KR100517590B1 - System and method for processing three dimension data and recording medium having program for three dimension data processing function - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a three-dimensional data processing system for generating and visually displaying three-dimensional map data in real time using a two-dimensional graphics acceleration function, a method and a recording medium containing a program having a three-dimensional data processing function.

To this end, the present invention in the three-dimensional data processing system having a three-dimensional map search service function for updating and displaying the three-dimensional map image in real time, generating the three-dimensional map data by applying the height data to the two-dimensional map data Three-dimensional map generation means for projecting, projection conversion means for projecting the three-dimensional map data generated by the three-dimensional map generation means onto the virtual display screen by a virtual camera model, and projected map data from the virtual camera. Data alignment means for performing depth alignment process to align from the far side, and hardware acceleration process by 2D graphic accelerator to draw for clipping 3D image of 2D graphic object and clipping of map image beyond display screen Two-dimensional acceleration processing means to perform, and drawing and clicking by two-dimensional acceleration processing Characterized in that it comprises a screen output means for displaying the three-dimensional map image on which the ping is performed.

Description

System and method for processing three dimension data and recording medium having program for three dimension data processing function}

The present invention relates to a recording medium in which a three-dimensional data processing system, a method thereof, and a program having a three-dimensional data processing function are recorded. More specifically, the present invention relates to a three-dimensional map data. The present invention relates to a recording medium containing a dimensional data processing system, a method thereof, and a program having a three dimensional data processing function.

As is well known, in the case of a small portable digital device such as a personal communication system (PCS) or a personal digital assistant (PDA) or an automatic navigation device mounted on a mobile vehicle such as a car navigation system (CNS), the development of computer manufacturing technology As miniaturization and portability are enhanced, real-time navigation is provided by receiving location information from a GPS (Global Positioning System) satellite, tracking the location where the user is moving, and visually notifying it in the form of a map image. Map search service function to enable navigation is applied.

In order to implement such a map service function, drawing a large amount of two-dimensional objects (that is, lines, triangles, squares, polygons, etc.) constituting the map in order to represent the map image in the form of graphics, The map image must be visualized in real time.

In other words, the polygon as a component for visualizing such a map image should be defined as a plan type consisting of line segments composed of a plurality of points of objects such as a building, a shopping mall, and a lake, and roads, administrative boundaries, and rivers are represented by lines. In order to display each 2D graphic object on the display screen, color must be specified in pixel units, but it is difficult to display the map data in real time because the performance of the central computing device and the graphic computing device is relatively low. have.

This is because the map service function must continuously update and display the map image appearing on the display screen whenever the user changes the current location. However, since the execution time of the algorithm for drawing the lines and polygons constituting the map image is required separately. Real-time map image updates are not available.

In order to solve such a problem, recently, a two-dimensional acceleration chip for improving the output speed of a display screen is applied to a portable digital device or an automatic navigation device of a vehicle. Such a two-dimensional acceleration chip is a two-dimensional device such as a line or a polygon. It is responsible for drawing graphic objects pixel by pixel to improve the output speed of the screen.

On the other hand, in order to obtain the information on the route to the destination in detail by grasping the user's current location and destination in three dimensions through the map image, a map search service function that provides a three-dimensional three-dimensional map is needed. When the user walks or uses a vehicle, the three-dimensional shape and layout of surrounding buildings and terrain, and the three-dimensional real-time display of the shortest path from the starting point to the destination are more specific. It is to be made.

To do this, a hardware 3D graphics acceleration chip for real-time three-dimensional maps using 3D graphics processing function must be applied. In FIG. 1, 3D graphics support library SGI's OpenGL or Microsoft's DirectX are adopted. Data processing in a three-dimensional rendering pipeline.

That is, FIG. 1 is a flowchart for explaining a data processing process of a 3D rendering pipeline for a conventional 3D graphics acceleration. According to FIG. 1, 3D geometric primitives include a 3D vertex and a 3D geometric primitive. It means a line composed of three-dimensional vertices, a polygon, etc., and is input to a three-dimensional rendering pipeline, and three-dimensional geometric prototypes exist on a reference three-dimensional world coordinate system.

First, the three-dimensional geometric prototypes perform modeling transformations to effect rotation, movement, and reduction of the three-dimensional model (step S10), and lighting effects such as physical reflection and refraction of light on the three-dimensional model. A light source for giving a light is applied (step S11).

Next, a view conversion step of converting a 3D model located in a 3D world coordinate system into a 3D camera coordinate system based on the camera is performed (step S12), and the generated property of the camera is generated. A clipping step is performed to remove geometric prototypes of the three-dimensional model existing outside the view volume (step S13).

In that state, the clipped geometric primitives perform a projection transformation that converts them to a two-dimensional camera coordinate system (step S14), and Z occludes the occlusion relationship between the geometric primitives to draw the inside of the three-dimensional geometric primitives in pixels. The scan algorithm undergoes a scan conversion that is reflected as a result image (step S15), and the screen output is performed as an image through the scan conversion process (step S16).

In the scan conversion process, since a considerable time is required due to the pixel-by-pixel scanning, a separate hardware accelerator must be applied.

However, in order to implement a map image in three dimensions in a map search service function applied to a conventional portable digital device or an auto navigation device of a vehicle, a long time data conversion process by scanning a pixel unit is performed to update and display a map in real time. Since this requires a separate hardware accelerator for 3D graphics processing, there is a problem that the manufacturing cost of the hardware device increases.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional situation, and an object thereof is to provide a three-dimensional data processing system and method and method for visually generating and displaying three-dimensional map data in real time using a two-dimensional graphics acceleration function. To provide a recording medium containing a program having a three-dimensional data processing function.

Another object of the present invention is a three-dimensional data processing system, a method and a three-dimensional data processing system that enables a three-dimensional rendering pipeline through processing of lines and polygons by two-dimensional acceleration without providing a separate hardware accelerator. To provide a recording medium containing a program having a data processing function.

According to the system of the present invention for achieving the above object, in the three-dimensional data processing system having a three-dimensional map search service function for updating and displaying the three-dimensional map image in real time, the height data for the two-dimensional map data Three-dimensional map generation means for generating three-dimensional map data by applying a projection projection means for projecting the three-dimensional map data generated by the three-dimensional map generation means on a virtual display screen by a virtual camera model Data alignment means for performing depth alignment to align the projected map data from the far side of the virtual camera, and drawing and display for 3D image conversion of 2D graphic object through hardware acceleration processing by 2D graphic accelerator Two-dimensional acceleration processing means for performing clipping on the map image off the screen, and 2 Provided is a three-dimensional data processing system comprising a screen output means for displaying the three-dimensional map image is drawn and clipped by the dimensional acceleration process.

According to the method of the present invention to achieve the above object, in the three-dimensional data processing method having a three-dimensional map search service function for updating and displaying the three-dimensional map image in real time, receiving two-dimensional map data input Performing 3D map data transformation on the building object included in the 2D map data, projecting the 3D data converted map data onto a virtual display screen by a virtual camera model, and projecting map Aligning the depth of the data from the far side of the virtual camera, drawing for 3D display of the 2D graphic object through the hardware acceleration processing of the 2D graphic, and clipping the map image off the display screen; Table 3D map image is drawn and clipped by the two-dimensional acceleration process It provides three-dimensional data processing method characterized by comprising displaying on a screen.

According to the recording medium containing the program of the present invention to achieve the above object, in the recording medium containing a program having a three-dimensional map search service function for updating and displaying the three-dimensional map image in real time, the two-dimensional map A function of receiving data and converting 3D map data of a building object included in the 2D map data, and projecting the 3D data converted map data onto a virtual display screen by a virtual camera model. Function to align the depth of the projected map data from the far side of the virtual camera, and to draw the 2D graphic object for 3D display and clipping the map image beyond the display screen through hardware acceleration processing of the 2D graphic. Function and drawing and clipping by the two-dimensional acceleration process With the three-dimensional data processing, characterized in that with a function of displaying the issued three-dimensional map image on the display screen, the program provides the recorded recording medium.

Hereinafter, the present invention configured as described above will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the three-dimensional data processing system according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 2, the three-dimensional data processing system according to the present invention includes a three-dimensional map generation unit 20, a projection conversion unit 30, a data alignment unit 40, and a two-dimensional graphics accelerator 50. , A two-dimensional acceleration processor 60, and a screen output unit 70.

The 3D map generation unit 20 is for converting the 3D map data by applying height information to the 2D map data 10 provided from a separate 2D map database, which is a 2D data conversion unit ( 22) and a three-dimensional data extraction section 24.

As shown in FIG. 2, the two-dimensional map data 10 includes road elements 82, terrain elements such as river elements 84, residential land elements 86, building elements 88, and the like. It is composed of natural boundary elements such as boundary, lake, river, etc. Among these topographical elements and natural boundary elements, the residential land element 86 and the building element 88 are represented by polygon, and the river element 84 or the road element 82 Other components such as) are intended to be represented by line segments.

The two-dimensional data conversion unit 22 constituting the three-dimensional map generation unit 20 is a component that can be represented as a line segment in the two-dimensional map data 10, such as a road element 82 or a river element 84, etc. Is converted to the bottom element whose height is "0" by performing data conversion with Z value as "0".

The three-dimensional data extractor 24 converts data by applying height data to components defined as polygons, such as the housing element 86 or the building element 88, and the three-dimensional data extractor 24. The ceiling polygon generating unit 26 constituting) receives the two-dimensional building object and the height data of the two-dimensional map data 10 and generates a polygon of the ceiling part of the building to generate an object of the three-dimensional building. The quadrangle polygon generator 28 generates a new line segment having the input height data as a Z-axis value, and creates a quadrangle polygon by arranging vertices in a counterclockwise direction to generate a side surface of the building.

4A to 4D are views illustrating a state in which two-dimensional map data is converted into a three-dimensional map according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. If the two-dimensional map data having the topographical element is present, as shown in FIG. 4B, the two-dimensional map data is converted into three-dimensional data having a height of "0" and positioned on the ground surface.

In this state, as shown in FIG. 4C, polygons for building elements are found in map data converted to 3D data having a height of "0" and converted into three-dimensional buildings by specifying a constant height value, as shown in FIG. 4D. As described above, colors are assigned to the elements of the map data, and textures are assigned to the buildings, which are processed by the two-dimensional acceleration processor 60.

On the other hand, the process of generating the rectangular polygon by forming the side surface of the building in the rectangular polygon generating unit 28, as shown in Figure 5, vertices a1, a2, a3 constituting the building polygon extracted from the two-dimensional map data Given a height (h) for, a4, a5, a6, the vertex b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6 of the new three-dimensional polygon that corresponds to the ceiling of the building is determined by the Z-axis value of the two-dimensional building polygon. Is set to h, and the height (h) is set to the value of the Z axis for a line segment whose height is "0" (ie, line segment a1 a2, line segment a2 a3, line segment a3 a4, line segment a4 a5, line segment a5 a6). Create a pair of segments (i.e., line segment b1 b2, line segment b2 b3, line segment b3 b4, line segment b4 b5, line segment b5 b6), and then create four pairs of vertices By arranging a2, b1, and b2 counterclockwise, a square polygon corresponding to the side of the building is generated.

In FIG. 2, the projection conversion unit 30 is for projecting the 3D map data generated by the 3D map generation unit 20 onto a virtual screen by a camera model located in a 3D virtual space.

The data aligning unit 40 performs a depth alignment process of aligning the map data projected through the projection converting unit 30 in order from the far side from the virtual camera.

Here, the components of the map except for the building transformed by the two-dimensional data converter 22 of the three-dimensional map generator 20 may be visualized as three-dimensional data through the three-dimensional data extractor 24. Visualization is preferentially performed compared to the components. The reason is that there is no blockage between components, so the depth alignment process is omitted to improve the rendering speed, and the virtualization of the three-dimensional world coordinate system is required to show the three-dimensional map. Cameras are always placed above the ground.

In addition, after the components of the map data are transformed, it is desirable to visualize them immediately after the three-dimensional transformation is performed in order to save memory space for storing the converted three-dimensional data.

The 2D acceleration processing unit 60 performs drawing and clipping of a 2D graphic object by using a hardware acceleration processing function of the 2D graphic accelerator 50.

6 is a diagram illustrating a state in which a three-dimensional building model generated according to a three-dimensional data transformation process is converted into a three-dimensional image to which textures are mapped, which is based on a three-dimensional world coordinate system. In this case, the polygons on the back of the virtual camera are removed by the back removal algorithm, and the polygons on the front are sorted in depth order based on the virtual camera through the data sorter 40 and stored in the list. By converting to a 3D camera coordinate system.

In this case, the depth of the front polygon is defined as the distance between the center of the polygon and the position of the virtual camera, and the building texture is coupled to the polygon of the building through hardware acceleration by the two-dimensional graphic accelerator 50. In order to be displayed on the display screen.

Meanwhile, in the clipping process of the 2D graphic object by the 2D acceleration processing unit 60, as shown in FIG. 7A, a view volume 92 determined based on the virtual camera 94 is set, and the view thereof is set. The volume 92 performs clipping of the plurality of three-dimensional building models 90a, 90b, and 90c.

That is, as shown in FIG. 7B, the building model 90c which is out of the area formed by the view volume 92 among the plurality of three-dimensional building models 90a, 90b and 90c for two-dimensional clipping using a hardware acceleration function. ) Is removed in advance to appear through the projection transformation, and as shown in FIG. 7C, hardware acceleration clipping of the entire image appearing on the display screen is performed.

In FIG. 2, the screen output unit 70 is for displaying in real time the 3D map data subjected to 2D acceleration processing and clipping by the 2D acceleration processing unit 60.

Next, the operation of the present invention made as described above will be described in detail with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 8.

First, when predetermined 2D map data 10 including a river element, a road element, an administrative area, and the like, including a building element is input (step S20), 2 of the 3D map generator 20 The dimensional data converter 22 extracts two-dimensional data of components such as river elements, administrative districts, and road elements except for building elements (step S22), and extracts two-dimensional data except for the extracted building elements. The data conversion is performed so that the value of the Z axis has "0" (step S23).

In this state, the three-dimensional data extractor 24 of the three-dimensional map generator 20 extracts the two-dimensional building object included in the two-dimensional map data 10 by the ceiling polygon generator 26. In order to convert the dimensional building object into a polygon of the ceiling of the building is generated (step S24), the square polygon generating unit 28 of the three-dimensional data extraction unit 24 of the two-dimensional map data extracted from the two-dimensional building data; The height data is applied to the polygons to generate pairs of the line segments forming the polygons of the bottom portion (step S25), while the line segments having the height value in the Z-axis are generated to generate the pairs respectively ( In step S26), four vertices of each paired polygon are arranged counterclockwise to generate a rectangular polygon (step S27).

Next, in the state where the virtual camera is set in the three-dimensional space (step S28), the projection conversion unit 30 performs a process of receiving the three-dimensional data and converting it into the projected two-dimensional graphic object (step S28). S29).

On the other hand, the data aligning unit 40 aligns the two-dimensional graphics objects subjected to the projection conversion from the far side based on the distance (that is, depth) of the virtual camera (step S30), the two-dimensional acceleration processing unit 60 The drawing function for the 2D graphic object is performed through the 2D graphic accelerator 50 (step S31).

In this state, the 2D acceleration processing unit 60 removes the building model of the 2D object located outside the display area of the display screen through hardware accelerated clipping (step S32).

Next, the 2D acceleration processing unit 60 determines whether the drawing and clipping processing for the 2D graphic object is completed (step S33), and the drawing and clipping processing for the 2D graphic object is completed. If it is determined that the 3D map image is displayed via the screen output unit 70 (step S34).

As described above, in the present invention, unlike the conventional three-dimensional rendering pipeline, two-dimensional clipping is performed instead of three-dimensional clipping from the virtual camera, and the drawing of the graphic object unit is not performed instead of the pixel-by-pixel rasterization method. On the other hand, it is to perform depth alignment instead of Z-buffering to reflect the blockage between objects. That is, in the present invention, a two-dimensional graphics acceleration function is used for graphic processing of a three-dimensional map image.

It is a matter of course that the present invention having the above-described embodiments can be variously modified and implemented without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention without departing from the embodiments.

As described above, the three-dimensional map image can be generated in real time using only the hardware acceleration processing function of the two-dimensional object with respect to the two-dimensional map data, thereby greatly increasing the speed of generating the three-dimensional graphic image. It is possible to improve, to realize the three-dimensional graphics without having a separate hardware three-dimensional graphics acceleration chip, it is possible to apply to a variety of small portable digital devices as well as without additional hardware cost There is a special effect that it is possible to provide a 3D map guidance service.

1 is a flowchart illustrating a data processing process of a 3D rendering pipeline for a conventional 3D graphics acceleration;

2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a three-dimensional data processing system according to the present invention;

3 is a diagram showing components of two-dimensional map data to be converted according to the present invention illustratively,

4A to 4D are views illustrating a state in which 2D map data is converted into a 3D map according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a diagram illustrating a process of generating a 3D building object from the 2D building object included in the 2D map data according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a diagram illustrating a state in which a three-dimensional building model generated according to the three-dimensional data transformation process of the present invention is converted into a three-dimensional image to which texture is mapped;

7A to 7C are diagrams illustrating a state where hardware accelerated clipping is performed based on a view volume according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

8 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the three-dimensional data processing method according to the present invention.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

20: three-dimensional map generation unit, 22: two-dimensional data conversion unit,

24: three-dimensional data extraction unit, 26: ceiling polygon generation unit,

28: square polygon generation unit, 30: projection conversion unit,

40: data alignment unit, 50: two-dimensional graphics accelerator,

60: two-dimensional acceleration processing section, 70: screen output section.

Claims (12)

In the three-dimensional data processing system having a three-dimensional map search service function for updating and displaying the three-dimensional map image in real time, Three-dimensional map generation means for generating three-dimensional map data by applying height data to the two-dimensional map data; Projection conversion means for projecting the 3D map data generated by the 3D map generation means onto a virtual display screen by a virtual camera model; Data alignment means for performing depth alignment processing to align the projected map data from a far side from the virtual camera, Two-dimensional acceleration processing means for performing a hardware acceleration process by the two-dimensional graphics accelerator to perform clipping for a map image outside of a drawing and display screen for converting a three-dimensional image of a two-dimensional graphic object; And a screen output means for displaying a three-dimensional map image on which a drawing and clipping by two-dimensional acceleration processing are performed. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional map generation means comprises: a two-dimensional data conversion unit for transforming the terrain element data other than the building data from the two-dimensional map data with a Z-axis value of "0"; 3D data processing system comprising a three-dimensional data extraction unit for converting the dimensional map data to the three-dimensional building data by applying the height data to the two-dimensional building object. The method of claim 2, wherein the three-dimensional data extracting unit is a ceiling polygon generating unit for generating a ceiling polygon of the building to create a three-dimensional building object from the two-dimensional building object, the pair of the floor polygon and the ceiling polygon of the building object And a quadrangle polygon generating unit which generates a quadrangle polygon for forming the side surface of the building by generating and arranging each vertex in a counterclockwise direction. 3. The three-dimensional data processing system of claim 2, wherein the three-dimensional map generating means is configured to visualize the remaining topographic components of the map other than the three-dimensional building data. The method of claim 1, wherein the projection conversion means removes the rear polygons from the polygons of the 3D building model so that the front polygons are extracted, and the data sorting means arranges the front polygons in a list in order of depth based on the virtual camera. 3D data processing system, characterized in that configured to store.  The 3D data processing system of claim 1, wherein the 2D acceleration processing means is configured to perform clipping on a 3D building model outside the view volume formed based on the virtual camera. In the three-dimensional data processing method having a three-dimensional map search service function for updating and displaying the three-dimensional map image in real time, Receiving 2D map data and performing 3D map data conversion on a building object included in the 2D map data; Projecting the 3D data converted map data onto a virtual display screen by a virtual camera model; Aligning the depth of the projected map data from the far side from the virtual camera, Performing a hardware acceleration process of the two-dimensional graphics to draw for the three-dimensional display of the two-dimensional graphics object and to clip the map image off the display screen; And displaying a three-dimensional map image on which a drawing and clipping by the two-dimensional acceleration process are performed on a display screen. The method of claim 7, wherein the performing of the 3D map data transformation on the building object included in the 2D map data comprises: Converting data by setting the Z axis to “0” for the remaining terrain elements except for the building object of the 2D map data; And converting data into three-dimensional building data by applying height data to the two-dimensional building object of the two-dimensional map data. The method of claim 8, wherein the step of applying the height data to the two-dimensional building object data conversion to three-dimensional building data, Generating a ceiling polygon for three-dimensional transformation of the two-dimensional building object of the two-dimensional map data; Generating a pair of line segments for the floor polygon of the two-dimensional building object; Generating a rectangular polygon corresponding to the side of the building by arranging four vertices constituting a line segment paired with the ceiling polygon generated by applying height data to the Z axis of the building object in a counterclockwise direction. Three-dimensional data processing method characterized in that made. The method of claim 7, wherein in the projecting the 3D data-converted map data onto a virtual display screen by a virtual camera model, the rear polygon of the building polygon is removed and only the front polygon is extracted based on the virtual camera. Will be In the step of sorting the depth of the projected map data from the far side from the virtual camera, the front polygon is sorted in depth order based on the virtual camera to store the list, In the step of performing a hardware acceleration process of the 2D graphics to draw a 3D display of a 2D graphic object and clipping a map image off the display screen, the building texture is coupled to the building polygon. 3D data processing method. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of performing clipping on the map image of the two-dimensional graphics object through hardware acceleration of the two-dimensional graphics, 3D data processing method characterized in that the clipping to the 3D building model outside the view volume formed on the basis of the virtual camera. In the recording medium containing a program having a three-dimensional map search service for displaying and updating the three-dimensional map image in real time, Receiving a two-dimensional map data and converting the three-dimensional map data for the building object contained in the two-dimensional map data, and A function of projecting the 3D data converted map data onto a virtual display screen by a virtual camera model; Function to align the depth of the projected map data from the far side from the virtual camera, A hardware acceleration process of 2D graphics to draw for 3D display of 2D graphics objects and to clip a map image off the display screen; And a program having a 3D data processing function, wherein the 3D map image on which a drawing and clipping is performed by the 2D acceleration process is displayed on a display screen.