KR100552392B1 - Drum brakes with interconnected multi-degrees-of-freedom shoes - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a drum brake and a variant for automobiles having a shoe mechanism assembly having at least one set of interconnected shoe mechanisms and an automatic adjustment mechanism of the brake clearance. The interconnected shoe mechanism consists of two complex shoes connected in multiple degrees of freedom. Each compound shoe consists of a shoe and a driving lever. The shoe is joined to the drive lever by a cylindrical, elliptical pin that fits into a cylindrical hole, spherical seam, and the drive lever is placed on the base plate shaft of the brake by a cylindrical, elliptical pin that fits into a cylindrical hole, spherical seam. The automatic clearance adjusting mechanism is fixed on the base plate and in contact with the drive lever. When brakes are applied, the automatic clearance adjustment mechanism operates to maintain the required clearance between the drum and the lining when the drive lever drives the shoe out of the drum, causing the lining to wear out. These drum brakes and deformations provide excellent braking effectiveness and stability due to uniform pressure distribution on the friction surface between the drum and the inner surface, improved solvent resistance due to reduced braking force due to improved temperature or humidity, extended service life of the shoe, It provides high shoe elements as well as a uniform and stable clearance between and inside. They solve the existing problems in drum brakes and provide better characteristics.

Shoe-drum brake, spacer, braking effect, brake gap

Description

DRUM BRAKES WITH INTERCONNECTED MULTI-DEGREES-OF-FREEDOM SHOES}

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to brake technology, and more particularly to a brake used in a vehicle, a traveling machine, a power machine, and the like.

The realization of the overall design performance of the vehicle and the traction brake system often depends on the technical performance of each wheel brake, so the design often requires high technical demands on the brake. However, the actual working performance of friction brakes commonly employed in vehicles today is one of the most complex and unstable elements of the overall braking system. Brakes commonly used in current vehicles are divided into shoe-drum brakes and jaw-disk brakes. A distinct advantage of shoe drum brakes, which have a relatively long development history, is the very high shoe factor (generally 2-7) and also the various types of floating performance (color subshoe). The choice of collar sub-shoe type, double collar shoe type and double self energizing break allows for a wide range of adaptability to the different types of vehicle braking performance requirements. Thus, to date, it still holds the leading position among several types of vehicle brakes, with the exception of some passenger cars.

The major drawbacks of conventional shoe drum brakes are the relatively poor stability of their braking performance, and the higher the shoe factor, the more sensitive the brakes to thermal damage and the less uniform the pressure distribution of the friction surface. In addition, the braking force of the left and right wheels varies considerably because the braking moment of the brake causes a relatively large change in the local contact state of the friction surface.

On the other hand, the jaw-disc brake has the advantages of stable braking efficiency, good heat dissipation, insensitive to heat damage of the friction material, relatively uniform pressure distribution on the friction surface, simple structure and easy maintenance. Have However, the deficiencies of the jaw-disc brakes are very low (only 0.7) and require very high forces, resulting in high operating pressure strength and temperature of the friction part, and the brake plates are easily contaminated and corroded. When used as a brake of the parking brake mechanism is difficult to install.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the existing braking technology and to propose a new type of shoe-drum brake design, thereby fully exhibiting the advantages of the high shoe factor of the existing shoe-drum brake, and at the same time, the pressure distribution of the friction surface. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device that is uniform, has a stable braking effect and can automatically adjust the brake interval.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, this invention is demonstrated in detail.

The present invention provides a drum brake having at least a brake spacing device, a brake base plate and a brake drum, and further an interconnected multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe.

Each of the multi-degree of freedom interlock device is composed of two multi-degree of freedom combination shoes, and the brake shoes of the two multi-degree of freedom combination shoes are connected to each other through the brake shoe interlock.

Each of the multiple degrees of freedom combination shoe includes a drive arm, a brake shoe, a joint pin and a support pin, and the brake shoes of each of the multiple degrees of freedom combination shoe are connected to the drive arm using the connection pin, and the multiple degrees of freedom The drive arm of the combination shoe is mounted to the brake base plate using a support pin.

The brake adjusting device is installed on the brake base plate and interlocked with the multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe device. The brake shoe is provided outside the multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe device to form a friction surface.

Each of the multiple degrees of freedom interlocking shoe device has three degrees of freedom, and each of the multiple degrees of freedom combination shoe has two degrees of freedom, and the two degrees of freedom combination shoe constitutes one of three degrees of freedom. And other degrees of freedom are bound.

Each brake shoe and its drive arm are connected with columnar pins, and each drive arm is supported with columnar pins. The drive arms of the two two degree of freedom combination shoes are arranged in parallel to each other, the two support pins are located at one end of each drive arm at a distance from each other, and the other end of each drive arm is Located at the same position as the support pin, the drive arms of the two two degree of freedom combination shoes do not interlock.

Each of the multiple degrees of freedom interlocking shoe device has two degrees of freedom, and each of the plurality of degrees of freedom combination shoe has two degrees of freedom, and the two degrees of freedom combination shoe has two degrees of freedom one interlocking shoe device. And other degrees of freedom are bound. Each brake shoe and its drive arm are connected with columnar pins, and each drive arm is supported with columnar pins. The drive arms of the two two degree of freedom combination shoes are arranged in parallel to each other and the two support pins are located at one end of the drive arm at a distance from each other, and the other end of each drive arm is connected to the support pins of the other drive arm. It is arranged to be located at the same place, the drive arm of the two three degree of freedom combination shoe is interlocked by using the interlock between the drive arm.

Each of the multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe device has four degrees of freedom and includes one side inclination degree of freedom. That is, each of the four degrees of freedom interlocking shoe device has a degree of freedom to rotate about a drive arm support pin at a predetermined angle. Each of the four degrees of freedom combination shoes has four degrees of freedom, and two four degrees of freedom combination shoes constitute one four degree of freedom interlocking shoe device and the other degrees of freedom are constrained. Each brake shoe and its drive arm are connected with columnar pins, and each drive arm is supported by a ball joint. The drive arms of the two four degree of freedom combination shoes are arranged in parallel to each other and the two support pins are located at one end of the drive arm at a distance from each other, and the other end of each drive arm is connected to the support pins of the other drive arm. Located in the same place There is no linkage between the drive arms of the two four degree of freedom combination shoes.

Each multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe device has three degrees of freedom and includes one side inclination degree of freedom. That is, each three degree of freedom interlocking shoe device has a degree of freedom capable of rotating at a predetermined angle about the support pins of the two drive arms. Each of the multiple degree of freedom combination shoes has four degrees of freedom, and two four degree of freedom combination shoes constitute one three degree of freedom linkage shoe device, and other degrees of freedom are constrained. Each brake shoe and its drive arm are connected by columnar pins, and each drive arm is supported by a ball joint. The drive arms of the two four degree of freedom combination shoes are arranged in parallel to each other and the two support pins are positioned at one end of each drive arm at a distance from each other and the other end of each drive arm is the support pin of the other drive arm. Located in the same place as The two four degree of freedom combination shoe drive arms interlock with each other using an interlock of the drive arms.

Each of the multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe device has four degrees of freedom and includes one side inclination degree of freedom. In other words, each of the four degree of freedom interlocking shoe devices has a degree of freedom to rotate at a predetermined angle about the connecting pins of the two brake shoes. Each of the four degrees of freedom combination shoes has four degrees of freedom, and two four degrees of freedom combination shoes constitute one four degree of freedom interlocking shoe device and the other degrees of freedom are constrained. Each brake shoe and its drive arm are connected by a ball joint, and each drive arm is supported by a columnar pin. The drive arms of the two four degree of freedom combination shoes are arranged in parallel to each other and the two support pins are located at one end of each drive arm at a distance from each other, and the other end of each drive arm is connected to the other drive arm. Located at the same position as the support pin, there is no interlock between two four degree of freedom combination shoes.

Each multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe device has three degrees of freedom, and includes one side inclination degree of freedom. That is, each of the three degrees of freedom interlocking shoe device has a degree of freedom that can rotate at a predetermined angle about the two brake shoe connecting pins. Each of the multi-degree of freedom combination shoes has four degrees of freedom, and two four degree of freedom combination shoes constitute one three degree of freedom interlocking shoe device, and other degrees of freedom are constrained. Each brake shoe and its drive arm are connected by a ball joint, and the support pin of each drive arm supports the drive arm. The drive arms of the two four degree of freedom combination shoes are arranged in parallel to each other and the two support pins are located at one end of each drive arm at a distance from each other, and the other end of the drive arm is the support pin of the other drive arm. The drive arms of the two four degree of freedom combination shoe are interlocked with each other using a drive arm linkage.

Each multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe device has four degrees of freedom, and includes one side inclination degree of freedom. That is, each of the four degrees of freedom interlocking shoe device has a degree of freedom capable of rotating at a predetermined angle about the two drive arm support pins. Each of the multiple degree of freedom combination shoes has three degrees of freedom, and two three degree of freedom combination shoes constitute one four degree of freedom interlocking shoe device and the other degrees of freedom are constrained. Each brake shoe and its drive arm are connected by columnar pins, and each drive arm is connected by an ellipsoidal pin. The drive arms of the two three degree of freedom combination shoes are arranged in parallel to each other and the two support pins are located at one end of each drive arm at a distance from each other, and the other end of each drive arm supports the other drive arm. Located at the same position as the pin, the drive arms of the two three degree of freedom combination shoes do not interlock with each other.

Each multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe device has three degrees of freedom, and includes one side inclination degree of freedom. In other words, each of the three degree of freedom interlocking shoe devices has a degree of freedom to rotate about a support pin of the two drive arms at a predetermined angle. Each of the multiple degree of freedom combination shoes has three degrees of freedom, and two three degree of freedom combination shoes constitute one three degree of freedom interlocking shoe device, and other degrees of freedom are constrained. Each brake shoe and its drive arm are connected with columnar pins, and each drive arm is supported by an ellipsoidal pin. The drive arms of the two three degree of freedom combination shoes are arranged in parallel to each other and the two support pins are located at one end of each drive arm at a distance from each other and the other end of the drive arm supports the other drive arm. Located at the same position as the pin, between the drive arms of the two three degree of freedom combination shoe is interlocked with each other using a drive arm linkage.

Each multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe device has four degrees of freedom, and includes one side inclination degree of freedom. That is, each of the four degrees of freedom interlocking shoe device has a degree of freedom to rotate at a predetermined angle about the two brake shoe connecting pins. Each of the multiple degree of freedom combination shoes has three degrees of freedom, and two three degree of freedom combination shoes constitute one four degree of freedom interlocking shoe device and the other degrees of freedom are constrained. Each brake shoe and its drive arm are connected with elliptical pins, and each drive arm is supported with columnar pins. The drive arms of the two three degree of freedom combination shoes are arranged in parallel to each other and the two support pins are located at one end of each drive arm at a distance from each other and the other end of each drive arm supports the other drive arm. Located between the pin and the drive arm of the two three degree of freedom combination shoe does not interlock with each other using the drive arm linkage.

Each multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe device has three degrees of freedom, and includes one side inclination degree of freedom. That is, each of the three degrees of freedom interlocking shoe device has a degree of freedom to rotate at a predetermined angle about the two brake shoe connecting pins. Each of the multi-degree of freedom combination shoes has three degrees of freedom, and two three degree of freedom combination shoes constitute one three degree of freedom interlocking shoe device, and other degrees of freedom are constrained. Each brake shoe and its drive arm are connected with elliptical pins, and each drive arm is supported with columnar pins. The drive arms of the two three degree of freedom combination shoes are arranged in parallel to each other and the two support pins are positioned at one end of each drive arm at a distance from each other and the other end of the drive arm is connected to the support pins of the other drive arm. It is located in the same place and between the drive arms of the two three degree of freedom combination shoe does not interlock with each other using the drive arm linkage.

The drive arm linkage device is composed of a linkage pin connected to one drive arm and a slider located at an elongated hole on the other drive arm, and the slider connects to the drive pin of the drive arm using the upper hole thereof, and the long hole. Can slide relatively in.

The driving arm of each multi-degree of freedom combination shoe of each of the multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe devices has two branch arms, and forms a space for accommodating other accessories therebetween. On each drive arm there are at least some engagement holes, anti-movement interference holes and position limiting pin receiving holes. The two drive arms are in an interconnected arrangement, the two branch arms of one drive arm receive the other one drive arm, and the interior of the two branch arms of the accommodated drive arm receive the abdomen of the brake shoe. .

One of the brake shoes of the two multi-degree of freedom combined shoes of each of the multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe devices is a single double type brake shoe, and the other is a double double type brake shoe. The doubles of the two brake shoes overlap each other, and the doubles of the single double brake shoes are located between the two doubles of the other brake shoe. A brake shoe linkage device is provided at the overlapping portion of the double plate.

The brake shoe linkage of each multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe device is composed of a linkage pin passing through a double hole in the double overlapping portion and a slider of a long hole in the single overlapping portion of the double overlapping portion. The upper hole can be used to connect with the interlocking pins and can also slide relatively in the long hole.

The brake spacing device is mainly composed of a friction disk, a friction disk shaft, a friction disk suppressor (pressing) spring, a nut, a pad and a positioning pin, the friction disk is in contact with the brake base plate, and the positioning disk is a friction disk shaft. Is offset by a certain distance and is fixedly connected to the friction disk. The friction disc axis passes through the friction disc center hole and abuts the brake base plate. The friction disk suppression spring is applied to the friction disk shaft to generate a predetermined pressure between the friction disk and the brake base plate. One end of the position limiting pin is received by a position limiting hole on the branch arm on the side near the brake base plate of the drive arm, and the position limiting pin is at a predetermined distance from the inner wall of the position limiting pin receiving hole.

Looking at the operation of the brake of the present invention as follows.

The force acting on one end of the drive arm causes the drive arm to rotate about its support pin, which is then used to engage the brake shoe with the drive pin, leading the brake shoe to press against the brake drum and to the friction disk on the brake shoe. Causes the brake drum to contact and generate radial pressure. The multi-degree of freedom combination shoe is supported on a brake base plate which is fixed so as not to rotate so that the frictional force between the brake shoe friction disk and the brake drum when the wheel is turned forms a moment about the joint pin with respect to the brake shoe. The braking efficiency is high and stable by one multi-degree of freedom combination shoe, and it is very difficult for the friction disk to have a uniform pressure distribution with a maximum pressure strength smaller than the allowable value. For this reason, two sets of multi-degree of freedom combination shoes are normally operated in combination, and the brake shoes are interlocked to prevent movement interference. Each brake shoe is in contact with one drive arm and is also located in a position close to the drive arm support pin. The brake shoe and drive arm connection pins and drive arm support pins can be connected with a circumferential pin, a ball joint, or an ellipsoidal pin, and the two drive arms of each multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe may or may not interlock. An interlocking shoe device having three degrees of freedom, three degrees of freedom, or four degrees of freedom can be constructed. This type of structure effectively increases the braking effectiveness of the brakes and the prevention of thermal damage, and also avoids the brake shoes from adversely flipping around their joint pins, ensuring uniform contact between each brake shoe and brake drum and pressure distribution on the friction disk. The uniformity of is greatly improved.

On the other hand, the gap between the brake shoe and the brake drum is automatically limited by introducing a new type of spacing device that takes full advantage of the feature that the brake shoe can encircle the connecting pins on the drive arm and rotate within the permissible range of motion. The realization of the control has the advantage of not manually adjusting the brake gap by means of an offset pin or the like as in a conventional shoe drum brake.

In summary, the brake of the present invention introduces a multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe device and a brake automatic spacing device so that this type of brake has a very excellent identity.

(1) The braking efficacy and stability of the brake of the present invention are significantly increased. A brake with a multi-DOF interlocking shoe device is similar to the shoe factor of a conventional two-way self-lifting type brake (ie, the highest shoe factor of a traditional brake) in the case of a normal coefficient of friction (eg 0.4). . Even when thermal damage occurs (the friction coefficient falls to 0.2), the shoe factor is still very high, similar to the shoe factor in the normal friction coefficient situation of conventional color shoe type brakes, which significantly increases the prevention of thermal damage.

(2) The service life of the brake of the present invention is significantly extended. Through reasonable design, the pressure distribution on each brake shoe friction disk of the brake of the present invention is relatively uniform within all possible actual coefficients of friction, and the maximum pressure on each brake shoe friction disk is almost equal, resulting in the same life of the brake shoe. It fully plays the role of each brake shoe and also makes full use of the friction disk material of each brake shoe.

In addition, the brake structure of the present invention is advantageous in increasing the total contact angle of the friction disk, which can lower the operating pressure of the friction surface. These are all very advantageous for extending the service life of the brakes.

(3) The brake of the present invention is equipped with a new brake spacing device to further improve the automatic adjustment of the brake spacing to ensure the stability of braking performance and greatly improve the ease of use.

(4) The multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe device is advantageous for the simple introduction of more braking control system circuits, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the vehicle.

(5) The multi-degree of freedom combination shoe of the brake of the present invention has the ability to adapt itself to the form of contact with the brake drum. It is possible to ensure a sufficient and effective contact between the brake shoe friction disk and the brake drum during the use of the brake, and the mechanical load and the temperature load are formed by the fact that the friction surface does not come into contact with a small local area. Structural deformation of the brake accessory, fabrication, assembly and wear of the brake accessory greatly reduce the effect on the size and location of the friction surface contact zones and pressure distribution characteristics. In this way, the stability of use of the provider is significantly improved.

(6) The braking effect of the brake of the present invention is not sensitive to the influence of wear of the brake shoe friction disk and the deformation of the shoe, drum, etc., so it is advantageous to reduce the difference between the braking force of the wheel brake of each axle of the vehicle, so that the braking of the brake It reduces cramping and improves vehicle safety and driving safety. This makes the shoe-drum brake of the present invention comparable to the jaw-disc type.

(7) The brake of the present invention has excellent braking performance without change even when the vehicle is advanced or retracted.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a view showing the overall structure of an embodiment of an interlock shoe device brake having two degrees of freedom according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a view showing the assembly relationship between the two degree of freedom interlocking shoe device, the space adjusting device and the brake base plate of Figure 1,

3A and 3B are a complete assembly view and a part exploded view of a double double-type two degree of freedom combination shoe of the brake according to FIG. 1, respectively;

4A and 4B are a complete assembly view and a part exploded view of a single double-type two degree of freedom combination shoe of the brake according to FIG. 1, respectively;

5A and 5B are a complete assembly view of the two degree of freedom interlocking shoe of the brake according to FIG. 1, and an exploded view of parts thereof; and

Figures 6a and 6b is an exploded view of the two degree of freedom interlocking shoe device of the brake according to FIG.

* Brief description of the main parts of the drawing *

3 ... pin 4 ... slider

11,21 ... drive arm 11a, 11b, 21a, 21b ... arm arm 12,22 ... brake shoe 13,23 ... joint pin

14,24 .. Support pin 31 ... friction disc

32 .. Restriction pin 33 ... Friction disc shaft

34 ... friction disc suppression spring 35 ... pad

119 ... rivet Ⅰ ... 2 degree of freedom interlocking shoe device

Ⅱ ... brake clearance Ⅲ ... brake base

Ⅳ ... brake drum Ⅴ ... return spring

Hereinafter, a brake having a two degree of freedom interlocking shoe apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a view showing an embodiment of a brake having a two degree of freedom linkage shoe device composed of two two degree of freedom combination shoes of the brake of the present invention. 1 and 2 are partial gross and mechanical elements constituting each brake structure; The two degrees of freedom interlock shoe device I, the brake spacer II, the brake base III, the brake drum IV and the return spring V are shown. The two degree of freedom interlocking shoe device I and the brake gap adjusting device II are respectively installed on one side of the brake base plate III using the cylindrical support pins 14, 24 and the friction disk shaft 33; The brake gap adjusting device II receives the position limiting pin 32 in the hole 114 of the branch arm 11b of the driving arm 11 to adjust the interlocking and position limitation of the brake gap adjusting device and the multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe device I. By realization; The connection relationship will be described later with reference to FIGS. 6A and 6B. The other pair of two degrees of freedom interlocking shoe device and the brake spacing device are installed on the other side of the brake base plate in the same manner. Since the two pairs of two degree of freedom interlocking shoe apparatus and the brake spacing device of the present embodiment are exactly the same, only one pair of two degrees of freedom interlocking shoe device and the brake spacing device will be described below.

As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the drive arm 11, the brake shoe 12, the connecting pin 13 and the support pin 14 constitute one two degree of freedom combination shoe 1, and the brake shoe (12) is connected to the drive arm (11) using the connecting pin (13), and the drive arm (11) is centered on the support pin (14) provided on the brake base plate (III) together with the brake shoe (12). Can rotate Similarly, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the drive arm 21, the brake shoe 22, the joint pin 23, and the support pin 24 are provided with the other two degrees of freedom combination shoe 2. The brake shoe 22 is connected to the driving arm 21 by using the connecting pin 23, and the driving arm 21 together with the brake shoe 22 is provided on the support base III at the brake base plate III. It can rotate around 24). Since the brake shoes 12 and 22 are arranged at positions close to the support pins on the drive arm 11 and the drive arm 21, respectively, the brake shoes 12 and 22 effectively enhance the braking efficiency and the ability to withstand the heat. The two brake shoes 12 and 22 are connected to each other using an interlock consisting of a pin 3 and a slider 4 (see FIGS. 5A and 5B), which causes the two brake shoes to interlock with each other in the radial direction, In addition, it prevents movement interference while sliding each other in the circumferential direction.

In the structure of the present embodiment, the connecting pins 13, 23 and the supporting pins 14, 24 are all cylindrical pins, so that each of the multiple degree of freedom combination shoes becomes a combination shoe of two degrees of freedom. In addition, the linkage between the brake shoes 12 and 22 can be realized, and the linkage between the drive arms 11 and 21 can be realized using an interlocking device composed of a pin 4 and a slider 6. (See FIGS. 5A and 5B). For this reason, the two degree of freedom combined shoes 1 and 2 constitute one two degree of freedom interlocking shoe apparatus. If the interlocking device between the driving arms 11 and 21 is canceled, the two degrees of freedom combination shoe 1 and 2 constitute one three degrees of freedom interlocking shoe device.

If the support pins 14 and 24 are ball jointed to support the drive arms 11 and 21, respectively, the original two degree of freedom combination shoe is changed into a four degree of freedom combination shoe. If the drive arms 11 and 21 interlock, the two four degree of freedom combination shoes are turned into one three degree of freedom interlocking shoe device and include one side inclination degree of freedom. That is, each three degree of freedom interlocking shoe device has a degree of freedom to rotate about its two drive arm support pins. If the interlock between the drive arms 11 and 21 is canceled, the two four degree of freedom combination shoes are changed into one four degree of freedom interlocking shoe device and the other degrees of freedom are constrained.

If the support pins 14, 24 are columnar and support the drive arms 11, 21, respectively, the brake shoe 12, the drive arm 11, the brake shoe 22 and the drive arm 21. ), The ball-joint joins the multi-degree-of-freedom combination shoe into a single four-degree-of-freedom combination shoe. If the drive arms 11 and 21 are interlocked, the two four degrees of freedom combination shoe constitutes one three degrees of freedom interlocking shoe device, and includes one side inclination degree of freedom. That is, each of the three degrees of freedom interlocking shoe device has a degree of freedom to rotate at a predetermined angle about the two brake shoe connecting pins. If the interlocking device between the drive arms 11 and 21 is canceled, the two four degree of freedom combination shoes become one four degree of freedom interlocking shoe device, and the other degrees of freedom are constrained.

If the support pins 14 and 24 are elliptical pins and support drive arms 11 and 21, respectively, and the connecting pins 13 and 23 are still cylindrical pins, then the original two degrees of freedom The combination shoe is changed to the three degree of freedom combination shoe. If the drive arm 11 and 21 are interlocked, the two three degree of freedom combination shoes are turned into one three degree of freedom linkage shoe device, and include one side tilt freedom. That is, each of the three degrees of freedom interlocking shoe device has a degree of freedom that can rotate at a predetermined angle about the two drive arm support pins. If the interlock between the drive arms 11 and 21 is canceled, the two three degree of freedom combination shoes constitute one four degree of freedom interlocking shoe device, and the other degrees of freedom are constrained.

If the support pins 14 and 24 are columnar pins and support the drive arms 11 and 21, respectively, the brake shoe 12 and the drive arm 11, and the brake shoe 22 and the drive arm, respectively. When 21 is joined by an ellipsoidal pin, the multiple degree of freedom combination shoe becomes a three degree of freedom combination shoe. If the drive arms 11 and 21 are interlocked, the two three degree of freedom combination shoes constitute one three degree of freedom linkage shoe, and include one side inclination degree of freedom. That is, each of the three degrees of freedom interlocking shoe device has a degree of freedom to rotate at a predetermined angle about the two brake shoe connecting pins. If the interlock between the drive arms 11 and 21 is canceled, the two three degrees of freedom combination shoe constitutes one four degrees of freedom interlocking shoe device and the other degrees of freedom are constrained.

In order to realize the connection relationship between the various types of multi-degree of freedom interlock, the driving arm introduces two branch arm structures in the multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe device composed of the two multi-degree of freedom combination shoes. In the two degree of freedom interlocking shoe device, as shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 4A, 4B, the driving arms 11 and 21 are two branch arms 11a, 11b, 21a, and 21a, respectively. 21b), the two branch arms 11a, 11b are integrally riveted through the holes 118 using a rivet 119, and the two branch arms 21a, 21b are Rivets 219 integrally rivet through the holes 218 and can accommodate other components in the space between the two branch arms of each drive arm. The two drive arms 11 and 21 are arranged in parallel to each other and the drive arm 21 is located between the two branch arms 11a and 11b of the drive arm 11, and the support pin ( 14 and 24 are respectively positioned at one end of the driving arms 11 and 21 and are spaced apart from each other, and the other end 110 of the driving arm 11 is a support pin 24 of the driving arm 21. ), The other end 210 of the drive arm 21 is located on the support pin 14 side of the drive arm (11). The two drive arms 11 and 21 are joined together against each other, and each drive arm has a hole engaged with the support pin and the contact pin and the required motion so as to ensure that motion interference between the machine elements does not occur during operation. Interference prevention holes and positioning pin receiving holes are provided. For example, the hole 111 on the drive arm 11 is engaged with the support pin 14 assembled to the base plate III, and the hole 112 is connected to connect the drive arm 11 and the brake shoe 12. Engaging with the pin 13, the hole 113 is engaged with the pin 5 which realizes the interlocking of the drive arm 11 and the drive arm 21 (see FIGS. 5A, 5B). Similarly, a hole 211 is provided in the drive arm 21 to engage with the support pin 24 assembled to the base plate III, and the hole 212 is a connecting pin for connecting the drive arm 21 and the brake shoe 22 to each other. Engaging with 23, the hole 213 engages with the slider 6 which realizes the linkage of the drive arms 11 and 21 (see FIGS. 5A and 5B). Since the driving arms 11 and 21 overlap each other, the movement interference preventing holes 115 and 116 are provided on the driving arm 11, and the movement interference preventing holes are also provided on the driving arm 21. 215 and 216 are provided. The kinetic interference preventing hole 115 is used to avoid kinetic interference on the connecting pin 23 at which the driving arm 11 connects the driving arm 21 and the brake shoe 22, and the kinetic interference preventing hole ( 116 is used for the drive arm 11 to avoid motion interference with respect to the support pins 24 of the drive arm 21. Similarly, the movement interference prevention hole 215 is used for the driving arm 21 to avoid the movement interference on the connecting pin 13 connecting the driving arm 11 and the brake shoe 12, and the movement interference prevention hole. 216 is used for the drive arm 21 to avoid motion interference with respect to the support pin 14 of the drive arm 11. The drive arm 11 and the drive arm 21 are also provided with connecting holes 117 and 217 of the return spring V, respectively. In addition, the position limit pin receiving hole 114 on the branch arm 11b of the drive arm receives one end of the position limit pin 32 (see FIGS. 6A and 6B), and the two degree of freedom linkage shoe device and the brake spacing device It is used to realize the linkage, and the drive arms 11 and 21 are used to limit the amount of rotation angle by the action of the return spring V, and automatically adjust the distance between the brake shoes 12, 22 and the brake drum IV. Used to restrict. The space under the braking state between the inner wall of the position limiting pin receiving hole 114 and the position limiting pin 32 on the side close to the brake drum IV reduces the distance between the brake shoes 12, 22 and the non-braking state of the brake drum IV. Will be decided. After the friction disk is worn, the drive arm 11 uses the position limiting pin 32 to guide the friction disk 31 together to a new position to adjust the distance between the brake shoe and the brake drum. In the above design scheme, both of the brake shoes 12 and 22 are disposed between the branch arms 21a and 21b of the driving arm 21.

As shown in Figs. 5A and 5B of the present embodiment, in order to realize the interlocking of the brake shoes of two two degree of freedom combination shoes, the brake shoe 12 has a double double structure (shown in Figs. 3A and 3B). The brake shoe 22 introduces a single double structure (shown in Figs. 4A and 4B), wherein the two brake shoes are overlapped with each other in the vicinity of each other and the double of the single double brake shoe 22 is provided. Is positioned between the two plates 12a and 12b of the double double-type brake shoe 12 to facilitate the interlocking of the two brake shoes using the slider 4 and the interlocking pins 3. The brake shoe is provided with an engagement hole, of which a circular hole 122 that engages with the interlocking pin 3 is located in the double duplex overlap of the brake shoe 12 and the long hole 222 that engages with the slider 4. ) Is located at the double overlap of the brake shoe 22. In this way, the two sliders 12a and 12b of the brake shoe 12 restrict the movement position along the axial direction of the interlocking pin 3 so that the slider 4 has a long hole ( 222 to escape. The slider 4 can slide in the long hole 222, and the connecting pin 3 passes through the hole of the slider 4 to engage the hole 122 of the brake shoe 12 to engage the brake shoe 12, 22. ) Interlocks in the radial direction but does not cause motion interference. In addition, the brake shoe 12 is provided with a hole 121 that engages with the connecting pin 13. Similarly, the brake shoe 22 also has a hole 221 which engages with the connecting pin 23.

Referring to FIGS. 6A and 6B, a brake is applied around the support pins 14 and 24 by applying a force on the other end 110 or 210 of the driving arms 11 and 21 in the braking process, respectively. Brake shoe friction disk and brakes by rotating in the direction close to drum IV and then drawing brake shoes 12 and 22 using the connecting pins 13 and 23 of the brake shoe and drive arm to press the brake drum. Radial pressure is created between the drums. At this time, the brake shoe can rotate relative to the driving arm about the connecting pin, thereby ensuring a complete and good contact between the brake shoe and the brake drum. When the wheels turn counterclockwise, the radial pressure generates friction between the brake shoe friction disk and the brake drum, forming a friction braking moment (torque) for the brake drum. At the same time, the frictional force of the brake shoe 12 forms a moment with respect to the connecting pin 13 so that a part of the brake shoe 12 closer to the slider 4 is pressed against the brake drum, and the slider 4 Away from the brake drum. Similarly, the frictional force of the brake shoe 22 forms a moment with respect to the connecting pin 23 so that a part of the brake shoe 22 far from the slider 4 is pressed against the brake drum, and the slider 4 The part on the near side away from the brake drum. For this reason, the upside-down state of the two brake shoes 12 and 22 which cooperate with each other can be canceled basically, and it is advantageous to distribute the friction disk pressure uniformly, and can fully play the role of each brake shoe. have.

In the embodiment of the present invention introduces a unique structure of braking interval automatic adjustment device, looking at this with reference to Figures 6a, 6b, the brake spacing device is mainly a friction disk 31, a position limiting pin 32, a friction disk shaft (33), friction disk suppression spring (34), and pad (35). In order to effectively increase the friction moment, the friction disk 31 introduces a dish-shaped structure, on the one hand, to increase the rigidity and on the other hand to bring the edge of the friction disk into contact with the brake base III. The friction disc shaft passes through the center hole of the friction disc and a hole corresponding to the brake base plate III to be brought into contact with the brake base plate. The friction disk pressing spring 34 is put on the friction disk shaft 33 and compressed and assembled between the brake base plate III and the pad 35 (if the space inside the brake permits, the head of the shaft 33 can be removed). A predetermined pressure is generated between the friction disc 31 and the friction disk 31, for example, in the form of a plate) and between the friction disk and the brake base plate III. The position limit pin 32 is fixed on the friction disk 31 and one end thereof is received in a hole on the branch arm 11b of the drive arm, and the position limit pin 32 and the position limit pin receiving hole 114 are fixed. There is a predetermined gap between the inner walls of the.

Braking adjustments and limitations of the brake clearance are as follows. When the brake shoe friction disc wears and then brakes, the drive arm 11 pulls the brake shoe against the brake drum and at the same time draws the positioning pin 32 using the positioning pin receiving hole 114. Together with the friction disk 31, the friction force between the friction disk and the brake base plate is overcome and rotated about its axis 33 to a new position. Under the action of the driving arm force, both the resilience force and the inertia force can cause the friction disk 31 to rotate in other situations except for the situation in which the friction disk 31 can rotate about its axis 33. none. After the brake is released, under the action of the return spring V, the drive arms 11 and 21 respectively lead the brake shoes 12 and 22 away from the brake drum to limit the position close to the brake drum on the drive arm 11. The inner wall of the pin receiving hole 114 is cracked until it comes in contact with the position limiting pin 32. Since the drive arms 11 and 21 interlock with each other, the drive arm 11 is restricted and the drive arm 21 is also restricted.

By appropriately adjusting the size and performance parameters of the relevant machine element using the design as described above, automatic adjustment of the brake interval can be realized, and furthermore, the brake interval can be maintained at a predetermined optimum value.

Claims (16)

A shoe-drum brake comprising a brake spacer, a brake base plate and a brake drum, Further comprising a multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe device; Each multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe device comprises two multi-degree of freedom combined shoes, and the brake shoes of the two multi-degree of freedom combined shoes are connected to each other by a brake shoe interlocking device; Each multi-degree of freedom combination shoe includes a drive arm, a brake shoe, a joint pin and a support pin, and the brake shoe of each of the multi-degree of freedom combination shoes is connected with the drive arm using the connection pin, and the drive arm is Installed on the brake base plate using the support pins; The brake spacing device is installed on the brake base plate and interlocks with the multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe device; And the brake drum is formed by covering the outer side of the multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe device to form a friction surface. The multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe device of claim 1, wherein the multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe device has three degrees of freedom, and each of the plurality of degrees of freedom-combining shoe has two degrees of freedom, and the two two degrees of freedom combination shoe of one three degree of freedom interlocking device. And other degrees of freedom are not bound; Each brake shoe and its drive arm are connected with columnar pins, and each drive arm is supported with columnar pins; The drive arms of the two two degree of freedom combination shoes are arranged in parallel to each other and the two support pins are located at one end of each drive arm at a distance and the other end of the drive arm is the same as the support pins of the other drive arms. Located in place; A two-degree of freedom combined shoe drive arm does not interlock; a drum brake having an interconnected multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe. The multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe device of claim 1, wherein the multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe device has two degrees of freedom, and each of the plurality of degrees of freedom-combining shoe has two degrees of freedom, and the two two degree of freedom combination shoe has one two degree of freedom interlocking shoe device Constitutes no other degree of freedom; Each brake shoe and drive arm are connected with columnar pins, and each drive arm is supported with columnar pins; The drive arms of the two two degree of freedom combination shoes are arranged in parallel to each other and the two support pins are located at one end of each drive arm at a distance from each other, and the other end of the drive arm is connected to the support pins of the other drive arm. Located in the same place; The drive arms of the two two degrees of freedom combination shoe are interlocked with each other using a drive arm linkage. A drum brake having an interconnected multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe. According to claim 1, wherein the multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe device has four degrees of freedom, and includes one side inclination degree of freedom, The four degree of freedom interlocking shoe device has a degree of freedom capable of rotating at a predetermined angle about the two drive arm support pins; Each multi-degree of freedom combination shoe has four degrees of freedom, two four degree of freedom combination shoes constitute one four degree of freedom interlocking shoe device and the other degrees of freedom are constrained; Each brake shoe and its drive arm are connected with columnar pins, and each drive arm is supported by a ball joint; The two four degree of freedom combination shoe drive arms are arranged in parallel to each other and the two support pins are located at one end of each drive arm at a distance from each other and the other end of the drive arm is the same as the support pins of the other drive arms. Located in place; The drive arms of the two four degree of freedom combination shoes are not interlocked. According to claim 1, The multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe device has a three degree of freedom and includes one side inclination degree of freedom, The three degree of freedom interlocking shoe device has a degree of freedom to rotate about two drive arm support pins at a predetermined angle; Each of the multiple degrees of freedom combination shoes has four degrees of freedom and two four degrees of freedom combination shoes constitute one three degree of freedom interlocking shoe device and the other degrees of freedom are constrained; Each brake shoe and its drive arm are connected by columnar pins, and each drive arm is supported by a ball joint; Two four degree of freedom combination shoe drive arms are arranged in parallel opposite each other, two support pins are located at one end of each drive arm at a distance from each other and the other end of the drive arm is the same as the support pins of the other drive arms. Located; The drive arms of the two four degree of freedom combination shoes are interlocked with each other using a drive arm linkage device. A drum brake having an interconnected multi-degree of freedom linkage shoe. The method of claim 1, wherein the multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe device has a four degree of freedom, and includes one side inclination degree of freedom, The four degree of freedom interlocking shoe device has a degree of freedom capable of rotating at a predetermined angle about the connecting pins of the two brake shoes; Each multi-degree of freedom combination shoe has four degrees of freedom, two four degree of freedom combination shoes constitute one four degree of freedom interlocking shoe device, and other degrees of freedom are constrained; Each brake shoe and its drive arm are connected with columnar pins, and each of the four degree of freedom combination shoe drive arms is supported with columnar pins; The two four degree of freedom combination shoe drive arms are arranged in parallel to each other and the two support pins are at a distance from each other, located at one end of each drive arm, the other end of which is connected to the support pins of the other drive arm. Located in the same place; The drive arms of two four degree of freedom combination shoes are not interlocked; a drum brake having an interconnected multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe. The multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe device has three degrees of freedom, and includes one side inclination degree of freedom. The three degree of freedom interlocking shoe device has a degree of freedom to rotate at a predetermined angle about the connecting pins of the two brake shoes; Each of the multiple degree of freedom combination shoes has four degrees of freedom, two four degree of freedom combination shoes constitute one three degree of freedom linkage shoe device, and other degrees of freedom are constrained; Each brake shoe and drive arm are connected by a ball joint, and each drive arm is supported by a columnar pin; The two four degree of freedom combination shoe drive arms are arranged in parallel opposite each other, the two support pins are spaced apart from each other, located at one end of each drive arm and the other end of the drive arm is the same as the support pin of the other drive arm. Located there; The drive arms of the two four degree of freedom combination shoes interlock with each other via a drive arm linkage; a drum brake having an interconnected multi-degree of freedom linkage shoe. According to claim 1, wherein the multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe device has four degrees of freedom, and includes one side inclination degree of freedom, The four degree of freedom interlocking shoe device has a degree of freedom to rotate about two drive arm support pins at a predetermined angle; Each of the multiple degrees of freedom combination shoes has three degrees of freedom, two three degrees of freedom combination shoes constitute one four degree of freedom interlocking shoe device and the other degrees of freedom are constrained; Each brake shoe and drive arm are connected with columnar pins, and each drive arm is supported with elliptical pins; The two three degree of freedom combination shoe drive arms are arranged in parallel to each other, the two support pins are at a distance from each other, located at one end of each drive arm and the other end of the drive arm is the same as the support pin of the other drive arm. Located there; The drive arms of two three degrees of freedom combination shoes are not interlocked; a drum brake having an interconnected multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe. The multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe device has three degrees of freedom, and includes one side inclination degree of freedom, The three degree of freedom interlocking shoe device has a degree of freedom to rotate about two drive arm support pins at a predetermined angle; Each of the multiple degree of freedom combination shoes has three degrees of freedom, two three degree of freedom combination shoes constitute one three degree of freedom linkage shoe device, and other degrees of freedom are constrained; Each brake shoe and drive arm are connected with columnar pins, and each drive arm is supported with elliptical pins; Two three degree of freedom combination shoe drive arms are arranged in parallel to each other and the two support pins are located at one end of each drive arm at a distance from each other and the other end of the drive arm is the same as the support pins of the other drive arms. Located; The drive arm of the two three degree of freedom combination shoe is interlocked with the drive arm linkage; drum type brake having an interconnected multi-degree of freedom linkage shoe. According to claim 1, wherein the multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe device has four degrees of freedom, and includes one side inclination degree of freedom, The four degree of freedom interlocking shoe device has a degree of freedom to rotate at a predetermined angle about the connecting pins of the two brake shoes; Each of the multiple degrees of freedom combination shoes has three degrees of freedom, two three degrees of freedom combination shoes constitute one four degree of freedom interlocking shoe device and the other degrees of freedom are constrained; Each brake shoe and drive arm are connected with elliptical pins, and each drive arm is supported with columnar pins; The two three degree of freedom combination shoe drive arms are arranged in parallel to each other and the two support pins are located at one side of each drive arm at a distance from each other, the other end of the drive arm being the same as the support pins of the other drive arms. Located; The drive arms of two three degrees of freedom combination shoes are not interlocked; a drum brake having an interconnected multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe. The multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe device has three degrees of freedom, and includes one side inclination degree of freedom. The three degree of freedom interlocking shoe device has a degree of freedom to rotate about the connecting pins of the two brake shoes; Each of the multiple degrees of freedom combining shoes has three degrees of freedom, and the two degrees of freedom combination shoes constitute one three degree of freedom interlocking shoe device and the other degrees of freedom are constrained; Each brake shoe and drive arm are connected with elliptical pins, and each drive arm is connected with columnar pins; Two three degree of freedom combination shoe drive arms are arranged in parallel to each other and two support pins are located at one end of each drive arm at a distance from each other, the other end of which is the same as the support pins of the other drive arms. Located there; The drive arm of the two three degree of freedom combination shoe is interlocked with each other by a drive arm linkage; a drum brake having an interconnected multi-degree of freedom linkage shoe. 12. The drive arm linkage device according to any one of claims 3, 5, 7, 9 or 11, wherein the drive arm linkage device comprises a linkage pin connected to one drive arm and a slider in the other drive arm long hole. And the slider is connected to the interlocking pins using the upper hole thereof and is able to slide relatively among the long holes. The driving arm of each multi-degree of freedom combination shoe of the multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe device has two branch arms, and forms a space for accommodating other components therebetween. ; Each drive arm comprises a plurality of engagement holes, a movement interference prevention hole and a position limiting pin receiving hole; The two drive arms are arranged to be interconnected, the two branch arms of the external drive arm receive the other drive arm, and the two branch arms of the received drive arm receive the abdomen of the brake shoe; A drum brake with interconnected multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoes. The brake shoe according to claim 1, wherein the brake shoe is a single double brake shoe, and the other brake is a double double brake shoe; Adjacent two brake shoes, these doubles overlap one another and a double double brake shoe is located between two double double brake shoes; A drum brake having an interconnected multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoe, comprising: installing a brake shoe linkage at a double overlap. The brake shoe linkage device according to claim 1, wherein the brake shoe linkage device includes a linkage pin passing through a hole formed in the double overlap part and a slider in the long hole on the double overlap part. And the slider is connected to the interlocking pin with its upper hole and slides in a long hole. According to claim 1, wherein the brake spacer is made of a friction disk, friction disk shaft, friction disk pressing spring, nut, pad and positioning pin, The friction discs contact each other with the brake base plate, The position limiting pin is offset by a predetermined distance with respect to the friction disk axis, and fixedly connected to the friction disk, The friction disc shaft is in contact with the brake base plate through the center hole of the friction disc, The friction disk pressing spring is placed on the friction disk shaft to generate a predetermined pressure between the friction disk and the brake base plate, One end of the position limiting pin is received in a position limiting pin receiving hole on a branch arm close to the brake base plate side of one driving arm, and a predetermined distance is provided between the position limiting pin and an inner wall of the position limiting pin receiving hole. Drum brakes with interconnected multi-degree of freedom interlocking shoes.

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