KR100476345B1 - Rope brake system of elevator by using cam - Google Patents

Abstract

An elevator rope brake system using a cam is provided to prevent the delay of braking time caused by reversely transmitting rotary power of the cam to a motor through a power transmitting unit in braking a rope by returning a compression spring. An elevator rope brake system using a cam is composed of a power transmitting unit sending rotary power generated by a motor(23) in a housing; an operating unit for braking or releasing a rope by the transmitted power; and a locking unit having a fixed plate(12) fastened to the housing and a movable plate(13), and is operated by receiving a signal from an elevator controller to brake the rope wound around a pulley of a machine room. The power transmitting unit comprises the motor; a driving gear(27) driven by a reducer(23a); and a driven gear(29) rotated by the driving gear to drive an eccentric cam shaft(35). An anti-reverse rotation ratchet and a rotor fixed to a rotary shaft are disposed in the driving gear. The ratchet has a sill formed in the rotational direction to prevent rotary power from being transmitted from the cam shaft to a motor shaft. The operating unit comprises a percussion lever(34) operated by an actuator(32); a rotary plate(33) having the eccentric cam shaft at one end and a hanging sill caught by a hanging piece of the percussion lever; an eccentric cam(36) disposed at the eccentric cam shaft to push the movable plate according to the rotation of the shaft; and a spring(38) compressed or returned to generate restoring force according to the movement of the movable plate. The hanging sill is positioned at 0.5~10 degrees in the rotational direction of the cam shaft from a top dead center of the eccentric cam.

Description

Rope Braking System for Elevator using Cam {ROPE BRAKE SYSTEM OF ELEVATOR BY USING CAM}

The present invention relates to a rope braking device for an elevator, and more particularly, in parallel with a driving braking device which is operated when the elevator is operating at a normal speed, the elevator gradually slips to a slip phenomenon of the rope in a stopped state. If the elevator moves faster or the elevator runs faster than normal speed, the movable plate installed with brake lining is operated so that the towing rope of the elevator can be intermittently locked to operate as an auxiliary braking device that can prevent the sliding or overspeed of the elevator. It was designed to ensure safe operation of the elevator.

There are a number of rope brake devices for elevators having such a purpose. Patent registration No. 0269685 (published on July 5, 1999), to which the applicant is an owner, discloses a hydraulic generator; Receives a signal from the elevator control unit and operates the moving plate with lining operated by this hydraulic force to brake the elevator rope together with the fixed plate, and the return of the movable plate (release of the brake braking) is operated by spring force. An elevator rope braking device is disclosed, and a similar hydraulic release braking device has been disclosed in Korean Utility Model No. 20-0213918 (August 15, 2001).

However, the conventional invention has a disadvantage in that a relatively high cost is consumed in the hydraulic generating device, the time required from the operation time of the movable plate braking the elevator rope to the completion of braking is relatively unsatisfactory, which In order to supplement the problem, the necessity of installing the accumulator was raised.

Instead of the hydraulic generating unit as a power source for the operation of the movable plate, a technology related to an elevator rope braking device using the principle of a cam has already been known before the present filing date. 1998.04.30. Discloses a method of rotating an eccentric cam by using a motor, and braking the elevator rope by forward or backward operation of the movable plate by the rotation and the spring of the cam, and the Korean Patent Application Publication No. 10 -1998-0009086 (published on April 30, 1998) also discloses an elevator rope braking system of an eccentric cam.

However, the conventional rope braking device using such a cam is not provided with a power interruption device such as a clutch between the motor shaft (including the reducer) and the cam shaft, so that the cam shaft rotates quickly to operate the movable plate. Since the motor connected in series with the camshaft serves to hinder the rapid rotation of the camshaft, a problem arises that the movable plate is operated quickly within 200 to 300 msec to satisfy the basic requirement to brake the rope.

Of course, the above problems can be solved by applying the electronic clutch, but another solution for the difficulty of installation and maintenance due to the increase of the product size as well as the increase of the production cost due to the installation of the expensive electronic clutch is required. do.

The present invention has been made to solve the conventional problems as described above, by operating the movable plate 13 by the rotation of the eccentric cam 36 and the restoring force of the compression spring 38 to brake the rope, but the emergency signal It is an object of the present invention to provide a mechanical braking method capable of shortening the braking time by allowing the movable plate to be operated quickly by preventing the rotational force of the camshaft started during application from being reversely transmitted to the motor.

In addition, the elevator rope braking device of the present invention is to simplify and downsize the structure compared to the conventional braking system of the cam type, and to provide a braking device having a structure that is easier to install in the field is an additional object.

In order to achieve the above object, the elevator rope braking device according to the present invention is driven by the drive gear 27 and the drive gear 27 and the eccentric cam shaft 35 is driven by the motor 23 shaft. A driven gear (29), and having a reverse rotation preventing ratchet (27b) and a rotor (27a) inside the drive gear or driven gear; A rotatable plate (34) provided with a cocking lever (34) actuated by an actuator (32), a catching jaw (33a) provided at one end of the eccentric camshaft (35) and engaged with the catch (34a) of the cocking lever; The eccentric cam 36 is provided on the eccentric cam shaft and pushes the movable plate according to the rotation of the shaft, and the compression spring 38 for compressing or generating a restoring force according to the amount of movement of the movable plate 13 Furthermore, in the structure of the stationary plate and the movable plate, the movable plate 12 is provided at one end of the plurality of guide shafts 15 slidably moved in the bushing provided through the stationary plate 12, and the lining 16b is provided at the opposite end thereof. A moving plate 14 having a) is provided, and the spring 38 is fitted to the guide shaft 15 between the fixed plate 12 and the movable plate 13.

Hereinafter, described in detail by the accompanying drawings of the present invention.

1 is a perspective view of an elevator rope braking apparatus according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a plan view showing the configuration of the present invention based on the drawings as follows.

A housing 11 constituting a substantially H-shaped frame including a fixed plate 12, and a movable plate 13 and a movable plate 14 are positioned with the fixed plate therebetween, and bushing through the fixed plate. The guide shaft 15 is slidably inserted into the bushing, and the movable plate 13 and the moving plate 14 are fastened by bolts at both ends of the guide shaft 15. When the compression spring 38 is fitted to the guide shaft 15 between the fixed plate 12 and the movable plate 13 and the movable plate 13 is compressed by an eccentric cam described later, the eccentric cam 36 is accumulated. When the compression force of) is released, the movable plate is pushed out.

Moreover, as a structure of the operation part for operating the said movable plate, the camshaft 35 which transverses the front center of the said movable plate 13 is comprised by both housings, and one end of this camshaft 35 is driven gear 29 ) Is fixed, and the other end is a circular rotating plate 33 is provided with a locking jaw (33a) is fixed. The locking jaw (33a) of the rotating plate is configured to catch the latch 34a provided at one end of the cocking lever (34) operated by the actuator 32, the other end of the cocking lever (34) An actuator 32 for operating the actuator is fixedly installed in the housing.

The position at which the locking step 33a of the rotating plate 33 is formed is a position immediately after the top dead center of the eccentric cam 36 fixed to the cam shaft 35 (that is, the locking step of the rotating plate 33). Reference numeral 33a is preferably configured to rotate about 0.5 to 10 degrees further from the top dead center position of the eccentric cam in the rotational direction of the cam shaft, based on the center of rotation of the cam shaft 35). As the eccentric cam 36 begins to pass through the top dead center, the restoring force of the spring 38 acts on the cam shaft 35. At this moment (immediately after passing through the top dead center), the latch 34a of the cocking lever 34 is applied. This is because the rotation of the camshaft 35 can be prevented with a minimum force only when it is hooked to the locking step 33a of the rotating plate 33.

The actuator 32 is a component that acts to move the cocking lever, and is configured in a solenoid manner so that the cocking lever 34 is rotated about the hinge P by the retraction movement of the plunger. That is, in the normal operation state of the elevator, the plunger 32a pushes the trigger lever 34 by the electromagnet operation, and when the emergency signal is applied (power off), the electromagnet of the solenoid is stopped and the restoring force of the inner spring is stopped. The plunger 32a is configured to retract.

In addition, as shown in Figures 4a and 4b it is preferable that the latch 34a is provided with a rotary roller 34b for minimizing contact friction with the locking projection 33a of the rotating plate.

Referring to the operational relationship of the elevator rope braking apparatus according to the present invention configured as described above are as follows.

In the state where the eccentric cam 36 does not push the movable plate 13, the movable plate and the movable plate 14 are moved forward (the side where the motor is installed) by the spring, so that the lining 16a of the fixed plate and the movable plate The linings 16b are in close contact with each other to brake the rope, and the braking device according to the present invention is operated.

In order to release the emergency braking state and return to the normal driving state of the elevator, first, the motor 23 is driven to rotate the cam shaft 36 via the driving gear 27 and the driven gear 29.

At this time, assuming that the motor shaft is set to rotate clockwise, and the ratchet 27b is provided in the drive gear 27, the structure of the anti-rotation ratchet according to the present invention is shown in FIG. As described above, the stepped portion is formed in the rotational direction such that the rotational force transmitted from the camshaft is not transmitted to the motor shaft. If the ratchet is provided inside the driven gear 29, the stepped end of the ratchet is in the opposite direction as above. Is formed.

The rotational force of the motor is a low speed large rotational force through the reducer to rotate the drive gear 27 through the ratchet configured as described above. This rotation causes the driven gear 29 and the cam shaft 36 to rotate counterclockwise. When the eccentric cam 36 rotates, the protruding curved surface of the eccentric cam 35 gradually pushes the movable plate 13. The spring 38 is compressed, and the movable plate 13 is moved backward while compressing the spring 38. At this time, since the movable plate 14 is also integrally formed with the movable plate 13 by the guide shaft 15, the movable plate 14 is also moved to the rear, and the linings 16a and 16b which are braking the ropes are used. As the gap between the gaps opens, the elevator can operate normally. Since the actuator 32 pushes the plunger 32a during this process, the roller 34b provided at the tip of the latch 34a of the cocking lever 34 is in close contact with the circumferential surface of the rotating plate 33 and slides along the circumferential surface. You exercise.

When the motor continues to rotate, the eccentric cam 36 in contact with the movable plate 13 reaches the top dead center of the curved surface, and when the top dead center exceeds the cam shaft 35, the cam shaft 35 is compressed in the compressed spring 38. The moment of rotation starts to be received by the restoring force, and the motor continues to rotate regardless of the driving of the motor. At this moment, the motor stops rotating in response to the signal of the position sensor, and at the moment when the cam shaft continues to rotate despite the motor stop, the locking plate 34a of the cocking lever 34 is provided at one end of the cam shaft ( It is caught by the locking step 33a of 33). Figure 2a shows a rope braking device in this state in a plan view.

3a shows that the locking lever 34a of the cocking lever 34 stops the locking jaw of the rotating plate 33 such that the rotating plate 33 of the eccentric cam shaft 36 is no longer rotated immediately after the eccentric cam 36 reaches the top dead center. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which hangs on 33a), and FIG. 3B is explanatory drawing which shows the position of the top dead center of an eccentric cam, and the position of the locking jaw of a rotating plate. As shown in FIG. 3B, since the locking jaw 33a of the rotating plate is formed immediately after passing through the top dead center of the eccentric cam 36, the eccentric cam 36 in contact with the movable plate 13 passes through the top dead center. At the moment, the latch 34a of the cocking lever 34, which is in close contact with the circumferential surface of the rotating plate 33 and is in sliding motion, is caught by the locking jaw 33a, thereby suppressing rotation of the cam shaft 35 (compression spring 38). Restoring power). Here, the signal for the position of the eccentric cam 36 or the position of the cam shaft 35 (that is, the signal recognizing immediately after the top dead center of the eccentric cam) is obtained by a sensor (not shown) for detecting the rotational position of the cam shaft. do.

Through the above-described series of steps, the elevator rope braking apparatus according to the present invention is completely returned to the normal driving state, and waits for input of a signal for emergency operation.

Since the latch 34a that prevents the rotation of the rotating plate 33 should be configured to sufficiently endure the restoring force of the compressed spring, sufficient rigidity design should be made, and the rotating plate 33 additionally provided at one end of the camshaft. It should also be considered to reduce the load applied to the latch (34a) and the locking step (33a) by increasing the diameter of.

In the return process, if the trigger lever 34 does not stop the rotation of the rotary plate 33 at the moment when the eccentric cam 36 passes the top dead center, the rotation moment by the restoring force of the compressed spring 38 When the cam shaft is rotated, the rotation of the cam shaft pulls the rotation of the motor (the moment the eccentric cam 36 passes the top dead center, and the driving of the motor is stopped by the signal input of the sensor for detecting the position of the cam shaft). Since the movable plate 13 and the movable plate 14 are moved forward so that the two linings 16a and 16b will brake the rope again, in the present invention, the locking jaw 33a of the rotating plate The formation position is a very important factor, and the actuator 32 for operating the cocking lever 34 is also an important component.

In addition, at the moment when the eccentric cam 36 passes the top dead center, the eccentric cam 36 is preferably configured such that the radius of curvature decreases sharply immediately after the top dead center so that the compressed spring can be quickly restored.

In addition, similar to the roller 34b of the latch 34a, the roller 37 is inserted into the contact surface of the movable plate in contact with the eccentric cam to minimize contact friction with the eccentric cam 36. It is preferable to be provided.

Next, an emergency signal is applied to the process of operating the braking device according to the present invention.

When the braking device according to the present invention receives the emergency braking signal from the elevator controller (when the power is cut off), the actuator 32 rotates the trigger lever 34 around the hinge point P to latch the brake 34a. To release from the locking step (33a) of the rotary plate (33). When the latch 34a is released, the cam shaft 35 integrally formed with the rotating plate 33 is rotated counterclockwise by the restoring force of the compressed spring 38, so that the movable plate 13 and the moving plate ( 14 is moved to the front of the fixed plate 12 by the restoring force of the spring 38, the two lining (16a, 16b) is in close contact with each other to quickly brake the rope. Figure 2b shows in a plan view a state in which the rope braking device is operated to brake the rope according to the present invention.

The speed at which the two linings 16a, 16b are in close contact, that is, the speed and the adhesion force at which the movable plate 14 is moved to the stationary plate 12 is the compression force and the eccentric cam of the compression spring 38 fitted to the guide shaft 15. Depends on the inclination of 36. That is, by adjusting the spring constant value of the spring, it is possible to adjust the braking force of the lining, and further, by adding the auxiliary compression spring 38a between the movable plate 13 and the fixed plate 12, as shown in Figure 2c. It may be configured to reinforce the compressive force of the spring 38 fitted to the guide shaft 15.

At this time, an important feature of the present invention as opposed to the prior art is that the anti-rotation ratchet 27b is provided in the drive gear 27 to prevent the rotational force of the camshaft from being transferred to the motor during braking so that the movable plate 13 It is to minimize the moving speed of the (i.e. the time that the lining (16a) 16b is in close contact with each other). That is, when the camshaft 35 rotates in the counterclockwise direction in the present invention, the driven gear 29 also rotates in the counterclockwise direction, and the driving gear 27 engaged thereto rotates in the clockwise direction, as shown in FIG. Due to the reverse rotation preventing ratchet 27b of the present invention, the rotational force of the drive gear 27 is not transmitted to the rotor 27a integrally formed on the motor shaft, and only the drive gear 27 is rotated so that the rotational force is the motor shaft. Will not be delivered.

On the contrary, in the conventional rope braking device using the eccentric cam (Patent No. 0221960 and Korean Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 1998-0009086), when the cam shaft is rotated by the rotation moment acting on the eccentric cam shaft by the restoring spring. Since the rotational force is made of a structure that flows back to the motor, there is a problem that affects the obstacle to inhibit rope braking.

4A and 4B illustrate various embodiments of the cocking lever 34 of the present invention, and FIG. 4A is configured by bending the cocking lever 34 to easily operate the cocking lever 34 even with a small force. 4B is an explanatory view showing an embodiment in which the latch 34a is moved by a solenoid operation around a middle hinge point P, which is configured as a straight lever type.

In order to further maximize the practicality of the elevator rope braking device described above, in the present invention, in the fixing plate 12, the movable plate 13, and the moving plate 14, the rope braking is more easily maintained while maintaining the rapidity and robustness of the rope. The site setting can be made easily. As shown in FIG. 6, the rope braking device of the elevator includes a rope side or a counterweight 7 on which an elevator car 1 is installed, among the ropes 3 caught on the hoisting pulley 5 of the machine room equipped with a hoist. It is installed on the rope side to be installed. Reference numeral A shows the installation state of the rope braking device according to the present invention, A 'shows the installation state of the conventional rope braking device, the conventional rope braking device (A') cause interference with the hoist pulley. It can be shown.

In a conventional rope braking device (Patent No. 0221960 and Korean Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 1998-0009086), as shown in FIG. 7, a cam and a camshaft are positioned in front of the fixing plate 51 and a movable plate behind the fixing plate. 52 is provided, the diaphragm 56 for holding the compression spring to the rear of the movable plate is fixed to the housing to insert the rope into the lining between the fixed plate 51 and the movable plate 52. It is necessary to remove the diaphragm 56, remove the spring, and remove the movable plate 52. Therefore, the disassembly of many parts is inevitable. The movable plate 52 has a cam in front of the fixed plate 51. Since the operating rod is installed to be interlocked with this operating rod to be dismantled, there were many problems in the installation work in the field. In addition, as shown in Figure 6, when the lining for braking the rope is located in the middle of the housing, as shown by the dotted line in Figure 6 causes interference with the hoist pulley (5) a lot of difficulty in the installation work This is the reality.

However, in the present invention, the housing 11 constituting the substantially H-shaped frame including the fixed plate 12 fixed horizontally, and the movable plate 13 and the moving plate 14 are sandwiched between the fixed plate. Positioned and positioned, the bushing is provided to penetrate through the fixing plate, and the guide shaft 15 is slidably inserted into the bushing, and the movable plate 13 and the moving plate are formed at both ends of the guide shaft 15. 14) were bolted together. With this configuration, it becomes possible to design such that the position of the lining is located as far as possible to the rear of the housing.

In order to install the rope braking device of the present invention configured as described above in the elevator rope, first loosen the bolts fixing the moving plate 14 to remove only the moving plate 14 to insert the rope and then fasten the moving plate 14 again. Not only can be easily installed, but also the interference with the hoist pulley (5) can be minimized, maximizing the practicality of the field installation work.

Although the detailed description of the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments of the invention as an example, various changes or modifications by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains without departing from the concept of the invention. It goes without saying that modification is also included in the concept of the present invention.

As described above, the present invention is an elevator rope braking device having a mechanical operating structure using a cam. In the process of braking the rope while restoring the compression spring in the conventional cam type braking device, the rotational force of the cam is reversed to the motor through the power transmission unit. The transmission delays the braking time and solves the problem of impairing the motor.

Furthermore, the present invention is a useful invention that not only facilitates installation work in the field by improving the structures of the fixed plate and the movable plate as compared with the prior art, but also obtains the effect of easy maintenance and repair by simplifying the structure.

1 is a schematic exploded perspective view of a braking device according to the present invention;

2 is a plan view showing the operating state of the braking device according to the present invention;

3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the interaction between the eccentric cam, the rotating plate, and the latch;

4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the relationship between the rotating plate and the latch;

5 is a block diagram of the ratchet inside the gear for preventing the reverse rotation

6 is an explanatory view showing the installation position of the rope braking device

7 is a plan view of the locking portion of the conventional cam-type rope braking device

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

11: housing 12: fixing plate

13: Moving plate 14: moving plate

15: guide shaft 16a, 16b: lining

23: motor 23a: reducer

27: drive gear 29: driven gear

32: actuator 33: rotating plate

33a: locking jaw 34: cocking lever

34a: brace 35: camshaft

36: eccentric cam 38: spring

Claims (4)

A power transmission unit for transmitting the rotational force generated by the motor in the housing, an operating unit for braking or releasing the rope by the transmitted power, and a locking unit including a fixed plate and a movable plate fixed to the housing; In the elevator rope braking device that is operated by receiving a signal from the elevator controller to brake the rope caught in the hoist pulley of the machine room equipped with a hoist, The power transmission unit includes a motor 23, a drive gear 27 driven through the reduction gear 23a, and a driven gear 29 that is rotated by the drive gear 27 and drives the eccentric cam shaft 35. It includes, the inside of the drive gear is provided with a reverse rotation preventing ratchet (27b) and a rotor (27a) fixed to the rotating shaft, the ratchet (27b) is a rotational direction so that the rotational force transmitted from the cam shaft is not transmitted to the motor shaft Stepped to form a; The operating unit, the rotary plate (34) which is operated by the actuator 32, and the locking jaw (33a) is provided on one side end of the eccentric cam shaft 35 and caught on the latch 34a of the cock lever ( 33), an eccentric cam 36 provided on the eccentric cam shaft to push the movable plate according to the rotation of the shaft, and a spring 38 for compressing or generating a restoring force according to the amount of movement of the movable plate 13 , The hooking jaw (33a) is an elevator rope braking device, characterized in that formed at a position about 0.5 to 10 degrees further in the direction in which the cam shaft 35 rotates at the top dead center of the eccentric cam (36). The method of claim 1, The movable plate 13 is provided at one end of the plurality of guide shafts 15 which are slidably moved in the bushing provided through the fixed plate 12, and the movable plate 14 having the lining 16b at the opposite end thereof. Is provided, the spring 38 is an elevator rope braking device, characterized in that is configured to be fitted between the guide shaft (15) between the fixed plate (12) and the movable plate (13). The method according to claim 1 or 2, An elevator rope brake device, characterized in that the locking lever (34a) of the cocking lever (34) is further provided with a rotary roller (34b) for minimizing contact friction with the locking jaw (33a) of the rotating plate. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The movable plate (13) is an elevator rope brake device, characterized in that the roller 37 is provided on the contact surface in order to minimize the contact friction with the eccentric cam (36).