KR100436331B1 - Extinguishing Method - Google Patents
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- KR100436331B1 KR100436331B1 KR10-2001-0035344A KR20010035344A KR100436331B1 KR 100436331 B1 KR100436331 B1 KR 100436331B1 KR 20010035344 A KR20010035344 A KR 20010035344A KR 100436331 B1 KR100436331 B1 KR 100436331B1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
- A62C37/08—Control of fire-fighting equipment comprising an outlet device containing a sensor, or itself being the sensor, i.e. self-contained sprinklers
- A62C37/10—Releasing means, e.g. electrically released
- A62C37/11—Releasing means, e.g. electrically released heat-sensitive
- A62C37/14—Releasing means, e.g. electrically released heat-sensitive with frangible vessels
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/06—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires containing gas-producing, chemically-reactive components
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Abstract
본 발명은 소화방법에 관한 것으로, 특히, 실내에서의 화재발생시 유리앰플내의 소화약제가 90℃ 이상이 되면 소화약제의 분해가스가 유리앰플을 파괴하여 자동적으로 소화할 수 있도록 함에 그 목적이 있는 것으로서, 화재발생시 가장 중요한 초기소화를 완벽하게 하기 위해 소화제를 가장 유효한 시간에 물과 소화제를 온도에 따라 용해시켜 확산하여 흡열작용에 의해 화력을 약화시키고, 소화제로 부터 불연성가스의 발생에 의해 소화작용을 하며, 또한 수중에 용해된 방화약제에 의해 불길이 번져 타나가는 것을 방지하는데 유용한 것으로 된 소화방법에 관한 발명인 것이다.The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing method, and in particular, when the fire extinguishing agent in the glass ampoule becomes more than 90 ° C. in the event of a fire in the room, the decomposition gas of the extinguishing agent destroys the glass ampoule so as to automatically extinguish the object. In the event of a fire, extinguishing agent is dissolved by water and extinguishing agent according to temperature at the most effective time in order to complete the most important initial fire extinguishing, weakening fire power by endothermic action, and extinguishing action by generating incombustible gas from extinguishing agent. In addition, the invention relates to a fire extinguishing method that is useful for preventing the flame from spreading by a fireproof agent dissolved in water.
Description
본 발명은 소화방법에 관한 것으로, 특히, 화재발생시 가장 중요한 초기소화를 완벽하게 하기 위해 소화제를 가장 유효한 시간에 물과 소화제를 온도에 따라 용해시켜 확산하여 흡열작용에 의해 화력을 약화시키고, 소화제로 부터의 불연성가스의 발생에 의해 소화작용을 하며, 또한 수중에 용해된 방화약제에 의해 불길이 번져 타나가는 것을 방지하는데 유용한 것으로 된 소화방법에 관한 발명인 것이다.The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing method, in particular, in order to completely extinguish the most important initial fire extinguishing, the extinguishing agent is dissolved in water and extinguishing agent according to the temperature at the most effective time to diffuse and weaken the thermal power by the endothermic action, The invention relates to a fire extinguishing method which is useful for preventing fire from spreading by a fire extinguishing agent dissolved in water and generating fire by incombustible gas.
일반적으로 물건이 타기 위해서는 4가지의 요소가 필요한데,In general, four things are needed for an item to burn.
첫째, 가연물질인 연소하는 물건과Firstly, combustibles and combustibles
둘째, 산소(공기)로 연소하는데 필요한 산소와Second, the oxygen needed to burn with oxygen (air)
셋째, 열(점화원)로 연소하기 위해 필요한 온도 및Third, the temperature required to burn with heat (ignition source) and
넷째, 연쇄반응으로 연소물과 열과 산소의 연쇄적인 산화반응를 하는 것으로서, 소화하는데는 연소의 4요소를 하나라도 제거하는 것에 있는 것이다.Fourthly, the chain reaction is a series of oxidative reactions between combustion products, heat and oxygen, and the digestion is to remove at least four elements of combustion.
소화의 4요소에는 네가지 방법이 있는데, 첫째로 질식소화(희석소화)라 하여 연소물을 탄화가스등의 불연성 가스로 덮음으로써 산소의 농도를 엷게하여 소화하는 방법, 또한 연소물에 대해 산소의 공급을 차단하는 방법이 있었고, 둘째로, 냉각소화라 하여 물등을 끼얹어 연소물의 온도(열)를 낮춰 소화하는 방법이 있었 으며, 셋째로, 제거소화라 하여 연소물을 제거하므로서 소화하는 방법이 있었고, 넷째로 억제소화(부촉매소화)라 하여 연소물과 탄소와 공기중의 산소와 열의 연쇄반응을 차단, 억제하는 방법이 있었는데, 실제로 화재의 경우 분말소화기를 사용 하거나 물을 끼얹는 소화가 대부분으로, 초기 소화상태가 아니면 소화가 불가능 하다.There are four methods of extinguishing. There are four methods of extinguishing. First, it is called asphyxiation (dilution digestion) to cover the combustion products with non-combustible gas such as carbonized gas to reduce the concentration of oxygen and to extinguish the supply of oxygen to the combustion products. There was a method, and secondly, there was a method of extinguishing by lowering the temperature (heat) of the combusted product by putting water, etc., called cooling fire extinguishing. Third, there was a method of extinguishing by removing the combusted product, called extinguishing digestion. There was a method of blocking and suppressing the chain reaction between combustion products, carbon, and oxygen and heat in the air.In the case of a fire, most of the fire extinguishing is performed using a powder extinguisher or water spraying. Is impossible.
즉 자동적으로 소화할 수 있는 것을 필요로 하게 되었고, 또한 지금까지는 초기소화가 불가능하므로 많은 재산 및 생명을 잃는등 현실적으로 문제시 되고 있는 것이다.In other words, it needs to be able to extinguish automatically, and until now it is impossible to extinguish the fire so much that it loses a lot of property and life.
본 발명은 상기와 같은 종래의 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 발명한 것으로서, 본 발명의 목적은 실내에서의 화재발생시 유리앰플내의 소화약제가 90℃ 이상이 되면 자동적으로 소화약제로 부터 발생한 불연성가스가 7기압 이상이 되어 유리 앰플을 자동적으로 확산시켜 초기에 소화할 수 있도록 함에 그 목적이 있는 것으로서, 화재 발생시 가장중요한 초기소화를 완벽하게 하기 위해 소화제를 가장 유효한 시간에 물과 소화제를 온도에 따라 용해시켜 확산하여 흡열작용에 의해 화력을 약화시키고, 소화제로 부터의 불연성가스의 발생에 의해 소화작용을 하며, 또한 수중에 용해된 방화약제에 의해 불길이 번져 타나가는 것을 방지하는데 유용한 것으로 된 소화방법에 관한 발명인 것이다.The present invention has been invented to solve the above conventional problems, the object of the present invention is the non-combustible gas generated from the fire extinguishing agent is 7 atm when the fire extinguishing agent in the glass ampoule is more than 90 ℃ during the fire in the room It aims to be able to extinguish the glass ampoule automatically and extinguish it at an early stage, and to disperse water and extinguishing agents according to the temperature at the most effective time to dissolve the extinguishing agent at the most effective time in order to complete the most important initial extinguishing. The invention relates to a fire extinguishing method which is useful for weakening the thermal power by endothermic action, extinguishing by the generation of incombustible gas from the extinguishing agent, and preventing flame spreading by the fire extinguishing agent dissolved in water. will be.
화재에 대해서 반응하여 냉각작용, 산소의 차단방지 작용을 동시에 행하여 순식간에 소화되는 소화제의 성분으로, 요소 25중량%, 탄산암모늄 25중량%, 염화암모늄 5중량%, 인산암모늄10중량%, 무수탄산소다10중량%, 불소계 계면활성제 20중량%, 규산나트륨 5%중량의 성분으로 구성되어 있고, 화재발생시 유리앰플이 파괴되면서 소화와 연소방지를 하는 것으로서, 물과 소화제가 용해되는 것은 시간이 아니라 온도에 의하는 것인데, 물과 혼합된 소화제는 수온이 약 31.5℃부터 소화가스가 발생하여 유리앰플내의 온도가 평균 110±10℃에서 파괴 작동됨과 동시에 불연성가스 압력은 파괴 작동시 평균 7.5±ㅇ.5㎏/㎠ 일때 유리앰플이 자동적으로 파괴되어 소화시키는 것으로 각각의 약제의 화재에 대한 반응을 살펴보면, 요소는 물과 열에 의해 탄산가스(질식)과 암모니아(냉각)에 분해된다.It is a component of fire extinguishing agent that reacts to fire and performs cooling and prevention of oxygen at the same time. It is 25% by weight of urea, 25% by weight of ammonium carbonate, 5% by weight of ammonium chloride, 10% by weight of ammonium phosphate, and carbonic anhydride. Consists of 10% by weight of soda, 20% by weight of fluorine-based surfactant, and 5% by weight of sodium silicate, which prevents extinguishing and burning by destroying the glass ampoules in the event of a fire. The extinguishing agent mixed with water generates extinguishing gas from the water temperature of about 31.5 ℃, and the temperature in the glass ampoule is destroyed at 110 ± 10 ℃, and the pressure of the non-combustible gas is 7.5 ± .5 in the breaking operation. When the glass ampoule is automatically destroyed and extinguished at ㎏ / ㎠, the reaction of each drug to the fire is as follows. Decomposes to moniker (cooling).
CO(NH2)+ H2O →CO2+ 2NH3 CO (NH 2 ) + H 2 O → CO 2 + 2NH 3
황산암모늄을 가열하면 암모니아(냉각)와 염산이 된다.Heating ammonium sulfate results in ammonia (cooling) and hydrochloric acid.
NH4CI = NH3+ HCINH 4 CI = NH 3 + HCI
황산암모늄은 분해하여 암모늄(냉각)과 황산이 된다.Ammonium sulfate decomposes into ammonium (cooling) and sulfuric acid.
(NH4)2SO4= 2NH3+ H2SO4 (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 = 2NH 3 + H 2 SO 4
탄산소다와 염산이 화합하여 식염과 물(냉각)과 탄산가스(질식)를 생성한다.Sodium carbonate and hydrochloric acid combine to produce salt, water (cooling) and carbon dioxide (choking).
Na2CO3+ 2HCI = 2NaCI + H2O + CO2 Na 2 CO 3 + 2HCI = 2NaCI + H 2 O + CO 2
또한 탄산소다는 황산과 화합하여 황산나트륨과 탄산을 생성한다.Soda carbonate also combines with sulfuric acid to produce sodium sulfate and carbonic acid.
탄산은 분해하여 탄산가스(질식)가 되고, 황산나트륨과 물로 냉각작용을 행한다.Carbonic acid is decomposed into carbon dioxide gas (choking) and cooled with sodium sulfate and water.
Na2CO3+ H2SO4= Na2SO4+ H2CO3 Na 2 CO 3 + H 2 SO 4 = Na 2 SO 4 + H 2 CO 3
H2CO3= CO2+ H2OH 2 CO 3 = CO 2 + H 2 O
이상과 같이 암모니아와 탄산가스가 다량으로 발생됨과 동시에 용액중의물이 연소의 열에 의한 수증기가 될때의 탈열작용과 함께 순식간에 소화가 이루어 진다.As described above, ammonia and carbon dioxide are generated in a large amount, and at the same time, the water in the solution is extinguished in a moment along with the desorption action when the water becomes steam by the heat of combustion.
또한 규산나트륨과 태운명반이 화합하여 무수규산알루미늄이 생기지만, 이는 대단히 연전성( 늘려펼치는 성질)이 뛰어나고, 극히 얇은 피막상이 되어 재차의 인화를 방지하는 작용이 있다.In addition, the sodium silicate and the aluminous alum combined to produce anhydrous aluminum silicate, but this is very ductile (extending properties), extremely thin film form and has the effect of preventing the flare again.
또한 불소계 계면활성제는 특히 기름화재에 효과가 있다.In addition, fluorine-based surfactants are particularly effective for oil fires.
이는 작동과 함께 발포하여 거품과 거품이 환원하여 생기는 수용액막이 기름면상에 신속히 확산되어 증기의 증발을 억제하고, 거품의 공기차단작용과 냉각등의 상승효과로 즉시 소화를 한다.It is foamed together with the operation, and the aqueous film produced by the reduction of foam and foam quickly diffuses on the oil surface to suppress vapor evaporation, and immediately extinguishs by synergistic effects such as air blocking and cooling of the foam.
게다가 다시 타는 것을 방지하는 성능도 있어 효과적인 소화를 하는 것이다.In addition, there is also the ability to prevent re-burning is effective digestion.
이상에 설명한 바와 같이 본 발명은 실시예로서, 소화기의 유리앰플에 담아 사용해야 하는 것으로서, 특히 소화기의 설치장소로서는 가정이라면 침실, 부엌, 어린이방, 계단, 거실등에 사업장의 경우에는 발화하기 쉬운 물품이 보관되어 있는 곳의 천장이나 벽에 설치해 두면 화재시 자동으로 초기 소화의 효과가 있는 것이다.As described above, the present invention is an embodiment, which is to be used in a glass ampoule of a fire extinguisher, and particularly, as an installation place of a fire extinguisher, a home, a bedroom, a kitchen, a children's room, a staircase, a living room, etc. If you install it on the ceiling or wall of the place where it is stored, the fire extinguishing will be effective automatically.
상기 소화제는 온도상승에 따라 반응하므로 진동등에 의한 반응은 없으며, 낙하하여 약제가 산포되더라도 인체에 대해 문제는 없는 발명인 것이다.Since the extinguishing agent reacts according to the temperature rise, there is no reaction due to vibration and the like, and even if the drug is dropped and scattered, the human body has no problem.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04141184A (en) * | 1990-10-02 | 1992-05-14 | Nippon Dry Chem Co Ltd | Fire extinguishing agent in soft capsule |
| WO1995001237A1 (en) * | 1993-06-29 | 1995-01-12 | Yasusuke Iwashita | Force control method in bar feeder of lathe |
| KR100259512B1 (en) * | 1998-05-26 | 2000-06-15 | 이선한 | Method for manufacturing evaporative extinguishant |
| JP2002085577A (en) * | 2000-09-19 | 2002-03-26 | Grand Forum:Kk | Automatic fire extinguishing device |
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- 2001-06-21 KR KR10-2001-0035344A patent/KR100436331B1/en active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04141184A (en) * | 1990-10-02 | 1992-05-14 | Nippon Dry Chem Co Ltd | Fire extinguishing agent in soft capsule |
| WO1995001237A1 (en) * | 1993-06-29 | 1995-01-12 | Yasusuke Iwashita | Force control method in bar feeder of lathe |
| KR100259512B1 (en) * | 1998-05-26 | 2000-06-15 | 이선한 | Method for manufacturing evaporative extinguishant |
| JP2002085577A (en) * | 2000-09-19 | 2002-03-26 | Grand Forum:Kk | Automatic fire extinguishing device |
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| KR20020097418A (en) | 2002-12-31 |
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