KR100561952B1 - Slight-shock blasting composition - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention, unlike the general explosives having detonation characteristics in the blasting site using the gunpowder, low noise or micro-vibration control, by the action of the expansion gas by the rapid combustion in the closed blasting hole, crushing concrete or rock The present invention relates to a micro-pulverizing crushing agent and a composition, wherein the composition has an active oxygen (oxygen amount / molecular weight) of 0.25 to 0.50, a heat of oxidation reaction of 130 to 400 kcal / mol as a reducing agent, and no more than 2 as a gas generating agent. Nitro compound having a nitro group, mixed composition containing graphite or fine dark powder as an additive using a binder of synthetic resin or natural resin, mixed and kneaded in a slurry state, then assembled into particles of a certain size, waterproof, moisture-proof plastic As a crushing agent and composition filled in the container of the material, improve the chemical stability to increase long-term storage Explosion noise during crushing is reduced and crushing power is increased.

Description

Microvibration crushing agent composition {SLIGHT-SHOCK BLASTING COMPOSITION}

The present invention relates to a microscopic pulverizing agent and a composition thereof, and more particularly, to a microscopic pulverizing agent and a composition for crushing concrete or rock by the action of the expansion gas by rapid combustion in a closed blast hole.

Existing blasting method using explosives has a high explosion noise and scattering of debris, which is limited to blasting in the city center or the vicinity of license. Where such restrictions are followed, mechanical crushing can be done using a breaker, etc., such mechanical crushing has a problem that noise continues, and there is a problem that the cost is expensive.

In order to solve this problem, a micro vibration crushing method and a crushing agent have been studied. In Korean Patent Application No. 10-1989-0019249, a method of inserting a fluid tube made of polyethylene in the lower part of an explosive capsule, which is charged into a rock while using explosive, has been proposed to cause fracture by the fluid pressure during explosive explosion. However, this method has a problem in use because the volume of crushable rock is extremely limited, and also in the Republic of Korea Patent Nos. 10-249346, 10-239671, 10-283089, etc. While trying to achieve crushing, but still using gunpowder, the problem caused by the explosive power of the gunpowder could not be completely solved.

 Meanwhile, there has also been the development of microscopic pulverizers for microscopic crushing. Looking at the crushing process, ignition occurs in a state in which the crushing agent is filled in the blast hole and colored (magnetized) to maintain the sealed state. Rapid combustion of the crushing agent proceeds by ignition, and cracking occurs in the crushing agent such as a rock by the expansion of the hot combustion gas generated at this time. These combustion reactions vary depending on the composition of the mixture, but are in the range of about 10-50 ms, which is very slow compared to general explosives in terms of reaction rate. In addition, the hot gas of the metal component in the mixture is released to the outside through the crack and rapidly cooled to room temperature by the adiabatic expansion so as to be solidified so that no scattering of fragments or excessive explosion sound occurs.

However, these conventional non-vibrating shredders rely only on high calorific heat, so that rapid combustion propagates only between the surfaces of the shredder mixture, and only blows the peg due to rapid combustion of gunpowder in the blast hole. There is no shredding effect or extremely weak phenomenon). In addition, only the surface of the crushing agent is rapidly burned, and as a result, a secondary combustion phenomenon in which the residual medicine in the blast hole is ignited by the ambient temperature, and there is a problem in that the blasting accident occurs. In addition, long-term storage of the crushing agent has a problem that the performance is significantly reduced.

According to the present invention, the crushing agent is completely thermodynamically burned, and the gas generator is added to remove the co-occurrence and the secondary combustion phenomena, and the effective crushing of the concrete structure and the hard rock by the increased gas expansion force in the blast hole is achieved. It is to provide possible microscopic and low noise shredding agents and compositions.

The present invention relates to a micro-pulverizing crushing agent composition comprising an oxidizing agent having an active oxygen of 0.20 to 0.50, a metal reducing agent having a heat of oxidation reaction of 130 to 400 kcal / mol, a gas generator which is a nitro compound having two or less nitro groups, and a homogenizing agent. To provide.

In the micro-pulverizing crushing agent composition of the present invention, the oxidizing agent preferably has an active oxygen in the range of 0.25-0.50 to supply sufficient oxygen to the composition. The oxidizing agent having an active oxygen of 0.25-0.5 is KNO ₃ , KClO ₄ , KClO ₃ , Ba (NO ₃ ) ₂ , MnO ₂ , NaBrO ₃ , Fe ₂ O ₃ , KBrO ₃ , CuO, BaO ₂ , PbO ₂ , Pb ₃ It is preferable to use O ₄ or the like. The active oxygen of each oxidant is shown in Table 1 below.

The micro-pulverizing crushing agent composition includes a metal reducing agent, the metal reducing agent included should be easy to ignite, the amount of heat during combustion should be accelerated the entire combustion reaction. For this purpose, the metal reducing agent preferably has a high heat of oxidation, and particularly preferably has a heat of oxidation of 130 to 400 kcal / mol. Metal reducing agents having such heat of oxidation include Al, Mg-Al, B, Zr, Ti, Si, Mg, and the like. The heat of oxidation of each metal reducing agent is shown in Table 2.

The non-vibrating crushing agent composition includes a gas generating agent, and the gas generating agent preferably uses non-explosives to generate a large amount of gas so as to increase the crushing effect of the concrete structure or rock to be crushed. . Among the non-explosive gas generators, nitro compounds having a relatively low decomposition temperature and two or less nitro groups (-NO2) are preferable (nitro compounds having three or more nitro groups are classified as explosives and exhibit rapid explosiveness). Examples of the compound having two or less nitro groups include 2, 4-DNT (dinitrotoluene, C ₇ H ₆ N ₂ O ₄ ), dinitronaphthalene (C ₁₀ H ₆ N ₂ O ₄ ), and dinitrobenzene (C ₆ H ₄ N ₂ O ₄ ) and the like can be selected from one or more groups.

The microvibratory crushing agent composition comprises a homogenizing agent, wherein the homogenizing agent included makes the burning rate and specific gravity of the dry mixture uniform. It is preferable to use graphite or fine dark powder for such a homogenizing agent.

The micro-pulverizing crushing agent composition includes an oxidizing agent, a metal reducing agent, a gas generating agent and a homogenizing agent as described above, wherein the composition of the composition is determined in consideration of the combustion rate, gas generation amount, ballistic ball and concrete crushing force of the composition. Preferably, the oxidizing agent 40-75% by weight, the metal reducing agent 0.5-30% by weight, the gas generating agent 5-25% by weight, the homogenizing agent preferably comprises 10-33% by weight.

The micro-pulverizing crushing agent composition having the combustion characteristics, when assuming thermodynamic reaction characteristics and ideal combustion, it is possible to calculate the heat of combustion as shown in Table 3 below.

As shown in Table 3, each reaction equation was estimated under the assumption that the ideal reaction, and based on this stoichiometric chemistry to determine the mixture composition, when the mixture composition is the same, the mixture composition is the most ideal It can be said that it is the composition which can burn.

   Each mixed component of Table 3 is composed of an oxidizing agent and a reducing agent, a case in which the active oxygen of the oxidizing agent is different, a heat of oxidation reaction of the reducing agent is different, an additive including a gas generating agent in addition to the oxidizing agent and the reducing agent, and the like. To compare the characteristics of each combustion.

The non-vibrating crushing agent composition including the oxidizing agent, the metal reducing agent, the gas generating agent and the homogenizing agent may be granulated using a binder. The binder is preferably granulated using 0.5-5% by weight of the microvibration crusher composition. The size of the granulated particles is preferably granulated with a diameter of 0.5-3 mm. It is preferable that the binder and the micro-pulverizing crushing agent composition are mixed so that the mixed product is uniform, and a conventional admixture may be used in the field to which the present invention belongs, but there is no limitation. As the binder to be used in the granulated fine vibration crushing agent composition, styrene butadiene rubber, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, or the like is preferably used, and styrene butadiene rubber is most preferably used.

The granulated microscopic pulverizer composition as described above is preferably used as a microscopic pulverizer by filling in a plastic container for waterproof and moisture proof. Preferably, the plastic container is made of polyethylene, and the container is most preferably used in the form of a lid and a body to which an ignition port is coupled.

EXAMPLE

Example 1

Performance Test of Microvibration Shredding Agent Composition

3% by weight of 3% by weight of styrenebutadiene rubber binder was mixed with the crushing agent composition to each of the compositions having the composition shown in Table 4 (total 100), and mixed with a mixer for 20 minutes. Combustion rate, gas generation amount, ballistic ball entrapment force and concrete crushing force were measured using the mixed and granulated particle composition.

Note 1) How to measure the burn rate: See the figure below.

Figure 1

Note 2) Gas generation measurement method:

Test equipment: Connect a rubber hose to a tank of volume 150ℓ in a U-shape, fill the water level of both rubber hoses equally, and then measure the pressure change inside the tank by the difference in the level of rubber hoses after the test. Using the principle of manometer, the gas generation amount is measured (sample amount: 30 g).

Gas generation amount = 150 ℓ × (1 atm + water level difference × 2/1033 ㎜H₂O)-150 ℓ ● Sample processing: When the confinemet is not good due to the slow combustion rate due to the characteristics of the sample, Because it is not scattered and not completely burned, the sample is sealed to ensure complete combustion as shown in the figure.

Figure 2

Note 3) Method for measuring ballistic ball force: Measured according to KS M 4802 3.4.1 with reference drug as TNT 10g and sample as 20g.

Note 4) Concrete crushing power: crushed concrete (horizontal, vertically about 10cm) when a hole with a depth of Φ 30mm and a depth of 40cm is drilled in the center of non-reinforced concrete with width, length, and height of 1m and loaded with 30g of sample. Ideal size) measures the number of pieces, the flying distance of fragments, etc.

In the test results of Table 4, Sample No. 1 and No. 2 indicate that there was almost no crushing force when the active oxygen of the oxidizing agent or the heat of oxidation of the reducing agent was extremely low, and the samples NO. In case of mixing only good oxidizing agent and reducing agent with high heat of oxidation reaction, due to the rapid combustion speed, iron phenomena occurred at the same time with high noise, and the gas generation amount was small, so that the crushing effect was insufficient, and samples NO.5 and 6 were gas It contains a combustion additive including a generating agent, but by applying an oxidizing agent having low active oxygen, the decomposition reaction is extremely gentle because the proper amount of oxygen necessary for the mixture is not supplied. The oxidizing agent, the reducing agent, and the combustion stabilizer were good, but the gas generating agent was not added, so that the crushing power was somewhat weak. Generator (not more than two nitro groups are nitro compounds) showed that, relative crushing power increased significantly more by the addition of a sample NO.7~9.

Example 2

Comparison of Stability of Microwave Crusher Compositions

For each composition consisting of the composition (total 100) described in Table 5 below, the ignition point, the fall sensitivity, and the frictional sensitivity were measured to determine stability for each composition.

Note) The firing point is a constant temperature heating type, the fall sensitivity is conducted in accordance with KSM 4802 Clause 3.2.1, and the frictional sensitivity is conducted in accordance with KSM 4802 Clause 3.2.3.

As a result of the sensitivity test for evaluating the safety of each sample as shown in Table 5, the flame sensitivity and the impact sensitivity of all the samples were measured as insensitive values, indicating that the safety of handling and use was ensured.

Example 3

Application test of micro vibration crushing agent composition

To each composition consisting of the composition (total 100) shown in Table 6 below, 3% by weight of 3% by weight of styrene-butadiene rubber binder was mixed with the crushing agent composition, and mixed with a mixer for 20 minutes. Using the mixed and granulated particle composition, it was confirmed whether iron outbreak, blasting vibration, blasting noise, and residual drug for various rocks.

Samples were prepared by applying the composition shown in Table 3 for each type of oxidizing agent in Table 6, and the application test was carried out at the blasting site. As a result, the blasting noise, the vibration value, and the blasting noise were excluded in the case of Sample A. All were confirmed to be good.

The micro-vibration crusher composition provided according to the present invention has increased chemical stability, significantly reduced explosion noise and vibration during crushing, and at the same time has the power to crush hard rock including concrete, thereby regulating vibration and noise. It can be used in blasting places.                     

In addition, such micro-pulverizing crushing agent compositions exhibit high stability in its handling and use.

Claims (3)

In the microscopic pulverizer composition for concrete or rock crushing, The composition comprises an oxidizing agent having an active oxygen of 0.20 to 0.50, a metal reducing agent having a heat of oxidation reaction of 130 to 400 kcal / mol, a gas generator composed of a nitro compound having two or less nitro groups, and a homogenizing agent. The nitro compound is 5 to 25% by weight of the micro-pulverizing crushing agent composition in the composition. The micro vibration crusher composition according to claim 1, wherein the nitro compound is selected from the group consisting of dinitrotoluene, dinitronaphthalene, and dinitrobenzene. The micro vibration crusher composition according to claim 1, comprising 0.5 to 5% by weight of a binder selected from the group consisting of styrene butadiene rubber, polyvinyl alcohol, and carboxymethyl cellulose for granulation.