate of the overflow water in the blowhole installed in order to supply the relevant water required for the low water drainage by desalination of a certain amount of water in a river or river with a large river bed coefficient. The present invention relates to a blow beam construction method using natural stones in a river considering the environment of aquatic organisms by stabilizing the support base and allowing water to always remain in the space between the natural stones of the drip tray even in a low water flow period.

      In other words, in the blow beam having the reinforced concrete barrier wall installed across the stream, the ground on the downstream side overflowing the barrier wall is saturated in the water, which has weakened the bearing capacity. Secure a lower wall, install a support wall at an appropriate height, form a gravel layer at an appropriate height on the upper part of the foundation concrete, and dense natural stones on top of it. And constructing the drip tray by pouring concrete so that the natural stone does not escape.

     Downstream of the support wall, an artificial water purifier (water puddle) is created to prevent scouring downstream of the blowhole by the flow rate of the overflow water passing through the drip tray, so that the kinetic energy is dissipated when the overflow water flows into the water purification pond. In this regard, the present invention relates to an eco-friendly process that can serve as a culture center for aquatic or fish stocks during the dry season.

  Blown treasure, natural stone, floor protector, ecological environment, overflowing water, purified water,

Description

  Construction method of rivers using natural stone

    1a and 1b is a cross-sectional configuration diagram schematically showing an example of a blown beam made of conventional reinforced concrete and its problems,

    Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of a conventional blown beam.

    Figure 3 is a cross-sectional configuration diagram showing a blown beam construction state of the river using the natural stone of the embodiment of the present invention.

<Description of Symbols for Major Parts of Drawings>

   10: water barrier 20: foundation concrete layer 21: support wall

   22: drain hole 30: drip tray 31: granulated granules

   32: natural stone 40: floor protector 41: nonwoven fabric

   42: granulated stone 44: filler 45: boolean

    The present invention is the flow rate of the overflow water in the blowholes constructed to supply the irrigation water required for the low-flow water drainage by desalination of a certain amount of water in the river or river using a natural stone, more specifically The present invention relates to a stream reinforcing beam construction method that stabilizes the bearing capacity of the ground when it is constructed with natural stone and makes drainage of the penetrating water easier to maintain the slope of the drip tray.

    In general, in order to prepare for the dry season with low flow rate due to intensive rainfall in summer, most rivers or rivers have various types of blow-holes that act as water barriers. Constructed from this easy reinforced concrete.

     The survey items that should be preceded when constructing blowholes include the investigation of river conditions, completion and dimensions, topography and geological surveys, environmental surveys, construction and construction conditions and management.

In particular, as a prerequisite for water intake in mooring rivers with large riverbed coefficients and sharp hydrologic curves, the first is to ensure stable water intake for rapid flow fluctuations, The water intake should not be caused by floating drops, the third must be firm against flowing stone or timber, the fourth must be easy to maintain, the fifth must not impair the landscape or river environment, the sixth family of fish In mooring rivers, it is necessary to guarantee the environment.

    1A is a cross-sectional configuration diagram showing an example of a blown beam made of reinforced concrete according to the related art. The construction of the water barrier wall 10 using reinforced concrete to be positioned in the width direction of the river R is provided for dropping the water overflowing part. It is formed in the inclined surface 11 so that the resistance is reduced, and the drip tray portion is provided integrally to provide a support force to the water barrier wall while preventing the ground from being scoured due to the overflow water under the inclined surface.

    However, the blowing beam constructed of the reinforced concrete flows over the inclined surface 11 of the water barrier wall 10 through the drip tray 12 to the ground surface of the riverbed and scours by the flow rate. Iii), and as a result, when the downfall occurs at the scour site (D) as shown in FIG. 1B, the scour phenomenon proceeds more deeply than the base of the drip tray 12 to shorten the flow path of the penetrating water, so-called piping. (P) Phenomenon is accelerated and finally a gap is generated between the drip tray and the ground, causing the drip tray to lose its bearing capacity, resulting in gradual failure.

    On the other hand, in order to improve the fragility of the reinforcing beam made of reinforced concrete and to consider the environmentally friendly side, as shown in Figure 2 after the support jaw 13 is constructed to maintain a suitable interval on the downstream side of the water barrier wall 10 therebetween The prior art of the applicant of the present application is a technique in which the nonwoven fabric 14 and the granulated stone 15 are sequentially stacked and a dense natural stone 16 having a uniform size is closely arranged to form the drip tray 12. (Patent 395972) has been proposed.

In other words, the drip tray part of blowholes is formed of natural stones scattered on the side of the river to allow aquatic organisms to live in the spaces between them, and the movement of fish is free, so it is friendly to the ecology and the natural environment. It is to be obtained by the permeation action of the non-woven fabric and granulated stone laminated on the ground of the drip tray to minimize the piping phenomenon.

However, even in the case of the pre-registered invention, there is a problem in that the scour phenomenon caused by the flow rate of the overflowed water cannot be prevented fundamentally, especially when the water overflows the supporting jaw supporting the downstream side of the drip tray, especially the ground of the drip tray. ) Is made of easy-permeable non-woven fabric and granulated stone, so that the water flow rate that flows over the water barrier wall is low or there is no flow rate, so that aquatic organisms cannot grow without water remaining in the space between the opposing natural stones. there was.

    The present invention has been made in view of the problems of the conventional blown as described above, the object of the present invention is to provide a blown timber construction method using a natural stone that can create a stable ecological environment while fundamentally preventing the scour phenomenon of the riverbed.

    The present invention for achieving this object, the water barrier wall is installed in the width direction of the river to install the water required for drainage, and the water wall so that the water flowing through the water wall to the drip tray to remain in the space between the natural stone, drip tray The foundation concrete, which is installed to secure the stability of the ground, is installed in the same way as the slope of the drip tray, and the supporting wall at the lower part of the blown beam is installed at an appropriate height. Then, a gravel layer is formed on the slope of the foundation concrete layer, and the natural stones are densely arranged thereon. Install it,

    In order to prevent the scour caused by the flow rate of the overflow water passing through the drip tray, artificially create a water purification pond (water puddle), and when the inflow water flows into the purified water, the surface of the flow means is enlarged to reduce the flow rate. To prevent.

    Hereinafter, described with reference to the accompanying drawings the construction method of the blown beam of the river using the natural stone of the present invention.

     Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the construction of the blown-beam construction of the river according to the embodiment of the present invention.

     A water barrier wall (10) which allows fresh water to flow across the river is installed by examining the safety of the structure, and the ground of the water reservoir downstream of the water barrier wall (10) ensures unstable support force due to the saturation of the water. To form the base concrete layer 20 which is gently inclined to the downstream side so that water remains in the space between the natural stones of the drip tray, and supports the drip tray 30 which is installed on the top of the base concrete layer 20 at the inclined end point The support wall 21 which prevents loss is constructed at the appropriate height.

     At this time, in the ground on which the foundation concrete layer 20 is installed, a wired network is formed while water pressure is applied due to the height difference from the water barrier wall 10, and water is generated to prevent the piping from being drained to prevent piping. If a hole is installed, it is effective for reducing the positive pressure, but installing a water hole may cause piping. Therefore, if a nonwoven fabric and a drain board are installed sequentially, and a drain hole 22 is installed, it is effective to prevent the smooth drainage and drainage of soil. to be.

     In the upper part of the inclined surface of the foundation concrete layer 20, the granulated gravel layer 31 is formed to an appropriate thickness, and the opposing natural stone 32 is densely arranged thereon, but in the relatively large space between the natural stones, the granulated gravel and the natural stone In order to enter the natural stone so as not to be lost in the flow of water (流 水力) is poured into the concrete to complete the drip tray part 30, the blown beam constructed by the method of the present invention flows through the water wall to the drip tray made of natural stone Is about 51% slower than the flow rate of conventional reinforced concrete beams (see Kutter's roughness coefficient. Concrete surface = 0.015, smooth and even rock = 0.033) and the surface of the drip tray is installed with durable natural stone Excellent for impact, crushing and abrasion caused by high-speed stones or thermal power.

     The present invention is characterized by an ecological and environmentally friendly process, but when the water flows over the entire surface of the blowhole during the low water flow rate of the river, the water depth is low when the fish cannot be freely moved to meet the installation standards. (符合) If the wall and drip tray is installed in an oval shape so that the depth of the overflow is lower than 30cm, the fish will be naturally made due to the characteristics of the blown beam.

     The floor protector installed to prevent scour of the blow beam is constructed by the floor protector 40, which is made of purified water P, in which an appropriate amount of water remains so that the kinetic energy is extinguished when the water passing through the drip tray flows in. The floor protection hole 40 is a non-woven fabric 41 and the assembled stone 42 to be sequentially stacked so that the earth and sand is prevented from being sucked out by the flow rate and then opposed to the natural stone 43 at the top Is arranged in a densely arranged arrangement.

     The downstream flow of the river is divided into four areas according to the conditions of the downstream water level. The characteristics of each area are summarized as follows.

    First, the cross-flow area: the hydraulic area where flow flows downstream and high-speed flow occurs and local scour occurs most.

    Second, perfect frequency zone: The hydraulic zone where the energy of the flow rate is lost and the most ideal tax cut occurs.

    Third, incomplete water area: the area where the maximum flow rate appears in the bottom layer flow. In this case, the periphery is required when the bottom protection hole 40 is selected.

    Fourth, locked flow area: maximum flow velocity in water surface and lowest scour risk.

     For example, in a conventional reinforced concrete blower installed in a river, it is possible to find a so-called naturally formed purified water that is deeply scoured and accumulated in the downstream side, and such a purified water will be damaged if the scour proceeds due to overflowing water during flooding. However, it can be seen that it is possible to maintain the status quo without being damaged. This cause was caused by the naturally occurring purified water that acts as a water cushion that reduces the flow rate of overflowing water and does not cause the most water-flowing scour. From the bottom protection hole 40 having the purified water of the present invention overflows the water barrier wall 10 to the kinetic energy of the water passing through the drip tray 30 collides with the hydrostatic pressure of the purified water to reduce the flow rate due to the disappearance of energy It is to divert the flow to the original flow of the river.

    If the flow rate is fast and the water depth is small, that is, the sand stream collides with the slow water stream, the water level rises rapidly, and the transient phenomenon occurs when the water flow changes from upstream to the upstream. The difference between the water surface before and after the frequency is the difference in the corresponding water level, and the difference in the momentum of the flow rate Q is the difference in the hydrostatic pressure. Deepening by the difference of the corresponding water level enlarges the cross-section of the flowing water, effectively reducing the flow rate of the overflow water (reduction effect flow rate (v) = 1 / depth of the reservoir (h)) and converting it into the original flow of the river. There is an advantage that can improve the durability of the floor protector because the large cross-flow area does not occur.

     The distance from the complete frequency range to the eddy generated on the surface of the water is the distance of the frequency changing from upstream to upstream, and this distance is the installation length of the floor protection hole 40. There is an equation, but in practice we use the formula L = (4.5-5) h2, where h2 is the upstream depth.

     S section of the upstream side of the bottom protection hole is gentle so as to induce the falling water vein in the horizontal direction at the end of the downstream slope so that the water flow flowing into the water reservoir of the bottom protection hole from the drip tray of the blower is not separated. Install in one gradient.

     In addition, when the overflow water having a very large kinetic energy is introduced into the floor protector accompanied by sand or stone, the surface of the floor protector 40 is made of natural stone with high durability, so that it can be stably absorbed in impact, As the size of natural stone is small and buoyancy occurs when water flows directly into the voids, it is poured into concrete so that the currents cannot directly penetrate through the voids. The formula required for its design should be:

     W> F = 3.77AU2 / (2g)

 Where W: weight per one natural stone (tf)

           F: running power (tf)

           A: Area where flowing water collides with natural stone (㎡)

           U: Flow velocity when water flows into natural stone (m / s)

           g: acceleration of gravity (m / s2)

     The blown beam construction method of the river using the natural stone of the present invention has the durability to withstand the impact and abrasion caused by the falling force by building most of the constituent materials using aggregates scattered in the river, the surface of the drip tray By using natural stone, the flow rate is reduced and the free movement of aquatic ecosystems and fish stocks between rivers and rivers is installed without installing the estuary. Therefore, the water flows on the surface of the drip tray without aggravating the natural environment. It can increase the dissolved oxygen of river water.

     In addition, the water purification equipment provided in the floor protector has a damping effect of converting the rapid flow rate flowing from the drip tray into the original flow by using energy dissipation when it collides with the hydrostatic pressure. It is able to inhabit aquatic and fish stocks, so the ecological environment is maintained and it is friendly to nature.

Claims (3)

In the blown beam having a built-up wall 10 of reinforced concrete positioned in the direction of the river to secure water in the dry season, Forming a base concrete layer 20 that is gently inclined downstream to prevent the instability of ground support weakening on the downstream lower side of the water barrier wall; and the inclined lower end of the base concrete layer 20 The support wall 21 to prevent the loss while supporting the drip tray 30 to be filled in the upper portion to the appropriate height, and the granulated gravel layer 31 on the inclined surface of the foundation concrete layer 20 of the appropriate thickness After the formation of the confrontation of the opposite natural stone 32 is arranged densely, but in the relatively large voids between the natural stone pouring concrete filling material (C) to prevent the loss of coarse gravel and natural stone to complete the drip tray 30 And an opposing natural stone 43 having a purified water P in which an appropriate amount of water remains so that kinetic energy is lost when water passing through the drip tray 30 enters and collides on the downstream side of the support wall 21. Formed floor Chwiipbo construction method of the stream with a natural stone, characterized in the step of the construction hogong 40. The ground concrete layer 20 of claim 1, wherein the ground concrete layer 20 penetrates the foundation concrete layer 20 to prevent the fragility of the ground due to the wired network formed by applying water pressure due to the height difference with the water barrier wall 10. Blowing beam construction method using a natural stone, characterized in that the leachate discharge hole 22 with a filter is installed in a number of places. The method of claim 1, wherein the bottom protection hole 40 is a non-woven fabric 41 and the granulated stone 42 to be sequentially stacked to prevent the soil outflow due to the flow rate from the ground surface of the lower bed and then the opposite natural stone ( 43) densely arranged to form a barrier 45 on the downstream side, and the gap formed between the opposing natural stone 43 is filled with a concrete filling material 44 of the river using a natural stone, characterized in that Blowing beam construction method.

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