KR100460658B1 - An apparatus for analysising and controlling oxygen concentration of a fine coke device - Google Patents
An apparatus for analysising and controlling oxygen concentration of a fine coke device Download PDFInfo
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- KR100460658B1 KR100460658B1 KR10-2000-0036481A KR20000036481A KR100460658B1 KR 100460658 B1 KR100460658 B1 KR 100460658B1 KR 20000036481 A KR20000036481 A KR 20000036481A KR 100460658 B1 KR100460658 B1 KR 100460658B1
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- pulverized coal
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- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 title 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 145
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 oxygen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002076 stabilized zirconia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
- G01N27/406—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes
- G01N27/407—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes for investigating or analysing gases
- G01N27/409—Oxygen concentration cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
- G01N33/0027—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector
- G01N33/0036—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector specially adapted to detect a particular component
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
Abstract
본 발명의 미분탄제조장치의 산소농도분석 및 조절장치는 지르코니아식 산소검출기를 미분탄제조기의 전단에 설치하여 전체 장치의 산소농도를 정확하게 측정한다. 미분탄제조기에 공급되는 폐가스, 온도제어용 에어, 질소, 미분탄 누출방지용 에어의 유량 데이터는 제어부에 입력되어 전체 산소농도가 분석되며, 이 분석된 산소농도가 설정치 이상으로 되면 질소유량 제어밸브를 제어하여 미분탄제조기에 공급되는 질소의 양을 조절한다.Oxygen concentration analysis and control device of the pulverized coal production apparatus of the present invention by installing a zirconia-type oxygen detector in front of the pulverized coal production machine to accurately measure the oxygen concentration of the entire apparatus. The flow rate data of the waste gas, temperature control air, nitrogen, and pulverized coal leak prevention air supplied to the pulverized coal manufacturer are inputted to the control unit to analyze the total oxygen concentration. When the analyzed oxygen concentration is higher than the set value, the nitrogen flow control valve is controlled to control the pulverized coal. Adjust the amount of nitrogen supplied to the maker.
Description
본 발명은 미분탄제조장치에서 산소농도분석 및 제어장치에 관한 것으로, 특히 고로에 취입되는 미분탄 제조공정에서 미분탄제조기 전단에 산소검출기를 설치하여 장치 전체에 걸친 정확한 산소농도를 분석하고 미분탄에 함유되는 산소의 농도가 일정값 이상이 되는 경우 질소유량을 증가하여 산소농도를 항상 일정농도 이하로 유지하여 미분탄의 발화에 의한 사고를 방지할 수 있는 미분탄제조장치의 산소농도분석 및 제어장치에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to an oxygen concentration analysis and control device in a pulverized coal manufacturing apparatus, and in particular, in an pulverized coal manufacturing process blown into a blast furnace, an oxygen detector is installed at the front of a pulverized coal producer to analyze the exact oxygen concentration throughout the apparatus and the oxygen contained in the pulverized coal. When the concentration of more than a certain value increases the nitrogen flow rate to maintain the oxygen concentration always below a certain concentration to the oxygen concentration analysis and control device of the pulverized coal manufacturing apparatus that can prevent the accident caused by pulverized coal.
일반적으로 제철소에서 고로에 취입되는 미분탄은 미분탄제조기에 의해 분쇄된 후 고로에 후송되어 취입된다. 이러한 미분탄은 통상 수분을 함유하고 있기 때문에 원활한 분쇄 및 이송을 위해 건조되어야만 한다. 이러한 건조를 위해서는 일반적으로 열풍로에서 발생하는 고온의 폐가스를 사용하는데, 도 1에 이러한 비분탄제조장치가 도시되어 있다.In general, the pulverized coal blown into the blast furnace in the steel mill is crushed by the pulverized coal mill and then transported to the blast furnace. Such pulverized coal usually contains moisture and must be dried for smooth grinding and transportation. For this drying, hot waste gas generated from a hot stove is generally used. In FIG. 1, such a non-powder production apparatus is illustrated.
도면에 도시된 바와 같이, 미분탄제조장치에서는 컨베이어벨트에 의해 운반되어온 원료탄은 원료탄호퍼(10)에 저장된 후 원료탄 이송벨트(3)에 의해 미분탄제조기(5)로 투입된다. 미분탄제조기(5)에서는 투입된 원료탄을 분쇄하여 미분탄을 형성한다. 이때, 일반적으로 미분탄에는 수분을 함유하고 있기 때문에 이를 건조시켜야만이 미분탄의 분쇄능력과 이송이 원활하게 이루어진다. 이러한 미분타의 건조를 위해 열풍로폐가스 공급기(7)에서는 열풍로폐가스 공급관(11)을 통해 열풍로폐가스를 미분탄제조기(5)에 공급한다. 상기 열풍로폐가스 공급기(7)로부터 공급되는 폐가스에는 온도제어용 에어공급기(9)로부터 에어가 혼합된다. 이것은 폐가스가 미분탄 발화온도 이상이 되는 경우 미분탄이 발화되는 것을 방지하기 위한 것으로,상기 에어가 혼합됨에 따라 폐가스의 온도가 미분탄 발화점 이하로 저하된다.As shown in the figure, in the pulverized coal production apparatus, the raw coal transported by the conveyor belt is stored in the raw coal hopper 10 and then introduced into the pulverized coal manufacturing machine 5 by the raw coal transport belt 3. In the pulverized coal production machine 5, the input coal is pulverized to form pulverized coal. At this time, in general, the pulverized coal contains moisture, so it must be dried to smoothly pulverize and transport the pulverized coal. The hot blast waste gas supplier 7 supplies the hot blast waste gas to the pulverized coal production machine 5 through the hot blast waste gas supply pipe 11 to dry the fine dust. The waste gas supplied from the hot blast furnace gas supply 7 is mixed with air from the temperature control air supply 9. This is to prevent the pulverized coal from being ignited when the waste gas becomes above the pulverized coal ignition temperature, and as the air is mixed, the temperature of the waste gas is lowered below the pulverized coal ignition point.
또한, 상기 미분탄제조기(14)에는 미분탄 누출방지에어관을 통해 에어가 공급되어 미분탄이 외부로 누출되는 것을 방지하는 미분탄누출에어 공공기(13)가 연결되어 있다.In addition, the pulverized coal manufacturing machine 14 is connected to the pulverized coal air leak 13 to prevent air from being leaked to the outside by supplying air through the pulverized coal leak prevention air pipe.
미분탄제조기(5)에서 분쇄된 미분탄은 폐가스의 압력에 의해 미분탄이송관(15)을 통해 백필터(23)로 이송된다. 백필터(23)에서는 이송되어온 미분탄으로부터 폐가스를 분리하여 이를 폐가스방출관(19)을 통해 방출하고 필터링된 미분탄은 저장호퍼(25)에 저장한다. 저장호퍼(25)에 저장된 미분탄은 운송탱크(27a,27b,27c)를 통해 분배기(29)로 이송된 후 고로로 공급된다.The pulverized coal pulverized in the pulverized coal manufacturer 5 is transferred to the bag filter 23 through the pulverized coal transport pipe 15 by the pressure of the waste gas. The bag filter 23 separates the waste gas from the pulverized coal transported and discharges it through the waste gas discharge pipe 19 and stores the filtered pulverized coal in the storage hopper 25. The pulverized coal stored in the storage hopper 25 is transferred to the distributor 29 through the transport tanks 27a, 27b, and 27c and then supplied to the blast furnace.
일반적으로 폐가스는 적은 양의 산소만을 함유한다. 따라서, 미분탄이 발화될 가능성이 없지만, 열풍로 공정중에서 열풍로가 고로송풍에서 연소로 전환될 때에는 미연소된 산소농도 21％의 대기공기가 폐가스로 배출되어, 미분탄제조기(5)에 공급되는 폐가스의 산소농도가 대기공기와 같은 21％가 된다.In general, waste gases contain only a small amount of oxygen. Therefore, although there is no possibility that pulverized coal is ignited, when the hot blast furnace is switched from blast furnace air to combustion during the hot blast process, atmospheric air having an unburned oxygen concentration of 21% is discharged as waste gas, and the waste gas supplied to the pulverized coal manufacturer 5 is discharged. Oxygen concentration is 21% which is the same as atmospheric air.
도 2의 산소농도와 미분탄 발화온도의 관계 그래프에 도시된 바와 같이, 산소농도가 증가함에 따라 미분탄의 발화온도는 급격히 낮아진다. 특히, 약 16％의 산소농도 이하에서는 발화온도가 급격히 높아지지만 그 이상의 산소농도에서는 미분탄이 약 100℃에서 발화된다. 따라서, 열풍로의 전환에 의해 폐가스의 산소농도가 16％ 이상인 경우에는 낮은 온도(폐가스의 온도에 비해)에서도 미분탄이 발화되는 문제가 있었다.As shown in the graph of the relationship between the oxygen concentration and the pulverized coal ignition temperature of FIG. 2, as the oxygen concentration is increased, the ignition temperature of the pulverized coal is sharply lowered. In particular, although the ignition temperature rapidly increases below the oxygen concentration of about 16%, the pulverized coal is ignited at about 100 ° C at higher oxygen concentrations. Therefore, when the oxygen concentration of the waste gas is 16% or more due to the switching to the hot air, the pulverized coal is ignited even at a low temperature (compared to the temperature of the waste gas).
한편, 백필터(23)의 폐가스방출관(19)에는 산소분석기(21)가 설치되어 있다.이 산소분석기(21)는 백필터(23)에서 미분탄이 분리된 폐가스의 산소농도를 분석하여 폐가스의 산소농도가 설정 농도 이상이 되면 미분탄제조장치를 정지시킨다.On the other hand, the oxygen analyzer 21 is installed in the waste gas discharge pipe 19 of the bag filter 23. The oxygen analyzer 21 analyzes the oxygen concentration of the waste gas from which the pulverized coal is separated from the bag filter 23, and waste gas. When the oxygen concentration is above the set concentration, the pulverized coal production apparatus is stopped.
그러나, 상기와 같이 산소분석기(21)를 폐가스방출관(19)에 설치하여 폐가스의 산소농도를 분석하는 종래의 미분탄제조장치에서는 다음과 같은 문제가 발생할 수 있다. 첫째, 종래의 미분탄제조장치에서는 산소분석기(21)가 폐가스방출관(19)에 설치되어 있기 때문에 미분탄제조기(1)에서 미분탄이 제조된 후 폐가스와 혼합되어 상기 산소분석기(21)까지 도달하기에는 장시간이 소요되며 그 결과 산소농도분석이 지연되었다.However, in the conventional pulverized coal production apparatus for analyzing the oxygen concentration of the waste gas by installing the oxygen analyzer 21 in the waste gas discharge pipe 19 as described above, the following problems may occur. First, in the conventional pulverized coal production apparatus, since the oxygen analyzer 21 is installed in the waste gas discharge pipe 19, the pulverized coal is produced in the pulverized coal producer 1 and then mixed with the waste gas to reach the oxygen analyzer 21 for a long time. This resulted in delayed oxygen concentration analysis.
둘째, 미분탄제조기(5) 내부 및 미분탄제조기(1)와 산소분석기(21) 사이의 미분탄이송관(15) 내부의 산소농도분석을 할 수가 없기 때문에 순간적인 산소농도 상승시에는 대처를 할 수 없었다.Second, because the concentration of oxygen in the pulverized coal producer 5 and the inside of the pulverized coal transport pipe 15 between the pulverized coal producer 1 and the oxygen analyzer 21 could not be analyzed, it was not possible to cope with an instantaneous increase in oxygen concentration.
셋째, 기존 산소분석기에서는 미분탄제조기 후단에 설치되어 산소농도를 분석하기 때문에 폐가스에 혼합된 미분탄에 의해 배관이 막히는 경우가 빈번히 발생하였다.Third, in the existing oxygen analyzer, the pipe is blocked frequently by the pulverized coal mixed in the waste gas because the oxygen concentration is installed after the pulverized coal maker.
넷째, 저온상태에서의 산소농도를 측정하기 위한 자기풍식 분석계를 사용해야만 하는데 이러한 자기풍식 분석계는 비용이 대단히 고가일 뿐만 아니라 미분탄에 의해 고장이 자주 발생하기 때문에 산소농도분석의 신뢰성이 저하된다.Fourth, the magnetic wind analyzer should be used to measure the oxygen concentration at low temperature. This magnetic wind analyzer is very expensive and the reliability of the oxygen concentration analysis is lowered because the failure is frequently caused by pulverized coal.
본 발명은 상기한 점을 감안하여 이루어진 것으로, 미분탄제조기의 전단에 산소검출기를 설치함으로써 전체 장치의 농도를 정확하게 측정할 수 있으며 폐가스에 혼합된 미분탄에 의한 고장을 방지할 수 있는 미분탄제조장치의 산소농도분석 및 조절장치를 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다.The present invention has been made in view of the above, and by installing an oxygen detector at the front of the pulverized coal maker, the concentration of the entire apparatus can be accurately measured, and the oxygen of the pulverized coal manufacturing apparatus which can prevent the failure caused by the pulverized coal mixed in the waste gas. It is an object to provide a concentration analysis and control device.
본 발명의 다른 목적은 미분탄제조기에 공급되는 공기 및 질소의 유량에 의해 전체 산소농도를 분석하여 설정치 보다 높은 경우 질소유량 제어밸브를 제어하여 질소의 공급량을 증가시킴으로써 항상 일정한 산소농도를 유지시킬 수 있는 산소농도분석 및 조절장치를 제공하는 것이다.Another object of the present invention is to analyze the total oxygen concentration by the flow rate of air and nitrogen supplied to the pulverized coal manufacturer, when the higher than the set value by controlling the nitrogen flow control valve to increase the amount of nitrogen supply can always maintain a constant oxygen concentration It is to provide an oxygen concentration analysis and control device.
상기한 목적을 달성하기 위해, 본 발명의 미분탄제조장치의 산소농도분석 및 조절장치는 원료탄을 미분탄제조기에서 미분탄으로 분쇄한 후 고로로 운송하는 미분탄제조장치에 있어서, 폐가스 유량계와 산소검출기가 설치된 폐가스 공급관을 통해 상기 폐가스를 상기 비분탄제조기에 공급하는 열풍로폐가스 공급기와, 온도제어용 에어유량 제어밸브를 통해 상기 폐가스 공급관에 연결되어 미분탄제조기에 에어를 공급함으로써 폐가스의 온도를 조절하는 온도제어용 에어공급기와, 질소유량계와 질소유량 제어밸브가 설치된 질소공급관을 통해 상기 미분탄제조기에 연결되어 미분탄제조기에 질소를 공급함으로써 미분탄제조기내의 산소농도를 조절하는 질소공급기와, 미분탄 누출방지 에어유량계 및 에어유량 제어밸브를 통해 미분탄제조기에 미분탄 누출방지에어를 공급하는 미분탄 누출방지 에어공급기와, 상기 유량계 및 산소검출기로부터 입력되는 폐가스 유량, 온도제어용 에어유량, 질소유량 및 미분탄 누출방지 에어유량을 기초로 미분탄제조기내의 산소농도를 분석하고 분석된 산소농도에 따라 온도제어용 에어유량 제어밸브, 질소유량 제어밸브 및 미분탄누출방지 에어유량 제어밸브를 제어하여 미분탄제조기내의 산소농도를 일정하게 유지시키는 제어부로 구성된다.In order to achieve the above object, the oxygen concentration analysis and control device of the pulverized coal production apparatus of the present invention is a pulverized coal production apparatus for pulverizing the raw coal into pulverized coal in the pulverized coal production, and transported to the blast furnace, waste gas flowmeter and waste gas provided with an oxygen detector A hot air furnace gas supply unit for supplying the waste gas to the coal dust maker through a supply pipe; And a nitrogen supply connected to the pulverized coal manufacturer through a nitrogen supply pipe having a nitrogen flow meter and a nitrogen flow control valve installed therein to supply nitrogen to the pulverized coal producer to control the oxygen concentration in the pulverized coal producer, and a pulverized coal leak prevention air flow meter and an air flow control valve. Differential to pulverized coal mill through Pulverized coal leakage air supply for supplying leak-proof air, and the oxygen concentration in the pulverized coal manufacturer based on the waste gas flow rate, temperature control air flow rate, nitrogen flow rate and pulverized coal leakage air flow rate input from the flow meter and oxygen detector The air flow control valve for controlling temperature, the nitrogen flow control valve and the pulverized coal leakage prevention air flow control valve according to the oxygen concentration is composed of a control unit for maintaining a constant oxygen concentration in the pulverized coal manufacturing machine.
도 1은 종래의 미분탄제조장치를 나타내는 도면.1 is a view showing a conventional pulverized coal production apparatus.
도 2는 산소농도와 미분탄의 발화점과의 관계를 나타내는 그래프.2 is a graph showing the relationship between the oxygen concentration and the flash point of pulverized coal.
도 3은 본 발명에 따른 미분탄제조장치를 나타내는 도면.3 is a view showing a pulverized coal production apparatus according to the present invention.
도 4는 본 발명에 따른 미분탄제조장치에서 산소농도를 조절하는 방법을 나타내는 플로우챠트.Figure 4 is a flow chart showing a method for adjusting the oxygen concentration in the pulverized coal production apparatus according to the present invention.
도 5는 본 발명에 따른 미분탄제조장치에서 미분탄의 온도를 조절하는 방법을 나타내는 도면.5 is a view showing a method for controlling the temperature of the pulverized coal in the pulverized coal production apparatus according to the present invention.
* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명 *Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings
105 : 미분탄제조기 107 : 열풍로폐가스 공급기105: pulverized coal manufacturing machine 107: hot blast furnace gas feeder
108 : 온도검출기 150,154,158 : 유량계108: temperature detector 150,154,158: flow meter
152 : 산소검출기 162 : 질소공급기152: oxygen detector 162: nitrogen supply
114, 160,164 : 유량제어밸브114, 160,164: Flow control valve
이하, 첨부한 도면을 참조하여 본 발명에 따른 미분탄제조장치의 산소농도분석 및 조절장치에 대해 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail the oxygen concentration analysis and control device of the pulverized coal production apparatus according to the present invention.
도 3은 본 발명에 따른 미분탄제조장치를 나타내는 도면이다. 도면에서는 설명을 간단히 하기 위해 백필터, 저장호퍼, 운송탱크 및 분배기를 제외하고 미분탄제조장치까지만을 도시하였지만, 그 이외의 장치는 도 1의 구성과 동일한 구성으로 이루어져 있다. 또한, 도면에서 도 1에 도시된 종래의 미분탄제조장치와 동일한 구성에 대해서는 그 자세한 설명을 생략한다.3 is a view showing a pulverized coal production apparatus according to the present invention. In the drawings, only the pulverized coal production apparatus is shown except for the bag filter, the storage hopper, the transportation tank, and the distributor for the sake of simplicity. However, the other apparatus is composed of the same configuration as that of FIG. In addition, in the figure, the detailed description about the same structure as the conventional pulverized coal production apparatus shown in FIG. 1 is abbreviate | omitted.
도면에 도시된 바와 같이, 본 발명의 미분탄제조장치에서는 미분탄제조기(105)에 질소공급관(166)을 통해 질소공급기(162)가 연결되어 있어 상기 미분탄제조기(105)에 질소를 공급한다. 이 질소공급기(162)는 미분탄제조기(105)에 공급되는 산소의 농도에 따라 상기 미분탄제조기(105)로 질소를 공급하여 산소가 항상 설정치 보다 낮은 농도를 유지하도록 한다.As shown in the figure, in the pulverized coal production apparatus of the present invention, the nitrogen supply 162 is connected to the pulverized coal production machine 105 through a nitrogen supply pipe 166 to supply nitrogen to the pulverized coal production machine 105. The nitrogen supplier 162 supplies nitrogen to the pulverized coal producer 105 according to the concentration of oxygen supplied to the pulverized coal producer 105 so that the oxygen is always maintained at a concentration lower than the set value.
폐가스 및 온도제어용 에어의 혼합가스가 공급되는 혼합가스 공급관(111)에는 혼합가스의 유량을 측정하는 혼합가스 유량계(150) 및 산소검출기(152)가 설치되어 있으며, 온도제어용 에어공급기(109)의 에어가 공급되는 온도제어용 에어공급관(112)에는 에어의 양을 조절하는 온도제어용 에어유량 제어밸브(160)가 설치되어 있다. 또한, 상기 미분탄누출 방지에어공급관(114) 및 질소공급관(166)에는 각각 유량계(162,158)가 설치되어 미분탄제조기(105)로 공급되는 산소와 질소의 양을 측정하며, 상기 질소공급관(166)에는 질소유량 제어밸브(164)가 설치되어 미분탄제조기(105)로 공급되는 질소의 양을 제어할 수 있게 된다. 상기 미분탄제조기(105)에서 백필터로 미분탄을 공급하는 미분탄공급관에는 온도검출기(108)가 설치되어, 백필터로 공급되는 미분탄의 온도를 측정한다.The mixed gas supply pipe 111 to which the mixed gas of the waste gas and the temperature control air is supplied is provided with a mixed gas flow meter 150 and an oxygen detector 152 for measuring the flow rate of the mixed gas. The temperature control air supply pipe 112 for supplying air is provided with a temperature control air flow rate control valve 160 for adjusting the amount of air. In addition, the pulverized coal leakage prevention air supply pipe 114 and the nitrogen supply pipe 166, respectively, flow meters (162, 158) are installed to measure the amount of oxygen and nitrogen supplied to the pulverized coal manufacturing machine 105, the nitrogen supply pipe 166 The nitrogen flow control valve 164 is installed to control the amount of nitrogen supplied to the pulverized coal production machine 105. In the pulverized coal supply pipe for supplying pulverized coal to the bag filter from the pulverized coal manufacturer 105, a temperature detector 108 is installed to measure the temperature of the pulverized coal supplied to the bag filter.
상기한 바와 같이, 본 발명에서는 산소검출기(152)가 폐가스를 미분탄제조기(105)로 공급하는 폐가스공급관(111)에 설치되어 있다. 따라서, 산소농도 분석시간이 지연되는 것을 방지할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 미분탄에 의해 산소검출기(152)가 고장나는 것을 방지할 수 있게 된다.As described above, in the present invention, the oxygen detector 152 is provided in the waste gas supply pipe 111 for supplying the waste gas to the pulverized coal production machine 105. Therefore, the oxygen concentration analysis time can be prevented from being delayed, and the oxygen detector 152 can be prevented from being broken by the pulverized coal.
상기 산소검출기(152)는 폐가스공급관(111) 내부에 직접 설치되는 지르코니아식 산소검출기로서, 산소검출원리를 간단하게 설명하면 다음과 같다.The oxygen detector 152 is a zirconia-type oxygen detector installed directly inside the waste gas supply pipe 111. The oxygen detection principle will be described briefly as follows.
600℃ 이상의 고온에서 산소이온에 의한 도전성을 지닌 안정화 지르코니아의 고정 전해질 세라믹에 격벽을 만들고 이 격벽의 양측으로 가스 투광성의 가공질 백금 전극을 구성하면, 격벽양측의 산소분압이 다른 가스를 투과하는 경우 산소분압 차이에 의한 산소농담전지가 형성되고 기전력이 발생된다. 이때, 발생한 기전력값으로 산소를 검출한다. 각 가스의 유량측정은 가스 배관내에 관경을 감소시키는 오리피스를 설치하면 배관내 흐르는 유량은 오리피스 전,후단에 발생하는 차압에 비례하게 되기 때문에, 이 차압에 의해 산소를 검출할 수 있게 된다.When a barrier rib is formed in a fixed electrolyte ceramic of stabilized zirconia having conductivity by oxygen ions at a high temperature of 600 ° C. or higher, and a gas-transmissive workable platinum electrode is formed on both sides of the barrier rib, oxygen partial pressures on both sides of the barrier penetrate different gases. Oxygen concentration battery is formed by the difference of oxygen partial pressure and electromotive force is generated. At this time, oxygen is detected by the generated electromotive force value. In the flow rate measurement of each gas, when an orifice for reducing the diameter is provided in the gas pipe, the flow rate in the pipe is proportional to the pressure difference generated before and after the orifice, so that oxygen can be detected by this pressure difference.
본 발명에서는 각 유량계(150,154,158)에서 측정된 각종 유량 측정치 및 산소검출기(152)에서 검출된 폐가스의 산소검출값, 온도검출기(108)에서 검출된 미분탄의 온도가 4∼20mA의 전기신호로 변환부(170)로 입력된다. 변환부(170)에서는 입력되는 전기신호를 1∼5V로 변환하여 제어부(172)로 전송한다.In the present invention, various flow rate measurement values measured by each flow meter (150,154,158), oxygen detection value of the waste gas detected by the oxygen detector 152, the temperature of the pulverized coal detected by the temperature detector 108 is converted into an electric signal of 4-20mA Entered at 170. The converter 170 converts the input electrical signal into 1 to 5V and transmits the converted electrical signal to the controller 172.
제어부(172)에서는 입력되는 데이터를 기초로 산소농도 분석연산식(수학식 1)에 의해 미분탄제조기(1)내의 종합적인 농도를 분석한다.The control unit 172 analyzes the comprehensive concentration in the pulverized coal maker 1 by the oxygen concentration analysis calculation equation (Equation 1) based on the input data.
분석된 산소농도는 기준값인 산소농도 16％와 비교되어 기준값과의 오차만큼 질소유량 제어밸브(114)를 제어하여 미분탄내에 질소를 공급함으로써 미분탄제조기(105)내에 항상 일정한 산소농도(16％ 이하의)를 유지시킨다.The analyzed oxygen concentration is compared with the reference oxygen concentration of 16% to control the nitrogen flow control valve 114 to supply the nitrogen into the pulverized coal by an error from the reference value so that the constant oxygen concentration in the pulverized coal maker 105 is always lower than 16%. Keep).
또한, 제어부(172)에서는 미분탄제조기(105)에서 백필터로 이송되는 미분탄과 혼합된 폐가스의 온도가 설정치를 넘는 경우 온도제어용 에어유량 제어밸브(160)를 제어하여 폐가스의 온도를 항상 일정하게 조절한다.In addition, the controller 172 controls the temperature control air flow control valve 160 to constantly adjust the temperature of the waste gas when the temperature of the waste gas mixed with the pulverized coal transported from the pulverized coal manufacturer 105 to the bag filter exceeds a set value. do.
제어부(172)에서 산출된 산소농도 및 폐가스온도와 같은 데이터는 중앙제어시스템(172)으로 전송된다. 중앙제어시스템(172)에서는 산소농도 및 폐가스의 온도를 표시장치(도면표시하지 않음)를 통해 작업자에게 알리고 산소농도 및 폐가스가 설정치 보다 높은 경우 경보부(176)를 통해 경보를 발하게 된다.Data such as oxygen concentration and waste gas temperature calculated by the controller 172 are transmitted to the central control system 172. The central control system 172 notifies the operator of the oxygen concentration and the temperature of the waste gas through a display device (not shown), and an alarm is issued through the alarm unit 176 when the oxygen concentration and the waste gas are higher than the set value.
이하, 도 4 및 도 5를 참조하여 본 발명에 따른 미분탄제조장치의 산소농도분석 및 조절장치의 작동에 관해 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, the operation of the oxygen concentration analysis and control device of the pulverized coal production apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.
우선, 도 4는 본 발명의 산소농도분석 및 조절장치에서의 산소농도를 제어하는 방법을 나타내는 플로우챠트이다. 도면에 도시된 바와 같이, 폐가스와 온도제어용 에어의 혼합가스의 농도와 혼합가스유량, 질소유량, 미분탄 누출방지용 에어유량이 산소검출기(152) 및 각종 유량계(150,154,158,160)에 의해 검출된 후 변환부(170)를 통해 신호변환되어 제어부(172)에 입력된다(S101). 이때, 혼합가스의 농도, 혼합가스의 유량, 질소의 유량 및 미분탄 누출방지용 에어의 유량 등은 제어부(172)의 표시부(도면표시하지 않음)에 표시되어 작업자에게 그 값을 알려준다(S102).First, Figure 4 is a flow chart showing a method for controlling the oxygen concentration in the oxygen concentration analysis and control device of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the concentration of the mixed gas of the waste gas and temperature control air, the mixed gas flow rate, nitrogen flow rate, pulverized coal leakage air flow rate is detected by the oxygen detector 152 and various flow meters (150,154,158,160) The signal is converted through the 170 and input to the control unit 172 (S101). At this time, the concentration of the mixed gas, the flow rate of the mixed gas, the flow rate of nitrogen and the flow rate of the air for preventing pulverized coal leakage is displayed on the display unit (not shown) of the control unit 172 (S102).
제어부(172)에서는 상술한 수학식 1에 기초하여 미분탄제조기(105)내의 산소농도를 분석하여(S103), 산소농도가 설정치(16％) 이하인 경우에는 미분탄제조기(105)내부에 아무런 이상이 없음을 인식하여 정상적인 운전을 계속한다(S105,S106). 이때, 분석된 산소농도는 제어부(172)의 표시부를 통해 외부로 표시함과 동시에 공정전체에 걸친 산소농도의 누적관리를 실행한다(S104).The controller 172 analyzes the oxygen concentration in the pulverized coal maker 105 based on Equation 1 above (S103), and when the oxygen concentration is less than or equal to the set value (16%), there is no abnormality in the pulverized coal maker 105. It recognizes that and continues normal operation (S105, S106). At this time, the analyzed oxygen concentration is displayed to the outside through the display unit of the control unit 172 and at the same time executes the cumulative management of the oxygen concentration throughout the process (S104).
산소농도가 설정치 이하인 경우에는 분석된 산소농도와 설정된 산소농도의 차이에 해당하는 질소유량을 산출한 후 질소유량 제어밸브(164)를 제어한다(S108,S109). 상기 질소유량 제어밸브(164)의 제어에 따라, 분석되는 산소농도가 5분 이상 16％(설정치) 이하를 유지하는 경우에는 계속해서 운전을 시행하며 그 이상인 경우에는 미분탄제조장치를 정지시키고 이를 경보한다(S110,S111).When the oxygen concentration is less than or equal to the set value, after calculating the nitrogen flow rate corresponding to the difference between the analyzed oxygen concentration and the set oxygen concentration, the nitrogen flow control valve 164 is controlled (S108 and S109). In accordance with the control of the nitrogen flow control valve 164, if the oxygen concentration to be analyzed is maintained for more than 5 minutes and less than 16% (set value), the operation continues to run, if it is above, the pulverized coal production apparatus is stopped and alarmed. (S110, S111).
또한, 도 5에 도시된 바와 같은 온도제어를 하기 위해서는, 우선 온도검출기(108)를 통해 측정된 폐가스(미분탄이 혼합된)의 온도가 변환부(170)를 통해 제어부(172)로 입력된다(S201). 제어부(172)에서는 입력되는 폐가스의 온도가 설정치 이하인 경우에는 정상상태임을 판단하여 정상운전을 계속한다(S203,S204). 이때, 검출된 온도는 표시부를 통해 표시된다(S202).In addition, in order to control the temperature as shown in FIG. 5, first, the temperature of the waste gas (mixed with coal) measured by the temperature detector 108 is input to the controller 172 through the conversion unit 170 ( S201). If the temperature of the input waste gas is lower than or equal to the set value, the control unit 172 determines that it is in a normal state and continues normal operation (S203, S204). At this time, the detected temperature is displayed through the display unit (S202).
검출된 온도가 설정치 이상인 경우에는 온도차에 해당하는 에어유량을 산출한 후 온도제어용 에어유량 제어밸브(160)를 제어하여 미분탄제조기(105)에 공급되는 온도제어용 에어의 유량을 증가시켜 항상 일정한 온도를 유지하도록한다(S206,207).When the detected temperature is higher than the set value, the air flow rate corresponding to the temperature difference is calculated, and then the air flow control valve 160 for temperature control is controlled to increase the flow rate of the temperature control air supplied to the pulverized coal manufacturer 105 to always maintain a constant temperature. (S206, 207).
상술한 바와 같이, 본 발명에서는 미분탄제조기 전단에 산소검출기를 설치하고 산소검출기에서 검출된 산소농도와 온도검출기에서 검출된 온도에 따라 미분탄에 공급되는 질소의 유량, 온도제어용 에어의 유량, 및 미분탄 누출방지용 에어의 유량을 조절하기 때문에 다음과 같은 효과를 얻을 수 있게 된다.As described above, in the present invention, the oxygen detector is installed at the front of the pulverized coal manufacturer, and the flow rate of nitrogen supplied to the pulverized coal, the flow rate of the air for temperature control, and the pulverized coal leak according to the oxygen concentration detected by the oxygen detector and the temperature detected by the temperature detector Since the flow rate of the prevention air is adjusted, the following effects can be obtained.
첫째, 산소검출기가 미분탄제어기 전단에 설치되어 있기 때문에 종래의 장치에서 산소농도의 측정이 불가능한 지역(즉, 미분탄제조기와 백필터 사이의 미분탄이송관)을 없앰으로써 전체 미분탄제조기의 정확한 산소농도를 산출할 수 있다.First, since the oxygen detector is installed in front of the pulverized coal controller, the oxygen concentration of the pulverized coal pulverizer is calculated by eliminating the area where the oxygen concentration cannot be measured in the conventional apparatus (that is, the pulverized coal transfer pipe between the pulverized coal producer and the bag filter). can do.
둘째, 미분탄제어기 전단에서 산소를 검출, 분석함으로써 산소농도분석의 지연시간을 해소할 수 있다.Second, by detecting and analyzing the oxygen in front of the pulverized coal controller, it is possible to solve the delay time of the oxygen concentration analysis.
셋째, 질소공급기에 의해 항상 미분탄제조기 내부의 산소농도를 항상 일정하게 유지할 수 있다.Third, the oxygen supply can always maintain a constant oxygen concentration in the pulverized coal production machine.
넷째, 값싼 지르코니아식 산소검출기를 사용함으로써 비용을 절감할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 미분탄제조기 전단에 산소검출기가 설치되기 때문에 미분탄의 침투에 의한 산소검출기의 고장을 방지할 수 있다.Fourth, the use of inexpensive zirconia-type oxygen detectors can not only reduce costs, but also prevent the failure of oxygen detectors due to infiltration of pulverized coal because oxygen detectors are installed in front of the pulverized coal manufacturer.
Claims (4)
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR100868440B1 (en) * | 2002-07-03 | 2008-11-11 | 주식회사 포스코 | Apparatus for controlling exhaust gas of pulverizer coal production equipment of blast furence |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5822217A (en) * | 1981-07-31 | 1983-02-09 | Kayaba Ind Co Ltd | Mixed gas feeder in pulverized coal conveying device |
| EP0244074A2 (en) * | 1986-04-29 | 1987-11-04 | International Control Automation Finance S.A. | Safety systems for coal pulverizing mills |
| KR870010402A (en) * | 1986-04-21 | 1987-11-30 | 로버트 제이·에드워즈 | Automatic measurement and control system of oxygen and combustion products supplied to pulverizer |
| KR0116087Y1 (en) * | 1994-12-21 | 1998-04-17 | 김만제 | Oxygen consistency control apparatus of powdered coal manufacture facilities use of heat furnace waste gas |
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2000
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5822217A (en) * | 1981-07-31 | 1983-02-09 | Kayaba Ind Co Ltd | Mixed gas feeder in pulverized coal conveying device |
| KR870010402A (en) * | 1986-04-21 | 1987-11-30 | 로버트 제이·에드워즈 | Automatic measurement and control system of oxygen and combustion products supplied to pulverizer |
| EP0244074A2 (en) * | 1986-04-29 | 1987-11-04 | International Control Automation Finance S.A. | Safety systems for coal pulverizing mills |
| KR0116087Y1 (en) * | 1994-12-21 | 1998-04-17 | 김만제 | Oxygen consistency control apparatus of powdered coal manufacture facilities use of heat furnace waste gas |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100868440B1 (en) * | 2002-07-03 | 2008-11-11 | 주식회사 포스코 | Apparatus for controlling exhaust gas of pulverizer coal production equipment of blast furence |
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