KR100451048B1 - Solar tracking reflector type daylighting apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a solar tracking reflecting mirror type natural light device, the object of which is to provide a device for securing the sunshine right of the building and creating a more comfortable environment and to reduce the lighting energy.

The constitution of the present invention provides a light-emitting device comprising a light-receiving unit for condensing sunlight and a secondary-reflective plate for diffusing the light reflected by the light-receiving primary reflector into a desired room; A transparent dome-shaped mining unit of the mining device, a primary reflector installed in the center of the dome by a triangular support, a drive unit for tracking the primary reflector, and a ventilation system using a triangular support for preventing air rising and moisture inside the dome. In order to diffuse the sunlight reflected from the primary reflector of the mining unit, the primary mounting base for installing the mining unit in the building, and the discharge device of rainwater according to outdoor installation It consists of a secondary reflector that automatically adjusts the reflective surface of various forms, a transmitter consisting of a secondary reflector mounting station to fix it, and an irradiation unit receiving it.

Description

Solar tracking reflector type daylighting apparatus

The present invention relates to a solar tracking reflective mirror type natural light device.

(1) The natural light device using a special collector is one of the solar energy utilization systems for preventing global warming and saving energy and sustainable construction. It is a natural energy utilization device that is expected to be introduced and expanded in the future.

The natural light device using the special condenser consists of three parts. That is, the trace and the mining unit for tracking the sunlight and the light by the sensor or program; A transmission unit for transmitting the mined light; It is composed of three units such as an irradiation unit for scattering sunlight transmitted to the indoor space.

1-1) The hobby and mining part is a unit for tracking and condensing sunlight, and the reflector generally uses a mirror.

Tracking control device that can track and drive the mining unit according to the movement of sunlight is a method of controlling by using a program that can predict the position of the sun and there is a method using a solar position detection sensor.

In addition, a method of controlling by a sensor method on a clear day and automatically stopping in operation by a program in rainy weather such as the sky or calculating the position of the sun is being used in combination.

The driving method of the mining unit for sunlight tracking is being researched in the direction of energy saving. Usually, a small motor is used to move with a small power of several W at AV 100V. In addition, a solar cell driving method is also being developed.

The mining method of the mining part includes a reflection mirror method, a parabolic method, a prism refraction method, and a lens condensing method.

The reflecting surface used in the reflecting mirror method is manufactured in the form of a dish, and the finish is processed by a thin glass mirror or a silver plated plastic film.

1-2) Transmitters are classified into optical fiber type, aerial transmission type and reflective mirror duct type according to the transmission method. <See Table 1>

The optical fiber method is a transmission device that sends the concentrated solar light to a place where necessary using an optical fiber cable. In particular, it is the most practical device in the way of removing harmful components such as ultraviolet rays, infrared rays, heat rays, and only visible light, which is beneficial to the human body or plants, but has a disadvantage of being expensive. There is no restriction on the installation location of the diffuser of sunlight.

The air transmission method uses a high reflectivity mirror to send light to a room at a predetermined angle. The construction is simple, low cost, and can light a room with a relatively high light efficiency. The sunlight is sent to the desired place using several reflective mirrors with high reflectivity. On sunny days, the average illumination of the tank can reach up to 5,000 lux. However, this method is simple in construction, but has a disadvantage of limited use range.

The reflective mirror duct method is to let the focused sunlight shine through a mirror-shaped stainless tube or a metal rectangular duct having a high reflectance. Inexpensive, but the inflow of natural light is limited to near or underground spaces in the room. The bends of the ducts use a high reflectivity mirror to change the optical axis, while the branches of the ducts use a mirror that reflects and transmits a portion of the natural light. Reflective mirror ducts cannot be easily changed after installation, so it is necessary to fully consider the system at the design stage.

<Table 1> Characteristics of natural light method according to transmission method

division Fiber optic Air transmission Reflective mirror duct method Mining method Use of optical lens Reflective mirror Natural light, reflection mirror Mining place Rooftops, and other sun places rooftop South side or rooftop Mining time Possible during sunshine Limited during sunshine hours Limited availability during sunshine Transmission method Indoors Indoor, balcony, other balcony Indoor (near field) Outdoor Garden, north side of building garden X Underground ◎ ▽ ◎ Underwater ◎ X X Transmission Quality of light Beneficial visible light UV, infrared included UV, infrared included Distribution ◎ X ○ Projection Diffuse, parallel, spotlight Diffuse, focused light Diffused light Installation area small medium versus efficiency Indoors ◎ ○ ◎ Outdoor ○ ◎ - Clairvoyance The species single single

[Legend] ◎: Optimal ○: Moderate ▽: Review X: Inappropriate

1-3) The irradiation part is a light source part that diffuses sunlight transmitted from the transmission part into the room directly or by using a mirror or a lens, and can change linear light into various light distributions. In addition, the irradiation unit may be diffused and spot illuminated, and the color of the illumination light may be changed in various ways using a color filter or the like.

If the illuminance caused by sunlight is insufficient, an integrated design with artificial light is required to automatically turn on the artificial light using an illuminance sensor. In particular, in the case of the optical fiber transmission method, it is easy to attach an arbitrary lighting device to the irradiation part, and the indoor local illumination and the general illumination are possible.

(2) Kinds and features of reflection mirror type natural light device

Natural light devices using special concentrators, which are currently developed and used in construction, can be classified mainly by light method, and include reflection mirror method, prism (light pipe) method, prism and mirror combination method, and lens and optical fiber method. <Table 2>

<Table 2> Types of Natural Light

Transmission method Air transport duct Secondary reflection mirror Fiber optic Reflection mirror ○ ○ ○ prism ○ ○ Prism mirror ○ ○ ○ lens ○

2-1) Reflective mirror method

The reflection mirror method is a method of transmitting sunlight to a predetermined place by using a planar or curved mirror having a high reflectance to perform sun tracking. If necessary, the secondary reflection mirror is used, and light is transmitted by air transmission method by using the straightness of the light. However, it is difficult to control the precise irradiation position, so the irradiation distance is usually within 30m.

In order to irradiate the light over a long distance by using the reflection mirror method, high construction accuracy and attention is required to induce the light exactly at the place where the light is to be irradiated. In addition, due to the characteristics of the reflecting mirror, since the reflection area of the mirror is small when the sun altitude is high, the amount of natural light at the high altitude or the Sun Namjung city can be greatly reduced.

Mining part composed of reflector plate uses one or several mirrors to reflect the incident sunlight to the area where lighting is required, and the sunlight reflected by the mirror by the reflection mirror position control system always keeps the room at a certain angle. It is a device that can be projected.

Reflector type natural light device can be installed outside the building or the outer wall of the building, etc. Therefore, the construction has the advantage of simple construction. However, the reflector type natural light device is relatively difficult to illuminate a space such as a basement, and thus has a narrow application range.

Reflector-type natural light devices currently commercially available in the United States, Japan, and Europe (Germany and Switzerland) generally perform solar tracking by heliostat solar tracking devices, and are used in parallel with program and sensor methods. A hybrid solar tracking system is used.

(Natural light device of reflector type)

(3) Status of foreign development

3-1) Europe

Natural light devices using special concentrators developed in Europe are generally used to reflect sunlight by using a reflecting mirror method, a light pipe method, and a heliostat. The natural light device using the developed special condenser is shown in <Table 3>.

Reflective mirror method is mainly applied to residential and business facilities, and is used for the purpose of planting and mining by supplying natural light that is insufficient in atrium, underground space or adjacent buildings.

<Table 3> Characteristics of Natural Light Devices in Europe

Mining method product name Development company Characteristic Reflective mirror method Solar mirrorsystem KUZELKA inAustria -Applicable to new or existing buildings-Provide roughness of about 100 lux or more Light pipe Solar tubesystem Solar globalin austria -Only visible light without infrared rays -2,300 ~ 8,200 lumens provided-Possible to cultivate food Sunpipesystem Jade Mountain inEngland -Applicable to new and existing housing-Inflow of diffused light-Possible to cultivate food Sunstarsystem Siemens Solarin Germany -Inflow of UV rays-Small installation space and food cultivation possible Heliostart method Parabolicsystem Sandia Nation Lab. in USA -Large scale commercial buildings-Condenser using mirror or glass tile-Light transmission using optical fiber-Plantable, possible for power generation Heliobussystem Heliobus AGin Switzerland -Large commercial buildings-Light guider for light transmission-Planting

3-2) Japan

The natural light device using a special condenser developed in Japan has developed a reflection mirror method, a prism method, a prism / mirror combination method, and a lens and optical fiber method.

The developed natural daylighting device was first introduced in 1984, and gradually became widespread. By 1999, about 3900 units were distributed nationwide. The prevalence of mining methods is 15% for reflection mirror method, 28% for prism method, 6% for combined prism and mirror method, and 51% for lens and optical fiber method. TABLE 4

<Table 4> Types and Distribution of Natural Light Devices in Japan

Skylight Penetration product name Dog foot company Reflective mirror method 15%, Natulite TECNET Natural light system Matsushita Major Prism method 28% Soolite Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. Prism / Mirror 6% Solaris Ryoko Lens, optical fiber method 51% Himawari Lafore Engineering

As described above, the reflector-type natural light device can be installed outside the building or on the exterior wall of the building, and thus construction has a simple advantage in terms of construction, but the existing reflection mirror method uses light to irradiate light over a long distance. High construction accuracy and attention is required to accurately induce light in the place to be irradiated, and the reflection area of the mirror decreases when the sun altitude is high due to the characteristics of the reflecting mirror. Has the disadvantage that it can be greatly reduced.

In addition, there is a disadvantage in that the irradiated area of the created surface varies depending on the area where the illumination of the sun is required and the distance between the solar tracking device. To prevent this, the cumbersome and costly increase in the processing of the reflector according to each installation distance is required. And the like.

An object of the present invention for solving the above problems is to provide a device for securing the sunshine right of the building and to create a more comfortable environment and to reduce the lighting energy.

The above object is a vertical arrangement on the drive shaft with a solar tracking control device and a small motor, which combines the control method using a program that can calculate the position of the sun in the solar tracking and mining unit and the method using a solar position detection sensor. An improved drive unit for driving the reduced gear,

In addition, there is an automatic cleaning device to prevent the decrease in transmittance due to the attachment of air dust or pollutants on the outer surface of the mining dome, which is not available in existing products, and a ventilation support using a triangular support for the primary reflector to remove temperature and moisture inside the mining dome. A device configured to operate the fan by solar power without the need for external power,

In order to prevent the irradiated area of the created surface from varying depending on the area where sunlight is required to be illuminated and the distance between the solar tracking device, the first reflector and 2 reflector-coated surface are made of a thin metal plate (aluminum, stainless, etc.). A device composed of a secondary reflector and configured to automatically adjust the reflective surface of the secondary reflector;

A solar tracking reflection mirror type secondary reflector mounting table configured to install primary and secondary reflector plates outside the building or outside the building to directly transmit or directly radiate sunlight reflected from the primary reflector;

It is achieved by installing a mobile illuminometer indoors to maintain a constant illuminance of a desired place at all times by the user, and providing an irradiation unit configured to adjust illuminance of artificial light (lighting apparatus) installed indoors by wireless communication.

1 is an overall configuration diagram of the present invention,

2 is a detailed view of the present invention miner;

Figure 3a is a detailed view of the primary reflector installation of the present invention,

3B is an installation state diagram of the secondary reflector of the present invention;

4 is a detailed view of the present invention primary reflector support;

5 is a detailed view of the drive unit of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a detailed view of the present invention mining dome automatic washing device.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

(1): miner (2): transmitter

(3): investigating unit (11): dome

(12): drive unit (13): primary reflector

(14): tripod support (15): ventilation fan

(16): mining unit mounting table (17): automatic washing device

(18): Automatic cleaning device support (19): Controller

(20): storm drain device (21): secondary reflector

(22): secondary reflector mounting bracket (23): secondary reflector hanger

(24): secondary reflector fixing device (25): secondary reflector fixing hook

(26): Automatic illuminance control device (27, 27 '): Motor

(28): Reduction Gear

The present invention to achieve the object as described above and to solve the conventional defects is installed in the north of the top of the building to collect the sunlight while tracking the sun, and the sun reflected from the primary reflector of the mining unit Claims [1] A mining device comprising a transmitting unit comprising a secondary reflector for diffusing light into a desired room.

The primary reflection plate 13 and the primary reflection plate, which constitute the entire exterior of the light mining part 1 in the form of a transparent dome 11 and are installed in the center of the dome 11 by a triangular support 14 therein. A drive unit 12 for driving and tracking the sun 13, a ventilation fan 15 using the drive unit 12 and a triangular support 14 to prevent air temperature rise and moisture inside the dome 11, and a transparent unit Automatic washing device (17) installed outside the dome (11) and installed on the automatic washing device support (18) and rain discharge device (20) according to the outdoor installation, and a mining unit for installing each device in the building A lighter 1 composed of 16;

Secondary reflector 21 which automatically adjusts the reflection surface of various forms produced to diffuse the sunlight reflected from the primary reflector 13 of the skylight 1 to the desired room, and 2 which is fixed to the reflector A transmission unit (2) composed of a vehicle reflector mounting plate (22);

It is characterized in that it consists of an irradiation unit (3) provided with an automatic illuminance control device (26) installed indoors to adjust the illuminance of artificial light (lighting device) that receives light from the transmission unit (2).

The mining part 1 has an automatic washing device 17 which is operated by solar power and is attached to the automatic washing device support 18 located outside the upper part of the dome 11 so that the cleaning agent and air are periodically cleaned around the dome 11. It is configured to spray while rotating, the lower part of the dome 11 is installed to configure the device for discharging rainwater accumulated in the mining unit mounting table 16.

The primary reflector 13 and the secondary reflector 21 are made of a thin metal plate (aluminum, stainless, etc.) to the surface of the protective coating coating, the secondary reflector is fixed to the secondary reflector for the secondary reflective surface of various forms Secondary reflector plate fixing devices 24 on both ends of the reflector plate hanger 23 and the secondary reflector plate fixing hangers 25 fixing the upper and lower sides are varied in length to adjust the curved surface to freely change the reflection area, that is, the irradiation area. Configure to adjust.

A triangular support 14 supporting the primary reflector plate 13 and the driving unit 12 is made of a cylindrical tube to vent the upper and lower portions of the skylight dome 11 to prevent the increase in air temperature and moisture. Insert the ventilation fan 15 and the adsorbent 29 for removing moisture automatically controlled by the solar power source.

The drive unit 12 is installed downward from the top perpendicular to the triangular support 14 to drive the small drive motors (27, 27 ') for tracking the altitude and azimuth, and configured to drive the reduction gear (28) perpendicular to the drive shaft and ,

In order to control the driving of the above configuration, a method of controlling the position of the sun and a sun position detection using a program that can predict the position of the sun for securing the maximum area of the primary reflector 13 inside the mining dome 11 and precise sun tracking. Combining the method of using the sensor, that is, using a microprocessor as a dedicated controller, consisting of a servo motor controller and a solar sensor, real-time calculation is possible in the microprocessor, and an error range of ± 0.01 ° from the azimuth and altitude angles of the sun, respectively. After calculating the position of the sun having a servo motor and then configured to control the sun tracking controller 19 to track the sun while correcting the input from the sun sensor.

The automatic illuminance control device is installed in a mobile room to maintain a constant illuminance of a place where the solar light transmitted from the transmission unit 2 is always irradiated, such as a solar sensor in the dome 11 of the skylight unit 1. It is configured to adjust the illuminance of the artificial light (lighting device) installed in the room by wireless communication connected to the sensor installed at the position.

Hereinafter, the configuration and the operation of the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is the overall configuration of the present invention, Figure 2 is a detailed view of the present invention miner, Figure 3a is a detailed installation of the primary reflector of the present invention, Figure 3b is a detailed installation of the secondary reflector of the present invention, Figure 4 is the present invention 5 is a detailed view of the primary reflector support, FIG. 5 is a detailed view of the driving unit of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a detailed view of the dome automatic washing device for mining of the present invention.

According to the present invention, there is provided a solar tracking reflection mirror type natural light apparatus comprising: a mining unit 1 including a primary reflector 13 for tracking the sun to collect sunlight and a dome 11 therein;

A transmission unit (2) comprising a secondary reflector (21) and a secondary reflector (22) that can be guided freely to the room by receiving the light collected by the light (1) and diffused into the room; And

It consists of an irradiation unit (3) provided with an automatic illuminance control device (26) installed indoors to adjust the illuminance of artificial light (lighting device) that receives light from the transmission unit (2).

In more detail,

The mining unit 1, which is installed in the north of the upper part of the building and collects sunlight while tracking the sun, is provided on the automatic washing device support 18 outside the upper entire transparent dome 11 and the transparent dome 11 for the mining device. The automatic washing device 17 is installed, the primary reflector 13 installed in the center of the mining dome 11 by the triangular support 14 reflects the sunlight with the driving device by the solar tracking device, It is configured to irradiate the secondary reflector 21 which is independently erected outside the building wall or outside to diffuse the reflected sunlight directly to the desired irradiation unit 3 through the transmission window at the bottom of the mining unit 1 or to the desired room. (Up to 0.2 ° of tracking accuracy, Up to 0.1 ° of tracking control signal accuracy, Maximum rotation speed: 80 ° / hour, Power consumption: Up to 20W on each axis of DC motor)

Automatic cleaning device (17) on the automatic cleaning device support 18 on the dome (11) operated by the solar power source in order to prevent a decrease in transmittance due to the adhesion of air dust or pollutants on the outer surface of the mining dome (11) Was attached so that the cleaning agent and air can be sprayed around the dome 11 at regular intervals, and a rainwater discharge device 20 is installed below the dome 11 to discharge the rainwater accumulated on the mining unit mounting table 16. .

A triangular support 14 supporting the primary reflector plate 13 and the driving unit 12 is made of a cylindrical tube to vent the upper and lower portions of the skylight dome 11 to prevent the increase in air temperature and moisture. Ventilation fan 15 that is automatically controlled by the solar power source and the adsorbent 29 for removing the moisture is inserted.

In the primary reflecting plate 13 (high temperature surface protective reflecting coating, reflectance of 94% or more) of the mining part 1, the reflection area is reduced and the precision construction difficulty due to the increase in the solar altitude is solved, and the secondary reflecting plate 21 ( Anti-corrosion surface protection reflective coating, reflectance of more than 94%) allows various types of reflective curves to be freely controlled to diffuse the reflected sunlight into the desired room.

The method of freely adjusting the secondary reflector 21 includes fixing the secondary reflector 24 at both ends of the secondary reflector hanger 23 to which the secondary reflector is fixed for various types of secondary reflecting surfaces. The secondary reflector fixing hanger 25 is to change the length of the left or right to adjust the curved surface to adjust the reflection area, that is, the irradiation area freely.

In order to secure the maximum area of the primary reflector 13 in the skylight dome 11 and to precisely track the sun, a control method using a program capable of predicting the position of the sun and a solar position detection sensor (maximum solar position detection error) To drive the reduction gear 28 vertically arranged on the drive shaft with the small drive motors 27 and 27 'installed downward from the top perpendicular to the triangular support 14 with the solar tracker mixing the method using less than 0.1 °). It was.

The tracking controller 19 is composed of a servo motor controller and a solar sensor using a microprocessor as a dedicated controller, which enables real-time operation in the microprocessor and has an error range of ± 0.01 ° in the azimuth and altitude angles of the sun, respectively. After calculating the position of the sun, it is configured to track the sun by calibrating the input from the sun sensor after driving the servomotor.

If the user wants, the illumination of artificial light (lighting equipment) installed in the room by wireless communication is installed by installing a mobile automatic illumination control device (illuminometer-26) in the room so that the illumination of the place where the solar light is irradiated is always constant. (Maximum allowable error of illuminance change: Within 3% of set value)

The present invention is not limited to the above-described specific preferred embodiments, and various modifications can be made by any person having ordinary skill in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention claimed in the claims. Of course, such changes will fall within the scope of the claims.

The present invention as described above is an invention that is expected to be used in the industrial industry as an invention capable of promoting national energy saving as well as creating a pleasant environment in indoor and shaded areas as a low-cost advanced device utilizing the maximum of natural energy.

Claims (6)

In the mining device is provided in the north of the building consisting of a transmission unit consisting of a mining unit for concentrating sunlight while tracking the sun, and a secondary reflector for diffusing the sunlight reflected from the primary reflector of the mining unit in a desired room; The primary reflection plate 13 and the primary reflection plate, which constitute the entire exterior of the light mining part 1 in the form of a transparent dome 11 and are installed in the center of the dome 11 by a triangular support 14 therein. A drive unit 12 for driving and tracking the sun 13, a ventilation fan 15 using the drive unit 12 and a triangular support 14 to prevent air temperature rise and moisture inside the dome 11, and transparent Automatic washing device (17) installed outside the dome (11) and installed on the automatic washing device support (18) and rain discharge device (20) according to the outdoor installation, and a mining unit for installing each device in the building A lighter 1 composed of 16; Secondary reflector 21 which automatically adjusts the reflection surface of various forms produced to diffuse the sunlight reflected from the primary reflector 13 of the skylight 1 to the desired room, and 2 which is fixed to the reflector A transmission unit (2) composed of a vehicle reflector mounting plate (22); Sunlight reflection mirror type natural light, characterized in that consisting of an irradiation unit (3) is installed to adjust the illuminance of the artificial light (lighting device) receives the light from the transmission unit 2 installed indoors Device. The method of claim 1, The mining part 1 has an automatic washing device 17 which is operated by solar power and is attached to the automatic washing device support 18 located outside the upper part of the dome 11 so that the cleaning agent and air are periodically cleaned around the dome 11. It is configured to spray while rotating, and the dome (11) under the sun tracking reflection mirror type natural light device, characterized in that the installation device 20 for discharging rainwater to the mining unit mounting base (16). The method of claim 1, The primary reflector 13 and the secondary reflector 21 are made of a thin metal plate (aluminum, stainless, etc.) to the surface of the protective coating coating, the secondary reflector is fixed to the secondary reflector for the secondary reflective surface of various forms Secondary reflector plate fixing devices 24 on both ends of the reflector plate hanger 23 and the secondary reflector plate fixing hangers 25 fixing the upper and lower sides are varied in length to adjust the curved surface to freely change the reflection area, that is, the irradiation area. Sun-traced reflection mirror natural light device, characterized in that configured to adjust. The method of claim 1, A triangular support 14 supporting the primary reflector plate 13 and the driving unit 12 is made of a cylindrical tube to vent the upper and lower portions of the skylight dome 11 to prevent the increase in air temperature and moisture. Solar trace reflection mirror type natural light device, characterized in that the ventilation fan (15) automatically controlled by the solar power source and the adsorbent (29) for removing moisture. The method of claim 1, The drive unit 12 is configured to drive the reduction gear 28 vertically arranged on the drive shaft of the small drive motors 27 and 27 'installed downward from the top of the triangular support 14 vertically, In order to control the driving of the above configuration, a method of controlling the position of the sun and a sun position detection using a program that can predict the position of the sun for securing the maximum area of the primary reflector 13 inside the mining dome 11 and precise sun tracking. Combining the method of using the sensor, that is, using a microprocessor as a dedicated controller, consisting of a servo motor controller and a solar sensor, real-time calculation is possible in the microprocessor, and an error range of ± 0.01 ° from the azimuth and altitude angles of the sun, respectively. After calculating the position of the sun having a servo drive and then corrected by the input from the solar sensor while tracking the sun tracking controller (19) configured to control the sun tracking reflection mirror type natural light device. The method of claim 1, The automatic illuminance control device is installed in a mobile room to maintain a constant illuminance of a place where the solar light transmitted from the transmission unit 2 is always irradiated, such as a solar sensor in the dome 11 of the skylight unit 1. Solar tracking reflection mirror type natural light device, characterized in that configured to adjust the illuminance of artificial light (lighting equipment) installed in the room by wireless communication connected to the sensor installed at the location.