KR100501926B1 - Method for stabilization and strength improvement of dredged soil using oyster shell - Google Patents
Method for stabilization and strength improvement of dredged soil using oyster shell Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR100501926B1 KR100501926B1 KR10-2003-0011800A KR20030011800A KR100501926B1 KR 100501926 B1 KR100501926 B1 KR 100501926B1 KR 20030011800 A KR20030011800 A KR 20030011800A KR 100501926 B1 KR100501926 B1 KR 100501926B1
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- dredged soil
- oyster shell
- dredged
- strength
- soil
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 title description 5
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 159000000014 iron salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 241001397173 Kali <angiosperm> Species 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000011124 aluminium ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- LCQXXBOSCBRNNT-UHFFFAOYSA-K ammonium aluminium sulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LCQXXBOSCBRNNT-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229960002089 ferrous chloride Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe]Cl NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 241000237502 Ostreidae Species 0.000 claims description 24
- 235000020636 oyster Nutrition 0.000 claims description 24
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 20
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 7
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005029 sieve analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 chlorine ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009430 construction management Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001877 deodorizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010169 landfilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/02—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
- C09K17/06—Calcium compounds, e.g. lime
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/20—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
본 발명에 의한 굴패각을 이용한 준설토의 안정화 및 강도증진 방법은, 매립장에 투기된 준설토의 응집 형성과정을 단축시키고, 퇴적물을 단시간 내에 침강시켜 준설토를 안정화시키고, 준설토 지반의 강도를 향상시키기 위한 방법으로서, 준설토에 황산알루미늄, 암모늄 명반, 칼리명반, 및 알민산 나트륨을 포함하는 알루미늄염; 황산제1철, 염화제1철, 염화제2철, 및 황산제2철을 포함하는 철염; 아연염; 폴리염화알루미늄, 폴리염화규산알루미늄, 및 폴리황산규산알루미늄을 포함하는 고분자 응집제로 이루어지는 군으로부터 1이상 선택되는 무기 응집제와, 탄산칼슘을 주성분으로 하는 굴패각을 분쇄하여 함께 첨가하는 것을 특징으로 한다. 본 발명에 따른 굴패각을 이용한 준설토의 안정화 및 강도증진 방법에 있어서, 상기 굴패각은 준설토를 기준으로 하여 1중량%~50중량%로 첨가되는 것을 특징으로 한다.The method of stabilizing and enhancing the strength of dredged soil using the oyster shell according to the present invention is to shorten the formation process of dredged soil dumped in a landfill site, settle the sediment in a short time, stabilize the dredged soil, and improve the strength of the dredged soil. Aluminum salts including aluminum sulfate, ammonium alum, kali alum, and sodium almate in dredged earth; Iron salts including ferrous sulfate, ferrous chloride, ferric chloride, and ferric sulfate; Zinc salts; The inorganic coagulant selected from the group consisting of a polymer coagulant including polyaluminum chloride, polyaluminum silicate, and polyaluminum silicate and oyster shell containing calcium carbonate as a main component are ground and added together. In the method of stabilizing and increasing the strength of dredged soil using the oyster shell according to the present invention, the oyster shell is characterized in that it is added in 1% by weight to 50% by weight based on the dredged soil.
Description
본 발명은 매립된 준설토의 안정화 기간을 단축하는 방법에 관한 것으로서, 더욱 상세하게는 무단 투기, 방치되어 있는 굴패각을 기존 응집제와 함께 사용함으로써, 매립장에 투기된 준설토의 응집 형성과정을 단축시키며, 퇴적물을 빠른 시간 내에 침강시키고, 중금속을 흡착시켜 제거하며, 지반개량을 위한 소요 지지력 및 지반강도를 발휘시키는, 굴패각을 이용한 준설토의 안정화 및 강도증진 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for shortening the stabilization period of buried dredged soil, and more particularly, by using the dumping and dumping oyster shells with the existing flocculant to reduce the coagulation formation process of dredged soil dumped in the landfill, sediment This method relates to a method for stabilizing and increasing the strength of dredged soil using oyster shells to quickly settle, adsorb and remove heavy metals, and exhibit required bearing capacity and ground strength for soil improvement.
협소한 국토면적을 지닌 국내 실정으로 해안매립에 의한 임해단지 개발이 실시되었고, 국제적 무역 물동량의 급속한 증가로 인한 새로운 항만건설이 최근 심각하게 요구되고 있다. 또한, 항로유지를 위해 준설토사의 투기를 위한 투기장의 필요성이 요구되고 있다.The development of coastal complex by coastal reclamation was carried out as a domestic situation with a small land area, and a new port construction is recently seriously demanded due to the rapid increase of international trade volume. In addition, there is a need for an arena for dumping dredged soil for the purpose of maintaining the route.
이와 같이 부지조성과 항만시설구축을 위한 성토와 관련된 매립사업의 수행시 소요되는 매립재는 적정의 흙을 육상 또는 해상에서 채취하여 포설, 다짐하는 것이 일반적이나 제한된 양질의 매립재의 수급과 경제성을 고려하여 해상에서 펌프준설선을 사용하여 해성점토를 준설하여 매립하는 것이 현실이다. 이러한 연약 해성 점토를 사용하여 매립 또는 투기할 때는 매립장 또는 투기장의 설계가 요구되며 이와 관련하여 소요 준설량과 매립물량의 산정과 향후 지반개량을 위한 소요 지지력 확보 여부와 지반 개량 시기의 결정이 효율적인 설계와 경제적인 시공관리상 대단히 중요하다.As such, the landfill materials required for landfill and landfill construction projects are generally collected and pledged on land or at sea in consideration of supply and economics of limited quality landfill materials. The reality is that the dredged marine clay is dredged and reclaimed using a pump dredger at sea. In the case of landfilling or dumping using such soft marine clay, the design of landfill site or dumping site is required.In this regard, it is possible to calculate the required dredging and landfill volume, and to determine whether the required bearing capacity for future soil improvement and the time of ground improvement are effective. And very important for economic construction management.
준설토를 매립지에 투기하였을 때 일반적으로 준설매립토의 퇴적과정은 세 단계로 구별할 수 있다. 초기단계에서는 침강이 발생하지 않고 응집이 형성되며, 중간단계에서는 응집물이 점차로 침강하면서 퇴적물층을 형성하고, 함수비가 감소하면서 압밀하에 놓이게 된다. 따라서, 상부의 침강구역과 퇴적물 사이의 경계는 새로운 퇴적물이 형성되고, 이 퇴적물이 점진적으로 증가하면서 상부의 침강영역은 점점 얇아지면서 사라지게 된다. 최종단계에서는 모든 퇴적물이 자중압밀하에 있게 되며 결국은 자중압밀이 완료된 평형상태에 도달하게 된다.When the dredged soil is dumped at the landfill, the sedimentation process of the dredged landfill can be divided into three stages. In the initial stage, no sedimentation occurs, but agglomeration is formed, and in the intermediate stage, the aggregate is gradually settled, forming a sediment layer, and the water content decreases, and it becomes under consolidation. Therefore, the boundary between the upper sedimentation zone and the sediment is formed as new sediment is formed, and as the sediment gradually increases, the upper sedimentation zone becomes thinner and disappears. In the final stage, all the sediments are under self-consolidation and eventually reach equilibrium in which self-consolidation is complete.
그러나, 초기의 응집 형성과정은 짧게는 몇 달, 길게는 몇 년에 걸쳐 발생하여 공사 기간이 길어져 공사비가 증가하게 된다. 또한, 자중압밀된 준설토는 평형상태에 도달하여서도 충분한 지지력을 기대하기 힘들다. 따라서, 응집 형성과정을 최소로 단축시키며 퇴적물을 빠른 시간 내에 침강시킬 뿐 아니라 매립된 준설토의 안정화 기간을 단축하는 새로운 재료의 개발이 시급한 실정이다.However, the initial formation process of coagulation occurs over a few months and a few years, resulting in an increase in construction costs due to a long construction period. In addition, the self-consolidated dredged soil is difficult to expect sufficient bearing capacity even when the equilibrium state is reached. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new material that minimizes the formation process of coagulation, settles the sediment quickly, and shortens the stabilization period of the buried dredged soil.
한편, 해안 양식업에서 발생하는 많은 양의 굴껍질은 대부분이 해안에 야적되어 공유 수면을 매립하면서 연안어장의 오염을 유발할 뿐만 아니라, 악취와 자연경관을 훼손하는 등의 환경문제를 초래하고 있다. On the other hand, a large amount of oyster shells generated in coastal aquaculture are mostly buried on the coast, which causes pollution of coastal fisheries, as well as pollution, and causes environmental problems such as odor and natural scenery.
현재 우리나라 전체의 굴껍질 발생양은 연간 30만 톤에 달하고 있으며, 이 중 대부분이 남해안에서 발생되고 있다. 그러나, 발생되는 굴껍질의 10% 정도만이 재활용되고 있으며, 재활용되는 양 가운데 대부분인 2만 5천 톤 가량은 종패 부착용으로 사용되고, 나머지 5천 톤 미만은 비료나 사료로 가공되어 재활용되고 있어, 실질적으로 재활용되는 순수한 양은 아주 일부분에 불과하다. 따라서, 발생되는 굴껍질이 유발하는 환경문제 및 재활용 현실을 고려해볼 때, 해양 수산 폐기물인 굴껍질의 새로운 처리방안 및 소재로의 재활용에 관한 연구가 이뤄져야할 것이다. Currently, the amount of oyster shells generated in Korea is about 300,000 tons per year, most of which occur in the south coast. However, only about 10% of the oyster shells generated are recycled, and about 25,000 tonnes, most of which are recycled, are used for seeding and less than 5,000 tonnes are processed and recycled as fertilizer or feed. The pure amount recycled is only a fraction. Therefore, in consideration of the environmental problems caused by the generated oyster shells and the recycling reality, a study on the recycling of oyster shells, which is a marine fishery waste, and the recycling of materials into materials should be conducted.
굴껍질의 화학적 조성은 95%이상이 CaCO3로 이루어져 있으며, 나머지 미량이 SiO2, MgO, Al2O3, Na2O, SO3와 같은 무기물로 이루어져 있다. 굴껍질은 표면적이 불규칙하고 비표면적이 넓어서, 화학물질에 대한 흡착능력이 우수한 물리적 특성을 가지고 있다. 아울러, 굴껍질은 생물체에서 얻어지므로 미생물과의 친화성이 높기 때문에 미생물이 굴껍질에서 생물막을 형성하는 것이 용이하다. 이러한 굴껍질의 물리-화학적 성질을 잘 이용하면, 굴껍질을 단순히 비료나 사료로 사용하는 재활용 외에도 환경문제와 관련된 환경정화용 소재 등으로 활용할 수 있다.Oyster shell chemical composition is more than 95% CaCO 3 , the remainder is composed of inorganic substances such as SiO 2 , MgO, Al 2 O 3, Na 2 O, SO 3 . Oyster shell has irregular surface area and wide specific surface area, so it has good physical property. In addition, since the oyster shell is obtained from the organism, it is easy for the microorganism to form a biofilm in the oyster shell because of its high affinity with the microorganism. If the physico-chemical properties of the oyster shell are used well, the oyster shell may be used as a material for environmental purification related to environmental problems, in addition to simply recycling the oyster shell as a fertilizer or feed.
본 발명은 상술한 매립된 준설토의 안정화 기간을 단축하는 새로운 재료 개발 및 해양 수산 폐기물인 굴껍질의 새로운 처리방안 및 소재로의 재활용 요구에 부응하기 위하여 개발된 것이다. The present invention has been developed to meet the demand for the development of new materials to shorten the stabilization period of the buried dredged soil described above, and the recycling of oyster shells, which are marine fishery wastes, into materials.
본 발명은 상기한 바와 같은 종래 기술의 문제점을 해결하기 위한 것으로서, 본 발명의 목적은, 폐기물로 분류되어 무단 투기, 방치되어 있는 굴패각을 기존 응집제에 함께 사용함으로써, 매립장에 투기된 준설토의 응집 형성과정을 단축시키며, 퇴적물을 빠른 시간 내에 침강시킬 수 있는, 굴패각을 이용한 준설토의 안정화 및 강도증진 방법을 제공하는 것이다. The present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, an object of the present invention, by using the oyster shells, which are classified as waste, stepless dumping, and left unattended in the existing flocculant, flocculation formation of the dredged soil dumped in the landfill It provides a method for stabilizing and increasing the strength of dredged soil using oyster shells, which shortens the process and can settle sediments in a short time.
본 발명의 또다른 목적은, 굴패각을 응집제와 함께 사용함으로써, 자중압밀된 연약한 준설토 지반을 빠른 시간내에 평형상태에 도달시킨 후, 중금속을 흡착시켜 제거하고, 지반개량을 위한 소요 지지력 및 지반강도를 발휘시킬 수 있는, 굴패각을 이용한 준설토의 안정화 및 강도증진 방법을 제공하는 것이다. Another object of the present invention is to use the oyster shell with coagulant, to reach the equilibrium state of the self-consolidated soft dredged soil in a fast time, and then to remove the heavy metals by adsorption, and the required bearing capacity and ground strength for the ground improvement It is to provide a method for stabilizing and enhancing strength of dredged soil using oyster shells.
상기한 바와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위하여, 본 발명에 의한 굴패각을 이용한 준설토의 안정화 및 강도증진 방법은, 매립장에 투기된 준설토의 응집 형성과정을 단축시키고, 퇴적물을 단시간 내에 침강시켜 준설토를 안정화시키고, 준설토 지반의 강도를 향상시키기 위한 방법으로서, 준설토에 황산알루미늄, 암모늄 명반, 칼리명반, 및 알민산 나트륨을 포함하는 알루미늄염; 황산제1철, 염화제1철, 염화제2철, 및 황산제2철을 포함하는 철염; 아연염; 폴리염화알루미늄, 폴리염화규산알루미늄, 및 폴리황산규산알루미늄을 포함하는 고분자 응집제로 이루어지는 군으로부터 1이상 선택되는 무기 응집제와, 탄산칼슘을 주성분으로 하는 굴패각을 분쇄하여 함께 첨가하는 것을 특징으로 한다.In order to achieve the above object, the method of stabilizing and increasing the strength of dredged soil using the oyster shell according to the present invention, shortening the formation process of the dredged soil dumped in the landfill, sediment sediment within a short time to stabilize the dredged soil, As a method for improving the strength of the dredged soil, an aluminum salt comprising aluminum sulfate, ammonium alum, kali alum, and sodium almate in the dredged soil; Iron salts including ferrous sulfate, ferrous chloride, ferric chloride, and ferric sulfate; Zinc salts; The inorganic coagulant selected from the group consisting of a polymer coagulant including polyaluminum chloride, polyaluminum silicate, and polyaluminum silicate and oyster shell containing calcium carbonate as a main component are ground and added together.
삭제delete
본 발명에 따른 굴패각을 이용한 준설토의 안정화 및 강도증진 방법에 있어서, 상기 굴패각은 준설토를 기준으로 하여 1중량%~50중량%로 첨가되는 것을 특징으로 한다.In the method of stabilizing and increasing the strength of dredged soil using the oyster shell according to the present invention, the oyster shell is characterized in that it is added in 1% by weight to 50% by weight based on the dredged soil.
수처리시 사용하는 응집제로는 황산알루미늄(Alum)과 폴리염화알루미늄(PAC)을 주로 사용하고, 응집보조제로는 알카리제로 소석회, 이취미 제거제로서 분말 활성탄 등이 주로 사용되는데, 대표적인 응집제의 종류를 설명하면 다음과 같다. As the flocculant used in water treatment, aluminum sulfate (Alum) and polyaluminum chloride (PAC) are mainly used, and the flocculent aid is an alkali agent, hydrated lime and powdered activated carbon as a deodorizing agent. Is as follows.
응집제 가운데 황산알루미늄은 폴리염화알루미늄(PAC) 다음으로 많이 사용하는 응집제로서, 일반식이 Al2(SO4)3·nH2O이며, 보통 n이 14인 것을 수처리제로 사용한다. PAC는 [Al2(OH)nCl6-n]m의 일반식을 가지는 분자량 1,000이하의 물질로서, 알루미늄분을 Al2O3로 10-15% 포함하는 무색액체이며, 물에 주입할 경우 약간의 염소이온이 증가하나 수질적으로는 별로 문제가 없다. 철염은 알루미늄계통 응집제와 같은 하전 변화를 나타내지만 알루미늄보다 pH가 1정도 낮은 3.5-4.0에서 최대하전이 생기고, 황산제1철, 황산제2철, 및 염화제2철 등이 있다.Among the coagulants, aluminum sulfate is the second most commonly used coagulant after polyaluminum chloride (PAC), and the general formula is Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 nH 2 O, and n is usually 14 as a water treatment agent. PAC is a substance having a molecular weight of 1,000 or less having a general formula of [Al 2 (OH) n Cl 6-n ] m. It is a colorless liquid containing 10-15% of aluminum powder in Al 2 O 3 . Some chlorine ions increase but water quality is not a problem. Iron salts exhibit the same charge change as aluminum-based coagulants, but have a maximum charge at 3.5-4.0, which is about 1 pH lower than aluminum, and include ferrous sulfate, ferric sulfate, and ferric chloride.
폴리염화규산알루미늄(PACS)은 일반적인 화학식이 Al(Na)a(Si)b(OH)x(Cl) y이고, 여기서 a+b = 3+x+4y이며, 4가 이온인 Si가 분자구조내에 삽입되어 제조된다. PACS는 기존의 무기 응집제와는 달리 제품중의 활성규사(SiO2)의 가교작용으로 타응집제보다 플록을 크고 신속하게 형성시켜 줌으로써 침강성을 증가시키고 수질을 향상시킬 수 있다. 활성규산은 규산소다(Na2SiO3·nSiO2)를 각종 산으로 어느 정도 중화시킨 후 양생중합시켜 고분자의 콜로이드로 만든 것을 말한다. 정수용으로 많이 사용하고 그 순도는 SiO2양으로 정해진다.Polyaluminum silicate (PACS) has a general formula of Al (Na) a (Si) b (OH) x (Cl) y , where a + b = 3 + x + 4y and Si, a tetravalent ion, has a molecular structure It is inserted and manufactured inside. Unlike conventional inorganic flocculant, PACS can increase flocculation and improve water quality by forming flocs larger and faster than other coagulants by crosslinking of activated silica (SiO 2 ) in the product. Active silicic acid refers to a polymer made of colloid by neutralizing sodium silicate (Na 2 SiO 3 · nSiO 2 ) with various acids, followed by curing polymerization. It is often used for water purification and its purity is determined by the amount of SiO 2 .
하기 표 1은 굴패각을 구성하고 있는 성분의 중량비를 나타낸 것으로 탄산칼슘(CaCO_3 )의 함유량이 90.0%이다. Table 1 below shows the weight ratio of the components constituting the oyster shell, and the content of calcium carbonate (CaCO_3) is 90.0%.
굴패각을 분쇄하였을 때와 굴패각 원형의 단위중량, 내부마찰각, 및 투수계수를 각각 하기 표 2 내지 4에 나타내었다. The unit weight, internal friction angle, and permeability coefficient of the oyster shell and when the oyster shell was pulverized are shown in Tables 2 to 4, respectively.
상기 표 3 및 4로부터 분쇄(5∼35mm)된 굴패각의 경우 내부마찰각이나 투수계수의 수치가 일반 사질토의 수치와 비슷함을 알 수 있다. In the case of oyster shells pulverized (5 to 35 mm) from Tables 3 and 4, it can be seen that the values of the internal friction angle or the permeability coefficient are similar to those of the general sandy soil.
본 발명에서 굴패각은 패각 원형을 그대로 사용할 수 있지만, 패각의 특성상 다공질의 판상구조이므로 쉽게 분쇄될 수 있어 차후 2차적인 침하문제를 발생시킬 우려가 있다. 또한, 분쇄하지 않고 원형을 사용하였을 때 패각의 응집효과를 기대하기 힘들므로 패각을 그대로 사용하지 않고 일정한 크기의 형태로 분쇄하여 사용하는 것이 바람직하나, 이에 한정되는 것은 아니다. In the present invention, the oyster shell can be used as the shell round as it is, because of the nature of the shell is a porous plate-like structure can be easily crushed there is a fear of causing a second settlement problem. In addition, since it is difficult to expect the coagulation effect of the shell when using the round without grinding, it is preferable to use the shell without being used as it is, crushed to a certain size, but is not limited thereto.
이하, 실시예 및 실험예를 들어 본 발명의 구성 및 발명효과를 보다 상세하게 설명한다. 아래의 실시예 및 실험예는 본 발명의 내용을 설명하나, 본 발명의 내용이 여기에 한정되지는 않는다.Hereinafter, the structure and the effect of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples and Experimental Examples. The following Examples and Experimental Examples illustrate the content of the present invention, but the content of the present invention is not limited thereto.
<실험예 1: 최적 주입량 실험(Jar test)>Experimental Example 1: Optimal Injection Test (Jar test)
1. 굴패각 및 준설토의 입도분포1. Grain Size Distribution of Oyster Shell and Dredged Soil
본 실시예에서 사용되는 굴패각을 총 4개의 시료로 하여 각각 3kg씩 10회 반복적으로 분쇄하였을 때의 입도 분포를 도 1에 나타내었으며, 이때 체분석 시험에 사용된 표준체의 크기는 하기 표 5에 나타내었다. The particle size distribution when the oyster shell used in this example was pulverized 10 times by 3 kg each with four samples in total is shown in FIG. 1, and the size of the standard used in the sieve analysis is shown in Table 5 below. It was.
도 1에서 보는 바와 같이, 분쇄기를 이용하여 분쇄된 굴패각의 크기는 0.106mm(140번체)에서 2.0mm(10번체)사이에 분포하여 통일분류법에 따르면 모래(Sand)의 크기로 분류되었다. As shown in Figure 1, the size of the oyster shell pulverized using a grinder was distributed between 0.106mm (140 traditional) and 2.0mm (10 traditional) and classified as the size of sand (Sand) according to the unified classification method.
한편, 굴패각의 입경을 달리하여 준설토의 응집·침강실험을 수행한 결과, 굴패각의 입경에 따른 침강속도는 큰 차이가 없었다. On the other hand, as a result of the flocculation and sedimentation experiments of dredged soils with different particle diameters, the sedimentation rate according to the particle size of the oyster shells was not significantly different.
또한, 본 실시예에 사용되는 준설토의 입도분포를 파악하기 위해 체분석 시험과 비중계 시험을 실행하였다. 본 실험에 사용된 준설토는 겔 상태였으며 손으로 만져보았을 때 알갱이가 전혀 느껴지지 않을 정도의 세립토였다. 체분석 시험결과 200번체(0.075mm) 통과율이 90%가 넘어서 비중계에 의한 입도 분포 실험을 수행하게 되었다.In addition, a sieve analysis test and a hydrometer test were performed to grasp the particle size distribution of the dredged soil used in this example. The dredged soil used in this experiment was gel and fine-grained soil with no grains when touched by hand. As a result of sieve analysis, particle size distribution experiment by hydrometer was performed because the pass rate of the number 200 (0.075mm) exceeded 90%.
비중계분석을 수행하기에 앞서 시료를 비이커에 넣고 시료가 완전히 침수되도록 증류수에 18시간이상 방치후 분산제(규산나트륨용액)를 첨가하고 비중계분석을 수행하였으며, 준설토의 비중계분석 결과는 도 2에 나타내었다.Prior to performing the hydrometer analysis, the sample was placed in a beaker and left to distilled water for more than 18 hours, and then a dispersant (sodium silicate solution) was added and hydrometer analysis was performed. .
준설토의 자연함수비는 평균 285%였고, 비중은 2.69였다. 액성한계는 63.2%, 소성한계는 33.1%이므로 소성지수가 30.1%였다. 따라서, 본 실험에 사용된 준설토는 통일분류법에 의해 CH로 분류되었다.The dredged soil's natural function ratio averaged 285% and the ratio was 2.69. The plasticity index was 63.2% and the firing limit was 33.1%, so the firing index was 30.1%. Therefore, the dredged soil used in this experiment was classified as CH by the uniform classification method.
2. 응집제 최적 주입량 실험(Jar test)2. Jar Test
먼저, 종래 응집제로 사용되어 온 황산알루미늄(비교예 1), 염화제2철(비교예 2) 및 황산제2철(비교예 3)에 대하여 응집제 최적 주입량 실험을 실시하여 각각의 최적 응집제량을 결정하였다. First, the optimum amount of flocculant is injected into the aluminum sulfate (Comparative Example 1), ferric chloride (Comparative Example 2), and ferric sulfate (Comparative Example 3), which have been used as a conventional flocculant, and then the optimum amount of flocculant is determined. Decided.
응집제 최적 주입량 실험은 준설토 7g을 증류수 1000ml에 첨가한 조건에서 수행하였다. 응집제 첨가 직후 급속교반은 250rpm에서 1분간 실시하였으며 이후 50rpm에서 5분간의 완속교반을 실시하였다. 마지막으로 20분간의 정치후 상등액을 채취하여 탁도, PH 및 철·망간의 농도를 측정하였다.The optimal flocculent injection experiment was carried out under the condition that 7 g of dredged soil was added to 1000 ml of distilled water. Immediately after the addition of the flocculant, rapid stirring was performed at 250 rpm for 1 minute, and then slow stirring was performed at 50 rpm for 5 minutes. Finally, after standing for 20 minutes, the supernatant was collected and the turbidity, pH, and iron and manganese concentrations were measured.
상등액의 탁도는 준설토의 응집·침강 효과를 나타내는 직접적 지표가 되며, 응집 전후의 철·망간 분석 결과는 응집에 의한 용출 중금속 제거 효과를 판단하는 지표가 된다.The turbidity of the supernatant is a direct indicator of the flocculation and sedimentation effects of dredged soils, and the results of analysis of iron and manganese before and after flocculation are the indicators to determine the effect of removal of eluted heavy metals by flocculation.
응집제 최적 주입량 실험 결과는 도 3a 내지 3c에 나타내었다. 도 3에서 보는 바와 같이, 황산알루미늄, 염화제2철, 황산제2철 각각의 7g/ℓ 준설토 응집을 위한 최적량은 50mg/ℓ, 50mg/ℓ, 40mg/ℓ로 나타났다. 또한, 각각의 응집제 최적량에 대해서 염화제2철과 황산제2철의 탁도가 65NTU 및 70NTU 인데 반하여, 황산 알루미늄의 탁도는 87NTU였다. Experimental results of flocculant injection amount are shown in FIGS. 3A to 3C. As shown in FIG. 3, the optimum amounts for agglomeration of 7 g / l dredged soil of aluminum sulfate, ferric chloride, and ferric sulfate were 50 mg / l, 50 mg / l, and 40 mg / l. The turbidity of aluminum sulfate was 87 NTU, while the turbidity of ferric chloride and ferric sulfate was 65 NTU and 70 NTU, respectively.
상등액의 PH는 모든 실험에서 응집제 주입량의 증가에 따라 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 원수내의 PH는 7.1 이었던데 반하여 응집제 주입량이 60mg/ℓ 이었을 때 비교예 1 내지 3 모두 상등액의 PH는 6 정도로 감소하였다.The pH of the supernatant was found to decrease with increasing coagulant dose in all experiments. The pH in the raw water was 7.1, whereas the pH of the supernatant in all of Comparative Examples 1 to 3 decreased to 6 when the coagulant injection amount was 60 mg / L.
3. 굴패각의 최적 주입량 결정3. Determination of Optimal Dose of Oyster Shell
상기 응집제로서 황산알루미늄, 염화제2철 및 황산제2철 각각에 대한 최적 주입량 실험에서 도출된 최적응집제량에 대하여 굴패각의 함량을 변화시키면서 첨가하여 굴패각의 최적 주입량 실험(Jar Test)을 수행하였으며, 상기 비교예 1 내지 3과 동일한 방법으로 상등액의 탁도 및 PH를 측정하였다(실시예 1 내지 3).As the coagulant, the optimum amount of oyster shell was added to the optimum amount of coagulant derived from the optimum injection amount experiment for each of aluminum sulfate, ferric chloride, and ferric sulfate, and the Jar Test was performed. The turbidity and PH of the supernatant were measured in the same manner as in Comparative Examples 1 to 3 (Examples 1 to 3).
실시예 1 내지 3의 상등액내 탁도 및 PH 분석치는 도 4a 내지 4c에 나타내었다. 도 4에서 보는 바와 같이, 모든 응집제에 대해 굴패각 첨가는 준설토의 탁도제거에 뛰어난 기여를 하였다. 또한, 최적 굴패각 함량은 황산알루미늄, 염화제2철, 황산제2철에 대해 각각 준설토 대비 15중량%, 10중량%, 5중량%였다.Turbidity and PH analysis of the supernatant of Examples 1 to 3 are shown in Figures 4a to 4c. As shown in FIG. 4, the addition of oyster shells to all flocculants contributed to the removal of turbidity of the dredged soil. In addition, the optimum oyster shell content was 15% by weight, 10% by weight, 5% by weight relative to the dredged soil for aluminum sulfate, ferric chloride, ferric sulfate, respectively.
도 3a 내지 3c에서 보는 바와 같이, 황산알루미늄, 염화제2철, 및 황산제2철만을 투입한 경우에는 최적 응집제량에 의한 상등액의 탁도가 각각 87NTU, 65NTU, 70NTU였으나, 여기에 준설토 대비 15중량%, 10중량%, 5중량%의 굴패각을 투입한 경우, 상등액의 탁도는 각각 9.7NTU, 6.3NTU, 60NTU로 대폭 감소하였다. 특히, 황산알루미늄과 염화제2철의 응집제에 굴패각을 투입한 경우, 약 90%의 잉여 탁도제거 효과를 보였으며, 결과적으로 실시예 1 및 실시예 2에서 거의 100%에 가까운 탁도제거 결과를 나타내었다.3A to 3C, when only aluminum sulfate, ferric chloride, and ferric sulfate were added, the turbidity of the supernatant by the optimum amount of flocculant was 87 NTU, 65 NTU, and 70 NTU, respectively. When the oyster shells of%, 10% and 5% were added, the turbidity of the supernatant was significantly reduced to 9.7 NTU, 6.3 NTU, and 60 NTU, respectively. In particular, when the oyster shell was added to the flocculant of aluminum sulfate and ferric chloride, the turbidity removal effect was about 90%, and as a result, the turbidity removal result was almost 100% in Examples 1 and 2. It was.
또한, 실시예 1 내지 3의 상등액의 PH는 굴패각 첨가량의 증가에 큰 차이없이 모두 약 7의 값을 나타내었다. In addition, the pH of the supernatant of Examples 1 to 3 all showed a value of about 7 without significant difference in the increase in the amount of oyster shell added.
이들 결과는 굴패각의 응집제에 대한 우수한 응집보조제 능력을 보여주는 것으로 굴패각 대부분의 구성성분인 CaCo_3가 처리수의 알카리도 상승을 유발하고, 응집제의 준설토 응집에 크게 기여하는 것을 알 수 있다. These results show the excellent coagulant adjuvant ability of the oyster shell coagulant, it can be seen that CaCo_3, which is a constituent of most of the oyster shell, causes an increase in alkalinity of the treated water and contributes greatly to the flocculation of the dredged soil.
또한, 비교예 1 내지 3 및 실시예 1 내지 3에 대한 철·망간 농도를 측정하였으며, 그 결과는 하기 표 6에 나타내었다. In addition, iron and manganese concentrations of Comparative Examples 1 to 3 and Examples 1 to 3 were measured, and the results are shown in Table 6 below.
상기 표 6에서 보는 바와 같이, 응집제만을 사용한 비교예 1 내지 3의 경우 철은 약 70%, 망간은 약 50%의 제거율을 보였으나, 굴패각이 첨가된 실시예 1 내지 3의 경우, 철은 약 90%에 가까운 제거를 나타냈으며, 망간은 모든 경우에 대해서 검출되지 않는 수준이었다. 따라서, 굴패각의 첨가가 준설토로 인한 중금속의 제거에도 뛰어난 효과가 있음을 알 수 있다.As shown in Table 6, Comparative Examples 1 to 3 using only a flocculant showed iron removal rate of about 70% and manganese about 50%, but in Examples 1 to 3 where oyster shell was added, iron was about Nearly 90% removal was seen and manganese was undetectable in all cases. Therefore, it can be seen that the addition of oyster shell has an excellent effect on the removal of heavy metals due to dredged soil.
<실험예 2 : 응집·침강 실험>Experimental Example 2: Coagulation / Sedimentation Experiment
상기 실험예 1에서 도출된 최적 응집제량 및 최적 굴패각 함량이 투입된 비교예 1 내지 3, 그리고 실시예 1과 2에 대하여 응집·침강 특성 실험을 수행하였다. Agglomeration and sedimentation characteristics experiments were performed for Comparative Examples 1 to 3 and Examples 1 and 2 to which the optimum amount of flocculant and the optimum oyster shell content derived in Experimental Example 1 were added.
본 실험예에서는 최적 응집제량 및 최적 굴패각 함량이 투입된 준설토의 침강이 실험 시작과 동시에 이루어져 계면고 측정의 의미가 없었으므로 우수한 침강특성을 사진으로 촬영하여 도 5a 내지 5c에 나타내었다. In the present experimental example, the sedimentation of the dredged soil in which the optimum flocculant amount and the optimum oyster shell content were input was made at the same time as the experiment was started. Therefore, the sedimentary soil measurement was not meaningful.
도 5a 내지 도 5c는 각각 응집·침강 특성 실험의 초기 단계, 30분 경과 후 및 60분 경과 후의 준설토 침강 상황을 보여주고 있다. 부호 1은 준설토만을 사용한 경우이고, 부호 2 내지 4는 각각 비교예 1 내지 3이며, 부호 5 및 6은 각각 실시예 1 및 2이다. 5A to 5C show the dredged soil sedimentation conditions after the initial stage, 30 minutes, and 60 minutes, respectively, of the flocculation and sedimentation characteristic experiments. Reference numeral 1 is a case where only dredged soil is used, reference numerals 2 to 4 are comparative examples 1 to 3, and reference numerals 5 and 6 are examples 1 and 2, respectively.
도 5a 내지 도 5c에서 보는 바와 같이, 응집제와 굴패각이 투입된 실시예 1 및 2의 준설토 침강은 기타조건과 비교했을 때 상당히 우수한 결과를 보였다. As shown in Figures 5a to 5c, the dredged soil sedimentation of Examples 1 and 2 in which the flocculant and the oyster shell were added showed significantly superior results compared to other conditions.
<실험예 3 : 압밀 실험>Experimental Example 3 Consolidation Experiment
1. 실내 압밀 실험1. Indoor Consolidation Experiment
압밀 실험은 준설토의 압축계수, 체적변화계수, 압축지수, 팽창지수, 선행압밀응력 등 지반의 압밀침하량과 시간관계를 추정할 수 있는 실험이다. 따라서, 준설토에 굴패각을 혼합한 경우 및 굴패각을 혼합하지 않은 경우에 대하여 압밀실험을 수행하였으며, 그 결과는 하기 표 7에 나타내었다.The consolidation test is an experiment that can estimate the consolidation settlement and time relationship of the ground such as the compression coefficient, volume change coefficient, compression index, expansion index, and prior consolidation stress of dredged soil. Therefore, consolidation experiments were performed for the case of mixing the oyster shell and dredging shell in the dredged soil, and the results are shown in Table 7 below.
상기 표 7에서 보는 바와 같이, 굴패각 함량이 증가할수록 압밀계수(C_v)와 투수계수(K)는 증가함을 알 수 있다.As shown in Table 7, the consolidation coefficient (C_v) and permeability coefficient (K) increases as the oyster shell content increases.
또한, 연약지반층 높이가 10 m인 경우, 위의 물성치를 이용하여 압밀 침하시간을 구하면 하기 표 8과 같다.In addition, when the height of the soft ground layer is 10 m, it is as shown in Table 8 to obtain the consolidation settlement time using the above properties.
상기 표 8에서 90% 압밀 시간이 굴패각량 0중량%, 10중량%, 20중량%에 대하여 각각 2886일, 2652일, 1963일로 나타났다. 이것은 굴패각을 넣지 않은 준설토의 압밀 시간에 비해 각각 10%와 32% 감소한 것이다. 따라서, 굴패각을 많이 넣을수록 압밀 시간이 단축됨을 알 수 있다.In Table 8, the 90% consolidation time was found to be 2886 days, 2652 days, and 1963 days for the oyster shells 0 wt%, 10 wt%, and 20 wt%, respectively. This is a 10% and 32% reduction, respectively, compared to the consolidation time of dredged soil without oyster shells. Therefore, it can be seen that the more the oyster shell is put, the shorter the consolidation time.
2. 모형 토조2. Model Tozo
초연약 점토(준설토)의 경우 압밀을 시키기 위해서는 많은 시간과 경비가 소요된다. 따라서, 준설토에 굴패각을 혼합한 경우, 굴패각을 혼합하지 않은 경우, 준설토에 응집제를 혼합한 경우(비교예 2; 염화제2철), 및 준설토에 굴패각과 응집제를 혼합한 경우(실시예 2; 염화제2철 및 굴패각)에 대해서 강제 압밀실험을 수행하였다. Ultra-soft clay (dredge) takes a lot of time and money to consolidate. Therefore, when oyster shells are mixed with dredged soil, when oyster shells are not mixed, when flocculant is mixed with dredged soil (Comparative Example 2; ferric chloride), and when oyster shells and flocculant are mixed with dredged soil (Example 2; Ferric consolidation tests were performed on ferric chloride and oyster shells).
각각 해수를 사용하여 함수율 300%로 동일한 조건에서 양면배수를 하였으며, 굴패각은 준설토 중량의 10중량%를 첨가하여 사용하였다. 상부(재하판)에는 하중을 올려서 압밀을 촉진시켰으며, 하중을 제하한 후 일정시간이 지난 후에 휴대용 콘시험기와 베인시험기를 이용하여 각각의 강도를 분석하였다.Sea water was used for both sides drainage under the same conditions at 300% water content. The upper part (loading plate) was loaded to promote consolidation. After a certain time after the load was unloaded, the strength was analyzed using a portable cone tester and a vane tester.
콘관입시험은 연약지반을 개량할 때 많이 이용된다. 예컨대, 중장비의 진입판단, 성토고의 결정, 샌드 드레인의 심도, 웰포인트의 위치 등을 결정하는 데 사용되며, 지반개량효과의 판정에도 많이 이용되고 있다. 참고로, 휴대용 콘관입시험은 미육군기술본부수로국(WES)이 연약지반에서 군차량의 통과 여부를 판정할 목적으로 휴대하기 간편하고 측정이 신속하도록 고안, 개량된 것으로 구조가 매우 간단하며, 전중량 약 8kg의 단관식과 약 15kg의 이중관식이 있으나, 대부분 단관식을 사용하는데, 단관식은 50cm 로드 10개와 혼자서 측정할 수 있도록 검력계(proving ring)에 백미러를 부착하였고, 핸들을 눌러서 한다. 콘 각도 30°, 콘 저면적 6,45㎠의 콘을 사용하여 심도 10cm의 간격으로 1cm/sec의 관입속도로 연약토층의 점착력을 신속하게 측정한다. The cone penetration test is often used to improve soft ground. For example, it is used to determine the entry judgment of heavy equipment, the determination of the fill level, the depth of the sand drain, the location of the well point, and the like. For reference, the portable cone penetration test is designed and improved to be easy to carry, quick to measure for the purpose of determining the passage of military vehicles in the soft ground by WES, and its structure is very simple. There are about 8kg of single tube and about 15kg of double tube, but most of them use single tube, which is attached with a rearview mirror on the proving ring to measure 10 rods with 50cm rods and press the handle. Using a cone with a cone angle of 30 ° and a cone bottom area of 6,45 cm 2, the adhesive force of the soft soil layer was quickly measured at a penetration speed of 1 cm / sec at an interval of 10 cm depth.
휴대용 콘관입시험의 결과는 하기 표 9 및 도 6에 나타내었다.The results of the portable cone penetration test are shown in Table 9 and FIG. 6.
* q c : 콘 지지력* q c : cone bearing capacity
상기 표 9 및 도 6에서 보는 바와 같이, 준설토에 응집제와 굴패각을 혼합한 경우의 흙의 강도가 2.02로 가장 크게 나타났다. As shown in Table 9 and Figure 6, the strength of the soil when the flocculant and oyster shell mixed in the dredged soil was the largest 2.02.
베인전단시험은 점토의 비배수 전단강도를 현장에서 측정하기 위하여 행한다. 일반적으로 베인시험은 십자형의 날개가 붙은 로드를 지주에 압입하고, 회전력을 가하였을 때의 저항력으로부터 날개에 의하여 형성된 원통형 전단면의 전단저항을 구하는 시험이다.The vane shear test is carried out to measure the undrained shear strength of clay in the field. In general, the vane test is a test to find the shear resistance of the cylindrical shear surface formed by the blade from the resistance when the rod with cross wing is pressed into the support.
점토의 전단강도는 현장에서 흐트러지지 않은 시료를 채취하여 실내시험으로 구할 수 있으나, 점토가 대단히 연약할 때는 시료채취나 공시체를 성형할 때 흐트러져, 원래의 강도를 얻기 어려운 때가 많다.Shear strength of clay can be obtained by in-situ test by taking undisturbed samples in the field. However, when the clay is very fragile, it is difficult to obtain the original strength because it is disturbed when sampling or forming specimens.
베인시험은 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위하여 고안된 것으로, 샘플링에서 공시체 성형에 이르기까지의 과정에서의 오차와 번거로움이 없는 이점이 있으며, 이 시험방법은 KS F 2342에 규정되어 있다.The vane test is designed to solve this problem, and has the advantage of no errors and hassles in the process from sampling to specimen formation. This test method is specified in KS F 2342.
베인전단시험 결과는 하기 표 10에 나타내었다. The vane shear test results are shown in Table 10 below.
상기 표 10에서 보는 바와 같이, 베인시험결과 역시 준설토에 응집제와 굴패각을 혼합한 경우의 흙의 전단강도가 0.12로 가장 크게 나타났다. As shown in Table 10, the vane test results also showed the greatest shear strength of 0.12 when the flocculant and oyster shell were mixed in the dredged soil.
또한, 실험 수행 중 배출되는 해수의 높이를 측정하였는데, 준설토에 응집제와 굴패각을 혼합한 경우가 가장 높았으며, 그 다음으로 준설토에 굴패각을 혼합한 경우, 준설토에 응집제를 혼합한 경우, 준설토만을 사용한 경우 순으로 나타났다. 이로부터 굴패각이 준설토의 투수계수를 증가시켜 빠른 시간안에 해수를 배출하며, 준설토의 강도를 증진시키는 효과가 있음을 알 수 있다.In addition, the height of the seawater discharged during the experiment was measured. The highest case was the case where the flocculant and the oyster shell were mixed with the dredged soil, and the next case when the oyster shell was mixed with the dredged soil, when the flocculant was mixed with the dredged soil, only the dredged soil was used. Case appeared. It can be seen that the oyster shell increases the permeability coefficient of dredged soil and discharges seawater in a short time and enhances the strength of dredged soil.
이상에서 설명한 바와 같이, 본 발명에 의한 굴패각을 이용한 준설토의 안정화 및 강도증진 방법은, 폐기물로 분류되어 무단 투기, 방치되어 있는 굴패각을 무기 응집제에 함께 사용함으로써, 압밀계수 및 투수계수를 증가시켜 빠른 시간 내에 해수를 배출시키고, 매립장에 투기된 준설토의 응집 형성과정을 단축시키며, 퇴적물을 침강시킬 수 있다. As described above, the method of stabilizing and enhancing the strength of dredged soil using the oyster shell according to the present invention is to increase the consolidation coefficient and the permeability coefficient by using the oyster shell, which is classified as waste, and which has been dumped and left untreated. It can discharge seawater in time, shorten the process of flocculation of dumped soil dumped in landfills, and settle sediments.
또한, 본 발명에 따른 굴패각을 이용한 준설토의 안정화 및 강도증진 방법은, 굴패각을 무기응집제와 함께 사용함으로써, 자중압밀된 연약한 준설토 지반을 빠른 시간내에 평형상태에 도달시킨 후, 중금속을 흡착시켜 제거하고, 준설토의 강도를 증진시켜 지반의 토성을 개량시킬 수 있다. In addition, the method of stabilizing and increasing the strength of dredged soil using the oyster shell according to the present invention, by using the oyster shell with an inorganic coagulant, after reaching the equilibrium state in the self-consolidated soft dredged soil in a short time, by adsorbing heavy metals In addition, the soil can be improved by improving the strength of dredged soil.
도 1은 본 발명의 실시예에서 사용되는 굴패각을 반복 분쇄한 후의 입도 분포를 나타내는 도면이다. 1 is a view showing the particle size distribution after repeated grinding of the oyster shell angle used in the embodiment of the present invention.
도 2는 본 발명의 실시예에서 사용되는 준설토의 비중계분석 결과를 나타내는 도면이다.2 is a view showing a hydrometer analysis result of dredged soil used in the embodiment of the present invention.
도 3a 내지 도 3c는 각각 종래 응집제로 사용되어 온 황산알루미늄, 염화제2철 및 황산제2철에 대하여 응집제 최적 주입량 실험을 실시한 결과를 나타내는 도면이다. 3A to 3C are graphs showing the results of experiments on the optimum amount of flocculant injection for aluminum sulfate, ferric chloride, and ferric sulfate, which have been used as flocculants, respectively.
도 4a 내지 도 4c는 각각 황산알루미늄, 염화제2철 및 황산제2철의 최적 응집제량에 대한 굴패각의 최적 주입량 실험을 실시한 결과를 나타내는 도면이다. 4A to 4C are graphs showing the results of the experiments on the optimum injection amount of oyster shells with respect to the optimum amount of flocculant of aluminum sulfate, ferric chloride and ferric sulfate, respectively.
도 5a 내지 도 5c는 각각 본 발명의 실험예에 따른 응집·침강 특성 실험의 초기 단계, 30분 경과 후 및 60분 경과 후의 준설토 침강 상황을 보여주는 사진이다. 5a to 5c are photographs showing the dredged soil sedimentation state after the initial stage, after 30 minutes and after 60 minutes of the flocculation and sedimentation characteristics test according to the experimental example of the present invention, respectively.
1: 준설토만을 사용한 경우 2: 비교예 1 1: When using only dredged soil 2: Comparative example 1
3: 비교예 2 4: 비교예 33: Comparative Example 2 4: Comparative Example 3
5: 실시예 1 6: 실시예 2 5: Example 1 6: Example 2
도 6은 본 발명의 실험예에 따른 휴대용 콘관입시험의 결과를 나타내는 도면이다. 6 is a view showing the results of the portable cone penetration test according to the experimental example of the present invention.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR10-2003-0011800A KR100501926B1 (en) | 2003-02-25 | 2003-02-25 | Method for stabilization and strength improvement of dredged soil using oyster shell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR10-2003-0011800A KR100501926B1 (en) | 2003-02-25 | 2003-02-25 | Method for stabilization and strength improvement of dredged soil using oyster shell |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| KR20040076453A KR20040076453A (en) | 2004-09-01 |
| KR100501926B1 true KR100501926B1 (en) | 2005-07-18 |
Family
ID=37362641
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR10-2003-0011800A KR100501926B1 (en) | 2003-02-25 | 2003-02-25 | Method for stabilization and strength improvement of dredged soil using oyster shell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| KR (1) | KR100501926B1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2020164770A (en) * | 2019-03-30 | 2020-10-08 | 株式会社熊谷組 | Soil improvement method |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100669491B1 (en) * | 2005-03-22 | 2007-01-16 | 한동준 | Recycling treatment method of dredged soil |
| KR101382743B1 (en) * | 2012-06-04 | 2014-04-10 | 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 | Method for controlling water color of dredged soil dump |
| KR102266783B1 (en) * | 2020-10-05 | 2021-06-17 | 김용현 | Wet improvement agent composition for slope protection and greening and Wet improved soil composition include this same and Method for constructing slope protection and greening |
-
2003
- 2003-02-25 KR KR10-2003-0011800A patent/KR100501926B1/en active IP Right Grant
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2020164770A (en) * | 2019-03-30 | 2020-10-08 | 株式会社熊谷組 | Soil improvement method |
| JP7273593B2 (en) | 2019-03-30 | 2023-05-15 | 株式会社熊谷組 | Soil improvement method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20040076453A (en) | 2004-09-01 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Lim et al. | Engineering properties of water/wastewater-treatment sludge modified by hydrated lime, fly ash and loess | |
| Mashifana et al. | Geotechnical Properties and Microstructure of Lime‐Fly Ash‐Phosphogypsum‐Stabilized Soil | |
| KR101030761B1 (en) | Cememtation of soft ground using bacteria | |
| CN101863601A (en) | Flocculation curing agent, composition thereof and stabilization improvement method of silt type soil | |
| JP5049453B2 (en) | How to deactivate sludge | |
| Banoune et al. | Treatment of river sediments by hydraulic binders for valorization in road construction | |
| Kushwaha et al. | Stabilization of Red mud using eko soil enzyme for highway embankment | |
| CN110420482A (en) | A kind of composite flocculation agent for handling oil-sand mine tailing and the processing method for curing thin tailing | |
| KR100501926B1 (en) | Method for stabilization and strength improvement of dredged soil using oyster shell | |
| He et al. | Cementation of sand with enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) using concrete-extracted calcium | |
| JPH0782984A (en) | Fluidization treatment method | |
| Karadoğan et al. | Dewatering of mine waste using geotextile tubes | |
| Arinze | Stabilization of laterites with industrial wastes: a recent and comprehensive review | |
| JP3525084B2 (en) | Soil improvement method and soil improvement material for highly hydrous soil | |
| Mastoi et al. | Physico-mechanical and microstructural behaviour of high-water content zinc-contaminated dredged sediment treated with integrated approach PHDVPSS | |
| Thomas et al. | Passive treatment of low-pH, ferric-iron dominated acid rock drainage in a vertical flow wetland II: metal removal | |
| Rajasekaran et al. | Particle size analysis of lime-treated marine clays | |
| CN105268731A (en) | Novel environmental protection material soil curing agent for ecological remediation | |
| Pratama et al. | Application of calcite precipitation method to increase the shear strength of peat soil | |
| CN114133121A (en) | Dredged sediment solidification treatment material with high water content and preparation method thereof | |
| Govindasamy et al. | Hydraulic conductivity of residual soil-cement mix | |
| RU2332363C2 (en) | Method of processing of bottom sludgy sediments | |
| JP2010099655A (en) | Sludge granulated product and its production method | |
| KR101317865B1 (en) | Method for improving settlement and consoliation rate of dredged soils using bacteria | |
| RU2546281C2 (en) | Insulating material im-ecodor |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A201 | Request for examination | ||
| N231 | Notification of change of applicant | ||
| E902 | Notification of reason for refusal | ||
| E701 | Decision to grant or registration of patent right | ||
| GRNT | Written decision to grant | ||
| FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20130708 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
| FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20140707 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
| FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20150907 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
| FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20160706 Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
| FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20170706 Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
| FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20180709 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
| FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20190708 Year of fee payment: 15 |