KR100539509B1 - method for defect area management in data recording/playback - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for managing defect areas during real-time recording / reproducing of a rewritable optical recording medium. In particular, when a defect block registered in the SDL is found during recording of real-time data, the defect recording method is recorded by skipping and a defect block not registered in the SDL is detected. By disregarding the defect and writing the data in the block as it is, the position information of the defect block is registered in the SDL entry, thereby eliminating the failure of the real time recording caused by the defect block not registered in the SDL. In addition, when a defect block not registered in the SDL is found, the data is written in the defect block as it is or the skipping of the defect block is performed according to the error size of the defect block. In addition to eliminating faults, data is not written to fatal defect blocks, thereby maintaining the original data.

Description

Method for defect area management in data recording / playback

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rewritable optical recording medium system, and more particularly to a method for managing a defective area when recording and reproducing data requiring real time recording in real time.

In general, optical recording media are classified into three types, such as read-only ROM, write-once worm type, and rewritable rewritable type. Lose.

The ROM type optical recording medium may include a compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM) and a digital versatile disc read only memory (DVD-ROM), and a worm type optical recording medium may be written once. Recordable Compact Discs (CD-Rs) and Recordable Digital Versatile Discs (DVD-Rs).

In addition, freely rewritable discs include a rewritable compact disc (CD-RW) and a rewritable digital versatile disc (DVD-RW).

On the other hand, in the case of a rewritable optical recording medium, the recording / reproducing operation of information is repeatedly performed due to the use characteristics thereof, so that the mixing ratio of the mixture constituting the recording layer formed for recording information on the optical recording medium is initially mixed. It becomes different from the ratio and loses its characteristics, resulting in an error in recording / reproducing information.

This phenomenon is called deterioration, and the deteriorated area appears as a defect area when the format, recording, and reproducing command of the optical recording medium is executed.

In addition to the deterioration phenomenon, defect areas of the rewritable optical recording medium may be generated due to scratches on the surface, dust such as dust, errors in production, and the like.

Therefore, in order to prevent data from being recorded / reproduced in the defect area formed due to the above reasons, it is necessary to manage the defect area.

To this end, as shown in FIG. 1, a defect management area (hereinafter referred to as a DMA) is provided in a lead-in area and a lead-out area of the optical recording medium. The defect area of the optical recording medium is managed. The data area is divided and managed by groups, and each group is divided into a user area in which actual data is recorded and a spare area for use when a defect occurs in the user area.

In general, four DMAs exist in one disk, two DMAs exist in the lead-in area, and the other two DMAs exist in the lead-out area.

Here, each DMA is composed of two blocks, and has a total of 32 sectors. The first block (called a DDS / PDL block) of each DMA includes a Disc Definition Structure (DDS) and a Primary Defect List (PDL), and the second block (called an SDL block) of each DMA is an SDL (Secondary). Defect List).

In this case, PDL means main defect data storage, and SDL means defect data storage.

In general, the PDL stores entries created during the disc creation process and entries of all defective sectors identified during formatting, ie, initializing and re-initializing the disc. Here, each entry is composed of an entry type and a sector number corresponding to a defective sector.

On the other hand, the SDL is listed in units of blocks, and stores entries of defective areas that occur after the format or defective areas that cannot be stored in the PDL during the format. Each SDL entry is composed of an area storing a sector number of a first sector of a block in which a defective sector has occurred and an area storing a sector number of a first sector of a replacement block to replace the defective sector as shown in FIG. In addition, one bit is allocated to each entry for Forced Reassignment Marking (FRM). If the value is 0b, the replacement block is assigned and there is no defect in the replacement block. 1b means that no replacement block is allocated or the allocated replacement block is defective.

Therefore, defective areas (i.e., defective sectors or defective blocks) in the data area are replaced with normal areas, which are usually a slipping replacement method and a linear replacement method.

The sleeping replacement method is applied when a defective area is registered in the PDL. If a defective sector listed in the PDL exists in a user area in which actual data is recorded, as shown in FIG. The sector is skipped and instead replaced by the normal sector following the defective sector to record the data. Therefore, the user area in which data is recorded occupies a spare area as much as the defective sector skipped and eventually skipped.

In addition, the linear replacement method is applied when the defect area is registered in the SDL. If a defect block listed in the SDL exists in the user area or the spare area as shown in FIG. 3B, the linear replacement method is applied to the spare area. Data is recorded by being replaced with a replacement area of the allocated block unit. At this time, the physical sector number (PSN) assigned to the defective block remains as it is, but the logical sector number (LSN) moves together with the data to the replacement block. This linear replacement method is effective when reading or writing data that does not require real time.

4 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a general optical disc recording apparatus, comprising: an optical pickup for recording and reproducing data on an optical disc, a pickup transfer unit for transferring the optical pickup, and a data processing unit for processing input data and transmitting the same to the optical pickup; , An interface, a microcomputer for controlling them, and the like, and a host is connected to an interface of the optical disc recording device so that commands and data are transmitted to each other.

When data to be recorded in FIG. 4 configured as described above is generated, the host sends a recording command to the optical disc recording apparatus. The write command includes a Logical Block Address (LBA) designating a recording position and a transfer length indicating the size of the data. The host then sends the data to be recorded to the optical disc recording apparatus. When the data to be recorded on the optical disc is input from the host, the optical disc recording apparatus starts recording from the designated LBA. At this time, the optical disc recording apparatus does not record data in the defective area by using PDL and SDL, which are information indicating a defect of the optical disc.

That is, the physical sectors recorded in the PDL are skipped and the physical blocks recorded in the SDL (sblkA, sblkB) are replaced with replacement blocks (s) allocated to the spare areas as shown in FIG. 5A. sblkD, sblkF) will be recorded. At this time, the remaining SDL entries are (0, sblkA, sblkF), (0, sblkB, sblkD) as shown in FIG. 5B. Here, (0, sblkA, sblkF) means that a replacement block without defect is allocated, and data to be recorded in the defect block sblkA in the user area is replaced with the replacement block sblkF in the spare area and recorded. In addition, if there is a defective block or a block having many errors that are not listed in the SDL during recording or reproduction, the block is regarded as a defective block, the replacement block of the spare area is found, the data of the defective block is rewritten, and the defective block is found. Register the first sector number of the first sector and the first sector number of the replacement block in the SDL entry.

At this time, the defective block recorded in the SDL is replaced with a replacement block assigned to the spare area, and in order to record data, the optical pickup must be transferred to the spare area and then transferred back to the user area. do.

Therefore, the defect area management method for the case where real-time recording is needed, such as for A / V, has been recently discussed. When one of them uses the SDL as shown in Fig. 6, when skipping a defective block like a sleeping replacement method without using the linear replacement method, the skipping skips the defective block and writes data to the next normal block. The use of the Skipping method is discussed. In this way, since the optical pickup does not have to be transported to the spare area each time it encounters a defective block, it is possible to reduce the moving time of the optical pickup and eliminate the obstacle of real time recording.

However, the above-described real time recording / reproducing method is regarded as a defective block even for a block which is not registered in the SDL but has an error in the physical identification number (PID) indicating the address of the sector. By skipping as shown by the hatched block of Figure 6, it may be a problem in real time recording / playback.

That is, the recording of data is usually in units of blocks, and the blocks of recording are 16 sectors in units of error correction code (ECC) blocks. In this case, each sector is divided into a header field, a mirror field, and a recording field as shown in FIG. 7A, and the header field is again divided into four header fields (header 1 field) as shown in FIG. 7B. Head 4 field). Each header field as shown in FIG. 7B is composed of an area indicating sector information and an area number indicating a sector number as shown in FIG. 7C, and the sector information area is composed of a PID, a sector type, and a layer number area. That is, four PIDs are allotted to one sector.

In this case, if a predetermined number of PID errors occur in one sector, for example, three or more PID errors, the sector is regarded as a defective sector. In this case, data was recorded using a linear replacement method (= general data) or a skipping method (= real time data).

In addition, the recording field as shown in FIG. 7A includes a data field. The data recorded in the data field is referred to as data unit 1, data unit 2, and data unit 3 according to the signal processing step. Herein, data processed before ECC encoding is referred to as data unit 1 by modulating data of data unit 1 and ECC encoded data as data unit 2 and data unit 2.

At this time, if a sector with PID error is found while recording real-time data, the block containing the sector is regarded as a defective block and skipped to the next normal block. The PID of the next normal block is different from the PID of the defective block. You will need to reacquire the data you need to re-enable ECC encoding and modulation. The ECC encoding and modulation must be completed before the pickup reaches the next normal block, which may not be completed. The more likely the PID error sector is in the second half of the block, the shorter the time until the next normal block is.

That is, if the pickup is in a normal block and ECC encoding and modulation have not been completed for the data to be recorded, the data cannot be recorded in the block. Therefore, in order to record data in the normal block, pickup must be reversed by one track after the disc has been rotated once again, which can impede real-time recording.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a defect area management method in real time recording / reproduction in which a defect block registered in the SDL is skipped and data is recorded in a defect block not registered in the SDL. Is in.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a defect area management method in real time recording / reproduction in which data is recorded as it is in a defect block in which a PID error sector exists.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a defect area management method in real time recording / reproduction in which data is recorded in a defect block as it is or according to the magnitude of an error, or data is recorded while skipping the defect block.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a defect area management method in real time recording / reproducing in which the position information of the defect block is registered in the SDL when data is recorded or skipped in a defect block not registered in the SDL.

The file management method for real time recording / reproducing according to the present invention for achieving the above object comprises the steps of: checking whether the defective block is found in the SDL if the defective block is found during data recording in real time; And if it is determined that the defect block is not registered, recording the data in the defect block, and storing the position information of the defect block in which the data is recorded.

The defective block not registered in the SDL may be a block of a sector in which an error occurs in the PID.

If it is determined in the step that the defect block registered in the SDL, the defect block is characterized in that skipping and writing data to the next normal block.

In this step, the position information of the defective block in which data is recorded is recorded in the SDL.

The above steps are repeated so that data is read from the defective block during data reproduction after recording is completed.

After the above steps are repeatedly performed and the recording is completed, the data is recorded in the next normal block without writing data in the defective block in the data rewriting.

When recording or reproducing data that does not require real time, a linear replacement method is used as described above.

The defect area management method in real time recording / reproducing according to the present invention comprises the steps of checking whether a defect block is not registered in the SDL if a defect block is found during data recording in real time, and if it is determined that the defect block is not registered in the SDL in the step; Recording data in the defective block, storing position information of the defective block in the SDL, and if it is determined that the defective block is registered in the SDL in the step, the defective block is skipped and data is stored in the next normal block. Characterized in that it comprises a step of recording.

The defect area management method in real time recording / reproducing according to the present invention comprises the steps of: determining whether a defect block is not registered in the SDL if a defect block is found during data recording in real time; Determining an error size of the defective block; if it is determined that the error size is smaller than a predetermined value (N), writing data in the defective block as it is; and wherein the error size is greater than or equal to a predetermined value (N). If so, skipping the defective block and writing data to the next normal block instead.

The error size determining step may be performed using the PID error sector number.

The error size determining step may be performed using an ECC error row count.

The reference value N compared with the error magnitude may be variable.

The step of recording the data in the defect block as it is, characterized in that it further comprises the step of storing the position information of the defect block in which the data is recorded in the SDL.

The skipping of the defective block may further include storing position information of the skipped defective block in an SDL.

The position information of the defect block in which the data is recorded and the position information of the defect block for skipping data are stored in the SDL to be distinguished from each other.

When the data is reproduced after the above steps are repeatedly performed and recording is completed, data is read from the defective block in which the data is recorded, and data is not read from the defective block in which the data is skipped.

After the above steps are repeatedly performed and the recording is completed, the data is recorded in the next normal block without writing data in the defective block in the data rewriting.

Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart for performing a defect area management method in real time recording / reproducing according to the present invention, wherein when data to be recorded in real time is generated, a host may record data to be recorded on an optical disc together with a recording command for controlling real time recording. Transfer to a disc recording device (step 801). Accordingly, the optical disc recording apparatus records data on the optical disc in accordance with a recording command (step 802). If a defective block is found while recording data (step 803), it is determined whether or not the defective block is registered in the SDL (step) 804).

If it is determined that the defect block is registered in the SDL, the defect blocks sblkA and sblkB are skipped as shown in FIG. 9A and data is recorded in the next normal block (step 805). On the other hand, if it is determined that the defect block (sblkG) is not registered in the SDL, the defect is ignored and data is written in the block as it is (step 806).

In this case, if the defective block not registered in the SDL is a defective block having a PID error sector, the PID of the sector can be inferred by looking at the PID of the previous sector, and thus data can be recorded in the data field of the sector under the control of the microcomputer. have.

In this process, the data of the PID error or defective block is registered in the SDL entry at an appropriate time, i.e., at a time that does not affect the real-time recording, for example, at a time when a recording command is completed and the next recording command is not input. (Step 807). This is information indicating that data has been recorded as a defect, so that data will not be recorded in this defect block at the next recording time.

In this case, the remaining SDL entry may be (1, sblkG, 0) as shown in FIG. 9B. This means that the block sblkG has failed and no block is replaced.

Then, when recording is completed (step 808), a command performance report is sent to the host (step 809).

Then, data is read out from the defect block sblkG when reproducing after recording is completed by the above-described process. Then, the next time that the block is rewritten at that position, the block is already registered in the SDL, so skipping (real time data) or linear replacement (normal data) is performed.

At this time, the defect state of the defect block not registered in the SDL may be fatal or not fatal. If the defect state is fatal, even if data is recorded in the defect block as it is, the data is lost since the data cannot be read during reproduction.

FIG. 10 is another embodiment of the present invention to prepare for such a case. When a defect block not registered in the SDL is found, data is written in the defect block as it is or skipping is performed according to the error size of the defect block.

That is, when a recording command and data for real time recording are transmitted from the host (step 901), the optical disc recording apparatus records data on the optical disc according to the recording command (step 902).

If a defective block is found while recording data, it is determined whether or not the defective block is registered in the SDL (step 903). If the defect block is registered in the SDL, the process returns to step 902 and skips as shown in FIG. 9A, and instead, data is written to the next normal block.

If the defective block is not registered in the SDL, an error size of the defective block is determined (step 904).

For example, in the DVD-RAM specification, for example, one or more PID error sectors (called PID errors) in one ECC block, or eight or more error rows in one ECC block (ECC errors). The block is not registered in the SDL but is determined to be defective. That is, one ECC block is 172 bytes x 192 rows (= 172 bytes x 12 rows x 16 data units 1). Each of the 172 columns has an external parity (PO) of 16 bytes, and each of the 208 rows including the PO has a 10-byte internal parity (PI).

Therefore, the error size can be determined using the number of PID error sectors or the number of ECC error rows in the defective block. In this case, the reference value N to be compared may vary according to the comparison target, that is, the number of PID error sectors or the number of ECC error rows. In addition, the N may vary according to the calculation amount of the ECC in the host.

In addition, if ECC errors are checked during real time recording, this may also impede real time recording. Therefore, it is possible to determine the presence and the error size of a defect block not registered in the SDL using only PID errors.

For example, if the error size is compared with the number of PID error sectors, and if N is set to 5, when the number of PID error sectors is 5 or more, the defect block determines that a fatal defect has occurred. sblkH) skips and instead writes data to the next good block (step 905).

If the number of PID error sectors is less than 5, it is determined that the defect of the defective block is not fatal, and data is recorded as it is in the defect block sblkG as shown in FIG. 11 (step 906).

In this process, SDL is used to record the location information of the defect blocks (sblkG, sblkH) at an appropriate time, that is, at a time that does not affect the real-time recording, for example, at a time when a recording command is completed and the next recording command is not input. Register the entry (step 907).

At this time, the SDL entry for the defect block sblkG and the SDL entry for the defect block sblkH should be distinguished from each other. That is, since data is recorded in the defect block sblkG as it is, data must be read from the defect block sblkG at the time of reproduction. However, since data is skipped without writing data into the defect block sblkH, the defect block sblkH is reproduced. ) Cannot read data.

Accordingly, the SDL entry for the defect block sblkG may be left as shown in FIG. 9B, but the information indicating that the defect block sblkH has been skipped should also be left in the SDL entry for the defect block sblkH.

At this time, the information that the defect block (sblkH) is skipped may use the unused area of the SDL entry, the embodiment has been filed in Korea by the same person.

Then, when recording is complete (step 908), a command performance report is sent to the host (step 909).

If the SDL entry is left in the above-described manner, data is read from the defect block sblkG and data is not read from the defect block sblkH at the time of reproduction after the recording is completed by the above-described process. In addition, the next time the rewrite is performed at that position, the blocks (sblkG, sblkH) are already registered in the SDL, and thus skipping (real time data) or linear replacement (normal data) is performed.

As described above, according to the defect area management method of real time recording / reproducing according to the present invention, if a defect block registered in the SDL is found during the recording of real-time data, it is recorded by a skipping method and the defect block not registered in the SDL is found. By disregarding the defect and writing the data in the block as it is, the position information of the defect block is registered in the SDL entry, thereby eliminating the failure of the real time recording caused by the defect block not registered in the SDL. In addition, when a defect block not registered in the SDL is found, the data is written in the defect block as it is or the skipping of the defect block is performed according to the error size of the defect block. In addition to eliminating faults, data is not written to fatal defect blocks, thereby maintaining the original data.

1 is a view showing a data area of a general optical disc

2 illustrates a general SDL entry structure

Figure 3a is a view showing a typical sleeping alternative method

Figure 3b is a view showing a general linear replacement method

4 is a block diagram of a general optical disc recording apparatus;

FIG. 5A illustrates a process in which data is recorded by a linear replacement method when using SDL on the disk of FIG. 4. FIG.

FIG. 5B illustrates an example of information remaining in the SDL entry in FIG. 5A.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a process of recording data by a skipping method for a defective block on the disk of FIG. 4. FIG.

7A shows a structure of a general sector

FIG. 7B illustrates the structure of the header field of FIG. 7A

FIG. 7C illustrates the structure of each header field of FIG. 7B.

8 is a flowchart showing an embodiment of a defect area management method of an optical recording medium according to the present invention.

9A illustrates a process of recording data as it is in a defect block not registered in SDL in a method for managing a defect area of an optical recording medium according to the present invention.

9B illustrates an example of an SDL entry that registers the defect block of FIG. 9A.

10 is a flowchart showing another embodiment of the defect area management method of the optical recording medium according to the present invention.

11 is a view showing a process of writing or skipping data as it is in a defect block not registered in the SDL in the defect area management method of the optical recording medium according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Claims (47)

In a defect area management method in real time recording / reproducing, which records and reproduces data in real time, If a defective block is found during data recording, checking whether the defective block is not registered in the defective data storage unit (SDL); If it is determined in the step that the defective block is not registered in the defective data storage unit (SDL), recording the data in the defective block; And storing the positional information of the defect block in which the data is recorded. The method of claim 1, In the step of checking whether or not the defect block is registered And if it is determined that the defect block is registered in the defect data storage unit (SDL), the defect block skips and records data in the next normal block. The method of claim 1, And storing the position information of the defect block in which data is recorded in the step of storing the position information of the defect block in a defect data storage unit (SDL). The method of claim 3, wherein The defective data storage unit (SDL) A method for managing a defective area during data recording / reproducing, characterized in that it stores only position information of a block in which a defect has occurred, does not store information of a replacement block, and sets FRM information to one. The method of claim 1, And the data is read from the defective block when data is reproduced after the recording is completed after the checking, recording, and storing steps are repeatedly performed. The method of claim 1, And repeating the checking, recording, and storing steps to record data in the next normal block without recording data in the defective block in the data re-write after the recording is completed. In a defect area management method in real time recording / reproducing, which records and reproduces data in real time, If a defective block is found during data recording, checking whether the defective block is not registered in the defective data storage unit (SDL); If it is determined in the step that the defective block is not registered in the defective data storage unit (SDL), recording the data in the defective block; Storing the location information of the defective block in a defect data storage unit (SDL); If it is determined in this step that the defect block is registered in the defective data storage unit SDL, the defect block includes skipping and recording data in the next normal block. Zone management method. The method of claim 7, wherein And a defect block not registered in the defective data storage unit (SDL) is a block of a sector in which an error occurs in a physical identification number (PID). In a defect area management method in real time recording / reproducing, which records and reproduces data in real time, Determining whether the defective block is found in the defective data storage unit (SDL) when a defective block is found during data recording; Determining an error size of the defective block if it is determined that the defective block is not registered in the defective data storage unit (SDL); If it is determined that the determined error size is smaller than the reference value N, recording the data as it is into the defective block; If it is determined that the determined error magnitude is greater than or equal to the reference value (N), skipping the defective block and writing data to the next normal block instead, wherein the defective area management is performed during data recording / reproducing. Way. The method of claim 9, The error size determination step A method for managing a defective area during data recording / reproducing, characterized by determining using a physical identification number (PID) error sector number. The method of claim 9, The error size determination step A method for managing a defective area during data recording / reproducing, characterized in that it is determined using the number of ECC error rows. The method of claim 9, And a reference value (N) compared with the error magnitude is variable. The method of claim 9, The step of writing data in the defective block as it is And storing the positional information of the defective block in which the data is recorded. The method of claim 9, Skipping the defective block And storing the positional information of the skipped defect block. The method according to claim 13 or 14, And the position information of the defect block is recorded in a defect data storage section (SDL). The method according to claim 13 or 14, And the position information of the defect block in which the data is recorded and the position information of the defect block for skipping data are stored in a defect data storage unit (SDL) so as to be distinguished from each other. The method of claim 14, And a defect data storing unit (SDL) storing positional information of the skipped defective block, indicating that the defective block has been skipped. The method of claim 9, The defect block registration, error size determination, recording, and skipping steps are repeatedly performed. When data is reproduced after recording is completed, data is read and skipped from the defective block in which data is recorded using the defective data storage unit SDL. The defect area management method at the time of data recording / reproducing, characterized in that data is not read from one defect block. The method of claim 9, When the defective block registration, error size determination, recording, and skipping steps are repeatedly performed, recording is completed and data is recorded in the next normal block without recording data in the defective block in data re-proxying. How to manage defect areas. A method for managing a defective area when recording or reproducing data, Recording or reproducing data from the defective block with respect to the found defective block in real time recording or reproduction; During non-real time recording or reproducing, recording or reproducing the data from or replacing the defective block with respect to the found defective block. How to manage defective areas. 21. The method as claimed in claim 20, further comprising storing position information of the defective block if the defective block is a newly found defective block. 22. The method of claim 21, wherein the location information of the defect block is stored in a secondary defect list. 23. The method of claim 22, further comprising recording information that the defective block is not replaced by a replacement block for replacing the defective block when the defective block is found during real time data recording or reproduction. How to manage defective areas during playback. 23. The method of claim 22, further comprising recording position information of a replacement block together with position information of the defective block when the defective block is found during non-real-time data recording or reproduction. How to manage defective areas during playback. 25. The method of claim 24, further comprising recording information indicating that the defective block has been replaced with a replacement block. A method for managing a defective area when recording or reproducing data, In real time recording or reproducing, step 1 of recording data into or reproducing data from the defective block with respect to the found defective block; And storing the position information of the found defective block. 2. 27. The method of claim 26, wherein the location information is stored in a secondary defect list. 27. The method of claim 26, wherein the step 2 includes recording information indicating that a replacement operation for replacing the defective block has not been performed. A method for managing a defective area when recording or reproducing data, A step 1 of judging whether or not a defect block found in data recording or reproduction is registered in a defect management list; If it is determined that the defective block is not registered in the first step, recording the data in the defective block or reproducing the data from the defective block; And storing the position information of the defect block in the defect management list. 30. The method of claim 29, further comprising recording information indicating that the defective block has not been replaced with a replacement block. 30. The defect area management of data recording or reproducing according to claim 29, further comprising the step of recording the data in the normal block following the defective block without recording the data in the defective block after rewriting the data. Way. 30. The data recording or reproducing method of claim 29, further comprising recording data to or reproducing data from the normal block after the defective block if the defective block is registered. Territory management method. 30. The method of claim 29, wherein the defect management list is a secondary defect list. A method for managing a defective area when recording or reproducing data, When recording or reproducing data, a replacement operation is performed to replace a defective block found according to the type of data to be recorded or reproduced with a replacement block, or the data is recorded as it is on the defective block without replacing the replacement block. To do that, And recording position information on the found defective block. 35. The method of claim 34, further comprising recording information indicating that the defective block has not been replaced with a replacement block. A method for managing a defective area when recording or reproducing data, When recording or reproducing data, if the data to be recorded or reproduced is data requiring real time, without performing a substitute operation for replacing with a substitute block, recording the data as it is on the defective block; And recording or modifying information indicating that the defective block has not been replaced by a replacement block. A data area for recording or reproducing data; A defect management area including defect management information for managing a defect area on the data area; A free area for replacing the defective area, In real time recording or reproducing, data is recorded in the defective block or data is reproduced from the defective block for the found defective block; And non-real time recording or reproducing, recording the data in or reproducing data from the substitutive block for substituting the defective block with respect to a defective block found. 38. The information recording medium according to claim 37, wherein when the defect block is a newly found defect block, position information of the defect block is recorded in defect management information of the defect management area. The information recording medium according to claim 38, wherein the location information of the defect block is stored in a secondary defect list of the defect management information. 40. The information recording medium according to claim 39, wherein when the defective block is found during real-time data recording or reproduction, information that is not replaced by a replacement block for replacing the defective block is recorded on the defect management area. . 40. The information recording medium according to claim 39, wherein when the defective block is found during non-real-time data recording or reproduction, the positional information of the replacement block is recorded together with the positional information of the defective block. The information recording medium according to claim 41, wherein information indicating that the defective block has been replaced by a replacement block is recorded on the defect management area. A data area for recording or reproducing data; A defect management area including defect management information for managing a defect area on the data area; A free area for replacing the defective area, In the case of recording or reproducing data, if it is determined that a defect block found is a defect block not registered on the defect management information, data is recorded in the defect block or data is reproduced from the defect block and the position information of the defect block is read. And an information recording medium storing the defect management information in a list. A data area for recording or reproducing data; A defect management area including defect management information for managing a defect area on the data area; A free area for replacing the defective area, When recording or reproducing data, according to the type of data to be recorded or reproduced, a replacement operation for replacing a defective block found with a replacement block or replacing the replacement block with the replacement block is performed without changing the data on the defective block. And record position information of the found defective block in the defect management information. 45. The information recording medium according to claim 44, wherein when the type of data is real time data, data is recorded on the defective block as it is or is reproduced from the defective block without being replaced by the replacement block. 46. The information recording medium according to claim 45, wherein the information recording medium is recorded or modified to indicate that the replacement block has not been replaced. The information recording medium according to claim 44, wherein when the type of the data is non-real-time data, data is recorded by replacing the replacement block or data is reproduced from the replacement block.