KR100492398B1 - Purifier using Plasma and adsorbent - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a purification apparatus using a plasma and an adsorbent that can generate a plasma in the adsorption type purification apparatus to decompose and sterilize contaminants and maintain the adsorption performance for a long time. Such an apparatus of the present invention comprises: a first electrode made of a conductor; A second electrode having a tubular shape surrounding the first electrode; And a first dielectric tube disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode and filled with an adsorbent therein to apply AC power to the first electrode and the second electrode and inject a reaction gas into the first dielectric tube to generate plasma. And injecting a liquid or gas containing contaminants into the first dielectric tube to adsorb the contaminants into the adsorbent, sterilizing microorganisms contained in the liquid or gas by the generated plasma, and improving the adsorption performance of the adsorbent. Characterized in that it can.

Therefore, the present invention has the effect of removing pollutants by the adsorbent itself, as well as the decomposition function of the pollutants by plasma discharge and sterilization by ozone to more effectively treat the pollutants.

Description

Purifier using plasma and adsorbent {Purifier using Plasma and adsorbent}

The present invention relates to a purifier for treating contaminants, and more particularly, to a purifier using plasma and an adsorbent that generates plasma in an adsorption type purifier to decompose and sterilize contaminants and maintain adsorption performance for a long time. It is about.

In general, the number of manufacturers who produce goods during the industrialization has increased, and these manufacturers contaminate water quality by unauthorized discharge of pollutants generated in the process of producing goods to rivers, lakes, shores, etc., destroying the natural environment. This phenomenon has increased.

In order to solve such environmental pollution, especially water pollution, the most conventional wastewater treatment method is a method of precipitating pollutants using hydroxides. This method draws the wastewater from the equalization tank at a constant rate and adjusts the pH concentration of the wastewater to the hydroxide formation to form the hydroxide of heavy metal, and adds flocculant to increase the sedimentation efficiency. It is to let. However, this method has the problem of having to dehydrate the sludge of suspended suspended solids or hydroxides with a mechanical dehydrator and secondary environmental pollution.

In addition, the wastewater treatment method using the adsorbent uses materials such as zeolites, talc, clay, activated carbon and activated carbon fibers, so that almost all odors and heavy metal substances can be removed depending on the combination of these materials, but wastewater is generated and The process is required and there is a problem in that the adsorbent (adsorption filter) must be replaced frequently.

In addition, the wastewater treatment method using a biofilter is a method of artificially multiplying microorganisms to oxidize and decompose and remove a to-be-processed object in a filter in which the microorganisms inhabit. There is a hassle to keep.

In addition, the wastewater treatment method using electromagnetism, ultraviolet rays and electron accelerators has almost no chemical input, is small in size, generates little secondary pollution or final waste, but has high equipment installation and maintenance costs and a large amount of wastewater. There is a problem that can not treat waste water.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, by inserting the adsorbent between the electrodes to generate a plasma to maintain the ability to adsorb contaminants for a long time to use the adsorbent semi-permanently, as the ozone generated during plasma discharge It is an object of the present invention to provide a purifying device having a sterilizing function and capable of decomposing contaminants by plasma.

In order to achieve the above object, the apparatus of the present invention comprises a first electrode made of a conductor; A second electrode having a tubular shape surrounding the first electrode; And a first dielectric tube disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode and filled with an adsorbent therein to apply AC power to the first electrode and the second electrode and inject reaction gas into the first dielectric tube. To generate a plasma, inject a liquid or gas containing contaminants into the first dielectric tube to adsorb contaminants to the adsorbent, sterilize microorganisms contained in the liquid or gas by the generated plasma, and It is characterized in that the adsorption performance of can be improved.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a perspective view of a purification apparatus using a plasma and an adsorbent according to a first embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is an example of a facility of the purification apparatus to which the present invention is applied.

First, referring to FIG. 1, a purifier using plasma and an adsorbent according to the present invention may include first, second, and third electrodes 10, 11, and 12, and second and second electrodes 11 and 11 for atmospheric pressure discharge of a metal or a conductive material. The first and second dielectric tubes 20 and 21 inside the third electrode 12, the adsorbent 40 to adsorb contaminants, and the first, second and third injection holes 50 to move gas and contaminants. 51 and 52 and first and second outlets 53 and 54.

In the inner center, there is a first electrode 10 that generates plasma discharge in the form of a metal rod, and two cylindrical tubes of different diameters, namely, second and third electrodes 11 and 12, are formed around the first electrode 10. ) Is located. At this time, the outermost cylindrical tube is the third electrode 12, and the cylindrical tube located between the first electrode 10 and the third electrode 12 is the second electrode 11. Inside the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 are dielectric tubes 20 and 21 surrounded by a dielectric material. Herein, the structures of the electrodes 11 and 12 and the dielectric tubes 20 and 21 may be variously implemented as a tube having a circular or polygonal shape, but in the embodiment of the present invention, a cylindrical tube will be described. .

The first dielectric tube 20 is filled with an adsorbent 40 for adsorbing and purifying contaminants. The first electrode 10 and the third electrode 12 apply in-phase AC power, and the second electrode 11 is filled with an adsorbent 40. ) Are respectively connected to an AC power supply device (not shown) to apply an abnormal AC power. The first injection port 50 and the reaction gas are connected to the inside of the first dielectric tube 20 to inject a contaminant (for example, contaminated wastewater or polluted gas) into the first dielectric tube 20. The second injection hole 51 is injected into the dielectric tube 21, and the first discharge port 53 discharges the injected reaction gas at the side thereof, and the lower discharge port is connected to the first discharge hole 53. And a third inlet 52 for injecting the reaction gas into the first dielectric tube 20, and a second outlet 54 for removing contaminants from the first dielectric tube 20 to discharge purified water. .

As such, the positions of the inlets 50, 51, 52 and the outlets 53, 54 according to the embodiment of the present invention may be variously changed within a range in which gas can be moved, and the second and third electrodes 11 may be changed. 12 is preferably used in the form of a coil, a mesh, or a tape using platinum (Pt), tungsten (W), silver (Ag), copper (Cu), etc. to increase the discharge efficiency of the plasma. .

The dielectric tubes 20 and 21 , , , It is preferable that it consists of oxide ceramics, such as these, and glass and quartz can also be used. In addition, in order to generate a stable plasma, the inside diameter or width can be varied and set in various ways depending on the type and flow rate of the gas within the range of 0.5 to 500 mm and the thickness within the range of 20 mm.

The adsorbent 40 is typically an activated carbon or activated carbon fiber which further promotes plasma discharge, and it is preferable to use other materials such as zeolite, talc, silica, clay, and ion exchange resin.

On the other hand, the plasma discharge flows the mixed gas at a flow rate of 0.01 ~ 100 l / min, more preferably at a flow rate of 0.05 ~ 10 l / min, the AC power applied between the three electrodes is a frequency of 1kHz ~ several GHz Use it. More preferably, a power frequency of 1 kHz to several tens of MHz is used, and an embodiment of the present invention uses a frequency in the range of 5 to 30 kHz.

As described above, when gas is introduced into the second dielectric tube 21 through the second injection hole 51 while the AC power is applied between the three electrodes 10, 11, and 12, the introduced gas is shown in FIG. 1. As described above, plasma discharge is primarily generated in the second region 31 between the two electrodes 11 and 12. Plasma, gas, and ozone generated at this time are discharged to the first discharge port 53, and are moved and injected to the inlet of the third injection hole 52 again. Then, plasma is generated in the first region 30 by the reaction gas and the electrode introduced through the third inlet 52, and the contaminants introduced through the first inlet 50 are adsorbed by the adsorbent 40. This can remove contaminants and further sterilize the ozone generated by the plasma.

That is, when the plasma discharge is applied not only in the atmospheric gas but also in the solution, the primary plasma discharge occurs in the second zone 31 and the generated plasma, gas and ozone flow into the first zone 30. In the first region 30, plasma discharge is weaker than in the second region 31, and the contaminants can be effectively purified by disintegrating, absorbing and removing the contaminants.

Examples of the purification facility to which the present invention is applied include a plating wastewater tank 201, a filtration filter 202, a separation membrane 203, and a purification tower 205 using the plasma and the adsorbent of the present invention, as shown in FIG. To purify the wastewater.

Referring to FIG. 2, the wastewater generated in the plating factory is primarily filtered in the filtration filter 202 via the plating wastewater tank 201, and fine metals are filtered while passing through the separation membrane 203. That is, in the filtration filter 202, sludge and the like having large particles are removed, and in the separation membrane 203, metals of fine particles are collected and recovered into the valuable metal recovery container 204. The valuable metals recovered in this way can be recycled.

The wastewater that has passed through the membrane 203 is purified again in the purification tower 205 using the plasma and the adsorbent according to the present invention, and discharged as pure water from which contaminants have been removed. The purification tower 205 is composed of an atmospheric pressure plasma generating tower 206 and an activated carbon adsorption tower 207 to pass the wastewater at the same time. At this time, contaminants such as acid-base and organic matter are completely removed. In other words, the pollutants are adsorbed to the surface in a solid state by moving the surface layer of the adsorbent filled in the adsorption tower. At this time, the adsorption performance is determined by the micropores, specific surface area, particle size, surface polarity and oxygen compound of the filter surface. And so on. In the present invention, it is possible to use the adsorption filter semi-permanently by changing the structural characteristics of the adsorbent by plasma treatment to improve the performance.

As described above, by discharging the plasma at atmospheric pressure to etch the surface of the adsorbent, a semi-permanent adsorption filter can be used, and the sterilization function by ozone generated by the plasma discharge is included to allow more effective water treatment.

Hereinafter, another embodiment of the purification apparatus using the plasma and the adsorbent according to the present invention will be described. For reference, parts that perform the same function in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

3 is a perspective view of a purifier according to a second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a purifier according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a purifier according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. 6 is a graph showing the adsorption capacity or removal ability of chromium over time.

First, referring to FIG. 3, the purification apparatus using the plasma and the adsorbent according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes the second and third electrodes 11 and 12 for atmospheric discharge of a metal or a conductive material, and the electrodes 11 and 12. ), The first and second dielectric tubes 20 and 21 located inside the c), the adsorbent 40 having an adsorption function, and the first, second and third inlets 50, 51 and 52 capable of moving gas and contaminants. It consists of the 1st, 2nd discharge ports 53 and 54. As shown in FIG. Compared to the purifying apparatus according to the first embodiment of FIG. 1, the purifying apparatus of FIG. 3 is configured without the first electrode (10 of FIG. 1).

That is, the cylindrical tube located at the outermost side of the two cylindrical tubes having different diameters from each other is the third electrode 12, and the inner cylindrical tube is the second electrode 11. There are dielectric tubes inside the two electrodes 11 and 12, and the first dielectric tube 20 is inside the second electrode 11, and the second dielectric tube 21 is inside the third electrode 12. It is located in the form of a double tube. In addition, the adsorbent 40 is filled in the first dielectric tube 20, and the second electrode 11 and the third electrode 12 are connected to an AC power supply (not shown).

In the purification device configured as described above, plasma discharge occurs in the second region 31, which is a space between the second and third electrodes 11 and 12, and in the first region 30, contaminants are decomposed and decomposed by the adsorbent 40. It is adsorbed and removed and sterilized by ozone.

Next, referring to FIG. 4, the purification apparatus using the plasma and the adsorbent according to the third embodiment of the present invention includes the first and second electrodes 10 and 11 and the second electrode 11 for atmospheric pressure discharge of a metal or a conductive material. ), The first dielectric tube 20, the second dielectric tube 21, the adsorbent 40 having an adsorption function, and the first, second, and third inlets 50, 51, capable of moving gas and contaminants. 52 and first and second outlets 53 and 54. Compared to the purifying apparatus according to the first embodiment of FIG. 1, the purifying apparatus of FIG. 4 is configured without the third electrode 12 of FIG. 1.

That is, the first electrode 10 for generating a plasma discharge in the form of a metal rod is located in the center of the inside, and a cylindrical tube, that is, the second electrode 11, is positioned around the first electrode 10, and the second electrode ( 11) Inside there is a first dielectric tube 20. The second dielectric tube 21 is positioned outside the second electrode 11, and the adsorbent 40 is filled in the first dielectric tube 20. In this case, each of the electrodes 10 and 11 is connected to an AC power supply (not shown), and a high frequency AC power is applied between the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 11.

Since the purification apparatus configured as described above has no third electrode (12 in FIG. 1), weak plasma discharge occurs in the second region 31, and plasma is generated by the first and second electrodes 10 and 11 in the first region 30. Contaminants are decomposed, adsorbed and removed by the adsorbent 40 at the same time as the discharge occurs, and are sterilized by ozone.

Finally, referring to FIG. 5, the purification apparatus using the plasma and the adsorbent according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention includes the first and second electrodes 10 and 11 and the electrode 11 for atmospheric pressure discharge of a metal or a conductive material. A dielectric tube 20 located inside the chamber, an adsorbent 40 for adsorbing contaminants, and first and third inlets 50 and 52 and second outlets 53 and 54 capable of moving gas and contaminants. do. Compared to the purifying apparatus according to the first embodiment of FIG. 1, the purifying apparatus of FIG. 5 includes a second dielectric tube (21 of FIG. 1), a third electrode (12 of FIG. 1), and a second injection hole that form a double tube with each other. (51 of FIG. 1) and the 1st discharge port (53 of FIG. 1) are comprised without a simple structure.

That is, the first electrode 10 for generating a plasma discharge in the form of a metal rod is located in the center of the inside, and a cylindrical tube, that is, the second electrode 11, is positioned around the first electrode 10, and the second electrode ( 11) Inside the dielectric tube 20 is located. In addition, the adsorbent 40 is filled in the dielectric tube 20, and is connected to an AC power supply device (not shown) so as to apply AC power between both electrodes 10 and 11.

In the purification device configured as described above, plasma is generated in a space located between the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 11, that is, in the first region 30, and contaminants are removed by the adsorbent 40 and sterilized. do.

In order to investigate the purification performance of these embodiments, the purification characteristics of each embodiment were measured using a chromium solution, and as shown in FIG. 6.

The chromium solution used in the experiment Was added to distilled water and stirred at room temperature while purging with nitrogen. Since the adsorption amount of chromium is affected by the size of the pH of the solution, the concentration was adjusted to pH 3 using 0.1 N hydrochloric acid (HCl) and 0.1 sodium hydroxide (NaOH). When a diphenylcarbazide solution, which is a coloring agent, is added to a chromium solution, a pink chromium compound is formed. The chromium concentration in the solution can be obtained by measuring absorbance at a wavelength of 540 nm using a UV spectrophotometer.

Referring to FIG. 6, the horizontal axis represents time (unit: minutes), and the vertical axis represents a logarithm of the difference between the chromium concentration of the injected solution and the chromium concentration in the purified solution. Indicates.

According to the illustrated graph, it can be seen that the purification characteristics are best when the first electrode, the second electrode, and the third electrode are used (Example 1), and the other embodiment (when using two electrodes). ), It can be seen that the purification characteristics are significantly improved compared to the existing method.

On the other hand, the purifier using the plasma and the adsorbent according to the present invention is a technology that can save and recycle the resources, depending on the scope of application of the purification and purification of industrial chemicals from factory to home by varying the size and voltage of the purifier It is widely applicable to controlling air and water pollution such as treatment, exhaust gas treatment, solvent recovery, and deodorization.

As described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.

Comparing the above-described bar purification technology of the present invention with other purification methods can be summarized as follows.

division Soil deodorization Bio adsorption method Activated Carbon Adsorption Electron beam, ultrasonic wave The present invention Environmental friendliness × O O ◎ ◎ Throughput ◎ O O × O unit price O △ △ △ O Maintenance O △ △ ◎ O Coverage △ O ◎ O ◎ quality △ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ Technical completion × O ◎ O O Process method Wet Wet Wet deflation deflation

◎: Excellent, O: Good, △: Normal, X: Poor

Table 1 shows the excellence of the various wastewater treatment methods according to environmental friendliness, throughput, unit cost, maintenance and maintenance costs, application range, quality, technical completion, processing method.

Referring to Table 1, the soil deodorization method is a method of adsorbing contaminants into soil or oxidizing and decomposing contaminants using microorganisms in the soil. It can be used because the throughput is very high, but the technical completion is very low, the environmental friendliness is also very low due to the generation of another harmful bacteria. Bio adsorption method is excellent in quality, environmental friendliness, throughput, application range, and technical completion is good, but there is a disadvantage that the installation cost and maintenance cost of the device. Activated carbon adsorption method that adsorbs contaminants using activated carbon has a range of application, quality, and technical perfection, environmental friendliness and throughput are good, but there is a disadvantage that it requires a lot of cost and maintenance and maintenance due to regular replacement of activated carbon. . The method using the electron beam and the ultrasonic wave has excellent environmental friendliness, maintenance and quality, but it has a high installation cost and has a very low throughput.

On the other hand, the present invention is excellent in both environmental friendliness, application range, quality in terms of, as shown in Table 1, the throughput and technical completeness is also superior to the conventional method, there is an advantage of low installation cost and maintenance costs.

As described above, the plasma and the adsorbent purifying apparatus according to the present invention further remove the pollutants by the characteristics of the adsorbent itself, as well as the decomposition function of the pollutants by the plasma discharge and sterilization by ozone to more effectively contaminate. The material can be processed. In particular, there is an effect that can be used semi-permanently by maintaining or increasing the specific area (m ² / g) of the adsorbent by the surface treatment using plasma. In addition, since the size and voltage of the purifier are very diverse, there is an effect that can be manufactured in a portable that can be easily used outdoors.

1 is a perspective view of a purification apparatus using a plasma and an adsorbent according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a facility diagram of a purification device according to the present invention,

3 is a perspective view of a purification apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention,

4 is a perspective view of a purification apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention,

5 is a perspective view of a purification apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention,

6 is a graph showing the adsorption capacity or removal ability of chromium over time.

** Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings **

10; first electrode 11; second electrode

20; first dielectric tube 21; second dielectric tube

30; first zone 31; second zone

40; Adsorbent 50, 51, 52; First, second, third injection port

53,54; 1st, 2nd outlet

Claims (7)

delete A first electrode made of a conductor; A second electrode having a tubular shape surrounding the first electrode; A first dielectric tube disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode and filled with an adsorbent therein; And A second dielectric tube forming a predetermined space outside the second electrode, AC power is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode, a reaction gas is injected into the second dielectric tube to generate a plasma primarily in the second dielectric tube, and then the plasma is returned to the first dielectric tube. Adsorb the contaminants into the adsorbent from the liquid or gas containing the contaminants injected into the first dielectric tube by the injection into the adsorbent, sterilize the microorganisms contained in the liquid or gas by plasma and improve the adsorption performance of the adsorbent. Purifier using the plasma and the adsorbent, characterized in that it can be. The method of claim 2, wherein the purifying device, Further comprising a third electrode of the tube type surrounding the second dielectric tube, AC power is applied between the first electrode, the second electrode, and the third electrode, a reaction gas is injected into the second dielectric tube to generate a plasma first, and then the plasma is returned to the first dielectric tube. Adsorbs the contaminants into the adsorbent from the liquid or gas containing the contaminants passing through the first dielectric tube by injecting the particles into the adsorbent, sterilizes microorganisms contained in the liquid or gas by plasma, and improves the adsorption performance of the adsorbent. Purification apparatus using a plasma and an adsorbent, characterized in that it can be. The method of claim 2 or 3, wherein the adsorbent Purifier using plasma and adsorbent, characterized in that any one of activated carbon, activated carbon fiber, zeolite, mica, silica, talc, clay. The method of claim 2, wherein the dielectric is It consists of a circular tube or polygonal tube shape, , , , Purifier using plasma and an adsorbent, characterized in that the oxide-based ceramic, glass, or quartz. The method of claim 2 or 3, wherein the first electrode is a cylindrical or polygonal rod, The second electrode and the third electrode is a purifier using a plasma and an adsorbent, characterized in that any one of the coil, mesh or tape formed in the form of a tube. A first dielectric tube filled with an adsorbent therein; A tube-type second electrode surrounding the first dielectric tube; A third electrode made of a conductor tube; And A second dielectric tube positioned between the second electrode and the third electrode AC power is applied to the second electrode and the third electrode, a reaction gas is injected into the second dielectric tube to generate a plasma first, and then the plasma is injected into the first dielectric tube again. Adsorbing the contaminants in the liquid or gas containing the contaminants that pass through the dielectric tube with the adsorbent, sterilize the microorganisms contained in the liquid or gas by plasma and improve the adsorption performance of the adsorbent Purifier using plasma and adsorbent.