KR100510796B1 - Equipment sensing system and equipment control device - Google Patents

Abstract

Data is transmitted to the main control device via detection means such as a temperature sensor, a switching element, etc. having a storage means having its own ID code, and transmission / reception means. After the instruction of the start of the detection operation, the main control apparatus has a waiting period between the reading instructions and receives a supply of power from the signal line held at high potential during the waiting period. This provides a device detection system capable of performing a reliable and quick detection operation, reducing costs, facilitating control, and simplifying wiring, and a device control device.

Description

EQUIPMENT SENSING SYSTEM AND EQUIPMENT CONTROL DEVICE}

The present invention is, for example, a device detection system for detecting a temperature state of a device such as an air conditioner or a cold storage such as a commercial / home refrigerator, a low-temperature showcase, a prefab refrigerator, a vending machine, and the like. An apparatus control apparatus.

Conventionally, for example, in a commercial refrigerator, a compressor, a condenser, a cooler, etc. constituting a cooling device are incorporated, or a compressor, a condenser is set aside, and the refrigerant discharged from the compressor is condensed with a condenser and decompressed by a decompression device. After that, it is supplied to a cooler to exert a cooling effect, and the cool air cooled by the cooler is circulated in a high temperature in a high temperature fan to cool down to a predetermined low temperature.

In addition, the frost formed on the cooler by the cooling operation is melted by a defroster (defrost heater), and the dew condensation attached by the cooling action is removed by a heater. On the other hand, a condenser fan is provided around the compressor and the condenser, and the condenser fan is configured to cool the condenser and the compressor.

In order to perform such various operation control, the refrigerator is equipped with the controller which consists of a microcomputer. In addition, various sensors for detecting the temperature of the inside of the refrigerator, the cooler, and the condenser are attached, and switches for controlling the operation of the attachment parts such as the compressor, the defroster, the furnace heater, and the inside of the refrigerator are also mounted. The controller controlled the operation of the attached parts by each switch.

However, in such a refrigerator, temperature sensors according to various applications such as control of a high internal temperature or protection of a compressor or a condenser are attached, and the number thereof varies depending on the model. In addition, since the number of fans and the number of condensation prevention heaters and the like also vary depending on the model, the configuration of the electric system wiring including the switches for controlling them and the control device for controlling them also vary. Therefore, especially in the equipment for work produced in small quantities of many types, productivity is remarkably reduced and improvement is calculated | required.

By the way, in the above apparatus, various components adhered by aged operation and operation deteriorate and a failure occurs. Therefore, maintenance checks (maintenance) are performed at the time of such a failure or on a regular basis (for business use), and at the time of repair, the maintenance of the trouble spot is carried out. It is easy to take measures.

In other words, for example, when a particular part is frequently replaced, it can be analyzed that the countermeasure and improvement of the part itself are necessary. Conventionally, as a similar measure, inspection labels and the like have been attached to the apparatus, and the date of inspection and the like has been written. However, the past maintenance contents have not been described. In addition, if such contents are written in such a label, there is a risk of causing unnecessary anxiety to the user.

In recent years, even in such a commercial refrigerator, a method of connecting a plurality of devices connected by signal lines and intensively controlling them by one controller has been sought and developed. In the case of performing such intensive control, the controller performs data communication to instruct each control terminal, i.e., the attachment parts of each refrigerator, and when the number of these refrigerators or the number of parts attached thereto increases, the controller communicates with the controller. This one takes a long time.

If the communication time of the controller becomes long in this way, for example, there is a problem that it is delayed when the setting or operation of a specific refrigerator is to be changed immediately.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is explanatory drawing of the store management system of the convenience store which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention.

2 is an explanatory diagram of a store apparatus monitoring system in a store management system.

3 is a block diagram of the electrical circuit of the controller.

4 is a block diagram of an electronic thermo unit.

5 is a block diagram of an electrical circuit of a thermostat chip.

6 is a block diagram of an electrical circuit of a temperature sensor.

7 is a block diagram of the electrical circuit of the converter.

8 is a block diagram of an electrical circuit of an I / O sensor unit.

9 is an electrical circuit diagram of an I / O sensor unit and a peripheral circuit.

10 is a block diagram of an electrical circuit of the counter sensor unit.

It is explanatory drawing which shows the ID code reading procedure of each temperature sensor, a counter sensor unit, etc. (terminal apparatus) by a controller.

12 is an explanatory diagram showing a procedure for collecting temperature data from a temperature sensor by a controller.

It is explanatory drawing which shows the collection procedure of the count data from the counter sensor unit by a controller.

14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a work refrigerator according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is an electrical system wiring diagram of the refrigerator shown in FIG. 14.

16 is a block diagram of an electrical circuit of a control box.

17 is a block diagram of an electrical circuit of a temperature sensor.

18 is a perspective view of a temperature sensor.

19 is a plan view of a state in which a temperature sensor is molded.

20 is a block diagram of an electric circuit of a switching element.

21 is an electric circuit diagram of a switching unit using a switching element.

It is a side view of the state which molded the temperature sensor.

It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which connected the control box of the several refrigerator provided with the personal computer by the communication line.

24 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a work refrigerator according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 25 is an electrical system wiring diagram of the refrigerator shown in FIG. 24.

26 is a block diagram of an electrical circuit of a control box.

27 is a block diagram of an electrical circuit of a temperature sensor.

28 is a block diagram of an electric circuit of a switching element.

29 is an electric circuit diagram of a switching unit using a switching element.

It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which connected the control box of the several refrigerator provided with the personal computer by the communication line.

Fig. 31 is a block diagram of the electric circuit of the storage device.

32 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a screen state of a display of a personal computer.

33 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a work refrigerator according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

34 is an explanatory diagram showing a plurality of refrigerators installed.

35 is a signal system wiring diagram of each refrigerator.

36 is a block diagram of an electrical circuit of a temperature sensor.

37 is a block diagram of an electric circuit of a switching element.

38 is an electric circuit diagram of a switching unit using a switching element.

39 is a block diagram of an electric circuit of the switching device.

Accordingly, it is a first object of the present invention to provide a device detection system capable of realizing a reliable and fast detection operation while achieving remarkable productivity and cost reduction by commonizing parts and simplifying wiring.

In addition, the second object of the present invention is to achieve significant productivity improvement and cost reduction by commonizing parts and simplifying wiring, and to easily grasp the maintenance history performed on the device, and to obtain the data. The present invention provides a device control device that can smoothly control a large number of sensors or switching elements by one main control means.

In order to achieve the first object, the present invention is constructed by a main control device and a sensor connected to a signal line, the sensor having a detection means, a storage means having its own ID code, and the main control via the signal line. Transmitting and receiving means for transmitting and receiving the device and data, and when receiving and instructing the start of the detecting operation from the main control apparatus by the transmitting and receiving means, performing the detecting operation by the detecting means and simultaneously reading from the main controlling apparatus. When the instruction is received, the terminal control means has a terminal side control means for transmitting the data detected by the detection means to the main control device by the transmission and reception means, and the main control device is configured to collect data for all the sensors to be collected. An instruction is given to start the detection operation, and then a predetermined waiting period is set. After the waiting period has elapsed, the ID code is designated and the image is designated. It provides a device detection system in which the read-out instruction for the sensor.

Moreover, in order to achieve the said 1st objective, this invention is comprised from the main control apparatus connected to a signal line, and several sensor, and each sensor has a detection means, the storage means which has its ID code, and the said signal line. Transmitting / receiving means for transmitting and receiving data to and from the main control apparatus via the main control apparatus, and when receiving and instructing the start of the detecting operation from the main control apparatus by the transmitting / receiving means, the detecting operation by the detecting means is executed, When a reading instruction is received from the control device, the main control device has a terminal side control means for transmitting the data detected by the detection means to the main control device by the transmission and reception means, and the main control device includes a plurality of connected to the signal line. The sensor is instructed to start detecting operation, and after the waiting period has elapsed after a predetermined waiting period, the ID code is designated. Provided is a device detection system for reading instructions for each of the above sensors.

Moreover, in order to achieve the said 2nd objective, this invention is equipped with the signal line wired to an apparatus, the main control means connected to this signal line, and the sensor connected to the said signal line, This sensor is a detection element, Storage means having its own ID code, transmission / reception means for receiving data from the main control means via the signal line, data detected by the detection element, received in the storage means, and written into the storage means. There is provided a device control apparatus including a sensor side control means for transmitting data in the storage means to the main control means.

Moreover, in order to achieve the said 2nd objective, this invention is equipped with the signal line wired to an apparatus, the main control means connected to this signal line, and the switching element connected to the signal line and controlling the operation of an attachment component. The switching element includes switching means, storage means having its own ID code, transmission and reception means for carrying data with the main control means via the signal line, and the switching means based on data from the transmission and reception means. Provided is a control device for a device having a switching element side control means for controlling the power supply.

Moreover, in order to achieve the said 2nd objective, this invention provides the signal line wired to an apparatus, the main control means connected to this signal line, the sensor connected to the said signal line, and the operation of an attachment component connected to the said signal line. And a switching element for controlling, the sensor comprising: a detection element, storage means having its own ID code; transmission / reception means for transmitting and receiving the main control means and data via the signal line; and data detected by the detection element. And sensor-side control means for receiving and writing to the storage means, and transmitting and receiving data in the storage means to the main control means by the transmission and reception means, and the switching element includes a switching means and its own ID code. Storage means for storing data, transmitting and receiving means for transmitting and receiving data to and from said main control means through said signal line, and Based on the data of the emitter provides a control device of the machine that is provided with a switching device side control means for controlling said switching means.

Moreover, in order to achieve the said 2nd objective, this invention is equipped with the signal line wired to the cooling reservoir, the main control means connected to this signal line, and the sensor for temperature detection connected to this signal line, This sensor Is a storage unit having its own temperature code, a storage means having its own ID code, transmission / reception means for transmitting data to and from the main control means via the signal line, and receiving the temperature data detected by the temperature detection element. An apparatus control apparatus is provided, which comprises a sensor-side control means for writing to and transmitting the data in the storage means to the main control means by the transmission and reception means.

Moreover, in order to achieve the said 2nd objective, this invention controls the operation of the signal line wired to a cooling reservoir, the main control means connected to this signal line, and the attachment parts, such as a compressor and a fan, connected to the said signal line. The switching element includes a switching means, a storage means having its own ID code, transmission and reception means for transmitting and receiving the main control means and data via the signal line, and data from the transmission and reception means. An apparatus control apparatus including a switching element side control means for controlling the switching means is provided.

Moreover, in order to achieve the said 2nd objective, this invention is connected to the signal line wired to a cooling reservoir, the main control means connected to this signal line, the temperature detection sensor connected to the said signal line, and the said signal line, And a switching element for controlling the operation of attachment parts such as a compressor, a fan, and the like, wherein the sensor is configured to carry out data transfer between the main control means and the data via the temperature detection element, its storage means having its own ID code, and the signal line. And transmitting and receiving means and sensor-side control means for receiving the temperature data detected by the temperature detecting element and writing it into the storage means, and transmitting the data in the storage means to the main control means by the transmitting and receiving means, The switching element includes switching means, storage means having its own ID code, and the main control means and data via the signal line. Transmission and reception means for carrying out the cane and, on the basis of data from the transmitting and receiving means provides a control device of the machine that is provided with a switching device side control means for controlling said switching means.

It is preferable that the sensor and / or the switching element include a power storage element that charges while the signal line is at high potential and discharges and supplies power to each means while being low.

In addition, the sensor or the switching element may be incorporated in an attachment part attached to a device such as a cold storage.

Moreover, in order to achieve the said 2nd objective, this invention provides the data transfer between the signal line wired to an apparatus, the main control means provided in the said apparatus, and the said main control means connected to the said signal line. A sensor or switching element, a storage device connected to the signal line, and switching means for connecting an external control device to the signal line, wherein the storage device holds a maintenance history data file in which a maintenance history of the device is written; At the same time, with the external control device connected to the signal line, the external control device provides a device control device in which data in a maintenance history data file to be held is read and data is written.

When the sensor or switching element is replaced, the main control means preferably searches for a new sensor or switching element and writes it to a maintenance history data file in the storage device.

The storage device includes storage means for holding data, transmission / reception means for carrying data with the main control means and an external control device via signal lines, and writing data to the storage means based on data from the transmission / reception means. And a storage device side control means for controlling the reading of the data, and a power storage element for charging while the signal line is at high potential and discharging while being at low potential to supply power to the respective means. desirable.

The sensor receives the detection element, its storage means having its own ID code, the transmission and reception means for carrying out data with the main control means via a signal line, the data detected by the detection element, and writes in the storage means. And a sensor side control means for transmitting the data in the storage means to the main control means by the transmission and reception means.

The switching element includes a switching means, a storage means having its own ID code, transmission and reception means for carrying data with the main control means via a signal line, and controlling the switching means based on data from the transmission and reception means. The structure which has a switching element side control means is preferable.

Moreover, in order to achieve the said 2nd objective, this invention is equipped with the sensor or switching element which performs data transmission between the main control means provided in the apparatus, and the said main control means via a signal line, A sensor or a switching element is classified into a plurality of systems, and a switching device is provided in each signal line between each system and the main control means, and the switching device receives data from the main control means through the signal line and receives a signal system. An apparatus control apparatus for opening and closing is provided.

The switching device includes opening and closing means for opening and closing a signal system, a storage means having its own ID code, a transmission and reception means for carrying data and a main control means through a signal line, and the opening and closing based on data from the transmission and reception means. It is preferable to have a switching device side control means for controlling the means.

The sensor receives the detection element, its storage means having its own ID code, the transmission and reception means for carrying out data with the main control means via a signal line, the data detected by the detection element, and writes in the storage means. And a sensor side control means for transmitting the data in the storage means to the main control means by the transmission and reception means.

The switching element includes a switching means, a storage means having its own ID code, transmission and reception means for carrying data with the main control means via a signal line, and controlling the switching means based on data from the transmission and reception means. The structure which has a switching element side control means is preferable.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiment of this invention is described based on drawing. FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a store management system 1 of a convenience store CVS as a first embodiment to which the present invention is applied, and FIG. 2 shows a store apparatus monitoring system 6 of a store management system 1. The configuration diagram is shown.

The store management system 1 according to the embodiment includes a store system 2 installed on the side of a convenience store CVS, and a maintenance management company M that performs maintenance and maintenance of the headquarters C of the chain to which the convenience store CVS belongs. It consists of the center system 3 which consists of etc. The store system 2 and the center system 3 are connected via a terminal adapter TA ... and a public line ISDN.

In the headquarters C and the maintenance management company M, the monitoring service of the store equipment is performed, and a personal computer P is installed, and each is connected to the terminal adapter TA.

On the other hand, the store system 2 includes a store image system 4 for photographing an interior, a back door, and the like, and a store device monitoring system 6 for monitoring the operation of each electric device such as a showcase or a lighting to be described later. It consists of. Among them, the store video system 4 is composed of a transmitter 7 and a plurality of fixed cameras 8..., A speaker 9, a microphone 11, and the like connected to the transmitter 7, and each fixed camera 8. Is installed in the ceiling surface of the shop so that you can take pictures of the locations and entrances (back doors, etc.) in the shop.

The fixed camera 8 makes it possible to capture a moving picture using a CCD imaging element, and the moving picture data captured by each fixed camera 8 is sent to the transmitter 7. The transmitter 7 transmits the video data transmitted from each fixed camera 8 to the personal computers P and P of the headquarters C or the maintenance company M via the terminal adapter TA and the ISDN line. send. The transferred video data is reflected on the display of each personal computer P. FIG.

Then, control data is sent to the transmitter 7 from the personal computer P of the headquarters C or the maintenance management company M, and the transmitter 7 controls the zoom direction of each fixed camera 8. Control is performed. As a result, the headquarters C and the maintenance management company M can remotely monitor the occurrence of theft in the convenience store CVS and the like by the personal computer P.

On the other hand, in the convenience store CVS, a plurality of open show cases (S1…), ice cream stockers (S2), one or two refrigerated walkways (prefab freezers) (S3), and closed type rich In-show case S4 and one or two up-cold refrigerators S5 are provided, and the ceiling portion includes an air conditioner 12 (two in the embodiment), an illumination made of a fluorescent lamp, a dimmer, or the like ( 13) is attached.

Among them, the open show case (S1…), the cold storage walkway (S3), and the rich show case (S4) are piped with the refrigerators (condensing units) R1, R2 installed in the machine room of the convenience store CVS or outdoors. It is connected, and receives a supply of refrigerant from these, and exhibits cooling capability. In addition, the ice cream stocker S2 and the up-freezer S5 employ | adopt the thing in which the cooling apparatus was built and the original temperature controller was mounted.

The store monitoring system 6 is connected to a controller 16 as a main control device, a series of signal lines 17 connected to the controller 16 and wired in a store, and a coupler to the signal lines 17. The button reader 18 (a button-type temperature recording chip is connected to this button reader), and a plurality of control temperature sensors 19... As sensors (the temperature sensor 19 is connected to a signal line 17 via a switch 42 described later). ), A plurality of monitoring temperature sensors 20..., A plurality of electronic thermo units 21 .. (which also serve as main control devices), a plurality of I / O sensor units 22..., A high temperature sensor unit ( 23) and the counter sensor unit 24, together with the counter sensor unit 24, a power meter 27 constituting the power amount detection device 26 and the like.

Next, the structure of the said controller 16 is shown in FIG. The controller 16 is installed in an office or the like of a convenience store CVS, and serves as a memory S2, an I / O interface 33, and a transmission / reception means as a storage means composed of a CPU (microcomputer) 31, a flash memory, and the like. Bus I / O interface 34 or the like. The controller 16 is provided with a display 37 made of an LCD or the like, a switch 38 as an input means, or the like.

In addition, the bus I / O interface 34 is connected to the signal line 17 through a port 36 of the controller 16, and the button reader 18 through the port 36 and the signal line 17. ), The temperature sensor 19... (Through the switch 42 described later), the temperature sensor 20..., The electronic thermo unit 21, the I / O sensor unit 22 .., the sensor unit 23, the counter. The data is sent to and from the sensor unit 24.

The memory 32 of the controller 16 includes the button reader 18, the temperature sensor 19..., The temperature sensor 20..., The electronic thermo unit 21 .., the I / O sensor unit 22. Predetermined communication protocol for performing data communication with the sensor unit 23 and the counter sensor unit 24, the button reader 18, the temperature sensor 19..., The temperature sensor 20. ), Software for identifying the I / O sensor unit 22..., The high temperature sensor unit 23, the counter sensor unit 24, and a control program for performing operation control are set.

In addition, the I / O interface 33 of the controller 16 is connected to the terminal adapter TA on the store side via an RS-232C cable, while the bus I / O interface 34 connects the same signal line 17. It is also connected to the transmitter 7 of the store video system 4 via.

On the other hand, the said electronic thermo unit 21 is provided in each open show case (S1 ...), the storage walk-in storage S3, and the rich show case S4, respectively. As shown in FIG. 4, the electronic thermo unit 21 is composed of a thermostat chip 41 formed in a chip shape. The thermostat chip 41 includes a switch 42 and signal lines 17A and 17B. The temperature sensor 19 for control provided in the inside of the showcase via this is connected, and the switch 42 is connected to the signal line 17 again.

The thermostat chip 41 is wired with a volume 43, a switching element 44 composed of a transistor, a thyristor, or the like, a relay 46 composed of a photocoupler, or the like.

As shown in detail in FIG. 5, the thermostat chip 41 includes an interface logic 47 composed of a logic circuit, a thermostat register (memory means) 48, and a comparator (comparative means) 49. And a temperature data register 51, a shift register 52, an A / D converter 53 (setting means), and an operation mode (configuration) register (memory means) 54. It consists of 1 chip.

The interface logic 47 has a serial communication function, a register, a protocol, and the like for carrying data through the temperature sensor 19, the signal lines 17A and 17B, and the switch 42. Accordingly, the function of receiving the data from the temperature sensor 19 and transmitting the data to the temperature sensor 19 by being connected to the temperature sensor 19 via the signal lines 17A and 17B by the switch 42. Has In addition, the thermostat register 48 writes the upper limit temperature TH and the lower limit temperature TL received from the temperature sensor 19 as described later.

As described later, data of the internal temperature TP received by the interface 47 from the temperature sensor 19 is written in the temperature data register 51. In addition, the volume 43 is external to the A / D converter 53. Then, the resistance value of the volume 43 is converted into the temperature shift value TC by the A / D converter 53 (64-position digital register). In addition, the A / D converter 53 can set the values of 64 ° C, 32 ° C, 16 ° C, 8 ° C, and 4 ° C, which are changes in the temperature shift value TC, by a register bit shift. Which one is set by the register 54. The shift register 52 also sets how many digits of the temperature shift value to use.

Data of the internal temperature TP in the temperature data register 51 is sent to the comparator 49. In addition, the upper limit temperature TH and the lower limit temperature TL in the thermostat register 48 are also sent to the comparator 49. The temperature shift value TC is also sent to the comparator 49 through the shift register 52.

The output of the comparator 49 is connected to the gate of the switching element 44. This switching element 44 controls the relay 46, and the relay 46 energizes the show case S1, S3, S4 to the solenoid valve V for refrigerant control (also controls the defrosting electric heater). To control.

The operation mode of each of these functions is determined by the operation mode register 54. The operation mode set by this operation mode register 54 is set at the time of production. In particular, the change width of the temperature shift value TC in the A / D converter 53 is selected by the operation mode register 54 to any one of the above 64 ° C, 32 ° C, 16 ° C, 8 ° C, and 4 ° C. do.

On the other hand, the temperature sensor 19 (the same applies to the temperature sensor 20) includes the control unit 61 as the terminal side control means, the memory 62 as the storage means, and the transmission and reception means, as shown in detail in FIG. And an I / O interface 63 as a storage means, a sensor unit 64 as a detection means, a TH register 66, a TL register 67, and a setting register 68 for determining a state, It is composed of a CRC generator 69 which achieves matching, a power supply detecting unit 71 which detects a Vcc power source described later, a capacitor 72 and diodes 73 and 74 constituting power storage means.

In this case, the capacitor 72 is connected to the output side of the diode 73, and the input terminal 76 is connected to this diode 73 and the I / O interface 63. The input terminal 76 is connected to the thermostat chip 41 or the signal line 17 by the signal lines 17A and 17B through the switch 42, and the capacitor 72 is connected to the I / O interface 63. Is also connected. Data is produced and sent to the output of the signal line 17 or the thermostat chip 41 by a pulse signal composed of a potential (high potential) of + 5V and 0V (low potential), for example.

Then, when the temperature sensor 19 is connected to the signal line 17 or the thermostat chip 41 (signal line 17B), the pulse signals of the high potential and low potential constituting the data become high potential as they are. Power is supplied to the device, and the capacitor 72 is also charged. And while it is low potential, it discharges from the capacitor | condenser 72, and it is set as the structure which the power supply of each element is supplied.

The temperature sensor 19 is also provided with a Vcc (DC + 5V) power supply terminal 77, connected to a diode 74, and the temperature sensor 19 connects the Vcc power supply terminal 77 to a power supply line. When connected, each element is comprised so that it may operate | move by the power supply from a power supply line (power supply mode). That is, in this power supply mode, each element is operated without charging the capacitor 72, so that the convenience is improved when the temperature sensor 19 is to be operated quickly at the time of inspection or the like.

In addition, when the control part 61 is instruct | indicated by the I / O interface 63 from the thermostat chip 41 (controller 16 in the case of the temperature sensor 20) as mentioned later, the sensor part 64 The internal temperature (in the case of the temperature sensor 20) is detected by the sensor, and the temperature data is received and written to the memory 62 once. When the I / O interface 63 is polled from the thermostat chip 41 (controller 16 in the case of the temperature sensor 20) as described later, the memory 62 is written to the memory 62. The temperature data is transmitted to the thermostat chip 41 (controller 16 in the case of the temperature sensor 20) by the interface 63.

Here, the ID code of the temperature sensor 19 itself or the identification data of the meaning of the sensor are written in the I / O interface 63, and the TH register 66 has the upper limit temperature TH of the show case. The lower limit temperature TL is written in the register 67. Data of these upper limit temperatures TH and lower limit temperatures TL is transmitted from the controller 16 via the signal line 17, the switch 42, and the signal line 17A. The memory 62 also stores a communication protocol for performing data communication between the thermostat chip 41 and the controller 16. When a failure occurs in the temperature sensor 19, the failure data is also written into the memory 62 and transmitted to the thermostat chip 41 or the controller 16. In addition, the temperature sensor 19 has a self-holding function for maintaining the current state when communication with the thermostat chip 41 is cut off.

Next, a block diagram of the internal structure of the switch 42 is shown in FIG. The switch 42 is composed of three ICs, IC1, IC2 and IC3, each of which is connected by a data line. IC1 is connected to the signal line 17, and the thermostat chip 41 is connected to IC2 via the signal line 17A, respectively, and the input terminal 76 of the temperature sensor 19 is connected to IC3 via the signal line 17A. In the form of one.

And although the line between the thermostat chip 41 (interface logic 47) and the temperature sensor 19 is normally connected, when data (connection instruction) is sent from the controller 16, this thermostat chip ( The line between 41 and the temperature sensor 19 is cut off, and the line between the signal line 17 and the temperature sensor 19 is preferentially connected.

In addition, although the structure of the monitoring temperature sensor 20 is the same as that of the said temperature sensor 19, it is directly connected to the signal line 17, and also stores indoors (in-store), each show case, etc. (S1, S2, S3), respectively. , S4 and S5 are disposed in or around the refrigerator, and around the refrigerators R1 and R2 (machine rooms and the like).

On the other hand, the structure of the said I / O sensor unit 22 is shown in FIG. The I / O sensor unit 22 includes a control unit 81 as a terminal side control means, memories 82 and 83, an I / O interface 84, an input / output unit 86, and the input / output unit 86 Is composed of a state storage section 87 for storing whether an input state or an output state, an ID section 88 for storing its own ID code, a capacitor 89, diodes 91, 92, and the like.

In this case, the capacitor 89 is connected to the output side of the diodes 91 and 92, and the input terminal 93 of the I / O sensor unit 22 to which each element is connected to the terminal of the capacitor 89 is a signal line ( 17, power is supplied to each element as it is, and the capacitor 89 is also charged while the high and low potential pulse signals constituting the data become high potential as described above. And while it is low potential, it discharges from the capacitor | condenser 89, and it is set as the structure which the power supply of each element is supplied.

In addition, the I / O sensor unit 22 is also provided with a Vcc (DC + 5V) power supply terminal 94 connected to the input side of the diode 92, and when the Vcc power supply terminal 94 is connected to a power supply line, Each element of the / O sensor unit 22 can operate by supplying power from a power supply line. That is, in this case, since each element is operated without charging the capacitor 89, convenience is improved when it is desired to quickly operate the I / O sensor unit 22 at the time of inspection or the like.

In addition, when the ON / OFF data is transmitted from the controller 16 through the signal line 17 by the I / O interface 84, the control unit 81 receives the input / output unit 86 based on the ON / OFF data. This turns the input / output terminals 96 and 96 (with two terminals) on and off (output mode).

Here, as described above, the ID unit 88 stores the ID code of the I / O sensor unit 22 itself and the identification data of the I / O sensor unit, and the memory 82 stores various data and controllers ( Communication protocols for performing data communication with 16) are stored. If a failure occurs in the I / O sensor unit 22, the data is also written into the memory 82 and transmitted to the controller 16. In addition, the I / O sensor unit 22 also has a self-holding function for maintaining the current state when communication with the controller 16 is lost.

Such an I / O sensor unit 22 (input / output unit 86 is an output mode) is wired as shown in FIG. 9 on the substrate. That is, 101 is a photocoupler composed of a photodiode 101A and a phototriac 101B, 102 is a resistor, 103 is a diode as a rectifying element, and 104 is a capacitor as a power storage element.

In this case, the capacitor 104 is connected to the output side of the diode 103, and the resistor 102 is connected between the connection point of the diode 103 and the capacitor 104 and the input / output terminal 96 of the I / O sensor unit 22. ) And photodiode 101A are connected in series. The Vcc power supply terminal 94 of the I / O sensor unit 22 is connected in front of the diode 103. The phototriac 101b is connected between the power supply AC and an AC control element (thyristor or the like) 106. The AC control element 106 controls the operation of the air conditioner 12, illuminates the illumination 13, and transmits a control output to the transmitter 7.

Here, when the diode 103 is connected to the signal line 17, power is supplied to the photodiode 101A through the resistor 102 while the high and low potential pulse signals constituting the data become high potential. This is done and the capacitor 104 is also charged. And while it is low potential, it discharges from the capacitor | condenser 104, and it is set as the structure which supplies the power supply of the photodiode 101A.

Similarly, when the Vcc power supply terminal 107 is connected to the connection point of the diode 103 and the condenser 104, and this Vcc power supply terminal 107 is connected to the power supply line, the photodiode 101A supplies power from the power supply line. It can be operated by supply. That is, in this case, since each element operates without charging the capacitor 104, convenience is improved when it is desired to quickly operate the inspection or the like.

In addition, the input / output unit 86 of the I / O sensor unit 22 attached to the refrigerators R1 and R2 enters an input mode, and detects the operation state of the refrigerators R1 and R2 to send data to the controller 16. Send. In addition, the high temperature sensor unit 23 detects abnormal high temperatures of the refrigerators R1 and R2 and transmits data to the controller 16.

Next, the structure of the said counter sensor unit 24 is shown in FIG. The counter sensor unit 24 includes a control unit 111 as a terminal side control means, memories 112 and 113 as a storage means, interface logic 114 as transmission and reception means connected to a signal line 17 via a terminal 123, and And a counter 116, a trigger counter 117, an ID unit 118 as a storage means for storing its own ID code, a capacitor, a diode, and the like as a power storage means (not shown).

Also in this case, power is supplied to each element as it is while the high and low potential pulse signals constituting the data become high potential as described above, and are also charged in the capacitor. And while it is low potential, it discharges from a capacitor | condenser, and it is set as the structure which the power supply of each element is supplied.

In addition, the Vcc (DC + 5V) power supply terminal 119 is also provided in the counter sensor unit 24, and when this Vcc power supply terminal 119 is connected to a power supply line, each element of the counter sensor unit 24 is a power supply line. It can also be operated by the power supply from the. That is, in this case, since each element is operated without charging a capacitor, convenience is improved when it is desired to quickly operate the counter sensor unit 24 at the time of inspection or the like.

The electricity meter 27 detects the power consumed in the convenience store CVS, and generates a pulse output. In other words, when the power consumption at that time is low, the interval of pulses is long, and when it is high, the interval is short.

 This pulse output is input to the input terminals 121 and 121 (with two terminals) of the counter sensor unit 24. The trigger counter 117 detects the pulse output of the power meter 27 by the start of such a pulse, and the counter 116 counts (integrates) the pulse output detected by the trigger counter 117.

When the controller 111 is polled from the controller 16, the controller 111 receives the count data counted by the counter 116 and transmits the count data to the controller 16 through the signal line 17 by the interface logic 114. .

Here, ID code of the counter sensor unit 24 itself or identification data of a counter sensor unit is written in the ID unit 118, and the memory 113 is used for data communication with the controller 16. Communication protocols and the like are stored. When a failure occurs in the counter sensor unit 24, the failure data is also written into the memory 113 and transmitted to the controller 16. In addition, the counter sensor unit 24 has a self-holding function that maintains the current state when communication with the controller 16 is lost.

Next, the operation in the above configuration will be described. Now, it is assumed that the switch 42 connects the line between the temperature sensor 19 (signal line 17A) and the signal line 17. The CPU 31 of the controller 16 first starts each element (the temperature sensors 19 and 20, the I / O sensor unit 22, the high temperature sensor unit 23, the counter sensor unit 24, etc.) to the signal line 17. Scan the connection status of).

This scanning operation is performed by reading the ID codes of the temperature sensors 19 and 20, the I / O sensor unit 22, the high temperature sensor unit 23, and the counter sensor unit 24 in the order shown in FIG. . Hereinafter, these are all called terminal devices, and it demonstrates as an example that the ID code of four terminal devices is 64 bits as shown below.

Bit 012345678... … 63

First terminal device 001100000... … 0

Second terminal device 101100000... … 0

Third terminal device 110000000... … 0

Fourth terminal device 001000000... … 0

The controller 16 (CPU 31) first sends a communication command (instruction) to each terminal device, and each terminal device returns a 0K command. Next, when the controller 16 transmits the ID search command, the terminal apparatus returns the 0-bit as response 1 with its ID code, and returns the reward as response 2 as follows. In practice, when the 0 bit is 0, the connection terminal of the signal line 17 is set to the low potential (hereinafter, "L"), and if it is 1, the terminal is the high potential (hereinafter, "H"). Shall be.

Bit 0 Response 1 Response 2

First terminal device 0 1

Second terminal device 10

Third terminal device 1 0

4th terminal device 0 1

Logical product 0 0

The controller 16 makes a determination from the logical product, and determines that 0 and 1 exist in the 0th bit of each terminal device. In fact, if at least one connection terminal of each terminal device connected to the signal line 17 has "L", the signal line 17 will be "L", and if both are "H", it will be "H". Since the controller 16 judges the potential of the signal line 17, the controller 16 detects the information of the logical product as a result.

Thus, the controller 16 transmits search commands 0 and 1 of the first bit. At this time, when 0 is transmitted, only the terminal device whose 0 bit is 0 returns the 1 bit, and when 1 is transmitted, only the 0 bit which is 1 is returned to the 1 bit.

Therefore, the response to 0 at the time of the 1st bit search consists of a 1st and 4th terminal apparatus as follows.

Bit 1 Response 1 Response 2

First terminal device 0 1

Second terminal device

Third terminal device

4th terminal device 0 1

Logical product 0 1

The controller 16 makes a determination from the logical product, and determines that only 0 is present in the first bit in this case. Therefore, it is determined that there is an ID code of 00.

In addition, the response to 1 at the time of the 1st bit search consists of a 2nd and 3rd terminal apparatus as follows.

Bit 1 Response 1 Response 2

First terminal device

2nd terminal device 0 1

Third terminal device 1 0

Fourth terminal device

Logical product 0 0

The controller 16 makes a determination from the logical product, and determines that 0 and 1 exist in the first bit in this case. Therefore, in this case, it is understood that 10 and 11 ID codes exist.

Next, upon confirmation of the existence of the ID code 00, the controller 16 transmits a search command 0 of the second bit. The response to 0 at the time of the 2nd bit search consists of a 1st and 4th terminal apparatus as follows.

Bit 2 Response 1 Response 2

First terminal device 1 0

Second terminal device

Third terminal device

Fourth terminal device 10

Logical product 1 0

The controller 16 makes a determination from the logical product, and determines that only 1 is present in the second bit in this case. Therefore, it is determined that there is an ID code of 001.

Next, upon confirmation of the existence of the ID code 001, the controller 16 transmits the search command 1 of the third bit. The response to 1 in the third bit search is made up of the first and fourth terminal devices.

Bit 3 Response 1 Response 2

First terminal device 1 0

Second terminal device

Third terminal device

4th terminal device 0 1

Logical product 0 0

The controller 16 makes a determination from the logical product, and determines that 0 and 1 exist in the third bit in this case. Therefore, it is determined that there is an ID code of 0011 and 0010.

Next, upon confirmation of the existence of ID codes 0011 and 0010, the controller 16 transmits a search command 1 of the fourth bit. The response to 1 at the time of the 4th bit search consists of the first and fourth terminal devices.

Bit 4 Response 1 Response 2

First terminal device 1 0

Second terminal device

Third terminal device

4th terminal device 0 1

Logical product 0 0

The controller 16 makes a determination from the logical product, and determines that 0 and 1 exist in the fourth bit in this case. Therefore, it is determined that there is an ID code of 00110 and 0010.

Next, upon confirmation of the existence of the ID code 00110, the controller 16 transmits a search command 0 of the fifth bit. The response to 0 at the time of the fifth bit search is made up of only the first terminal device.

Bit 5 Response 1 Response 2

First terminal device 0 1

Second terminal device

Third terminal device

Fourth terminal device

Logical product 0 1

The controller 16 makes a determination from the logical product, and determines that only 0 is present in the fifth bit in this case. Therefore, it is determined that there is an ID code of 001100. After that, if only the search command 0 is repeated to the 63rd bit, 001100... … 0, that is, it is determined that the first terminal device of this ID code is connected.

In addition, since 1 and 0 exist in the 1st bit in response to 1 at the time of the said T bit search, 0 and 1 are transmitted and narrowed similarly by the 2nd bit search. Finally, the ID codes of all terminal devices are determined by removing the bits where 0 and 1 exist.

The CPU 31 of the controller 16 stores the temperature sensors 19 and 20, the I / O sensor unit 22, the high temperature sensor unit 23, and the counter sensor unit 24 by the ID codes collected in this way. The connection status is identified and held in the memory 32, and then data is transmitted and received between each temperature sensor or sensor unit using this ID code.

Next, the CPU 31 of the controller 16 transmits the data of the upper limit temperature TH and the lower limit temperature TL to the respective temperature sensors 19... Using the collected ID codes. The response to 0 at the time of the fifth bit search is made up of only the first terminal device.

Then, when the converter 42 connects the thermostat chip 41 and the temperature sensor 19, the interface logic 47 causes the upper limit temperature in the TH register 66 and the TL register 67 of the temperature sensor 19 to be changed. TH and the lower limit temperature TL are accepted and stored in the thermostat register 48. In addition, by the interface logic 47, the thermostat resistor 48 has, for example, 4 ° C as the upper limit temperature TH (which is 00000100B as the content of the register) and 0 ° C as the lower limit temperature TL. As 00000000B).

The operation mode register 54 assumes that the change width of the temperature shift value TC is 16 ° C. in the A / D converter 53, and the thermostat operation is set in the operation mode register 54. do. As a result, the thermostat chip 41 independently starts the thermostat operation even after the power-up is started.

Then, if the resistance value of the volume 43 is changed and the temperature shift value TC is set to 8 ° C (00001000B as the content of the register), which is an intermediate value of the change width 16 ° C, the comparator 49 is at the upper limit temperature. The temperature shift value TC is added to (TH) (4 ° C: 00000100B). As a result, the shifted upper limit temperature is 00000100B + 00001000B = 00001100B, that is, 12 ° C.

In addition, the comparator 49 adds the temperature shift value TC to the lower limit temperature TL (0 ° C: 00000000B). As a result, the shifted lower limit temperature is 00000000B + 00001000B = 00001000B, that is, 8 ° C.

On the other hand, the interface logic 47 of the thermostat chip 41 polls the temperature sensor 19. In response to this polling, the control unit 61 of the temperature sensor 19 transmits the temperature data (high temperature TP) written in the memory 62 to the thermostat chip 41 via the interface 63. . The interface logic 47 receives this temperature data and writes it to the temperature data register 51.

And the comparator 49 compares the upper limit temperature shifted as mentioned above: 12 degreeC, the lower limit temperature 8 degreeC, and the internal temperature TP sent from the temperature sensor 19 to the temperature data register 51, and stores the internal temperature When (TP) reaches 12 ° C. (upper limit temperature), the switching element 44 is turned ON, and when the internal temperature TP falls to 8 ° C. (low limit temperature), an output for turning off the switching element 44 is provided. Generate.

When the switching element 44 is turned on, the relay 46 is energized by the relay 46 to open the solenoid valve V, and when the switching element 44 is turned off, the solenoid valve ( The energization of V) is stopped. The refrigerators R1 and R2 are operated when the solenoid valve V of any show case S1, S3, S4 is open under the control of a low pressure switch (not shown), and stops when all are closed. As a result, for example, the interior of the open show case S1 is temperature controlled between 12 ° C and 8 ° C.

In addition, the controller 16 polls the monitoring temperature sensor 20... The procedure (communication protocol) at this time will be described with reference to FIG. In this case, it is assumed that the Vcc power supply terminal 77 of all the temperature sensors 20... Is not connected to the power supply line. This is hereinafter referred to as parasitic mode.

The controller 16 transmits a communication start command. The controller 16 normally sets the port 36 connected to the signal line 17 to "H". The communication start command transmits the port 36 to 500 to 960 microseconds (L). To be executed. Then, the controller 16 waits for 15 ms to 60 ms. In the meantime, the signal line 17 is "H".

After that, a 0K command is returned from each temperature sensor 20. The transmission of this 0K command is performed by setting the input terminal 76 to 60 Hz to 240 Hz "L".

The controller 16 transmits a broadcast setting command to all the temperature sensors 20. When the control unit 61 of the temperature sensor 20... Receives the broadcast setting command through the I / O interface 63, it recognizes that the next command transmitted is commanded (broadcasted) to all the temperature sensors 20... do.

Next, the controller 16 transmits a temperature measurement start command (instruction for starting detection operation) to all the temperature sensors 20. After the temperature measurement start command is transmitted, the controller 16 waits 500 ms (milliseconds). In the meantime, the signal line 17 is "H", the power supply is supplied from the input terminal 76 to each element of the all-temperature sensor 20 ..., and the capacitor | condenser 72 is charged.

When the control part 61 of all the temperature sensors 20 ... receives the said temperature measurement start command (broadcast command) through the I / O interface 63, it measures the temperature by each sensor part 64 simultaneously (detection). The measured temperature data is stored in each memory 62. When the 500 ms waiting period has elapsed, the controller 16 transmits a communication start command again, and a 0K command is returned from all the temperature sensors 20...

Next, the controller 16 transmits a call command of the temperature sensor and the ID code of the specific temperature sensor 20 (for example, the temperature sensor 20 holding the first ID code). Then, a memory call command (read instruction) is transmitted. The control unit 61 of the temperature sensor 20 holding the ID code responds to the read command designated by its ID code and stores the temperature data stored in the memory 62 as described above to the controller 16. Reply.

The CPU 31 of the controller 16 writes the temperature data transmitted from the temperature sensor 20 to the memory 32. Finally, the controller 16 transmits a reset command, and a 0K command is returned from the temperature sensor 20.

Next, the controller 16 transmits the call command of the temperature sensor and the ID code of the next temperature sensor 20 (for example, the temperature sensor 20 holding the next ID code of the ID code). Then, a memory call command (read instruction) is transmitted. The control unit 61 of the temperature sensor 20 holding this ID code responds to the read command specified by its ID code, and stores the temperature data stored in the memory 62 as described above to the controller 16. Reply.

The CPU 31 of the controller 16 writes the temperature data transmitted from the temperature sensor 20 into the memory 32. Finally, the controller 16 transmits a reset command, and an OK command is returned from the temperature sensor 20. The controller 16 repeatedly executes the operation until the transmission of the communication start command, the temperature sensor call command, the temperature sensor ID code and the reset command to all the temperature sensors 20... And the temperature from all the temperature sensors 20. Collect data. In addition, the collection of temperature data between the thermostat chip 41 and the temperature sensor 19 is the same as this.

The CPU 31 of the controller 16 collects in this way and transmits the temperature data written in the memory 32 to the personal computer P of the headquarters C or the maintenance management company M. FIG. As a result, the headquarters C and the maintenance management company M can intensively monitor the indoor temperature of the store, the interior temperature of each show case, the temperature of the machine room, and the like.

Thus, in the parasitic mode, there is a waiting period (500 ms) for keeping the signal lines 17 (17A, 17B) at " H " at the start of communication with the temperature sensors 20... Since the time interval between the other commands is, for example, 500 ms, sufficient power from the signal line 17 is supplied to the temperature sensor 20 (19) at the start of communication with the controller 16 (thermostat chip 41). Is supplied. As a result, communication start between the temperature sensors 20 (19) connected to the signal lines 17 and the controller 16 (thermostat chip 41) can also be performed smoothly and reliably.

In addition, while all the temperature sensors 20 (19) are performing temperature measurement, sufficient power is supplied from the signal lines 17; 17A, 17B, so that a reliable measurement operation can be realized. In addition, when sufficient electric power is not supplied, the detection data of the temperature sensor 20 (19) will become "00."

Moreover, since the form which broadcasts the command of a detection operation start with respect to all the temperature sensors 20 (19) ... is employ | adopted, it is possible to make temperature measurement to all the temperature sensors 20 (19 ...) simultaneously, Subsequent read commands specify ID codes for individual temperature sensors 20 (19)…, so that reading of temperature data from each temperature sensor 20 (19 ……) can be performed without any problems. Will be.

Here, when the temperature sensor 20 (19) is subjected to temperature measurement and the operation of reading the temperature data measured by the temperature sensor 20 (19) is performed for each sensor, the above-described operation is performed. Since the waiting period must be provided for each temperature sensor 20 (19), an extremely long time is required for the collection of temperature data. According to the present invention, the waiting period is one time (for example, once for data measurement and collection). For example, since 500 kHz ends once, data collection from a plurality of temperature sensors 20, etc. connected to the signal line 17 can be performed in a short time. In addition, since the communication time becomes short, it is possible to effectively prevent or suppress the problem of noise invading during communication, and to realize a generally reliable and fast detection operation.

The CPU 31 of the controller 16 also transmits control data to the I / O sensor units 22 through the signal line 17 together with the ID code. When the control unit 81 of the air conditioner 12 and the I / O sensor unit 22 of the lighting 13 receives the control data of its own ID code, it controls the input / output terminal 96 as described above based on the control data. Turn on / off. By this ON / OFF, the photodiode 101A is turned on (light emitting) / off (lighted off), whereby the phototriac 101B is turned on / off, whereby the AC control element 106 is turned on / off. do.

Normally, the air conditioner 12 is driven 100% by this AC control element 106, and the illumination 13 also emits light at 100% illuminance.

Electric power is consumed at the store (convenience store CVS) by the operation of the show cases S1 to S5, the refrigerators R1 and R2, the air conditioner 12, and the lighting 13 to be turned on. ) Detects the power consumed in such a store and generates a pulse output as described above. The counter 116 of the counter sensor unit 24 counts (integrates) such pulse output.

The controller 16 polls the counter sensor unit 24. The procedure (communication protocol) at this time will be described with reference to FIG. The controller 16 transmits a communication command, and a 0K command is returned from the counter sensor unit 24. The controller 16 transmits a call command of the counter sensor unit 24 and an ID code of the counter sensor unit 24.

The controller 16 then sends a counter call command. In response to this polling, the control unit 111 of the counter sensor unit 24 returns the count data counted by the counter 116 as described above. Finally, the controller 16 transmits a reset command, and a 0K command is returned from the counter sensor unit 24.

The CPU 31 of the controller 16 writes the count data received in this way into the memory 32 once, and then calculates the power consumed at the store on that day and the increase tendency thereof. If it is determined that the daily power consumption allowed in the store is exceeded, the CPU 31 of the controller 16 transmits the control data together with the ID code to the air conditioner 12 through the signal line 17. ) And each I / O sensor unit 22... Of the illumination 13.

In this case, the control data is data for performing dimming to decrease the operation rate of the air conditioner 12 by 10%, for example, and to reduce the illuminance of the illumination 13 by 20%. When the control unit 81 of the air conditioner 12 and the I / O sensor unit 22 of the lighting 13 receives such control data of its ID code, the input / output terminal 96 as described above is based on it. ON / OFF. By this ON / OFF, the photodiode 101A is turned on (light emitting) / off (lighted off), whereby the phototriac 101B is turned on / off, whereby the AC control element 106 is turned on / off. Since it is turned off, the air conditioner 12 is operated 90%, and the illumination 13 is also dimmed (photosensitive) at 80% illuminance.

Here, the controller 16 instructs the transmitter 7 by the I / O sensor unit 22 when an abnormality has occurred due to the monitoring by the temperature sensor 20 as described above, and is fixed. It is also possible to control the camera 8 to capture an abnormal occurrence point.

In addition, in 1st embodiment, although the temperature sensor was mentioned as the example and demonstrated, this invention is effective also to the sensor which detects a temperature, a pressure, etc. not only to this. In the first embodiment, the present invention is applied to a convenience store CVS, but the present invention is effective not only to the store but also to a store such as a supermarket or a restaurant. The analysis of the store also includes general office buildings and the like. In addition, this invention is not limited to the number of sensors connected to a signal line.

As described above, according to the present invention, since the terminal-side control means of the sensor transmits the data detected by the detection means to the main control device through the signal line by the transmission / reception means, the main control device receives the detection data without any problem from the sensor. Can accept

In this case, the sensor is operated by the power from the signal line for receiving data, and the storage means has its own ID code. Therefore, the main control device identifies the sensor only by connecting each sensor to the signal line. The wiring of the sensor is completed. As a result, the sensor can be wired by a so-called plug-in, and the wiring can be remarkably simplified. According to the present invention, since the common control software can be used for the main control device regardless of the number of sensors or the like, it is also possible to achieve a significant reduction in cost due to commonization.

In particular, in this case, when the terminal-side control means of the sensor receives the instruction of the start of the detection operation from the main control device by the transmission / reception means, when the detection operation is executed by the detection means and receives a read instruction from the main control device, Data transmitted by the detection means is transmitted to the main control device by the transmission and reception means. Since the main control device is configured to have a waiting period until the read instruction after the instruction of the start of the detection operation, and to maintain the signal line at high potential during this waiting period, the terminal side control means is controlled by the detecting means. While performing the detection operation, sufficient power is supplied from the signal line.

In addition, in the invention of claim 1, the instruction for starting the detection operation is issued to all the sensors that are to collect data, so that when a plurality of sensors are connected, the detection operation can be simultaneously performed on each sensor, and subsequent reading instructions are given. Since the ID code specifies an ID code to be performed on the sensors, reading of data from each sensor can also be performed without any problems. Therefore, when a plurality of sensors are connected to the signal line, data collection from each sensor can be performed in a short time, and the problem of noise invading during communication can be effectively prevented or suppressed. The operation can be realized.

14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a business refrigerator 201 as an example of equipment such as a cold storage, as a second embodiment to which the present invention is applied, and FIG. 15 shows an electrical system wiring diagram of the refrigerator 201. In FIG. 14, the refrigerator 201 includes a main body 205 by a heat insulating housing 202 that opens to the front, and a storage chamber 203 is formed in the heat insulating housing 202. The front opening of the storage chamber 203 is closed by the door 204 to be closed freely.

In the storage chamber 203, a cooler 206 constituting a refrigeration cycle of the cooling device and a cooling fan 207 driven by a motor are provided. The condensation prevention heater 208 is disposed on the opening edge of the heat insulating housing 202, and the operation panel 211 of the control box 209 as the main control means is attached to the front surface of the door 204.

On the other hand, the machine room 212 is formed below the heat insulation housing 202, and in this machine room 212, the compressor 213 and the condenser 214 which comprise the refrigeration cycle of a cooling apparatus with the said cooler 206 are provided. And a condenser fan 216 is provided.

When the compressor 213 is operated, the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 213 is radiated and condensed by the condenser 214, decompressed by a pressure reducing device (not shown), and then supplied to the cooler 206. In the cooler 206, this refrigerant exerts a cooling action by evaporation. After that, the low-temperature gas refrigerant returns to the compressor 213 again. When the cooling fan 207 is operated, the cold air cooled by the cooler 206 is circulated into the storage chamber 203, whereby the inside of the storage chamber 203 is cooled. In addition, when the condenser fan 216 is operated, the outside air is ventilated through the condenser 214 and the compressor 213, so that they are air cooled. In addition, when the furnace heater 208 is energized, the opening edge of the heat insulation housing 202 is heated, and dew condensation is prevented.

Next, in FIG. 15, 221 is an AC power supply line wired in the main body 205 of the cooling storage 201, and 222 is a signal line for carrying data. The control box 209 is connected to the AC power line 221 and the signal line 222, and at the same time, the drive board 223 of the compressor 213, the power board 224 of the fans 207 and 216, and the The power supply board 226 of the furnace heater 208 is connected to the AC power supply line 221.

The chip line temperature sensor 227 and the chip-shaped switching elements 228... Attached to the drive boards 223 and the power supply boards 224, 226 are respectively connected to the signal line 222 through the connector. Here, one switching element 228 is shown on the power supply substrate 224, but in practice, each of the fans 207 and 216 is provided.

In addition, although the drive board 223 and the power supply boards 224 and 226 are shown by the Example, and are comprised separately from the compressor 213, each fan 207 and 216, and the furnace heater 208, these drive boards ( The 223 and the power supply boards 224 and 226 may be incorporated in the compressor 213, the fans 207 and 216 and the heater heater 208 together with the switching elements 228. Moreover, in the model which needs to detect temperature, such as the compressor 213, the temperature sensor 227 is also built in the compressor 213. As shown in FIG.

According to this structure, it is only necessary to connect each switching element 228 or temperature sensor 227 incorporated in the compressor 213, the fans 207, 216 or the furnace heater 208 to the connector of the signal line 222. Since the wiring of the attachment parts is completed, assembly and wiring workability are further improved.

The structure of the said control box 209 is shown in FIG. The control box 209 is provided with a controller (substrate) 236. The controller 236 is composed of a CPU (microcomputer) 231, a memory 232 as a storage means, an I / O interface 233, a bus I / O interface 234 as a transmission / reception means, and the like. In addition, the control box 209 is provided with an indicator 237 composed of LED lamps, a switch 238 as an input means, a switcher 239 and the like, and the indicator 237 and the switch 238 are provided with I / I. It is connected to the O interface 233 and is arrange | positioned at the said operation panel 211.

In addition, the bus I / O interface 234 is connected to the signal line 22 through the switch 239, and the temperature sensor 227, the switching element 228, and the data passing through the signal line 222. Is done. Here, a plurality of refrigerators 201 are provided as shown in FIG. 23, and the switchers 239 of the control box 209 of each refrigerator 201 are connected via an external communication line 242 such as a telephone line. It is connected to external control devices, such as a personal computer P. In response to an instruction from the controller 236 or the personal computer P, the bus I / O interface 234 is switched to the communication line 242 in the signal system connected to the signal line 222, and the bus I / O The connection between the interface 234 and the communication line 242 is controlled.

The controller 236 also identifies a predetermined communication protocol, temperature sensor 227 or switching element 228 for performing data communication with the temperature sensor 227, the switching element 228, the personal computer P, or the like. It is assumed that software for this purpose is set.

Next, the structure of the temperature sensor 227 is shown to FIG. 17-19, FIG. As shown in detail in FIG. 17A, the temperature sensor 227 includes a control unit 240 as a terminal side control means, a memory 241 as a storage means, an I / O interface as a transmission / reception means and a storage means ( 243, the sensor unit 244 as the detection means, the TH register 245A, the TL register 245B, the setting register 245C for determining the state, the CRC generator 246 for matching the communication, And a power supply detecting section 247 for detecting a Vcc power supply described later, a capacitor 248 constituting power storage means, diodes 249A, 249B, and the like.

In this case, the capacitor 248 is connected to the output side of the diodes 249A and 249B, and the input terminal 276 is connected to the diode 279A and the I / O interface 243. The input terminal 276 is connected to a signal line 222 (not shown). The capacitor 248 is also connected to the I / O interface 243.

When the temperature sensor 227 is connected to the signal line 222 (not shown), the pulse signals of the high potential (+ 5V) and low potential (0V) constituting the data become high potentials as they are. Power is supplied to the device, and the capacitor 248 is also charged. And while it is low potential, it discharges from the capacitor | condenser 248, and it is set as the structure which the power supply of each element is supplied.

The temperature sensor 227 is also provided with a Vcc (DC + 5V) power supply terminal 277 and is connected to a diode 249B, and the temperature sensor 227 connects this Vcc power supply terminal 277 to a power supply line. In this case, each element is configured to operate by supplying power from a power supply line (power supply mode). In other words, in this power supply mode, each element is operated without charging the capacitor 248, so that the convenience is improved when the temperature sensor 227 is to be operated quickly during inspection.

In addition, the control unit 261 uses the sensor unit 264 based on a temperature detection instruction input from the input terminal 276 to the I / O interface 243 via the signal line 222 (not shown). It detects, receives the temperature data, and writes it to the memory 241 once. The temperature data written in the memory 241 is transmitted to the bus I / O interface 234 connected to the signal line 222 by the I / O interface 243.

Here, the ID code of the temperature sensor 227 itself or the identification data meaning the sensor is written in the I / O interface 243, and the upper limit temperature TH of the show case is written in the TH register 245A. The lower limit temperature TL is written in the TL register 245B. The data of the upper limit temperature TH and the lower limit temperature TL is transmitted from the I / O interface 243 through the signal line 222. The memory 241 also stores a communication protocol for performing data communication with the bus I / O interface 234. In addition, when a failure occurs in the temperature sensor 227, the failure data is also written into the memory 241 and transmitted to the bus I / O interface 234. In addition, the temperature sensor 227 has a self-holding function for maintaining the current state when communication with the bus I / O interface 234 is lost.

Fig. 17B shows a map of the memory 241, which is an 8-bit scratch pad, and each data is stored in each of bytes 0 to 8. In Fig. 17 (b), 0 bytes are the lower temperature data, 1 byte is the upper temperature data, 2 bytes are the upper limit temperature (TH) and user use memory, 3 bytes are the lower limit temperature (TL) and user use memory, 4 bytes. Save the configuration data. Do not use 5 to 7 bytes, but store CRC data in 8 bytes.

The temperature sensor 227 is attached to one surface of the substrate 252 having a width of about 5 mm as shown in FIG. 18.

19 shows the resin sensor temperature-molded, and the substrate 252 with the temperature sensor 227 is further molded into the resin 254 after being housed in the case 253. At this time, the surface of the board | substrate 252 is primer-processed, and adhesiveness and waterproofness with the resin 254 are improved.

In addition, 256 is the lead wire drawn out from the board | substrate 252, These surfaces are also primer-processed. 257 is a connector for connecting with the signal line 222. By arranging the chip and the diode 255 of the temperature sensor 227 on the substrate 252 as described above, the strength and waterproofness of the temperature sensor 227 are remarkably improved, which makes it possible to use even in a harsh environment.

In addition, the structure of the said switching element 228 is shown in FIG. The switching element 228 is a control unit 281 serving as a terminal side control means, memories 282 and 283, an I / O interface 284, an input / output unit 286, and the input / output unit 286 are in an input state. And a state storage unit 287 for storing whether or not it is an output state, an ID unit 288 for storing its own ID code, a capacitor 289, diodes 291, 292, and the like.

In this case, the capacitor 289 is connected to the output side of the diodes 291 and 292, and an input terminal 293 of the switching element 228 to which the respective elements are connected to the terminals of the capacitor 289 is connected to the signal line 222. When connected, power is supplied to each element as it is while the high and low potential pulse signals constituting the data become high potential as described above, and the capacitor 289 is also charged. And while it is low potential, it discharges from the capacitor | condenser 289, and it is set as the structure which the power supply of each element is supplied.

The switching element 228 is also provided with a Vcc (DC + 5V) power supply terminal 294 connected to the input side of the diode 292. When the Vcc power supply terminal 294 is connected to a power supply line, the switching element 228 is provided. Each element of) can operate by supplying power from a power supply line. That is, in this case, since each element operates without charging the capacitor 289, convenience is improved when it is desired to quickly operate the switching element 228 during inspection.

When the ON / OFF data is transmitted from the bus I / O interface 234 via the signal line 222 by the I / O interface 284, the control unit 281 outputs the input / output unit based on the ON / OFF data. The input / output terminals 296 and 296 (with two terminals) are turned ON / OFF by 286 (output mode).

Here, as described above, the ID unit 288 stores the ID code of the switching element 228 itself or the identification data of the I / O sensor unit, and the memory 282 stores various data and path I / O interfaces. A communication protocol and the like for performing data communication with 234 are stored. If a failure occurs in the switching element 228, the data is also written into the memory 282 and transmitted to the bus I / O interface 234. In addition, the switching element 228 also has a self-holding function that maintains its current state when communication with the bus I / O interface 234 is lost.

The switching elements 228 are wired as shown in FIG. 21 on the driving substrates 223 and the power supply substrates 224 and 226 to form the switching unit 268. That is, 269 is a photocoupler made up of photodiode 269A and phototriac 269B, 271 is a resistor, 272 is a diode as a rectifying element, and 274 is a capacitor as a power storage element.

In this case, the capacitor 274 is connected to the output side of the diode 272, and the connection point of the diode 272 and the capacitor 274, the resistor 271 and the photodiode 269A are connected to one end of the switching element 228. It is connected in series. The other end of the switching element 228 is connected in front of the diode 272. The phototrial solution 269B is formed between the AC power supply line 221, the compressor 213, the fans 207 and 215, and the furnace heater 208, respectively.

When the diode 272 is connected to the signal line 222, power is supplied to the photodiode 269A through the resistor 271 as long as the high and low potential pulse signals constituting the data become high potential. The capacitor 274 is also charged. And while it is low, it discharges from the capacitor | condenser 274, and it is set as the structure which supplies the power of the photodiode 269A.

Similarly, when the Vcc power supply terminal 260 is connected to the connection point of the diode 272 and the condenser 274, and this Vcc power supply terminal 260 is connected to the power supply line, the photodiode 269A supplies power from the power supply line. It can be operated by supply. That is, in this case, since each element operates without charging the capacitor 274, convenience is improved when it is desired to operate quickly at the time of inspection or the like.

The operation will be described with the above configuration. In this case, the switch 239 assumes that the bus I / O interface 234 is connected to the signal line 222. First, the operation at the completion of assembling the refrigerator 201 will be described. Assuming that each temperature sensor 227 or switching elements 228... Are connected to the signal line 222, the CPU 231 of the controller 236 first switches each element (temperature sensor 227, switching) to the signal line 222. The connection status of the element 228 is scanned.

The control units 240 and 281 of the temperature sensor 227 and the switching element 228 return their ID codes stored in the memory 241 and the ID unit 288 in response to polling from the controller 236. The CPU 231 of the controller 236 identifies the connection status of the temperature sensor 227 and the switching elements 228 ... by the returned ID code, holds it in the memory 232, and subsequently stores this ID code. By using this method, data is transmitted to each element.

Next, the actual control operation will be described. The CPU 231 of the controller 236 polls the temperature sensor 227 at predetermined intervals. This polling is performed based on the above-described ID code. The control unit 240 of the temperature sensor 227 transmits the temperature data to the controller 236 as described above in response to this polling. The CPU 231 of the controller 236 first writes the received temperature data into the memory 232, compares the temperature data with the set temperature, and transmits ON / OFF data to the switching element 228 of the driving substrate 223. The signal is transmitted to the signal line 222 together with the ID code.

When the control unit 281 of the switching element 228 of the drive substrate 223 receives the ON / OFF data of its own ID code, the input / output terminals 296 and 296 are turned on / off as described above based on it. By the ON / OFF of the input / output terminals 296 and 296, the photodiode 269A is turned on (light emitting) / off (lighted off), whereby the phototriac 269B is turned on / off and thereby the compressor 213 is started / stopped.

In addition, since the fans 207 and 215 and the furnace heater 208 are continuously energized, the ON / OFF data of the meaning is transmitted based on the ID code of the switching element 228 of each power board 224 or 226. do. Each switching element 228 drives or energizes each of the fans 207 and 215 or the heater heater 208 based on the ON / OFF data.

If a failure occurs in the temperature sensor 227 or the switching elements 228..., The failure data is transmitted from the controller of each element to the controller 236. When the CPU 231 of the controller 236 receives such fault data, the indicator 237 indicates that the fault occurs in the corresponding temperature sensor 227 or the switching element 228. In addition, the switch 239 connects the bus I / O interface 234 to the communication line 242 to alert the personal computer P of its meaning.

In addition, in the situation where each refrigerator 201 controls each of the refrigerators as described above, when the CPU 231 of the controller 236 has failed, automatically or by an instruction from the personal computer P. The switch 239 connects the signal line 222 to the communication line 242. As a result, each device is controlled by the control from the personal computer P in place of the personal computer P for the transfer and control of the data of each of the temperature sensors 227 and the switching elements 228... .

Next, in the case of intensive control of each refrigerator 201 by the personal computer P, the switcher 239 switches the signal line 222 to a communication line (222) by an instruction from the controller 236 or the personal computer P. 242). As a result, since the personal computer P replaces the transfer and control of the data of each of the temperature sensors 227 and the switching elements 228, the refrigerator 201 is controlled by the personal computer P. Compressor 213 and the like are concentrated.

For example, when starting the compressors 213 of each refrigerator 201, the timing is delayed and started. This reduces control of the maximum power consumption, leveling the power, and the like.

In addition, although an Example demonstrated this invention as a business refrigerator, it is not limited to this, It is not limited to the home refrigerator in various electric appliances, such as a domestic refrigerator, a low temperature showcase, a prefab refrigerator, an air conditioner, a vending machine, or a car, a house. The present invention is also effective for automation and security systems.

Moreover, although the temperature sensor was adopted as a sensor in the Example, it is effective also as a humidity sensor and a pressure sensor by using the element which detects humidity, a pressure, etc. as a sensor part.

As described above, according to the present invention, the sensor-side control means of the sensor such as the temperature detection writes data detected by the detection element such as the temperature detection element into the storage means, and the main control via the signal line by the transmission / reception means Since data is transmitted to the means, the main control means of the apparatus such as the cold storage can receive the data without any problem.

In this case, since the sensor has its own ID code in the storage means, by connecting the sensor to the signal line, the main control means can identify the sensor, and the wiring of the sensor is completed. As a result, the sensor can be wired by a so-called plug-in, and the wiring can be remarkably simplified. Moreover, since the common software can be used for the main control means irrespective of the number of sensors or the like, it is also possible to achieve a significant reduction in cost by the common use of the main control means.

Moreover, the switching element side control means of the switching element which controls the operation of attachment parts, such as a compressor and a fan, controls a switching means based on the data from the main control means received by the transmission / reception means via the signal line, The main control means of the apparatus, etc., can control the attachment parts of the apparatus without interruption.

In this case, since the switching element has its ID code in the storage means, by connecting the switching element to the signal line, the main control means can identify the switching element, and the wiring of the switching element is completed. As a result, the switching elements can be wired by the so-called plug-in in the same manner, and the wiring can be remarkably simplified. Moreover, since the common software can be used for the main control means irrespective of the number of switching elements or the like, it is also possible to achieve a significant reduction in the cost by commonizing the main control means.

In addition to the above, the sensor and / or the switching element include a power storage element which charges while the signal line is at high potential and discharges and supplies power to each means while being at a low potential. The element is operated by electric power from a signal line for carrying data. Therefore, wiring is completed only by connecting a sensor or a switching element to a signal line, without connecting a sensor or a switching element to a power supply line, and the wiring by plug-in can be further simplified.

In addition to the above, since the sensor or the switching element is incorporated in an attachment part attached to a device such as a cold storage, the attachment part wiring can be made by simply attaching the attachment part to the device and connecting the sensor or switching element to the signal line. Will be completed. This makes the assembly workability at the time of production or the part expansion work | work after that become extremely easy.

24 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a commercial refrigerator 301 as an example of a device as a third embodiment to which the present invention is applied, and FIG. 25 shows an electrical system wiring diagram of the refrigerator 301. In FIG. 24, in the refrigerator 301, a main body 305 is formed of a heat insulating housing 302 that opens to the front, and a storage chamber 303 is formed in the heat insulating housing 302. Opening and closing of the front opening of the storage chamber 303 is freely closed by the door 304. In the storage chamber 303, a cooler 306 constituting a refrigeration cycle of the cooling device and a fan 307 driven by a motor are provided.

A defroster defroster 330 (FIG. 25) is attached to the cooler 306, and a condensation preventing aisle heater 308 is disposed on an opening edge of the heat insulating housing 302. At the same time, the operation panel 311 of the control box 309 as the main control means is attached to the front surface of the door 304.

On the other hand, a machine room 312 is formed below the insulated housing 302, and in this machine room 312, together with the cooler 306, a compressor 313, a condenser 314, constituting a refrigeration cycle of a cooling device, A condenser fan 316 and the like are provided.

When the compressor 313 is operated, the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 313 is radiated and condensed by the condenser 314, decompressed by a pressure reducing device (not shown), and then supplied to the cooler 306. In the cooler 306, this coolant exerts a cooling action by evaporation, after which the low-temperature gas coolant returns to the compressor 313 again. When the inside fan 307 is operated, the cold air cooled by the cooler 306 is circulated into the storage chamber 303, whereby the inside of the storage chamber 303 is cooled.

In addition, when the condenser fan 316 is operated, the outside air is ventilated through the condenser 314 and the compressor 313, so that they are air cooled. The defroster 330 is energized every predetermined time or at a predetermined time. When the defroster 330 is energized, defrost is performed by generating heat to heat the cooler 306. In addition, when the furnace heater 308 is energized, the opening edge of the heat insulating housing 302 is heated to prevent condensation.

Next, in FIG. 25, 321 is an AC power supply line wired in the main body 305 of the refrigerator 301, and 322 is a signal line for carrying data. The control box 309 is connected to the AC power line 321 and the signal line 322, and at the same time, the drive board 323 of the compressor 313, the power board 324 of the fans 307 and 316, and the The defroster 330 and the power supply substrate 326 of the furnace heater 308 are connected to the AC power supply line 321.

In addition, the signal line 322 has a chip-shaped memory device 325, a chip-like internal temperature sensor 327 as a sensor for detecting the temperature in the storage chamber 303, and a chip-shaped sensor as the sensor for detecting the temperature of the cooler 306. On-chip high temperature sensor 320 as a defrost sensor 310, a sensor for detecting the temperature of the condenser 314, and a chip-shaped switching element attached to the driving substrate 323 and the power supply substrates 324 and 326, respectively. 328... Are connected via connectors, respectively.

In addition, although one switching element 328 is shown on the power supply boards 324 and 326, each of the fans 307 and 316, the defroster 330, and the furnace heater 308 is provided respectively.

In the embodiment, these driving substrates 323 and the power supply substrates 324 and 326 are composed of a compressor 313, each fan 307 and 316 and a defroster 330, and a separate heater heater 308. These driving substrates 323 and the power supply substrates 324 and 326, together with the respective switching elements 328, the compressor 313, the respective fans 307 and 316 and the defroster 330, and the furnace heater 308 It is good also as a structure built into each.

According to such a structure, wiring is carried out only by connecting to the connector of each switching element 328 and signal line 322 built in the compressor 313, the fan 307, 316 or the defroster 330, and the heater heater 308. Since this becomes a completed form, assembly and wiring workability are further improved.

The structure of the said control box 309 is shown in FIG. The control box 309 is provided with a controller (substrate) 336. The controller 336 is composed of a CPU (microcomputer) 331, a memory 332 as a storage means, an I / O interface 333, a bus I / O interface 334 as a transmission / reception means, and the like. The control box 309 is provided with an indicator 337 composed of a liquid crystal display panel, a switch 338 as an input means (keyboard, mouse, etc.), a switch 339 as a switching means, and the like. 337 and the switch 338 are connected to the I / O interface 333 and are disposed on the operation panel 311.

The bus I / O interface 334 is connected to the signal line 322 through the switch 339, and the memory device 325, the temperature sensor 327, and the switching element 328 through the signal line 322. ...) and data transfer. An external laptop personal computer P (external control device having a display, keyboard, mouse, etc.) and the like can be connected to the switching device 339 through the communication line 342. The switch 339 normally connects the bus I / O interface 334 and the signal line 322, but when the personal computer P is connected, the bus I / O interface 334 (that is, the control box ( 309) is separated from the signal line 322, and the personal computer P is connected to the signal line 322.

The controller 336 also performs data communication with the temperature sensor 327, the defrost sensor 310, the high temperature sensor 320, the switching element 328, the storage device 325, or the personal computer P. Predetermined communication protocols, software for searching and identifying each sensor 327, 310, 320, switching element 328, and storage device 325 to be described later, display image data on the display 337, and the like are set. have.

In the personal computer P, a predetermined communication protocol for performing data communication with the respective sensors 327, 310, 320, the switching element 328, the storage device 325, and the controller 336 or each sensor described later ( It is assumed that software for searching and identifying the 327, 310, 320, the switching element 328, and the memory device 325 is set.

Next, the structure of the inside temperature sensor 327, the defrost sensor 310, and the high temperature sensor 320 is shown in FIG. In addition, since each sensor 327,310,320 is the same structure, the following internal temperature sensor 327 is described. As shown in detail in FIG. 27A, the temperature sensor 327 includes a control unit 340 as a terminal side control means, a memory 341 as a storage means, an I / O interface as a transmission / reception means and a storage means. 343, the sensor unit 344 as the detection means, the TH register 345A, the TL register 345B, the setting register 345C for determining the state, and the CRC generator 346 for conformity of communication. And a power supply detecting unit 347 for detecting a Vcc power source described later, a capacitor 348 constituting the power storage means, diodes 349A, 349B, and the like.

In this case, the capacitor 348 is connected to the output side of the diodes 349A and 349B, and the input terminal 376 is connected to the diode 349A and the I / O interface 343. The input terminal 376 is connected to a signal line 322 (not shown). The capacitor 348 is also connected to the I / O interface 343.

When the temperature sensor 327 is connected to the signal line 322 (not shown), the pulse signals of the high potential (+ 5V) and the low potential (0V) constituting the data become high potentials as they are. Power is supplied to the device, and the capacitor 348 is also charged. And while it is low potential, it discharges from the capacitor | condenser 348, and it is set as the structure which the power supply of each element is provided.

The temperature sensor 327 is also provided with a Vcc (DC + 5V) power supply terminal 377, connected to a diode 349B, and the temperature sensor 327 connects the Vcc power supply terminal 377 to a power supply line. When connected, each element is comprised so that it may operate | move by the power supply from a power supply line (power supply mode). That is, in this power supply mode, each element operates without charging the capacitor 348, so that convenience is improved when the temperature sensor 327 is to be operated quickly at the time of inspection.

The control unit 361 also uses the sensor unit 364 to store the interior of the chamber based on a temperature detection instruction input from the input terminal 376 to the I / O interface 343 via the signal line 322 (not shown). It detects, receives the temperature data, and writes it to the memory 341 once. The temperature data written in the memory 341 is transmitted to the bus I / O interface 334 connected to the signal line 322 by the I / O interface 343.

Here, ID code of the temperature sensor 327 itself or identification data of a sensor meaning is written in the I / O interface 343, and the upper limit temperature TH of the show case is written in the TH register 345A, and the TL is displayed. The lower limit temperature TL is written in the register 345B. Data of these upper limit temperature TH and lower limit temperature TL is transmitted from the I / O interface 343 via the signal line 322. In the memory 341, a communication protocol for performing data communication with the bus I / O interface 334 is stored. When a failure occurs in the temperature sensor 327, the failure data is also written into the memory 341 and transmitted to the bus I / O interface 334. In addition, the temperature sensor 327 has a self-holding function for maintaining the current state when communication with the bus I / O interface 334 is lost.

FIG. 27B shows a map of the memory 341. The memory 341 is an 8-bit scratch pad, and each data is stored in each byte from 0 to 8. FIG. In Fig. 27 (b), 0 bytes is the lower temperature data, 1 byte is the upper temperature data, 2 bytes is the upper limit temperature (TH) and user use memory, 3 bytes is the lower limit temperature (TL) and user use memory, 4 bytes. Save the configuration data. Do not use 5 to 7 bytes, but store CRC data in 8 bytes.

On the other hand, the configuration of the switching element 328 is shown in FIG. The switching element 328 is a control unit 381 as a terminal side control means, memories 382 and 383, an I / O interface 384, an input / output unit 386, and the input / output unit 386 is in an input state. And a state storage unit 387 for storing whether or not it is an output state, an ID unit 388 for storing its own ID code, a capacitor 389, diodes 391, 392, and the like.

In this case, the capacitor 389 is connected to the output side of the diodes 391 and 392, and the input terminal 393 of the switching element 328 connected to the terminal of the capacitor 389 is connected to the signal line 322. When connected, power is supplied to each element as it is while the high and low potential pulse signals constituting the data become high potential as described above, and the capacitor 389 is also charged. And while it is low potential, it discharges from the capacitor | condenser 389, and it is set as the structure which the power supply of each element is supplied.

The switching element 328 is also provided with a Vcc (DC + 5V) power supply terminal 394 connected to the input side of the diode 392. When the Vcc power supply terminal 394 is connected to a power supply line, the switching element 328 is provided. Each element of) can operate by supplying power from a power supply line. That is, in this case, since each element operates without charging the capacitor 389, convenience is improved when it is desired to quickly operate the switching element 328 during inspection.

When the ON / OFF data is transmitted from the bus I / O interface 334 via the signal line 322 by the I / O interface 384, the control unit 381 receives an input / output unit based on the ON / OFF data. The input / output terminals 396 and 396 (with two terminals) are turned ON / OFF by the 386 (output mode).

Here, as described above, the ID unit 388 stores the ID code of the switching element 328 itself or the identification data of the I / O sensor unit, and the memory 382 stores various data and bus I / O interfaces. A communication protocol for performing data communication with 334 is stored. When a failure occurs in the switching element 328, the corresponding data is also written into the memory 382 and transmitted to the bus I / O interface 334. In addition, the switching element 328 also has a self-holding function to maintain the current state when communication with the bus I / O interface 334 is lost.

These switching elements 328 are wired as shown in FIG. 29 on each of the driving boards 323 and the power boards 324 and 326 to form the switching unit 368. That is, 369 is a photocoupler composed of the photodiode 369A and the phototriac 369B, 371 is a resistor, 372 is a diode as a rectifying element, and 374 is a capacitor as a power storage element.

In this case, the capacitor 374 is connected to the output side of the diode 372, and the connection point of the diode 372 and the capacitor 374, the resistor 371 and the photodiode 369A are connected to one end of the switching element 328. It is connected in series. The other end of the switching element 328 is connected in front of the diode 372. The phototrial solution 369B is provided between the AC power supply line 321, the compressor 313, the fans 307 and 315, and the furnace heater 308, respectively.

When the diode 372 is connected to the signal line 322, power is supplied to the photodiode 369A through the resistor 371 as long as the high and low potential pulse signals constituting the data become high potential. The capacitor 374 is also charged. In the low potential, the capacitor discharges from the capacitor 374 to supply power to the photodiode 369A.

Similarly, when the Vcc power supply terminal 360 is connected to the connection point of the diode 372 and the condenser 374, and this Vcc power supply terminal 360 is connected to the power supply line, the photodiode 369A supplies power from the power supply line. It can be operated by supply. That is, in this case, since each element is operated without charging the capacitor 374, convenience is improved when it is desired to operate quickly at the time of inspection or the like.

On the other hand, the configuration of the memory device 325 is shown in FIG. The storage device 325 includes a CPU 381 as a storage device side control means, a ROM 382, a RAM 383, an EEPROM 384 as a storage means, an I / O interface 386 as a transmission and reception means, And a capacitor 387 as a power storage element, a diode 388 as a rectifying element, and the like.

In this case, the capacitor 388 is connected to the output side of the diode 387, and each element is connected to the connection point of the diode 387 and the capacitor 388. When the memory device 325 is connected to the signal line 322, power is supplied to each element as it is while the high and low potential pulse signals constituting the data become high potential as described above, and the capacitor 388 Is also charged. And while it is low, it discharges from the capacitor | condenser 388, and it is set as the structure which the power supply of each element is supplied.

In addition, when data is transmitted from the controller 336 or the personal computer P via the signal line 322 by the I / O interface 386, the CPU 381 stores the data simultaneously sent based on the data. (383) is used to write to the EEPROM 384, and the data written to the EEPROM 384 is transmitted to the controller 336 or the personal computer P by the I / O interface 386.

Here, the ROM 382 stores an ID code of the storage device 325 itself, identification data meaning a storage device, and a protocol for performing data communication between the controller 336 and the personal computer P, and the like. have.

The operation will be described with the above configuration. First, it is assumed that the personal computer P is not connected to the switch 339, and the operation at the time of production of the refrigerator 301 will be described. Assuming that each sensor 327, 310, 320 or switching element 328... Is connected to the signal line 322, the controller 336 (the CPU 331 of the controller 336) first starts each element (the sensor ( The connection statuses of the 327, 310, and 320, the switching elements 328, and the memory device 325 are searched for.

In this case, the controller 336 makes an ID request to all the sensors 327, 310, 320, the switching elements 328..., The storage device 325, and responds to all the sensors 327, 310, 320, The switching elements 328... And the storage device 325 return their ID codes and the like to the controller 336. The controller 336 is connected to each signal of the memory device 325, the internal temperature sensor 327, the defrost sensor 310, and the high temperature sensor 320 to the signal line 322 based on the responded ID code or the like. Switching element 328 for compressor 313, Switching element 328 for defroster 330, Switching element 328 for internal fan 307, Switching element 328 for furnace heater 308. It recognizes that each switching element of (actually there is also a fan for condenser) is connected.

The controller 336 retains the connection status of the recognized temperature sensors 327, 310, 320, the switching elements 328..., And the memory device 325 in the memory 332, and subsequently uses this ID code. Data is sent to each device.

Next, the operation at the time of shipment of the refrigerator 301 will be described. That is, in the inspection at the time of shipment, the personal computer P is connected to the switch 339. At this time, as described above, the controller 336 is separated from the signal line 322. In this state, from the personal computer P, parameters such as the type (refrigeration and refrigeration), control method, function (temperature zone), etc. of the refrigerator 301 are stored in the storage device 325 via the signal line 322. ).

The storage device 325 writes the data of the parameter transmitted from the personal computer P into a predetermined area in the EEPROM 384.

Thereafter, the personal computer P is disconnected from the switch 339, and the controller 336 is connected to the signal line 322 again. When the controller 336 is connected to the signal line 322, the controller 325 accesses the storage device 325 and reads the parameter written in the EEPROM 384 from the storage device 325 as described above, and then stores the memory 332 in its memory 332. Hold on. Thereby, setting of parameters from the personal computer P to the controller 336 is completed.

Next, the controller 336 transmits ON / OFF data to the signal line 322 together with each ID code of the switching element 328 of the driving substrate 323 and the switching element 328 of the power supply substrate 324. The compressor 313 and the internal fan 307 are started to start the cooling operation. The CPU 331 of the controller 336 polls the sensors 327, 310, and 320 at a predetermined cycle. This polling is performed based on the above-described ID code. The CPU 340 of the sensors 327, 310, 320 transmits the temperature data to the controller 336 in response to this polling. The CPU 331 of the controller 336 writes the received temperature data into the memory 332 once, and then performs the function assignment of each sensor based on the transition of the temperature data after starting such cooling operation.

That is, when the temperature by the temperature data rises after a certain time has elapsed after the start of the cooling operation, the controller 336 performs the function assignment of the meaning that the sensor of the corresponding ID is the high temperature sensor 310, and the memory 332 Remember. In addition, when the temperature by the temperature data falls and the temperature is relatively high, the controller 336 performs the function assignment of the meaning of the internal temperature sensor 327 to the sensor of the ID, and stores it in the memory 332. . In addition, when the temperature by the temperature data falls and the temperature is relatively low, the controller 336 performs the capacity allocation of the meaning that the sensor of the ID is the defrost sensor 320 and stores it in the memory 332. . Thereby, the function of each sensor is assigned to the controller 336, without setting previously.

Next, the actual control operation after the refrigerator 301 is installed will be described. As described above, the CPU 331 of the controller 336 polls the sensors 327, 310, and 320 at predetermined cycles. This polling is performed based on the above-described ID code. The CPU 343 of the sensors 327, 310, 320 transmits the temperature data to the controller 336 as described above in response to this polling. The CPU 331 of the controller 336 writes the received temperature data into the memory 332 once, and compares the temperature data from the internal temperature sensor 327 with the set temperature in the parameters set as described above. The ON / OFF data is transmitted to the signal line 322 together with the ID code of the switching element 328 of the driving substrate 323.

When the control unit 281 of the switching element 328 of the drive substrate 323 receives the ON / OFF data of its own ID code, the input / output terminals 296 and 296 are turned on / off as described above. By the ON / OFF of the input / output terminals 296 and 296, the photodiode 369A is turned on (light emitting) / off (lighted off), whereby the phototriac 369B is turned on / off and thereby the compressor 313 is started / stopped.

In addition, the CPU 331 of the controller 336 transmits ON / OFF data to the signal line 322 together with the ID code of the switching element 328 of the power supply substrate 326 at a predetermined cycle or at a predetermined time. The defroster 330 is energized to defrost the cooler 306. Then, based on the temperature data from the defrost sensor 310 received as described above, the defrost control of the cooler 306 (end to a predetermined temperature) is executed.

In addition, since each fan 307 and 315 and the furnace heater 308 are continuous energization, the ON / OFF data of the meaning is transmitted based on the ID code of the switching element 328 of each power board 324,326. do. Each switching element 328 drives or energizes each of the fans 307 and 315 or the furnace heater 308 based on the corresponding ON / OFF data.

In addition, the controller 336 judges the failure of the sensor when the temperature data from any sensor does not change even after the start of operation based on the temperature data from each sensor 327, 310, or 320. In addition, when the temperature data from all the sensors does not change, it determines with the failure of the cooling apparatus itself, such as the compressor 313. If the temperature data from the sensor cannot be accepted, it is determined that the line between the sensor and the sensor is disconnected.

Further, even when data from the switching element 328... Is unacceptable, it is determined that the switching element 328 is broken or broken. When such a failure occurs, the CPU 331 of the controller 336 displays the meaning that a failure has occurred in the corresponding sensors 327, 310, 320 or the switching elements 328.

The personal computer P is connected to the switch 339 when the maintenance and inspection (maintenance) of the refrigerator 301 is performed on the basis of such a failure indication or periodically. As a result, the controller 336 is separated from the signal line 322 as described above, and the personal computer P is connected to the signal line 322 instead. When a predetermined key operation is performed on the personal computer P, the personal computer P accesses the storage device 325 and converges maintenance history data.

Here, in the EEPROM 384 of the storage device 325, a maintenance history data file as shown in FIG. 32 is created, and in this maintenance history data file, the date of the part name exchanged with the maintenance performed so far and It is written together. When the data request is made from the personal computer P, the storage device 325 transmits the maintenance history data in the maintenance history data file to the personal computer P.

The personal computer P receives this maintenance history data, and displays on the display a part name and a date replaced by the maintenance performed on the refrigerator 301 so far, respectively.

The maintenance worker (serviceman) can look at such a maintenance history (part replacement list), grasp the failure situation which has occurred in the refrigerator 301 so far, and can analyze it. For example, when the same sensor is frequently replaced, it can be determined that the sensor itself is defective. Thereby, a quick countermeasure can be taken.

And when repair, replacement | exchange, etc. are complete | finished, the name of the person in charge who performed maintenance (name of a serviceman) is input by the key operation of the personal computer P. The personal computer P writes the inputted person name into the maintenance history data file in the storage device 325 together with the date of the day.

Then, when the personal computer P is separated from the switch 339, the controller 336 requests the ID request to all the sensors 327, 310, 320, the switching elements 328, and the storage device 325 as described above. In response to this, all the sensors 327, 310, 320, the switching elements 328..., And the storage device 325 return their ID1 codes and the like to the controller 336. The controller 336 recognizes that each element is connected to the signal line 322 as described above based on the returned IID code or the like.

The controller 336 retains the connection status of the recognized temperature sensors 327, 310, 320, the switching elements 328..., And the memory device 325 in the memory 332, and subsequently uses the ID code as well. The data is transmitted to each element. Here, if the temperature sensor 327 has been replaced by the above-described maintenance, the controller 336 uses the ID code of the new temperature sensor 327 that has been accepted. It recognizes that the temperature sensor 327 is connected to the signal line 322.

As a result, the controller 336 then transfers data to and from the temperature sensor 327 after the replacement. When the controller 336 finds a new temperature sensor 327, the controller 336 writes the new temperature sensor 327 to the maintenance history data file in the EEPROM 384 of the storage device 325 together with the ID code. In this case, in contrast to the date of the day, the ID code of the replaced new temperature sensor 327 is written in the file together with the name of the person in charge who performed the maintenance on the day.

On the other hand, when the CPU 331 itself of the controller 336 fails, the personal computer P is connected to the signal line 322 by connecting the personal computer P to the switcher 339. As a result, the transfer and control of the data of the sensors 327, 310, 320 and the switching elements 328... Are performed by the control from the personal computer P instead of the personal computer P. Can be controlled.

In this case, the control boxes 309... Of the plurality of refrigerators 301... Can be connected to the personal computer P via the communication line 342, as shown in FIGS. 26 and 30. Therefore, when the personal computer P replaces the control due to the above-described failure or the user's request, the operation of each refrigerator 301... Can be centrally controlled by the personal computer P. FIG. In such a case, for example, control such as leveling the cost power by delaying the start timing of the compressors 313 of the respective refrigerators 301.

Moreover, although the sensor which detects a temperature is employ | adopted in the Example, this invention is effective also as a humidity sensor and a pressure sensor by using the element which detects humidity, a pressure, etc. as a sensor part.

Moreover, although an Example demonstrated this invention as a business refrigerator, the home automation and security system in various electric appliances, such as a domestic refrigerator, a low temperature showcase, a prefab refrigerator, and a vending machine, or a car and a house, is not limited to this. The present invention is also effective.

As described above, according to the present invention, a sensor or switching element is provided between the signal line wired in the device, the main control means provided in the device, and the data transfer between the signal line and the main control means. Alternatively, the switching element receives the main control means and data via the signal line, and the device is controlled to be operated by the main control means.

In particular, a storage device connected to the signal line and switching means for connecting the external control device to the signal line are provided, and the storage device holds a maintenance history data file in which the maintenance history of the device is written, and at the same time, the external control on the signal line. Since the data in the maintenance history data file held by the external control device is read and the data is written by the external control device while the device is connected, it is external to the signal line by the switching means when performing maintenance and inspection of the device. The control device can be connected, and the external control device can read the data in the maintenance history data file of the storage device, and write data on the details of the failure to the storage device after the inspection.

This makes it possible to easily grasp the past maintenance history which occurred in the device, and to perform accurate analysis and countermeasures. In addition, there is no concern for the user, as in the case of writing on a conventional label, and there is no worry of unnecessary useless anxiety.

In addition to the above, when the sensor or switching element is replaced, the main control means searches for a new sensor or switching element and writes it to the maintenance history data file in the storage device. This eliminates the need to write to the storage device, thereby improving maintenance workability.

In addition to the above, the storage device side control means of the storage device controls the reading and writing of data in the storage means based on the data received from the main control means and the external control device received by the transmission and reception means via the signal line. The control means and the external control device can read and write data to and from the storage device without any problem. In this case, since the storage device is operated by the power from the signal line for carrying data, the storage device can be operated without receiving another power supply by being connected to the signal line.

As a result, according to the present invention, it is possible to wire the memory device by a so-called plug-in, and it is possible to simplify the wiring.

In addition to the above, the sensor-side control means of the sensor writes the data detected by the detection element into the storage means and transmits the data to the main control means via the signal line by the transmitting and receiving means, so that the main control means of the apparatus is not affected Can accept the data In this case, since the sensor has its own ID code in the storage means, by connecting the sensor to the signal line, the main control means can identify the sensor, and the wiring of the sensor is completed.

In addition to the above, the switching element side control means of the switching element controls the switching means based on the data from the main control means received by the transmission and reception means via the signal line, so that the main control means of the apparatus Control can be performed. Also in this case, since the switching element has its ID code in the storage means, by connecting the switching element to the signal line, the main control means can identify the switching element, and the wiring of the switching element is completed.

These enable wiring of the storage device, the sensor and the switching element by a so-called plug-in, and it is possible to simplify the remarkable wiring, and also to search for the sensor and the switching element by the main control means as described above. This is done quickly and accurately by the ID code. In addition, since it is possible to use common software for the main control means or the external control device regardless of the number of storage devices, sensors, switching elements, or the like, it is also possible to achieve a significant reduction in cost due to commonization.

33 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a business refrigerator 401 as an example of a device as a fourth embodiment to which the present invention is applied, FIG. 34 is a view showing the refrigerators 401A, 401B, and 401C in parallel. The wiring diagram of the signal system of each refrigerator 401A, 401B, and 401C is shown. In each figure, the refrigerator 401 (representing each refrigerator 401A, 401B, 401C of the same structure shown in FIG. 34) is the main body 405 by the heat insulation housing 402 which opens to the front surface. Is comprised, and the storage chamber 403 is comprised in this heat insulation housing 402. Opening and closing of the front opening of the storage chamber 403 is freely closed by the door 404. In the storage chamber 403, a cooler 406 constituting a refrigeration cycle of the cooling device and a fan 407 driven by a motor are provided.

Defroster (electric heater) 430 (FIG. 35) is attached to cooler 406, and condensation prevention heater 408 is disposed on the opening edge of heat insulating housing 402. In particular, the operation panel 411 of the control box 409 as the main control means is attached to the front surface of the door 404 of the refrigerator 401A.

On the other hand, a machine room 412 is formed below the heat insulating housing 402, and in this machine room 412, together with the cooler 406, a compressor 413, a condenser 414, which constitutes a refrigeration cycle of a cooling device, A condenser fan 416 and the like are provided.

When the compressor 413 is operated, the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 413 is radiated and condensed by the condenser 414, decompressed by a pressure reducing device (not shown), and then supplied to the cooler 406. The cooler 406 exerts a cooling action by evaporating the refrigerant, and the low-temperature gas refrigerant then returns to the compressor 413 again. When the internal fan 407 is operated, the cold air cooled by the cooler 406 is circulated into the storage chamber 403, whereby the inside of the storage chamber 403 is cooled.

In addition, when the condenser fan 416 is operated, the outside air is ventilated through the condenser 414 and the compressor 413, so that they are air cooled. The defroster 430 is energized every predetermined time or at a predetermined time. When the defroster 430 is energized, defrost is performed by generating heat to heat the cooler 406. In addition, when the furnace heater 408 is energized, the opening edge of the heat insulation housing 402 is heated, and dew condensation is prevented.

Next, in FIG. 35, 421 is an AC power supply line wired in the main body 405 of each refrigerator 401A, 401B, 401C, and 422 is a signal line for carrying data. The signal line 22 is wired in the main body 405 of each of the refrigerators 401A, 401B, and 401C, and a connection wiring (signal line) 422A is also disposed between the refrigerators 401A, 401B, and 401C. have. The signal lines 422... Of the refrigerators 401A, 401B, and 401C are branched from the connection wiring 422A. As described later, each element connected to the signal lines 422 of the refrigerators 401A, 401B, and 401C constitutes a system, and the signal lines 422 located at branch points to the systems are switched as shown in FIG. 35. Devices 425 are each connected.

In this case, the refrigerators 401A, 401B, and 401C are intensively controlled, and the refrigerator serving as the control leader is the refrigerator 401A. The control box 409 is connected to the AC power line 421 and the connection line 422A of the refrigerator 401A. In addition, the AC power line 421 and the signal line 422 of each refrigerator 401A, 401B, and 401C have a driving substrate 423 of the compressor 413 and a power substrate 442 of each of the fans 407 and 416. And the defroster 430 and the power substrate 426 of the furnace heater 408.

In addition, the signal lines 422 of the refrigerators 401A, 401B, and 401C each have a chip-like internal temperature sensor 427 as a sensor for detecting a temperature in the storage chamber 403 and a chip as a sensor for detecting the temperature of the cooler 406. On-chip defrosting sensor 410, on-chip high temperature sensor 420 as a sensor for detecting the temperature of condenser 414, and on-chip switching attached to the driving substrate 423 and power supply substrates 424 and 426, respectively. Elements 428... Are each connected via a connector.

In addition, although one switching element 428 is shown on the power supply boards 424 and 426, each of the fans 407 and 416, the defroster 430, and the furnace heater 408 are provided respectively.

In the embodiment, the driving substrate 423 and the power supply substrates 424 and 426 are composed of a compressor 413, a fan 407 and 416 and a defroster 430, and a furnace heater 408. However, these driving substrates 423 and the power supply substrates 424 and 426, together with the respective switching elements 428, the compressor 413, the respective fans 407 and 416 and the defroster 430, and the furnace heater ( 408 may be incorporated.

According to such a structure, wiring is carried out only by connecting to the compressor 413, the fan 407, 416 or the defroster 430, and the connector of each switching element 428 and the signal line 22 built in the heater heater 408. Since this becomes a completed form, assembly and wiring workability are further improved.

Next, the configuration of the control box 409 installed in the refrigerator 401A is shown in FIG. The controller (substrate) 426 is provided in the control box 409. The controller 436 includes a CPU (microcomputer) 431, a memory 432 as a storage means, an I / O interface 433, a bus I / O interface 434 as a transmission / reception means, and the like. In addition, the control box 409 is provided with an indicator 437 composed of a liquid crystal display panel, a switch 438 or the like as an input means (keyboard, mouse, etc.), and the indicator 437 and the switch 438 are provided with I. It is connected to the / O interface 433 and disposed on the operation panel 411.

In addition, the bus I / O interface 434 is connected to the connection wiring 422A, and through the connection wiring 422A and the signal line 422, the refrigerator 401A and the refrigerators 401B and 401C that are provided together. The temperature sensor 427, the switching element 428..., And data are transferred. The switching device 425 controls whether the signal lines 422 of the refrigerators 401A, 401B, and 401C are connected (signal closure) or disconnected (signal system opening) to the connection wiring 422A as described later. It opens and closes the signal system of the controller 436 and each system (refrigerators 401A, 401B, 401C).

In addition, the controller 436 has a predetermined communication protocol for performing data communication with the temperature sensor 427, the defrost sensor 410, the high temperature sensor 420, the switching element 428, and the switching device 425. In addition, software for searching and identifying each of the sensors 427, 410, 420, the switching element 428, and the switching device 425 described later, display image data on the display 437, and the like are set.

Next, the structure of the inside temperature sensor 427, the defrost sensor 410, and the high temperature sensor 420 is shown in FIG. In addition, since each sensor 427, 410, 420 is the same structure, the following internal temperature sensor 427 is described. As shown in detail in FIG. 36A, the temperature sensor 427 includes a control unit 440 as a terminal-side control means, a memory 441 as a storage means, an I / O interface as a transmission / reception means and a storage means. 443, the sensor unit 444 as the detection means, the TH register 445A, the TL register 445B, the setting register 445C for determining the state, and the CRC generator 446 for conforming the communication. ), A power supply detector 447 for detecting a Vcc power source described later, a capacitor 448 constituting a power storage means, diodes 449A, 449B, and the like.

In this case, the capacitor 448 is connected to the output side of the diodes 449A and 449B, and the input terminal 476 is connected to the diode 449A and the I / O interface 443. The input terminal 476 is connected to a signal line 422 (not shown). The condenser 448 is also connected to the I / O interface 443.

Then, when the temperature sensor 427 is connected to the signal line 422 (not shown), the pulse sensors of the high potential (+ 5V) and low potential (0V) constituting the data become high potential as they are. Power is supplied to the device, and the capacitor 448 is also charged. And while it is low potential, it discharges from the capacitor | condenser 448, and it is set as the structure which the power supply of each element is supplied.

The temperature sensor 427 is also provided with a Vcc (DC + 5V) power supply terminal 477, connected to a diode 449B, and the temperature sensor 427 connects the Vcc power supply terminal 477 to a power supply line. When connected, each element is comprised so that it may operate | move by the power supply from a power supply line (power supply mode). That is, in this power supply mode, each element is operated without charging the capacitor 448, so convenience is improved when the temperature sensor 427 is to be operated quickly at the time of inspection or the like.

The control unit 461 also uses the sensor unit 464 based on a temperature detection instruction input from the input terminal 476 to the I / O interface 443 via the signal line 22 (not shown). It detects, receives the temperature data, and writes it to the memory 441 once. The temperature data written in the memory 441 is then transmitted to the bus I / O interface 434 connected to the signal line 422 by the I / O interface 443.

Here, ID code of the temperature sensor 427 itself or identification data of a sensor means is written in the I / O interface 443, and the upper limit temperature TH of the show case is written in the TH register 445A. The lower limit temperature TL is written in the register 445B. Data of these upper limit temperature TH and lower limit temperature TL is transmitted from the I / O interface 443 via the signal line 22. The memory 441 also stores a communication protocol for performing data communication with the bus I / O interface 434. If a failure occurs in the temperature sensor 427, the failure data is also written into the memory 441 and transmitted to the bus I / O interface 434. In addition, the temperature sensor 427 has a self-holding function for maintaining the current state when communication with the bus I / O interface 434 is lost.

36 (b) shows a map of the memory 441, which is an 8-bit scratch pad, and each data is stored in each of bytes 0 through 8. FIG. In Fig. 36 (b), 0 bytes are the lower temperature data, 1 byte is the upper temperature data, 2 bytes are the upper limit temperature (TH) and user use memory, 3 bytes are the lower limit temperature (TL) and user use memory, 4 bytes. Save the configuration data. 5 to 7 bytes are unused, and CRC data is stored in 8 bytes.

On the other hand, the configuration of the switching element 428 is shown in FIG. The switching element 428 is a control unit 481 as a terminal side control means, memories 482 and 483, an I / O interface 484, an input / output unit 486, and the input / output unit 486 is in an input state. And a state storage section 487 for storing whether or not it is an output state, an ID section 488 for storing its own ID code, a capacitor 489, diodes 491, 492, and the like.

In this case, when the capacitor 489 is connected to the output side of the diodes 491 and 492, and the input terminal 493 of the switching element 428 to which each element is connected to the terminal of this capacitor is connected to the signal line 422, As described above, while the high and low potential pulse signals constituting the data become high potential, power is supplied to each element as it is, and the capacitor 489 is also charged. And while it is low potential, it discharges from the capacitor | condenser 248, and it is set as the structure which the power supply of each element is supplied.

The switching element 428 is also provided with a Vcc (DC + 5V) power supply terminal 494 connected to the input side of the diode 492. When the Vcc power supply terminal 494 is connected to a power supply line, the switching element 428 Each element of) can operate by supplying power from a power supply line. That is, in this case, since each element is operated without charging the capacitor 489, convenience is improved when it is desired to quickly operate the switching element 428 at the time of inspection or the like.

In addition, when the ON / 0FF data is transmitted from the bus I / O interface 434 through the signal line 422 by the I / O interface 484, the control unit 481 uses the I / O interface 484 based on the ON / OFF data. The input / output terminals 496 and 496 (with two terminals) are turned ON / OFF by the output (486) (output mode).

Here, as described above, the ID unit 488 stores the ID code of the switching element 428 itself or the identification data of the I / O sensor unit, and the memory 482 stores various data and bus I / O interfaces. Communication protocols for performing data communication with 434 are stored. If a failure occurs in the switching element 428, the data is also written into the memory 482 and transmitted to the bus I / O interface 434. In addition, the switching element 428 also has a self-holding function to maintain the current state when communication with the bus I / O interface 434 is lost.

The switching elements 428 are wired as shown in FIG. 38 on the driving substrates 423 and the power supply substrates 424 and 426 to form the switching unit 468. That is, 469 is a photocoupler composed of a photodiode 469A and a phototriac 469B, 471 is a resistor, 472 is a diode as a rectifying element, and 474 is a capacitor as a power storage element.

In this case, the capacitor 474 is connected to the output side of the diode 472, and the connection point of the diode 472 and the capacitor 474, the resistor 471 and the photodiode 469A are connected to one end of the switching element 428. It is connected in series. The other end of the switching element 428 is connected in front of the diode 472. The phototrial solution 469B is provided between the AC power line 421, the compressor 413, the fans 407 and 415, and the furnace heater 408, respectively.

When the diode 472 is connected to the signal line 422, power is supplied to the photodiode 469A through the resistor 471 as long as the high and low potential pulse signals constituting the data become high potential. The capacitor 474 is also charged. During the low potential, the capacitor is discharged from the capacitor 474 to supply power to the photodiode 469A.

Similarly, when the Vcc power supply terminal 460 is connected to the connection point of the diode 472 and the condenser 474, and this Vcc power supply terminal 460 is connected to the power supply line, the photodiode 469A supplies power from the power supply line. It can be operated by supply. That is, in that case, since each element operates without charging the capacitor 474, convenience is improved when it is desired to operate it quickly at the time of inspection or the like.

On the other hand, the configuration of the switching device 425 is shown in FIG. The switching device 425 is composed of a controller 491 including a switching device side control means, an opening / closing means and a transmission / reception means, a memory 492 as a storage means, a light emitting diode 493, a resistor 494 and the like. have. The terminal S3 of the controller 491 illustrated in FIG. 39 is connected to the connection wiring 422A, and the other terminal of the controller 491 is connected to the signal line 422.

When data is transmitted from the controller 436 through the connection wiring 422A by the transmission / reception means, the controller 491 connects the signal line 422 to the connection wiring 422A based on this data, or the signal line 422. ) Is separated from the connection wiring 422A. When the signal line 422 is connected to the connection wiring 422A, the LED 493 is energized and turned on. When the signal line 422 is disconnected, the LED 493 is turned off and turned off.

The memory 492 also stores an ID code of the switching device 425 itself, identification data of the switching device, a protocol for performing data communication between the controller 436, and the like.

With the above configuration, the operation will be described. Each refrigerator 401A, 401B, 401C is provided, the connection wiring 422A and the switching device 425 ... are wired, and each sensor 427, 410, 420 of each refrigerator 401A, 401B, 401C, Assuming that the switching elements 428... Are connected to the signal line 422, the controller 436 (the CPU 431 of the controller 436) firstly supplies each element (the sensor 427, the signal line 422) through the connection wiring 422A. 410 and 420, and the connection state of the switching element 428 ... switching device 425 is searched.

In addition, it is assumed that each switching device 425... Originally connects each signal line 422 to the connection wiring 422A.

In this case, the controller 436 makes an ID request sequentially to the sensors 427, 410, 420, the switching elements 428 ..., and the switching devices 425 ... of all the refrigerators 401A, 401B, and 401C. In response to this, the sensors 427, 410, 420, the switching elements 428, and the switching devices 425, of all the refrigerators 401A, 401B, and 401C return their ID codes and the like to the controller 436. . The controller 436 is connected to the connection wiring 422A and the signal line 422... With the switching device 425... Of the refrigerators 401A, 401B, 401C, the temperature sensor 427, and the frost on the basis of the returned ID code. The sensors of the removal sensor 410 and the high temperature sensor 420 are connected to each other so that the switching element 428 for the compressor 413, the switching element 428 for the defroster 430, and the internal fan 407 are used. It recognizes that each switching element of the switching element 428 and the switching element 428 for the heater heater 408 (actually a condenser fan is also connected) is connected.

The controller 436 maintains the connection status of the recognized temperature sensors 427, 410, 420, the switching elements 428..., And the switching device 425... In the memory 432, and subsequently uses this ID code. Thus, data is transmitted to each device.

Next, the controller 436 sends data to each switching device 425 so that only the switching device 425 of the refrigerator 401A closes the signal system (connects the signal line 422 to the connection wiring 422A), and the other. The switching device 425 of the refrigerators 401B and 401C opens the signal system (separates the signal line 422 from the connection wiring 422A). Data transmission to this switching device 425 ... is performed based on the above-described ID code.

As a result, only the respective elements of the refrigerator 401A are connected to the controller 436 through the connection wiring 422A and the signal line 422. In this state, the controller 436 connects the ON / OFF data together with each of the ID codes of the switching element 428 of the driving substrate 423 of the refrigerator 401A and the switching element 428 of the power supply substrate 424. 422A), the compressor 413 and the internal fan 407 are started to start the cooling operation.

The CPU 431 of the controller 436 polls the sensors 427, 410, and 420 of the refrigerator 401A at predetermined cycles. This polling is performed based on the above-described ID code. The CPU 443 of the sensors 427, 410, and 420 transmits temperature data to the controller 436 in response to this polling. The CPU 431 of the controller 436 writes the received temperature data into the memory 432 once, and then performs function assignment of each sensor based on the change of the temperature data after starting such cooling operation.

That is, when the temperature by the temperature data rises after a certain time has elapsed after the start of the cooling operation of the refrigerator 401A, the controller 436 performs the function assignment of the meaning that the sensor of the ID is the high temperature sensor 410. In the memory 432. When the temperature due to the temperature data falls and the temperature is relatively high, the controller 436 performs the function assignment of the meaning of the internal temperature sensor 427 to the sensor of the ID, and stores it in the memory 432. In addition, when the temperature by the temperature data falls and the temperature is relatively low, the controller 436 performs the function assignment of the meaning that the sensor of the ID is the defrost sensor 420 and stores it in the memory 432. Thereby, the function of each sensor of the refrigerator 401A is assigned to the controller 436 without setting previously.

Next, the controller 436 closes the signal system only of the switching device 425 of the refrigerator 401B, and the other switching device 425 opens the signal system, and this time in the same manner for each sensor of the refrigerator 401B. Function assignment is performed, and then the same function assignment operation is also performed for the refrigerator 401C, and all are stored in the memory 432.

Next, the actual control operation of the refrigerators 401A, 402B, and 401C will be described. In addition, it is assumed here that all the switching devices 425... Are closing the signal system. In this state, the CPU 431 of the controller 436 polls the sensors 427, 410, and 420 of all the refrigerators 401A, 401B, and 401C sequentially, at predetermined intervals, and sequentially processes them. This polling is performed based on the above-described ID code. The CPU 443 of the sensors 427, 410, and 420 of the refrigerators 401A, 401B, and 401C transmit the temperature data to the controller 436 as described above in response to this polling.

The CPU 431 of the controller 436 writes the received temperature data into the memory 432 once, and compares the temperature data from the internal temperature sensor 427 with the preset set temperature, and outputs ON / OFF data. The ID code of the switching element 428 of the drive substrate 423 of the refrigerators 401A, 401B, and 401C is sequentially transmitted to the connection wiring 422A and the signal line 422.

When the control unit 481 of the switching element 428 of the drive substrate 423 of each refrigerator 401A, 401B, 401C receives ON / OFF data of its own ID code, the input / output terminal ( 496, 496) ON / OFF. By the ON / OFF of the input / output terminals 496 and 496, the photodiode 469A is turned on (light emitting) / off (lighted off), whereby the phototriac 469B is turned on / off, thereby Compressor 413 is started / stopped.

In addition, the CPU 431 of the controller 436 stores the ON / OFF data in sequence with the ID code of the switching element of the power supply board 426 of the refrigerators 401A, 401B, and 401C. 422, and the defroster 430 is energized at a predetermined cycle or at a predetermined time to defrost the cooler 406. Then, based on the temperature data from the defrost sensor 410 received as described above, the defrost control of the cooler 406 (end to a predetermined temperature) is executed.

In addition, since the fans 407 and 415 and the heater heater 408 of the refrigerators 401A, 401B, and 401C are continuously energized, the ON / OFF data of the meanings are converted into switching elements of the power supply boards 424 and 426. 428 is transmitted based on the ID code. Each switching element 428 drives or energizes each fan 407 or 415 or the heater heater 408 based on the corresponding ON / OFF data.

In this way, the controller 436 repeatedly polls and sequentially sequentially polls the sensors 427, 410, 420 and the switching elements 428... Of all the refrigerators 401A, 401B, and 401C. Control of 401B, 401C is performed.

Next, for example, when the temperature setting of the refrigerator 401B is to be changed to change the operation, or when it is necessary to monitor only the refrigerator 401B, when a predetermined input operation is performed to the controller 436 by the user, The controller 436 sends data to each switching device 425 to close only the switching device 425 of the refrigerator 401B, and the switching device 425 of the other refrigerators 401A and 401C opens the signal system. Data transmission to this switching device 425 ... is performed based on the above-described ID code.

As a result, only the respective elements of the refrigerator 401B are connected to the controller 436 through the connection wiring 422A and the signal line 422. In this state, the controller 436 polls each of the sensors 427, 410, 420 and the switching elements 428... Of the refrigerator 401B to transmit and receive data.

As described above, according to the present invention, when the operation of the specific refrigerator 401B is to be changed, only the refrigerator 401B is connected to the controller 436 via the signal line 422 and the connection wiring 422A by the switching device 425. ) Can be connected to each other in the controller 436 and the refrigerator 401B as compared to the case where the data is transferred between the elements of all the refrigerators 401A, 401B and 401C and Data communication speed is significantly faster.

Moreover, although the sensor which detects a temperature is employ | adopted in the Example, this invention is effective also as a humidity sensor and a pressure sensor by using the element which detects humidity, a pressure, etc. as a sensor part.

Moreover, although an Example demonstrated this invention as a business refrigerator, the home automation and security system in various electric appliances, such as a domestic refrigerator, a low temperature showcase, a prefab refrigerator, and a vending machine, or a car and a house, is not limited to this. The present invention is also effective.

As described above, according to the present invention, there is provided a sensor or switching element for carrying data between the main control means provided in the apparatus and the main control means via a signal line, and each of these sensors or switching elements is provided with a plurality of sensors. At the same time, the switching device is provided in the signal line between each system and the main control means, and the switching device is configured to open and close the signal system by receiving data from the main control means through the signal line. When only switching elements require data transfer, only switching devices in the system can open the signal system.

As a result, even when a large number of sensors and switching elements connected to the signal line rise, it is possible to quickly change the setting and operation of a sensor or switching element of a specific system and to improve the control performance.

In addition to the above, the switching device includes opening and closing means for opening and closing the signal system, a storage means having its own ID code, a main control means and a transmission / reception means for transmitting and receiving data via a signal line, and data from the transmission and reception means. Since the switching device side control means for controlling the opening and closing means is based, the main control means can perform the opening and closing control of the signal system without any problems. In this case, since the switching device has its ID code in the storage means, by connecting the switching device to the signal line, the main control means can identify the switching device, and the wiring of the switching device is completed.

In addition to the above, the sensor-side control means of the sensor writes the data detected by the detection element into the storage means and transmits the data to the main control means via the signal line by the transmitting and receiving means, so that the main control means of the apparatus is not affected Can accept the data In this case, since the sensor has its own ID code in the storage means, by connecting the sensor to the signal line, the main control means can identify the sensor, and the wiring of the sensor is completed.

In addition to the above, the switching element side control means of the switching element controls the switching means based on the data from the main control means received by the transmission and reception means via the signal line, so that the main control means of the apparatus Control can be performed. Also in this case, since the switching element has its own ID code in the storage means, by connecting the switching element to the signal line, the main control means can identify the switching element, and the wiring of the switching element is completed.

These enable wiring of the said switching device, a sensor, or a switching element by what is called a plug-in, and it becomes possible to simplify remarkable wiring. In addition, since it is possible to use common software for the main control means irrespective of the number of switching devices, sensors, switching elements, or the like, it is also possible to achieve a significant reduction in cost by commonization.

Claims (21)

Built with main control means and sensors connected to signal lines, The sensor, Detection means, Storage means having its own ID code, Transmission and reception means for carrying data to and from said main control means via said signal line; When the transmitting and receiving means receives an instruction to start detection operation from the main control means, the detection operation by the detection means is executed, and when a read instruction is received from the main control means, the data detected by the detection means. Terminal control means for transmitting a message to the main control means by the transmitting and receiving means. Including, The main control means instructs the sensor to collect data to start the detection operation, and then, after the waiting period has elapsed, designates the ID code after the waiting period has elapsed. And a read instruction to the detection system. It is constructed by main control means and a plurality of sensors connected to the signal line, Each sensor, Detection means, Storage means having its own ID code, Transmission and reception means for carrying data to and from said main control means via said signal line; When the transmitting and receiving means receives an instruction to start detection operation from the main control means, the detection operation by the detection means is executed, and when a read instruction is received from the main control means, the data detected by the detection means. Terminal control means for transmitting a message to the main control means by the transmitting and receiving means. Including, The main control means instructs the plurality of sensors connected to the signal line to simultaneously start the detection operation, and then, after the waiting period elapses, designates the ID code after the waiting period has elapsed. And a reading instruction to the sensor. delete delete  A signal line wired to the apparatus, a main control means connected to the signal line, and a sensor connected to the signal line, The sensor includes a detection element, a storage means having its own ID code, transmission / reception means for passing data to and from the main control means via the signal line, and data received by the detection element, to the storage means. And a sensor-side control means which writes and transmits the data in said storage means to said main control means by said transmission / reception means on a substrate, and is formed by resin molding. delete delete A signal line wired to the device, Main control means connected to said signal line; A sensor connected to the signal line, A switching element connected to the signal line to control the operation of the attachment component Including, The sensor includes a detection element, a storage means having its own ID code, transmission / reception means for passing data to and from the main control means via the signal line, and data received by the detection element, to the storage means. And a resin-side controlling means for writing and transmitting the data in the storage means to the main control means by the transmitting and receiving means on a substrate and formed by resin molding. The switching element includes switching means, storage means having its own ID code, transmission / reception means for receiving data from the main control means via the signal line, and switching means based on data from the transmission / reception means. And a switching element side control means for controlling. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the signal line is wired to a cooling reservoir, and the sensor is a sensor for detecting a temperature, and has a temperature detecting element for detecting temperature data as a detecting element. A signal line wired to a cooling reservoir, a main control means connected to said signal line, and a sensor for temperature detection connected to said signal line, The sensor receives the temperature detection element, storage means having its own ID code, transmission and reception means for passing data to and from the main control means via the signal line, and temperature data detected by the temperature detection element. And a sensor-side control means for writing to the storage means and transmitting the data in the storage means to the main control means by the transceiving means on a substrate and formed by resin molding. The sensor and / or the switching element are charged while the signal line is at high potential, and discharged while being at a low potential. And a power storage element for supplying power to each means. delete The control device according to any one of claims 5, 8, 9, and 10, wherein the sensor or the switching element is embedded in an attachment part attached to a device such as a cold storage. Device. delete delete A signal line wired to the device, Main control means installed in the apparatus, A sensor or switching element connected to said signal line for transferring data between said main control means; A storage device connected to the signal line, Switching means for making an external control device connectable to said signal line Including, The main control means searches for a new sensor or switching element when the sensor or the switching element is exchanged, writes in a maintenance history data file in the storage device, The storage device holds the maintenance history data file in which the maintenance history of the device is written, and the data in the maintenance history data file held by the external control device while the external control device is connected to the signal line. Is read, and data is written. The method of claim 16, wherein the memory device, Storage means for holding data, Transmitting and receiving means for transmitting and receiving data with the main control means and an external control device via a signal line; Storage device side control means for controlling writing of data into the storage means and reading of data based on the data from the transmitting and receiving means; An electric storage element which charges while the said signal line becomes high potential, discharges while it is low potential, and supplies the power of each said means. Device control apparatus comprising a. A main control means provided in the apparatus, and a sensor or a switching element for transferring data between the main control means via a signal line, Each sensor or switching element is classified into a plurality of systems, and a switching device is provided on a signal line between each system and the main control means, and the switching device is configured to supply data from the main control means through the signal line. The control device of the device, characterized in that for opening and closing the signal system. The method of claim 18, wherein the switching device, Switching means for opening and closing the signal system, Storage means having its own ID code, Transmitting and receiving means for transmitting and receiving the main control means and data via a signal line; Switching device side control means for controlling the opening and closing means based on data from the transmitting and receiving means Device control apparatus comprising a. The method of claim 18 or 19, wherein the sensor, Detection element, Storage means having its own ID code, Transmitting / receiving means for transmitting and receiving the main control means and data via the signal line; Sensor-side control means for receiving the data detected by the detection element and writing it to the storage means, and transmitting and receiving the data in the storage means to the main control means by the transmission and reception means. Device control apparatus comprising a. The method of claim 18 or 19, wherein the switching element, Switching means, Storage means having its own ID code, Transmitting and receiving means for transmitting and receiving the main control means and data via a signal line; Switching element side control means which controls the said switching means based on the data from this transmission / reception means Device control apparatus comprising a.