KR100439484B1 - Natural Purification Sewage Disposal System by Double Ventilation Method and Aerobic-Anaerobic Combination Type - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide sufficient oxygen for the growth of microorganisms, high water treatment efficiency can be achieved with a small area, and installation and maintenance costs are very low, gravel is filled at the bottom, sand is filled at the top of the sand, and aquatic water is at the top of the sand. An anaerobic tank in which plants are vegetated, an anaerobic tank installed below the aerobic tank, filled with gravel at the bottom, and filled with sand at the top of the gravel, and arranged in a lattice form at the bottom of the aerobic tank. Is installed to be exposed to the outside, the first vent pipe, the second height of the aerobic tank arranged in a grid-like arrangement is installed, the inlet is formed to be exposed to the outside and the air flows into the aerobic tank from the outside, installed in the aerobic tank And a plurality of connecting pipes for communicating the grid-shaped first pipe and the second pipe to each other; Nature by the anaerobic combined double aeration method including a denitrification tank communicating with the anaerobic tank through the furnace, the bottom is filled with gravel to a predetermined height, the sand is filled with sand to a predetermined height, and the aquatic plants are grown above the sand. Provide a purification sewage treatment system.

Description

Natural Purification Sewage Disposal System by Double Ventilation Method and Aerobic-Anaerobic Combination Type}

The present invention relates to a natural purification sewage treatment system by an aerobic combined anaerobic double ventilation method, and more particularly, by installing a double vent pipe in the aerobic tank to supply sufficient oxygen so that aquatic plants are planted on the top while being treated by microorganisms. The present invention also relates to a natural purification sewage treatment system by an aerobic anaerobic combined double ventilation method, which also carries out water treatment by natural purification.

Generally, in urban areas where a large amount of sewage is generated, sewage treatment plants using mechanical sludge, etc. are installed, and the sewage is treated with water and discharged to the river or the sea.

However, in rural areas, sewage pipes are not installed or the supply rate is low, so most sewage is not treated and is discharged to rivers or the sea.

Recently, the capillary infiltration trench method, which is a kind of natural purification method, has been applied as a small sewage treatment facility.However, due to frequent closure of the capillary, sewage treatment is not performed properly. Occurred and ceased the dissemination of this process.

And various kinds of mechanical sewage treatment methods such as activated sludge method, long-term aeration method, oxidation sphere method, advanced combined purification system, soil-coated contact oxidation method, high efficiency sewage purification method, anaerobic aerobic contact circulation method have been popularized. Professional management is required for management, high installation and maintenance costs (high power consumption), lack of responsiveness to sudden changes in sewage and water quality, and delays in machine failure, resulting in odors. There are many problems.

Therefore, considering the special environment of farming and fishing villages, the installation and maintenance cost is low, it can adapt well to the local environment, the treatment process is simple, and the development of sewage treatment method that meets the target discharge quality is urgently required. It is becoming.

Natural sewage treatment methods include soil treatment methods, oxidative paper treatment methods, plant treatment methods, wetland treatment methods, fallow land treatment methods, and forest soil infiltration methods. However, there are many problems such as a decrease in permeation rate due to air gap closure, excessive land area requirement, and deterioration of treatment efficiency against large fluctuations in sewage inflow due to the characteristics of rural areas.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems, it is possible to obtain a high water treatment efficiency even with a small area by supplying sufficient oxygen for the breeding of microorganisms and planting aquatic plants on the top by installing a vent pipe in a double And to install the anaerobic tank up and down to minimize the installation space, and to provide a natural purification sewage treatment system by aerobic anaerobic combined double ventilation method is very low installation and maintenance cost.

1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an embodiment of the natural purification sewage treatment system by aerobic anaerobic combined type double ventilation method according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a perspective view showing the arrangement of the first vent pipe and the second vent pipe in one embodiment of the natural purification sewage treatment system by the anaerobic anaerobic combined double ventilation method according to the present invention.

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A of Figure 1 showing the configuration of the partition wall and the guide wall in one embodiment of the natural purification sewage treatment system by aerobic anaerobic combined double ventilation method according to the present invention.

The natural purification sewage treatment system according to the anaerobic anaerobic combined double ventilation method proposed by the present invention has an aerobic tank in which the bottom is filled with gravel at a predetermined height, the top of the gravel is filled with sand, and the aquatic plants are vegetated at the top of the sand. The anaerobic tank is installed at a predetermined depth below the exhalation tank, and the bottom is filled with gravel at a predetermined height, and the top of the gravel is filled with sand at a predetermined height. The first vent pipe is installed and the outlet is formed in the anaerobic tank direction and the inlet is exposed to the outside, and is connected to the middle height portion of the exhalation tank in a lattice form, and the inlet is formed to be exposed to the outside. A second vent pipe into which air is introduced into the expiratory tank, and the first vent pipe installed in the aerobic tank and having a lattice shape; And a plurality of connecting pipes for communicating the second pipe with each other, and through the connecting passage, the anaerobic tank is connected to the bottom, and the bottom is filled with gravel at a predetermined height, the top of the gravel is filled with sand, and the top of the sand is aquatic plants. This includes a vegetation denitrification tank.

In the aerobic tank, anaerobic tank and denitrification tank, it is preferable to install a water barrier so that sewage does not penetrate underground.

The above aerobic tank is filled with a gravel having a particle size of about 10 to 20 mm in a thickness of about 10 to 20 cm, and a sand having a particle size of about 2 to 5 mm in a thickness of about 50 to 80 cm. Fill it with

The anaerobic tank and the denitrification tank are filled with a gravel having a particle size of about 10 to 20 mm and a thickness of about 10 to 30 cm, and a sand having a particle size of about 0.1 to 5 mm and a range of about 50 to 100 cm. Fill it with the thickness of.

The anaerobic tank is provided with a partition wall having an upper opening to guide the flow of sewage up and down, and the denitrification tank is provided with one or more guide walls to guide the flow of sewage in a zigzag shape.

Next, a preferred embodiment of the natural purification sewage treatment system by the aerobic anaerobic combined type double ventilation method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

First, one embodiment of the natural purification sewage treatment system by the aerobic anaerobic combined type double ventilation method according to the present invention, as shown in Figures 1 to 3, the bottom is filled with gravel 15 to a predetermined height and the gravel 15 Sand (16) is filled at a predetermined height in the upper and the aerobic tank (10), the aquatic plant 17 is vegetated above the sand (16), and installed at a predetermined depth below the aerobic tank (10) The anaerobic tank 40 is filled with the gravel 25 at a predetermined height and the sand 26 is filled at the predetermined height above the gravel 25, and the bottom portion of the aerobic tank 10 is arranged in a lattice shape. It is installed and the outlet 35 is formed in the direction of the anaerobic tank 40, the inlet 31 is installed in a lattice shape in the middle height of the first vent pipe 30 and the exhalation tank 10 is installed to the outside Installed in an array, the inlet 33 is exposed to the outside, and is formed A plurality of second vent pipes 32 through which air flows into the exhalation tank 10 and a plurality of grids installed in the exhalation tank 10 to communicate the grid-shaped first vent pipes 30 and the second vent pipes 32 with each other. It is connected to the anaerobic tank 40 through the connecting pipe 34 and the connecting passage 44, the bottom is filled with gravel 25 at a predetermined height, and the sand 26 at a predetermined height above the gravel 25. Is filled and comprises a denitrification tank 20 in which the aquatic plant 27 is vegetated above the sand (26).

The aerobic tank 10, the anaerobic tank 20, the denitrification tank 40 is preferably provided with a water-repellent film 11, 21 so that sewage does not penetrate underground.

The aerobic tank 10 and the anaerobic tank 40 is installed up and down arranged to form a two-layer. When the anaerobic tank 40 is installed below the aerobic tank 10 as described above, sewage that has passed through the aerobic tank 10 is naturally introduced into the anaerobic tank 20 without using a separate power such as a pumping operation.

The gravel 15 filling the bottom of the aerobic tank 10 is used by selecting the particle size in the range of about 10 to 20 mm. In addition, the height (thickness) of the gravel 15 to fill the bottom of the exhalation tank 10 is set in about 10-20 cm.

The sand 16 to be filled on the gravel 15 of the aerobic tank 10 is selected and used in the range of about 2 to 5 mm particle size. In addition, the height (thickness) of the sand 16 filled in the above-mentioned exhalation tank 10 is set in about 50-80 cm.

The aquatic plant 17 vegetation above the sand 16 of the aerobic tank 10 is mainly applicable to the reed having a ventilation structure that can supply oxygen into the sand (16).

The aquatic plant 27 that is vegetated above the sand 26 of the denitrification tank 20 is mainly applicable to the bud, string, lotus, and the like.

The gravel 25 filling the bottom of the anaerobic tank 40 and the denitrification tank 20 is used by selecting the particle size in the range of about 10 to 20 mm. Moreover, the height (thickness) of the gravel 25 which fills the bottom of the anaerobic tank 40 and the denitrification tank 20 is set in about 10-30 cm.

And the sand 26 to be filled on the gravel 25 of the anaerobic tank 40 and the denitrification tank 20 is selected and used in the range of about 0.1 to 5 mm particle size. In addition, the height (thickness) of the sand 26 filled in the anaerobic tank 40 and the denitrification tank 20 is set in the range of about 50-100 cm.

The sand 26 filled in the anaerobic tank 40 and the denitrification tank 20 is preferably used because sea sand containing oyster shells and the like is converted to neutral or alkaline water by neutralizing the acidic water by CaCO ₃ contained in the shell. Do.

The anaerobic tank 40 and the denitrification tank 20 are formed to a depth in the range of about 1 to 2 m so that the interior can be maintained in an anaerobic state.

In addition, if the surface of the denitrification tank 20 is formed to be kept lower than the height of the outlet 31 of the first tube 30, it is always filled with sewage so that the supply of oxygen can be reduced to maintain a high anaerobic state. It is preferable.

When the surface of the anaerobic tank 40 and the denitrification tank 20 is formed equal to or lower than the ground surface, most of the anaerobic tank 40 and the denitrification tank 20 are positioned below the ground surface, and are deeply about 1-2 meters from the ground surface. Because of the location, even in winter, the temperature at which the microorganisms can grow by the temperature is maintained.

For example, the anaerobic tank 40 and the denitrification tank 20 are installed to be buried in the ground 2, as shown in FIG.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 3, the anaerobic tank 40 is provided with a partition wall 43, the upper side of which is opened to guide the flow of sewage up and down.

On one side of the blocking wall 42 between the anaerobic tank 40 and the denitrification tank 20, a connecting passage 44 for communicating the anaerobic tank 40 and the denitrification tank 20 is formed.

Therefore, the sewage flowing into the anaerobic tank 40 flows downward by gravity, and then moves upward to form a "Ｕ" shape again, passes through the open upper portion of the partition wall 43, and then again downward by gravity. Move to the denitrification tank 20 through the connection passage 44.

And inside the denitrification tank 20, as shown in FIG. 3, the guide wall 22 which guides a flow long so that the residence time of a sewage may become long is provided in left and right zig-zag shape. In other words, the sewage introduced through the connection passage 44 is zigzag-shaped for a long time while being denitrified and dephosphorized in a high anaerobic state.

Although not shown in the drawing, the first vent pipe 30 and the second vent pipe 32 are provided with a plurality of small holes along the circumference. Air (oxygen) in the first vent pipe 30 and the second vent pipe 32 is supplied into the gravel 15 or the sand 16 through the above-described holes, and is supplied from the gravel 15 or the sand 16 side. The treated sewage flows into the first tube 30 or the second tube 32 through the hole.

In addition, although not shown in the drawing, it is preferable to provide a fine structured network in the first tube 30 and the second tube 32 to prevent small holes from being clogged by sand, sludge or the like.

As shown in FIG. 2, the first tube 30 and the second tube 32 are provided with connecting pipes 34 that connect each other up and down at points where the lattice shapes overlap with each other.

By providing the connecting pipe 34 as described above, the air in the first vent pipe 30 and the second vent pipe 32 is evenly distributed, and oxygen is supplied evenly over the entire inside of the aerobic tank 10 described above.

In addition, the sewage flowing into the second tube 32 is collected in the first tube 30 through the connecting pipe 34, and discharged toward the anaerobic tank 20 through the outlet 35 together.

The inlet 31 of the first vent pipe 30 is installed to be exposed to the outside so that the outside air naturally flows into the inside.

And the denitrification tank 20 is provided with a discharge pipe 52 for discharging the sewage treated.

The discharge pipe 52 may be connected to a manhole (not shown) for temporarily storing the sewage, or may be installed to discharge into a river or the sea.

Next, the sewage treatment process of the natural purification sewage treatment system by the aerobic anaerobic combined type double ventilation method according to the present invention configured as described above will be described.

First, when the sewage flows into the aerobic tank 10, the sewage soaks into the sand 16 layer and flows downward, and the sludge contained in the sewage is filtered while passing through the sand 16 and the gravel 15 layers. do. At this time, the filtered sludge begins to be decomposed by the microorganisms that propagate between the roots of the aquatic plants 17 and the sand 16 and the gravel 15.

In the above, not only oxygen is supplied through the roots of the aquatic plants 17 vegetated in the sand 16, but also oxygen is supplied through the first tube 30 and the second tube 32, so that microorganisms propagate. Sufficient oxygen is always supplied to the sludge to actively decompose the sludge.

The sludge filtered as described above is introduced into the second tube 32 and the first tube 30, and discharged to the anaerobic tank 20 through the first tube 30.

At this time, since the sewage passing through the sand 16 and the gravel 15 proceeds slowly, the amount of sewage flowing into the second tube 32 and the first tube 30 is not large, and the first tube 30 is not included. The upper part of) is always kept in an empty space, and air is supplied from the outside through the space to be supplied into the aerobic tank 10. That is, as the sewage is discharged into the anaerobic tank 40 through the outlet 35 of the first tube 30, the outside air flows into the aerobic tank 10 through the inlet 31 of the first tube 30. This is done together.

As described above, evenly supplied with sufficient oxygen throughout the aerobic tank 10, microorganisms grow vigorously and decompose and treat almost all organic matter. Some organic matter (sludge) that has not been treated in the above process is primarily treated by sewage in the aerobic tank 10 by adsorption, filtration, sedimentation and absorption into the aquatic plants 17 by sand 16 and gravel 15, and the like. .

Dissolved oxygen (DO) is consumed by many organic matters and microorganisms in the sewage introduced into the aerobic tank 10, but little exists, but when passed through the aerobic tank 10 as described above, it is oxidized by sufficient oxygen supply and dissolved The concentration of oxygen increases rapidly, and in the case of NH ₄ -N, most of it is converted to NO ₃ -N by nitriding.

As described above, when the sewage flows into the anaerobic tank 40 through the outlet 35 of the first vent pipe 30 through the aerobic tank 10 as described above, in the anaerobic tank 40, the flow of sewage is caused by the partition wall 43. Is guided downward again upward, downward again to move to the denitrification tank 20 through the connection passage 44, and the flow is long and zigzag by the guide wall 22 of the denitrification tank 20. As a result, the residence time is as long as possible.

Most contaminants are removed while passing through the aerobic tank 10, but in the case of nitrogen and phosphorus, only a small portion is treated by microorganisms, aquatic plants 17, sand 16 and gravel 15.

In the anaerobic tank 40 and the denitrification tank 20, dissolved oxygen (DO) is sufficiently reduced under the anaerobic conditions of the nitrified primary treated water, and is made anoxic, and denitrification and dephosphorization are performed by anaerobic microorganisms.

That is, in the anaerobic tank 40, the first treated sewage is gradually anaerobic to make it anoxic for denitrification, and treatment with microorganisms, adsorption, filtration, and precipitation by sand (26) and gravel (25). This secondary treatment is performed to remove contaminants such as residual organics and inorganics.

In the denitrification tank 20, the amount of dissolved oxygen in the sewage treated secondly in the anaerobic tank 40 is greatly reduced, and at the same time, the nitrogen is treated by denitrification while being anaerobic to anoxic state.

In the anoxic state of the denitrification tank 20, nitrogen gas is generated by the anaerobic microorganism as an electron acceptor as an electron acceptor, and is discharged into the air, and at the same time as the denitrification and dephosphorization, the sand 25 and the gravel 26 Adsorption, filtration, precipitation and the like are made, and the organic matter is partially absorbed by the aquatic plant 27.

In the above description of the preferred embodiment of the natural purification sewage treatment system by the anaerobic anaerobic combined double ventilation method according to the present invention, the present invention is not limited thereto, but the scope of the claims and the detailed description of the invention and the accompanying drawings Various modifications can be made therein and this also falls within the scope of the present invention.

According to the natural purification sewage treatment system by the aerobic anaerobic combined type double aeration method according to the present invention made as described above, in order to maximize the treatment efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus, the height of the anaerobic tank and the denitrification tank is deeply formed to 1 ~ 2m to maintain high anaerobic In addition, since an anaerobic tank is installed under the aerobic tank, it is possible to reduce the land area of the sewage treatment plant to a minimum.

In addition, according to the natural purification sewage treatment system by the aerobic anaerobic combined type double aeration method according to the present invention, since the oxygen is sufficiently supplied evenly throughout the aerobic tank, it is possible to maximize the sewage treatment efficiency by maintaining the growth of aerobic microorganisms vigorously. Do. Especially in the winter, even when aquatic plants die and the surface layer freezes and the oxygen supply from the surface is blocked, an additional second pipe is installed at a predetermined height of the aerobic tank, so that it is always possible to supply sufficient oxygen inside the aerobic tank. Even in winter, the sewage treatment efficiency is not drastically reduced.

According to the natural purification sewage treatment system by the aerobic combined anaerobic double ventilation method according to the present invention, since the anaerobic tank is installed deep below the ground surface, it is possible to maintain a temperature suitable for the growth of microorganisms by geothermal temperature even in winter.

And according to the natural purification sewage treatment system by the aerobic anaerobic combined type double ventilation method according to the present invention, since the power is not used at all, the maintenance cost is almost inexpensive, and there is no need for a professional technician to manage.

According to the natural purification sewage treatment system by the combined aerobic anaerobic type double ventilation method according to the present invention, since it is made of wetland form, the characteristics of the sewage of farm and fishing villages have excellent responsiveness to inflow sewage and water quality change, and remove high concentration organic matter and low concentration organic matter. All are possible, and it can remove odors and mosquito larvae and remove pathogens and heavy metals.

Claims (5)

An aerobic tank in which the bottom is filled with gravel to a predetermined height, the top of the gravel is filled with sand, and the top of the sand is aquatic plants; An anaerobic tank installed at a depth of 1 to 2 m below the aerobic tank, the bottom of which is filled with gravel to a predetermined height, and the top of the gravel with sand to a predetermined height; A first vent pipe which is installed and arranged in a lattice shape at the bottom of the aerobic tank, the outlet is formed in the anaerobic tank direction, and the inlet is exposed to the outside; A second vent pipe which is installed and arranged in a lattice shape in the middle height portion of the exhalation tank and is formed by exposing the inlet to the outside and inflowing air into the exhalation tank from the outside; A plurality of connecting pipes installed in the exhalation tank and communicating the grid-shaped first and second pipes with each other; Aerobic anaerobic combined double ventilation method comprising a denitrification tank communicating with the anaerobic tank through the connecting passage, the bottom is filled with gravel at a predetermined height, the sand is filled with sand at a predetermined height, and the aquatic plants are vegetated on the sand. Natural Purification Sewage Treatment System The method of claim 1, Gravel of the aerobic tank is filled with a thickness in the range of 10 to 20 cm by selecting in the particle size range of 10-20 mm, The sand of the aerobic tank is a natural purification sewage treatment system by the anaerobic anaerobic combined double-breathing method of sorting in a particle diameter range of 2 to 5 mm and filling in a thickness in the range of 50 to 80 cm. The method of claim 1, The gravel of the anaerobic tank and the denitrification tank is screened in the particle size range of 10-20 mm and filled to a thickness of 10-30 cm, The above-mentioned anaerobic tank and denitrification tank sand is selected from a particle diameter of 0.1 to 5 mm and filled to a thickness of 50 to 100 cm. The method of claim 1, Inside the anaerobic tank is installed a partition wall that is open to the upper side to guide the flow of sewage up and down long, A natural purification sewage treatment system by an aerobic anaerobic combined type double ventilation method in which a plurality of guide walls are provided in a zigzag shape to guide the flow of sewage in the denitrification tank for a long time. The method of claim 1, Natural wastewater treatment system by the anaerobic anaerobic combined type double venting method to form a plurality of small holes along the periphery of the first vent pipe and the second vent pipe.