KR100418871B1 - Method for real time recording/playback and file managemant of optical recording medium - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a real-time recording / playback and file management method of a rewritable optical recording medium. In particular, when data for real-time occurs, the host first sends a signal to the optical disc recording device to send information of a defective area before generating a recording command. When the information on the defective area is returned from the optical disc recording apparatus, the host issues a recording command to record the data so that data is not recorded in the defective region, and if only the optical disc recording apparatus is present, the microcomputer of the optical disc recording apparatus By controlling data not to be recorded in the defective area, the file system is managed by being separated by the defective block so that the actual size of the file and the size of the recorded file do not change or LSN mismatch occurs during real time recording. In addition, since the defective area remains as a blank area that has the LSN and is not recorded in the ICB, it can be used during recording by the following linear replacement method, thereby improving the use efficiency of the disc.

Description

Method for real time recording / playback and file managemant of optical recording medium}

The present invention relates to a rewritable optical recording medium system, and more particularly, to a method for recording and reproducing data requiring real time recording in real time and a file management method at this time.

In general, optical recording media are classified into three types, such as read-only ROM, write-once worm type, and rewritable rewritable type. Lose.

The ROM type optical recording medium may include a compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM) and a digital versatile disc read only memory (DVD-ROM), and a worm type optical recording medium may be written once. Recordable Compact Discs (CD-Rs) and Recordable Digital Versatile Discs (DVD-Rs).

In addition, freely rewritable discs include a rewritable compact disc (CD-RW) and a rewritable digital versatile disc (DVD-RW).

On the other hand, in the case of a rewritable optical recording medium, the recording / reproducing operation of information is repeatedly performed due to the use characteristics thereof, so that the mixing ratio of the mixture constituting the recording layer formed for recording information on the optical recording medium is initially mixed. It becomes different from the ratio and loses its characteristics, resulting in an error in recording / reproducing information.

This phenomenon is called deterioration, and the deteriorated area appears as a defect area when the format, recording, and reproducing command of the optical recording medium is executed.

In addition to the deterioration phenomenon, defect areas of the rewritable optical recording medium may be generated due to scratches on the surface, dust such as dust, errors in production, and the like.

Therefore, in order to prevent data from being recorded / reproduced in the defect area formed due to the above reasons, it is necessary to manage the defect area.

To this end, as shown in FIG. 1, a defect management area (hereinafter referred to as a DMA) is provided in a lead-in area and a lead-out area of the optical recording medium. The defect area of the optical recording medium is managed. The data area is divided and managed by groups, and each group is divided into a user area in which actual data is recorded and a spare area for use when a defect occurs in the user area.

In general, four DMAs exist in one disk, two DMAs exist in the lead-in area, and the other two DMAs exist in the lead-out area.

Here, each DMA is composed of two blocks, and has a total of 32 sectors. The first block (called a DDS / PDL block) of each DMA includes a DiscDefinition Structure (DDS) and a Primary Defect List (PDL), and the second block (called an SDL block) of each DMA is a SDL (Secondary Defect). List).

In this case, PDL means main defect data storage, and SDL means defect data storage.

In general, the PDL stores entries created during the disc creation process and entries of all defective sectors identified during formatting, ie, initializing and re-initializing the disc. Here, each entry is composed of an entry type and a sector number corresponding to a defective sector.

On the other hand, the SDL is listed in units of blocks, and stores entries of defective areas that occur after the format or defective areas that cannot be stored in the PDL during the format. Each SDL entry consists of an area storing the sector number of the first sector of the block in which the defective sector has occurred and an area storing the sector number of the first sector of the replacement block to replace it. In addition, one bit is allocated to each entry for Forced Reassignment Marking (FRM). If the value is 0b, the replacement block is assigned and there is no defect in the replacement block. 1b means that no replacement block is allocated or the allocated replacement block is defective.

Therefore, defective areas (i.e., defective sectors or defective blocks) in the data area are replaced with normal areas, which are usually a slipping replacement method and a linear replacement method.

The sleeping replacement method is applied when a defective area is registered in the PDL. If a defective sector listed in the PDL exists in a user area in which actual data is recorded, as shown in FIG. The sector is skipped and instead replaced by the normal sector following the defective sector to record the data. Therefore, the user area in which data is recorded occupies a spare area as much as the defective sector skipped and eventually skipped.

In addition, the linear replacement method is applied when a defective area is registered in the SDL. If a defective block listed in the SDL exists in the user area or the spare area as shown in FIG. 2B, the linear replacement method is applied to the spare area. Data is recorded by being replaced with a replacement area of the allocated block unit. At this time, the physical sector number (PSN) assigned to the defective block remains as it is, but the logical sector number (LSN) moves together with the data to the replacement block. This linear replacement method is effective when reading or writing data that does not require real time.

3 is a block diagram showing an example of a general optical disc recording apparatus, comprising: an optical pickup for recording and reproducing data on an optical disc, a pickup transfer unit for transferring the optical pickup, and a data processing unit for processing input data and transmitting the same to the optical pickup; , An interface, a microcomputer for controlling them, and the like, and a host is connected to an interface of the optical disc recording device so that commands and data are transmitted to each other. Here, the host is a kind of personal computer (PC), in which the optical disc recording apparatus is supported by the PC.

When data to be recorded in FIG. 3 configured as described above is generated, the host sends a recording command to the optical disc recording apparatus. The write command includes a Logical Block Address (LBA) designating a recording position and a transfer length indicating the size of the data. The host then sends the data to be recorded to the optical disc recording apparatus. When the data to be recorded on the optical disc is transmitted from the host, the optical disc recording apparatus starts recording from the designated LBA. At this time, the optical disc recording apparatus does not record data in the defective area by using PDL and SDL, which are information indicating a defect of the optical disc.

That is, the physical sector recorded in the PDL is skipped and the physical blocks recorded in the SDL (sblkA and sblkB) are replaced with a replacement block (as assigned to the spare area) as shown in FIG. 4A. sblkC, sblkD) will be recorded. In addition, if there is a defective block or a block having many errors that are not listed in the SDL during recording or reproduction, the block is regarded as a defective block, the replacement block of the spare area is found, the data of the defective block is rewritten, and the defective block is found. Register the first sector number of the first sector and the first sector number of the replacement block in the SDL entry.

In the case of File 1 of FIG. 4A, a part of an information control block (ICB) that records file information in a UDF (Universal Disc Format) file system, which indicates a file start position and size, is conceptually illustrated in FIG. 4B and FIG. Will be displayed as That is, file 1 starts from position A, and the defective block (sblkB) in file 1 is replaced by the replacement block (sblkD) of the spare area, so that the number of logical sectors in which file 1 is written does not change, so that file 1 is recorded. The size of the sector is N.

At this time, the defective block recorded in the SDL is replaced with a replacement block assigned to the spare area, and in order to record data, the optical pickup must be transferred to the spare area and then transferred back to the user area. do.

Therefore, the defect area management method for the case where real-time recording is needed, such as for A / V, has been recently discussed. When one of them uses SDL as shown in Fig. 4C, if a defective block is encountered, such as a slipping replacement method, without skipping, the skipping skips the defective block and writes data to the next normal block. ) Method is discussed. In this way, since the optical pickup does not have to be transported to the spare area each time it encounters a defective block, it is possible to reduce the moving time of the optical pickup and eliminate the obstacle of real time recording. At this time, the defective block retains the LSN and PSN. In other words, when viewed from the host side, the number of logical sectors of an optical disk is always fixed. When skipping, the LSN is given to the defective block without storing data in the defective block. From the host's point of view, this results in the loss of the LSN. For example, if a host transmits 100 sectors of data for recording, only 84 sectors (1 block = 16 sectors) can be recorded if there is one defective block in that area.

Therefore, if the file 1 of FIG. 4C is taken as an example, the file size of the file 1 may be represented as N or N-L in FIG. 4D in the ICB of the UDF file system. Here, L represents the number of defective sectors skipped in the area where file 1 is recorded. That is, referring to FIG. 4C, data of file 1 is recorded by M sectors from the position A, and when a defect block sblkB is found, the data is skipped and the data of file 1 is recorded again. At this time, since the defect block sblkB does not record the data but the LSN remains intact, the LSN of the defect block sblkB becomes unusable. In the end, the host issues a command to write data in N sectors, but the optical disk recording device In this case, data is written to only NL (L = 16) sectors.

Therefore, if the size of file 1 is indicated as N as shown in the first case of FIG. 4D, the file manager may have problems managing the file because the actual size of the file and the size of the recorded file are different. Marking NL causes a mismatch in the LSN. For example, if file 2 of FIG. 4C is deleted and file 3 is newly written, the file manager in the host issues a command to record data from the position CL (L is the number of sectors where defects are found). The data of the previously recorded file 1 is damaged.

That is, when recording real-time data by the above-described method, the file manager may manage the file incorrectly.

Also, in case of real time recording, the LSN of the defective area cannot use and record data as much as the unusable LSN, resulting in a decrease in disk size. This is because data is recorded by a write command sent from the host in predetermined units regardless of the presence or absence of defective blocks or defective sectors in the area where data is recorded.

The present invention is to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to return to the optical disk recording device after the first signal to send the information of the defective area when the host receives real-time data when the host is supported A real-time recording / reproducing method of an optical recording medium for generating a recording command by using information of a defect area is provided.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a real time recording / reproducing method of an optical recording medium in which an optical disc recording apparatus reads information on a defective area and records data except the defective area when real time data is generated when the host does not support the host. Is in.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a file management method of an optical recording medium which is separated by a defect block registered in an SDL and manages a file of real time data.

1 is a view showing a data area of a general optical disc

Figure 2a is a view showing a typical sleeping alternative method

Figure 2b is a view showing a general linear replacement method

3 is a block diagram of a general optical disc recording apparatus;

4A is a diagram illustrating a state in which data is written by a linear replacement method when using SDL in a general optical disc.

FIG. 4B conceptually illustrates the recording state of the UDF file system for file 1 of FIG. 4A

4C is a diagram illustrating a state in which data is recorded by a skipping method when using SDL in a general optical disk.

FIG. 4D conceptually shows the recording state of the UDF file system for file 1 of FIG. 4C

5 is a flowchart for performing a method of real time recording / reproducing and file management of an optical recording medium according to the present invention.

FIG. 6A is a diagram illustrating a state in which data is recorded by a real-time recording method in FIG. 5.

FIG. 6B conceptually illustrates the recording state of the UDF file system for file 1 of FIG. 6A;

In order to achieve the above object, a real time recording / reproducing method of an optical recording medium according to the present invention, when an optical disc recording apparatus is supported by a host, the host may provide information of a defective area when data to be recorded in real time occurs. Generating a control signal to be transmitted to the optical disc recording apparatus, and when the information of the defective area is returned in this step, generating a recording command so that no data is recorded in the defective area to record the optical disc together with real-time data. And transmitting to the device.

The information on the defect area returned to the host in the step is characterized in that the position information of the defect area registered in the PDL and the SDL or the position information of the defect block registered in the SDL.

In the above step, data is recorded as it is in the defect block not registered in the SDL.

In the file management method of the optical recording medium according to the present invention, when the optical disc recording apparatus is supported by the host, the host generates a control signal to send information of a defective area when data to be recorded in real time is generated, thereby generating the optical disc. Transmitting a recording command to the optical disc recording device together with real-time data so that data is not recorded in the defective area when the information of the defective area is returned. And recording the information on the file structure on the optical disk based on the information of the returned defective area when the recording is completed.

In the file management method of the optical recording medium according to the present invention, when the optical disc recording apparatus is not supported by a host (for example, a disc player), the optical disc recording apparatus generates a defective area when data to be recorded in real time is generated. Reading information; recording real-time data excluding the defective area read in the step; and optically recording information on a file configuration based on the information of the defective area when recording of the real-time data is completed. And recording on a medium.

The file structure (ICB) created for one file in this step is displayed separately by the returned defective area, and the defective area is not recorded in the ICB.

Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

5 is a flowchart for performing a method of real time recording / reproducing and file management of an optical recording medium according to the present invention. When a host generates data to be recorded in real time (step 501), before a recording command is generated, a disc is first displayed. A command to send information of the defective area of the image is sent to the optical disk recording apparatus (step 502).

The command to send the information of the defective area is a newly added command and may be configured similarly to the command type for returning PDL information or may be configured differently.

When a command to send information of the defective area is sent from the host, the optical disc recording apparatus returns the information of the defective area registered in the DMA to the host (step 503). Here, the information on the defect area returned to the host may be position information of a defect block and a defect sector registered in the SDL and the PDL, or may be position information of a defect block registered in the SDL. Referring to FIG. 6A, since the blocks sblkA and sblkB are defect blocks registered in the SDL, the microcomputer returns the position information of these defective blocks to the host.

At this time, the physical number (PSN) of the first sector of the defective block registered in the SDL can be converted into a logical sector number (LSN) and used as the location information of the defective blocks. In this case, the logical sector number (LSN) returned from the host is returned. 16 afterwards is regarded as a defective sector.

In addition, the optical disc recording apparatus can return the above-mentioned information on the defective area to the host even if the host transmits only a signal for real-time recording, not a command form.

The host generates a recording command by referring to the information of the returned defective area and the existing file configuration and transmits the recording command to the optical disk recording apparatus together with real-time data (steps 504 and 505). That is, the host generates a recording command so as not to record data in the defective area as well as the area registered in the existing file configuration.

For example, if the information on the defective area of the disc is returned to the host at the A position at the request of the host as shown in FIG. 6A, the host knows the defective area and, together with the write command to record data from A to M sectors, the corresponding data. Can be transferred to the optical disk recording apparatus. Then, the optical disc recording apparatus starts recording data from the A position designated by the recording command (step 506). At this time, if a defective block that is not registered in the SDL but has a large number of error sources is encountered, for example, when the hatched block shown in Fig. 6A is encountered, the data is written to the block as it is.

If data is recorded during M sectors by this process, the microcomputer terminates the write command (step 507) and sends a command performance report to the host (step 508). In this case, it returns good states to the host indicating that there is no problem.

If a defect block that is not registered in the SDL but has a large number of error-prone blocks, particularly a block having a PID (physical identification) error, is encountered, it is possible to skip without writing data in the block if there is enough time to construct a new ECC block. have. At this time, ECC is newly applied so that the LSN coincides with each other. Then, the skipped block information is transmitted to the host for file configuration.

On the other hand, if the user's request or recording of a file is not completed, the host generates a write command again. Since the host knows the information of the defect blocks (sblkA, sblkB) registered in the SDL, the defect blocks (sblkA, In sblkB), a write command is issued so as not to record data. For example, except for the defective block sblkA, a write command for recording data from the D position to the P sector can be generated and transmitted with the corresponding data. Here, the write command may be a command to record data from the D position to the sector P, but may be an empty area in the existing file configuration. Such a write command excludes the defective area from the data recording, so that the write command is written to the defective area. Divided by

Since the host may transmit the recording command several times for one file, the host may maintain compatibility with the existing system even when the recording command is divided by the defective area as described above.

Whenever the recording command is completed by the above process, the microcomputer sends a command execution report to the host, and since the recording command has already been transmitted from the host except for the defective area, good states are usually sent to the host. Is returned.

When the recording is completed by this process (step 509), the host records the ICB indicating the file start position and file size in the UDF file system on the optical disk based on the returned position information of the defective areas on the optical disk as shown in FIG. 6B. (Step 510).

That is, for a file, the file size is indicated as N or NL without considering the defective area in the related art, but in the present invention, if there is a defective block registered in the SDL, the number of sectors representing the file size is separated and recorded by the defective block. do. In addition, if there are no defect blocks registered in the SDL in two or more consecutive write commands, the two or more write commands are regarded as being successive, and the number of sectors in the write commands is added and recorded. This corresponds to the R and S sector sections.

That is, if file 1 of FIG. 6A is taken as an example, the ICB of file 1 has a file start position A, a file size M, a file start position D, a file size P, and a file start position E and a file. The size is divided into Q + R + S.

6B, it can be seen that the defective areas sblkA and sblkB existing in the recording area of the file 1 are not recorded in the ICB. Thus, the defective area prevents the file size from being changed from the actual size of the file and the size of the recorded file, or the LSN mismatch, which prevents the file manager from mismanaging the file.

It also maintains compatibility with existing UDF file systems. In other words, even in a normal case, one file is not continuously recorded on the disk, but is recorded while moving to an empty area. At this time, the ICB is created separately for one file. That is, according to the present invention, since the defective area is skipped by moving and the ICB is created, there is no conflict with the existing file system.

In addition, since the defective area is a blank area in which the LSN is provided as it is and is not recorded in the ICB, it can be used later for recording by the linear replacement method. That is, the linear replacement method replaces the defective block with the replacement block of the spare area and records data. Therefore, the linear replacement method can use all the user areas of the disk, thereby increasing the use efficiency of the disk.

Up to now, both the host and the optical disc recording apparatus coexist, and if there is no host and only the optical disc recording apparatus, for example, a disc player, everything is directly controlled by the microcomputer of the optical disc recording apparatus. That is, since the microcomputer resides in the optical disk recording apparatus, the information on the defective area recorded in the DMA can be known. Therefore, during real-time recording, the microcomputer reads the information on the defect area and the information on the existing file configuration and issues a command not to record the data in the defect region as well as the region registered in the existing file configuration. Here, the command may be different from the command transmitted from the host.

In addition, the ICB is also created by the microcomputer, and as shown in FIG. 6B, the number of sectors representing the file size is separated and recorded by a defective block, and if no defect blocks registered in the SDL exist in two or more consecutive write commands, 2 One or more write commands are considered to be contiguous and the number of sectors in the write commands is added and written.

On the other hand, even when the optical disc recorded in the above-described manner is reproduced, the host or disc player reads the file structure and issues a reproduction command, so that data is not read from the defective area registered in the DMA.

As described above, according to the method of real-time recording / reproducing and file management of the optical recording medium according to the present invention, when real-time data is generated in the case of support from the host, the host first checks the information of the defective area before generating a recording command. Send a signal to send to the optical disc recording apparatus, and when the information in the defective area is returned from the optical disc recording apparatus, a recording command is issued to control the recording of the data so that data is not recorded in the defective region, and only the optical disc recording apparatus is provided. In this case, the microcomputer of the optical disc recording apparatus controls the data not to be recorded in the defective area, and the file system is separated and managed by the defective block so that the actual size of the file and the size of the recorded file can be No change or LSN mismatch occurs. In addition, since the defective area remains as a blank area that has the LSN and is not recorded in the ICB, it can be used during recording by the following linear replacement method, thereby improving the use efficiency of the disc.

Claims (14)

A method of recording data on an optical recording medium, comprising: a control unit for transmitting the data to be recorded together with a recording command when the data to be recorded is generated; and an optical recording medium recording apparatus for recording the data transmitted from the control unit on the optical recording medium according to the recording command. To Generating data to be recorded in real time and transmitting a control signal for transmitting information on the defective area to the optical recording medium recording apparatus; When the information of the defective area is returned in the step, generating a recording command so that data is not recorded in the defective area and transmitting the data to the optical recording medium recording apparatus together with the real-time data. Real time recording / playback method. 2. The optical recording as claimed in claim 1, wherein the information on the defect area returned to the control unit in the step is position information on the defect area registered in the main defect data storage unit PDL and the defect data storage unit SDL. Real time recording / playback of media. The method according to claim 1, wherein the information of the defect area returned to the controller in the step is position information of a defect block registered in the defect data storage (SDL). 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the information of the defective area returned to the controller in the step is a sector number of the first sector of each defective block. 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the defective block returned to the controller in the step has a logical sector number as it is. The real-time recording / reproducing method of an optical recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the data is recorded as it is in the defect block not registered in the defective data storage unit (SDL). A control unit which transmits the data to be recorded together with a recording command when the data is to be recorded, and an optical recording medium recording device which records the data transmitted from the control unit on the optical recording medium according to the recording command. In how to manage, Generating data to be recorded in real time and transmitting a control signal for transmitting information on the defective area to the optical recording medium recording apparatus; In this step, when the information on the defect area is returned, generating a recording command so that data is not recorded in the defect area and transmitting the recording command to the optical recording medium recording apparatus together with the data for real time; And recording information on the file structure on the optical recording medium on the basis of the information on the defect area. 8. The optical record carrier as claimed in claim 7, wherein the file structure (ICB) created for one file in the step is displayed separately by the returned defective area, and the defective area is not recorded in the ICB. How to manage your files. In the file management method in the optical recording medium recording apparatus for recording the data to be recorded on the optical recording medium, Reading data in the defect area when data to be recorded in real time occurs; Recording real-time data except for the defective area read in the step; And recording the information on the file structure on the optical recording medium based on the information of the defective area when the recording of the real-time data is completed. 10. The optical recording medium according to claim 9, wherein the file structure (ICB) created for one file in the step is displayed separately by the read defective area, and the defective area is not recorded in the ICB. How to manage your files. In a file management method in an optical recording medium recording / reproducing apparatus that reads out data from an optical recording medium when data to be reproduced is generated, Reading data of defect area and file configuration information when data to be played in real time occurs, On the basis of the defective area information and the file configuration information read in the step, except for the defective area is made, including the step of reproducing the data for real time, The file configuration (ICB) information is displayed separately by the defective area, and the defective area is not recorded in the file configuration information (ICB). 12. The file management method of claim 11, wherein the specific area to be reproduced includes a defective area, and is recorded in the defective area as it is during previous data recording. An optical recording medium having a data recording area and a defect management area for managing a defective area on the data recording area, When real time data is recorded, there is an area in which file information is formed based on defect block position information recorded on the defect management area, and the file information is separated from the defect block without including the defect block. Optical recording medium, characterized in that configured. The optical recording medium according to claim 13, wherein an area in which data is recorded as it is on a defect area existing in the data recording area.