KR100483958B1 - Brazing Joining Method Utilizing A Hole For Filler Metal Infiltration - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a brazing joining method using a penetration hole through the filler metal, the filler metal melted through the through-hole by forming a through-hole to the portion to be joined to the metal plate to be located at the top before the butt operation of each metal sheet And a method of joining the flux by infiltrating and filling the gap into the gaps between the metal sheets. Such a joining method may include a drilling step (S1000) of forming a through hole in a corresponding joining portion of each metal plate; A butt step (S2000) of fixing the joint portions of the metal sheets overlapping each other; A filler material fixing step (S3000) for inserting filler material and flux into the through hole; A melting step (S4000) of heating and permeating the filler metal and the flux until the gaps between the metal sheets and the through holes are filled; And a solidification step of cooling and solidifying the filled filler metal and flux (S5000). The filler metal is penetrated through the through hole, thereby minimizing the thermal effect on the base material and of the faster joining operation. If the brazing head is attached to the end of the robot arm, it can be applied to the automation process according to the coordinate input of the through hole.

Description

Brazing Joining Method Utilizing A Hole For Filler Metal Infiltration}

The present invention relates to a brazing joining method of the overlapping metal plate material, and more particularly to a thermal bonding method of forming a hole in the overlapping portion of each of the overlapping metal plate material and heat-joining the filler metal while penetrating the filler metal and flux therethrough. It relates to a brazing joining method using the through-hole penetrating penetration hole presented.

In general, brazing is a method of joining each member by interposing a melting material such as lead and melting it between the respective members, as compared with locally heating and fusion bonding the member itself, which is a welding target.

This brazing is distinguished from soldering which uses lead having a lower melting point as the filler metal on the basis of about 427 ° C., and a filler material having a higher melting point is used. Brazing bonding is used, in particular when joining dissimilar metal members, as the base member is not melted by the use of such filler materials.

However, in the industrial field, the overlap welding of metal sheets is mainly used for resistance spot welding. Resistance spot welding method is easy to automate, very fast process and real-time monitoring of quality has become an essential process for welding of automotive sheet, especially in the automobile manufacturing industry.

However, the resistance spot welding method has a problem in that it is difficult to equalize the quality because the current leaks to the already bonded part when welding several points of the intimate part, and the marks are pressed in the joint part after the joining to damage the aesthetics. Accordingly, in the automotive industry, in order to remove the traces of the welded spot after spot welding, many workers are mobilized to fill or grind the traces of the welded spot.

Accordingly, a new welding method that is widely studied in the automotive industry is a laser spot welding method using a laser. The laser spot welding method has advantages in that the bonding is very fast and there are few traces of the bonding, and there is no thermal effect on the peripheral portion and the bonding strength is high by using a very concentrated heat source.

However, all of the above-described welding methods are suitable for joining ferritic metal sheets, and there is a problem in that it is very difficult to apply them to joining dissimilar metal materials such as aluminum or steel sheets.

In addition, due to environmental problems and exhaustion of resources, a lot of efforts are being made to improve the fuel efficiency of automobiles, and thus, research on the weight reduction of automobile bodies has been widely conducted. As much of the body has already been developed and applied with a focus on weight reduction, the attempts to reduce the weight of other parts have already reached saturation, and the basic steel plate materials, such as galvanized steel or high-strength steel, which form the basic structure of the vehicle, have to be changed. Necessity is emerging.

To this end, the automobile industry has already been widely applied to apply the material of the car body using plastic reinforced resin or high-strength aluminum alloy. When such light and high strength nonferrous metal material is used as the basic structural material of the vehicle, the current resistance is The application of welding techniques such as spot welding or laser welding becomes very difficult.

Therefore, brazing is the most widely used method for joining nonferrous metals or dissimilar metals for a long time. Brazing is a joining technique in which the base metal is not melted. The thermal effect of the joining process is small and the bonding strength is similar to that of welding. The advantage is that the joining of various materials is possible. In addition, the shape of the joint portion required for brazing can be applied to the overlapping joint portion of the metal sheet as in the current spot welding or laser spot welding.

On the other hand, since the brazing does not melt the base material, unlike welding, bonding is performed only by removing the oxide film on the surface of the base material. In order to remove the oxide film and prevent further formation, the use of a chemical flux is essential, and a brazing filler metal that is able to fill the gap between the two base materials by capillary action is also essential.

Currently, most brazing methods include placing brazing filler metals and fluxes on the surface to be joined before joining, and then assembling the joints and heating them without fixing them so that the filler metals and fluxes melt and fill the gaps. It is common. At this time, the process of supplying brazing filler metal and flux to the surface to be joined is mostly done by hand, and some of the supply process is automated, but this also serves as a factor that complicates the entire process.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, two conventional brazing methods for the conventional overlapping joints will be described.

First, in the method shown in FIG. 1, the filler metal 30 and the flux 40 are inserted in advance between the surfaces of the first metal plate 10 and the second metal plate 20 to be joined, and then each metal plate 10 As a method of brazing by overlapping and heating the external heat source 50, the inserting of the filler metal 30 and the flux 40 is complicated, cumbersome, and greatly hinders automation.

The method shown in FIG. 2 is a method in which the filler metal 30 and the flux 40 are installed outside the surfaces to be joined to each of the metal sheets 10 and 20 and heated to induce absorption due to capillary phenomenon. . In this case, it is not necessary to insert the process in advance, so the operation process is relatively easy, but the first metal plate 10 and the second metal plate 20 of the lower portion need to be heated in a wide range so that the filler metal 30 is formed on each metal plate 10. Since the bonding is performed by being absorbed into the gap between the gaps 20 and 20, the heat effect on the metal sheet is relatively large, and there is a problem in that it is difficult to control and measure the gap absorption amount.

Due to this problem, like the previous resistance spot welding, it is possible to join the overlapping joint portions of non-ferrous metal sheet material and dissimilar metal plate material at a relatively high speed with each metal sheet material 10 and 20 superposed thereon without preparing a joint portion separately. There is a demand for technology.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and the first object of the present invention is to perforate one of each metal plate and overlap with each other, thereby inserting the filler metal and the flux through the holes and simultaneously heat-bonding the same. It is to provide a brazing joining method using a penetration hole through the filler metal penetration can be progressed faster.

In addition, the second object of the present invention, the insertion of the filler metal and flux and the heating process is performed at the same time, so that the filler metal and flux molten in the gap of each metal sheet penetrates uniformly by the heat conduction and capillary phenomenon, the base metal sheet material It is to provide a brazing joining method using a penetration hole for the filler metal infiltrates that can obtain a large penetration rate while relatively minimizing the heat effect applied to the.

Objects of the present invention as described above, the punching step (S1000) for forming a through hole in the corresponding junction portion of any of the metal plate;

A butt step (S2000) of fixing the joint portions of the metal sheets overlapping each other;

A filler material fixing step (S3000) for inserting filler material and flux into the through hole;

A filler metal melting step (S4000) of heating and infiltrating the filler metal and the flux until the gaps between the metal sheets and the through holes are filled; And

It is achieved by the brazing bonding method using a filler material penetration through hole characterized in that it comprises a; solidifying step (S5000) to cool and solidify the filled filler material and flux.

Here, the through hole is preferably formed at regular intervals along the overlapped portion of the metal plate member.

And in the drilling step (S1000), it is preferable to drill the through-hole in a shape having a constant inner diameter along the height direction.

In addition, in the drilling step (S1000), it is preferable to drill the through hole in a shape in which the inner diameter is relatively reduced along the height direction.

At this time, the filler metal and the flux is preferably in the shape of a wire in which the flux is centered around the filler material so that one side is inserted into the through hole.

In the filler metal fixing step (S3000), it is preferable that the filler metal and the flux are inserted into the through hole so as to be inclined with respect to the metal plate.

In addition, in the melting step (S4000), it is preferable to heat the insertion portion of the filler metal and the flux.

In addition, the heat source used for the heating is preferably any one selected from the group of heating devices for bonding including a laser for heating, an induction coil structure, a plasma torch.

Other objects, specific advantages and novel features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description and the preferred embodiments associated with the accompanying drawings.

Next, the brazing bonding method using the filler metal penetration through hole according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

3 is a flowchart illustrating a brazing bonding method according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, in the bonding method, a through hole 110 is formed in one of the metal plates 100 and 200 prepared as a base material, and heat penetrates the filler metal 300 and the flux 400 through each metal. The molten filler material 300 and the flux 400 are filled in the gap c between the plate materials 100 and 200, thereby joining the metal plate materials 100 and 200.

At this time, since the heating is limited to the corresponding insertion portion of the filler metal 300 and the flux 400, the thermal effect on each of the metal plates 100 and 200 as the base material can be relatively reduced.

In such a joining method, first, a drilling operation is performed on the corresponding portions to be overlapped with each other in the prepared two metal sheets. At this time, the first metal plate 100 to be positioned relatively above each of the metal plate materials 100 and 200 is drilled through a punching operation or a drilling operation to form a through hole 110, wherein the through hole 110 is raised. It can be drilled along the direction or inclined with respect to the height direction. Thereafter, the inner circumference of the through hole 110 is smoothed and finished by reaming. If each metal plate 100,200 to be joined is formed into a curved surface through a press work, rather than a simple flat plate, a corresponding position of a press die (not shown) to reduce the complexity and cost increase of the work due to the punching work. By inserting a punch (not shown) to the surface can be made to form and punch at the same time.

The number of formation of the through hole 110 is different depending on the area of the portion to be bonded. If the area is relatively small, one is formed in the center of the portion. Otherwise, if the area is relatively large, a plurality of holes are drilled along the end portion of the first metal plate 100 which is relatively long, and each through-hole is minimized so that the thermal effect of the base material by the heat source 500 is minimized. 110 is formed for each interval having a length larger than the corresponding inner diameter and arranged in a line (S1000).

After such a drilling operation is performed butt operation overlapping each of the metal plate (100,200). Put the first metal plate 100 on the top of the second metal plate 200 to be joined below the portion to be joined, and then each metal plate 100 (200, 200) with a vise (not shown), etc. to fix it so as not to move. Bit both sides of the Then the perforated through-hole 110 is exposed upward. (S2000)

After such a butt operation, the filler metal 300 and the flux 400 to be inserted into the through hole 110 are prepared, and the brazing filler metal 300 has a melting point of the solder filler 300 based on about 427 ° C. It is relatively high lead alloy. And the flux (400) is provided to maintain the clean state by removing the oxide film existing on the surface of the site to be bonded, using a borate, boron (Boron), Borax (Fused Borax) and the like. In the present invention, the through hole 110 is molded into a wire shape in which the flux 400 is sheathed around the filler material 300 so as to be easily inserted and easily adjusted. In addition, the flux 400 may be molded into a wire shape in which a flux cored wire is formed.

The lower end of the wire-shaped filler material 300 and the flux 400 prepared as described above is inserted into the through hole 110 and a heating laser, an induction coil structure, a plasma torch, and the like are prepared as the heat source 500. At this time, the filler metal 300 and the flux 400 is inclined to one side in the inserted state inserted. Accordingly, the insertion part is exposed as it is when viewed from above to provide an easy to direct heat directly to the site. Therefore, the heating may be limited to the insertion portion, thereby minimizing the thermal effect on the first metal plate 100 that is the base material (S3000).

In this way, heating is performed toward the portion inserted into the through hole 110 in the filler metal 300 and the flux 400 arranged aside. The heating proceeds up to about 427 ° C. or more, and the molten filler material 300 and the flux 400 are thereby penetrated into the gap c between the respective metal sheets 100 and 200 through the through holes 110 and around the corresponding area. As heat conduction occurs, it is diffused into the capillary phenomenon. The heating is continued from the gap c to the through hole 110 until the filler 300 and the flux 400 are filled, and then stops when the through hole 110 is filled up (S4000).

Thereafter, the filler metal 300 and the flux 400 filled with natural cooling are solidified and fixed between the gaps c. Then, the parts leaked out of the gaps c and the through holes 110 are removed by a finishing operation and bonded. (S5000)

Figure 4 is a perspective view showing a brazing bonding method according to a first embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a bonding method according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the joining portions of the metal plates 100 and 200 are relatively small, and only one through-hole 110 is formed while the inner diameter thereof is uniformly drilled along the height direction and then joined. .

Here, among the metal plates 100 and 200 which are opposed to each other, the first metal plate 100 is relatively upper and the second metal plate 200 is below.

The through-hole 110 formed by the drilling operation is exposed to the upper surface of the portion to be joined in the first metal plate 100. The filler metal 300 and the flux 400 having a wire shape are inserted into the through hole 110 and are inclined to one side with respect to the height direction.

And the bonding is performed by heating the insertion portion from the heat source 500, when a robot (not shown) that is used during the joining operation is typically used when inputting the coordinate values of the axial direction of the through-hole 110 The heat source 500 may be mounted on the heat source 500.

If one side edge is the origin at the end portion of the first metal plate 100 to be joined, the through hole 110 is located at the center in the width direction of the end so that the robot can be designated by inputting the coordinate value of the corresponding position. The heating proceeds through the heat source 500 mounted horizontally.

At this time, the heat source 500 mounted on the robot applies heat vertically to the upper surface of the first metal plate 100, thereby exposing the filler material 300 and the flux 400 to one side and exposing the corresponding heating part. It is preferable to arrange as much as possible.

As the heating proceeds to about 427 ° C. or more, the filler metal 300 and the flux 400 that are melted are filled while penetrating through the gaps c of the metal plates 100 and 200 through the through holes 110, and the gap ( When c) is filled up and the molten filler metal 300 rises up to the through hole 110, heating is terminated.

6 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a bonding method according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 6, the through-hole 110 is formed in the first metal plate 100 by drilling the through-hole 110. In this case, the through-hole 110 is formed in a shape in which the inner diameter decreases in the height direction.

And overlapping the upper surface of the second metal plate member 200 on the lower surface of the first metal plate member 100 and inserting the filler material 300 and the flux 400 formed in a wire shape in the through-hole 110 Give it to one side. Thereafter, the filler metal 300 and the flux 400 inserted into the through hole 110 are heated and melted to a corresponding melting temperature (about 427 ° C.) or more.

Accordingly, the filler metal 300 and the flux 400 are melted and filled while penetrating into the gap c between the metal plates 100 and 200 through the through holes 110. At this time, since the inner diameter of the lower end of the through hole 110 is the largest, the molten filler metal 300 and the flux 400 are melted by their own weight and the amount accumulated in the lower portion of the through hole 110 is relatively high. It is relatively easy to penetrate into the gap (c), and in addition, it may be molded and used to give the ease of penetration by rounding the lower end portion.

As such, when the filler metal 300 and the flux 400 melted in the gap c and the through hole 110 are completely filled, the bonding is terminated by stopping the heating and naturally cooling and fixing.

7 is a perspective view showing a brazing bonding method according to a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7, when the area of the portion to be bonded is relatively large, the bonding is performed by drilling a plurality of through holes 110.

Four through-holes 110 are formed in the upper first metal plate 100 along the end of the portion to be joined. At this time, by forming the spacing of each through-hole 110 to be relatively larger than the corresponding inner diameter of each through-hole 110, it is possible to minimize the heat effect during heating on the first metal plate 100 as the base material. have.

In addition, the filler metal 300 and the flux 400 formed in a wire shape are inserted into the through holes 110 and disposed sideways to one side, and then the insertion portion is heated by the heat source 500 to heat the filler material 300 and the flux. Melting of 400 proceeds.

During the heating and melting operation, the filler metal 300 and the flux 400 may be inserted and disposed at the same time through the corresponding through hole 110 and heated at the same time. In addition, the insertion and heating may be sequentially performed.

If using an existing welding robot as an automated process, a certain point of the first metal member, for example, one side of the end of the portion to be joined as the origin and input the coordinates of the respective through hole 110, the sequential heating Melting may proceed, or when the corresponding number of heat sources 500 are mounted in correspondence with the through holes 110 in the robot, simultaneous progress is possible.

The filler metal 300 and the flux 400 melted by the heating operation as described above are infiltrated into the gap c between the metal sheets 100 and 200 while being melted and eventually rise through the through holes 110. Thereafter, the bonding is completed by higher ordering the filler metal 300 and the flux 400 filled with natural cooling.

In the brazing bonding method using the filler metal penetration through hole according to the present invention as described above, the case of using a robot is illustrated, in this case, the material of each of the metal plate (100,200), the area of the corresponding portion to be bonded to a separate controller. Based on the strength and heating time of the heat source 500, by adjusting the amount of filler material 300 can be used differently.

In addition, the shape of the through-hole 110 is a shape in which the inner diameter is constant or reduced along the height direction is illustrated, in addition to the shape of the inner diameter is reduced along the height direction, the shape in which the spiral is formed like a screw thread on the inner circumference, filler material 300 And a shape having an inner circumference inclined along the inclined arrangement direction of the flux 400, and a cross section having a polygonal shape such as a triangle, a square, a pentagon, and the like.

In addition, the through-hole 110 is not only arranged in a line along the end of the first metal plate 100, but also included in the present invention to arrange in parallel in a plurality of rows when the area to be bonded is very large, at this time, The through-holes 110 may be punched and used as a zigzag arrangement in which the through-holes 110 in adjacent rows are disposed between the through-holes 110 in a row.

According to the brazing joining method using the filler metal penetration through hole according to the present invention as described above, penetration of the filler metal to the portion to be joined is rapid, uniform filling is possible between the gaps by heat conduction and capillary phenomenon, Since the heat effect on the base metal can be minimized by heating only the insertion portion of the filler metal and the flux, it is possible to obtain a large amount of a joint product having excellent bonding strength.

In addition, as it is easy to apply the automated process using the existing welding robot, the same level of automation as that of the conventional resistance spot welding or laser welding can be achieved. Accordingly, it is possible to obtain a precise bonded product and reduce the process cost. There is this.

In particular, in the development of automobile's own lightweight, there is an effect that can be easily applied to the joining of non-ferrous metal (for example, aluminum).

Although the present invention has been described in connection with the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it is possible to make various modifications or variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the appended claims will cover such modifications and variations as fall within the spirit of the invention.

1 is a first configuration diagram showing a conventional brazing joining method,

Figure 2 is a second configuration showing a conventional brazing joining method,

3 is a flow chart illustrating a brazing joining method according to the present invention;

4 is a perspective view showing a brazing bonding method according to a first embodiment of the present invention,

5 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a bonding method according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a bonding method according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

7 is a perspective view showing a brazing bonding method according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

<Description of the code | symbol about the principal part of drawing>

10: first metal plate 20: second metal plate

30: Dragonfly 40: Flux

50: heat source 100: the first metal plate

110: through hole 200: second metal plate

300: filler material 400: flux

500: heat source c: gap

Claims (8)

Perforating step (S1000) for forming the through-hole 110 in any one of the corresponding junction portion of each of the metal plate (100,200); Butt step (S2000) for fixing the bonding parts of the metal plate (100,200) overlapping each other; A filler material fixing step (S3000) for inserting the filler material 300 and the flux 400 into the through hole 110; A filler metal melting step (S4000) of heating and infiltrating the filler metal (300) and the flux (400) until the gap (c) between the metal plate materials (100,200) and the through hole (110) are filled; And Brazing bonding method using a filler material penetration through hole characterized in that it comprises a; solidifying step (S5000) to cool and solidify the filled filler material 300 and flux (400). The method of claim 1, wherein the through hole 110 is brazing bonding method using a filler material penetration through hole, characterized in that formed at a predetermined interval along the overlapping end portion of the metal plate (100,200). The method of claim 2, wherein in the drilling step (S1000), Brazing joining method using the filler metal penetration through hole characterized in that the through hole 110 is punctured in a constant shape along the height direction. The method of claim 2, wherein in the drilling step (S1000), Brazing joining method using the filler metal penetration through hole characterized in that the perforating the through hole 110 in a shape that the inner diameter is relatively reduced along the height direction.  The filler metal 300 and the flux 400 has a wire shape in which the flux 400 is sheathed around the filler material 300 so that one side is inserted into the through hole 110. Brazing joining method using a penetration through the filler metal. The filler metal fixing step (S3000), characterized in that the filler metal 300 and the flux 400 is inserted into the through-hole 110 so as to be inclined with respect to the metal plate (100, 200). Brazing joining method using a penetration through the filler metal. According to claim 1, In the melting step (S4000), Brazing bonding method using a filler material penetration through hole characterized in that for heating the insertion portion of the filler material 300 and the flux (400). 8. The penetration hole for filler metal penetration according to claim 7, wherein the heat source 500 used for heating is any one selected from a group of heating apparatuses for thermal bonding including a laser for heating, an induction coil structure, and a plasma torch. Brazing bonding method using.