KR100433279B1 - Weed controlling method using poroligenous liquor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an environmentally friendly herbicidal method having the effect of reducing the amount of herbicide used by using wood herb solution with herbicides when cultivating crops, and a herbicide composition containing wood herb solution.

Description

Weeding method using wood vinegar {WEED CONTROLLING METHOD USING POROLIGENOUS LIQUOR}

The present invention relates to an environmentally friendly herbicidal method using wood herb solution with herbicides to reduce the amount of herbicide used. In particular, the present invention relates to an environmentally friendly herbicidal method for reducing the amount of herbicide used by using wood herb solution with herbicides in the cultivation of rice crops, and a herbicide composition containing wood herb solution.

In the case of cultivating crops, the damage caused by various pests is so large that a large amount of pesticides are sprayed each year for the control, and environmental pollution such as soil pollution caused by the spraying of a large amount of pesticides is a serious situation. There are many reports that residual pesticides have a fatal adverse effect on the entire ecosystem including humans when used and consumed. In particular, even in the cultivation of "rice" which is the main grain crop of Korea, the damage caused by the use of a large amount of herbicide is a serious situation.

Accordingly, environmental groups are calling for the expansion of organic farming methods and low-polluting crops, and there is a rapid increase in demand for organic and safe organic farm products from consumers. However, organic farming alone does not significantly increase the productivity of crops and control pests, and pesticide control methods using antagonistic microorganisms or low-pesticides are currently being studied, but have not yet achieved a great effect. In addition, many methods have recently been discussed regarding environmentally friendly farming methods such as environmentally-friendly farming and low-energy farming methods, but have not yet produced clear results and sometimes have many side effects as they are applied without scientific evidence. It's happening.

Thus, for the weeding of crops, especially Germineae crops, by reducing the number of application of herbicides and by spraying low-concentration herbicides, while having substantially the same herbicidal effect as compared to the application of only herbicides by conventional methods There is a need for environmentally friendly cultivation methods that can reduce production costs and reduce the concentration of residual herbicides.

In this regard, it has been known that wood vinegar is effective in controlling pests, germinating, promoting growth, increasing yield, and improving quality. Wood vinegar is a liquid obtained by capturing and cooling the smoke generated when carbonizing wood. Wood vinegar has a slightly different property depending on the carbonization method used and the type of carbon ash, but is generally acidic (about pH 3). In particular, the wood vinegar is composed of 10 to 20% of the organic compound, containing about 300 organic materials.

However, so far, specific studies using wood vinegar for specific crop cultivation have been insufficient. In particular, scientific studies on the efficacy of wood vinegar in cultivation of rice and crops, the main grain of Korea, have also been insufficient.

An object of the present invention is that, even when the amount of herbicide is reduced by mixing with herbicides when the herbicide is administered, the herbicidal effect is almost the same as that of the standard herbicide. There is little difference in the quality of rice, crops and crops, and it provides an environmentally friendly herbicide that reduces residual pesticides.

The present invention relates to an environmentally friendly herbicidal method characterized by reducing the amount of herbicide used by using herbicides together with wood herb solutions. That is, the present invention is an environmentally friendly herbicidal method that has a herbicidal effect substantially the same as when using a standard herbicide by reducing the amount of herbicide by mixing with herbicide when the herbicide is administered. It is about.

A preferred embodiment of the present invention relates to an environmentally friendly herbicidal method characterized by reducing the amount of herbicide used by using herbicides with vinegar liquor when growing a Gramineae crop.

A more preferred embodiment of the present invention relates to an environmentally friendly herbicidal method characterized by reducing the amount of herbicide used by using herbicides with herbicides in cultivating rice ( Oryza sativa L.) crops.

Another preferred embodiment of the present invention relates to an environmentally friendly herbicidal method characterized by the use of 250 to 500 times the amount of wood vinegar together with herbicides.

Another preferred aspect of the present invention is directed to an environmentally friendly herbicidal method which can reduce herbicide reference usage by 50% to 70% using wood herb solution.

The present invention also relates to herbicide compositions containing wood vinegar. Preferably, the present invention relates to a herbicide composition containing from 30 to 50% herbicide and wood vinegar.

As used herein, "herbicides" include herbicides commonly used as a control for annual and perennial weeds occurring in the cultivation of crops (eg, "Bensulfuron-metyl + Tiobencarb" and "Bentazone"). . At this time, about the basic usage amount of herbicide and usage, it follows the description of the manufacturer.

As used herein, the term "wood vinegar" includes both conventional and conventional wood vinegar.

As used herein, "using herbicides with herbicides" means that they can be mixed together with the herbicides or sprayed separately or separately, depending on the formulation of the herbicide used. For example, when the herbicide is granule, the herbicide can be first sprayed, and then the herbicide can be sprayed separately thereon. If the herbicide is an emulsion, the herbicide can be mixed with the wood herb solution and sprayed simultaneously.

In the following, the effect of the cultivation method of the present invention is shown through a concrete example using the environmentally friendly herbicidal method of the present invention in the cultivation of rice ( Oryza sativa L.).

-Rice ( Oryza sativa In the cultivation of L.), the herbicidal effect of wood vinegar-

This experiment was conducted in the pavement of Gyeongbuk Agricultural Research and Development Institute, a sandy loam soil, and the application amount was NP ₂ O ₅ -K ₂ O (11-7-8kg / 10a). The ratio of splitting was divided into three times: 50: 25: 25%, and two times Kali divided the ratio of 70: 30%, and phosphoric acid was used as the total amount. The seedlings were transferred to 30 × 14 cm after 10 days of sowing, and the pavement area was designed and transplanted to 20 m ² per experimental zone. Physicochemical properties of the test soil are shown in Table 1 below.

Physicochemical Properties of Test Soils pH (1: 5) O.M (g / kg) C.E.C (cmol / kg) Particle size analysis (%) Saturn Clay Silt sand 5.4 3.5 16.2 35.1 48.7 16.2 SCL

Unless otherwise stated, herbicides include "Bensulfuron-metyl + Tiobencarb" (trade name "Myung-Sang", Tong Yang Chemical Co., Ltd.) at baseline (100%), 50% of baseline and 30% of baseline. "Bentazone" (trade name "Bassagreen", Seongbo Chem) was used. The standard usage amounts of these herbicides are as described specifically for each manufacturer. When treating the herbicide described above, the herbicide was treated alone or mixed with wood vinegar.

Unless stated otherwise, 500 times of oak mechanical and conventional wood vinegar aged for 6 months was used as the wood vinegar, and the mechanical wood vinegar was used in the vinegar industry and the Kangwon vinegar industry. Commercially available in a real charcoal kiln was used. Specific contents, such as the components of these wood vinegar, are indicated in each manufacturer.

Specific treatment time and contents of the herbicides are shown in Table 2 below.

When and how to treat herbicides Processing time Processing content 7 and 25 days after transplant "Bensulfuron-metyl, Tiobencarb" 100% + Bentazone 100% "Bensulfuron-metyl, Tiobencarb" 100% + Bentazone 100% + Wood Vinegar "Bensulfuron-metyl, Tiobencarb" 50% + Bentazone 50% + wood vinegar "Bensulfuron-metyl, Tiobencarb" 30% + Bentazone 30% + Wood Vinegar 7 days after transplant "Bensulfuron-metyl, Tiobencarb" 100% "Bensulfuron-metyl, Tiobencarb" 100% + Vinegar "Bensulfuron-metyl, Tiobencarb" 50% + Vinegar "Bensulfuron-metyl, Tiobencarb 30%" + Vinegar No treatment

The survey was conducted on weeds, rice growth characteristics, and soil pesticide analysis. Specifically, weeds were irradiated with dry weight, live weight, plant species at 3 repetitions 45 days after herbicide treatment; For rice growth, soy sauce, sorghum, number of films per ear, ripening rate, weight in 1000 grains, number of grains, yield, etc. were examined in rice maturation; As a microbial test, protein, starch, amylose content, apparent taste (brown rice), alkali disintegration degree, taste, K / Mg ratio, etc. were examined using white rice; The soil residue of herbicides was also investigated.

The survey of yield and quantity components was carried out according to the Rural Agricultural Research Survey Criteria. The harvested rice was dried to 15% or less of moisture content and coated with brown rice and white rice. The KOH concentration was 1.4% using the inverted sample and treated for 23 hours at 30 ° C, and Little suggested Criteria {Little, RR, et al., "Differential effect of dilute alkali in 25 varieties of milled white rice", Cereal Chem. 35: 111-126, 1958}, the degree of alkali disintegration was investigated from 1 to 7 grades.

Protein analysis was performed as follows. About 0.2 g of white rice is used as a sample by the Micro Kjeldahal method, and then it is placed in a Kjeldahl flask, 2 drops of a decomposition accelerator (potassium sulfate: selenium) are added thereto, 10 ml of sulfuric acid is added thereto, and the flask is heated at 420 ° C. The mixture was heated slowly, boiled at elevated temperature until no carbide of the sample was visible, heated until the decomposition solution became transparent (about 1 to 2 hours), and then quantitatively analyzed in a Keldahal nitrogen / protein analyzer.

Starch measurements were performed as follows. 0.1 g of white rice was used as a sample, which was boiled in H Hepes buffer (20 mM) for 2 minutes at 100 ° C., finely ground using a mortar and then centrifuged at 14,000 rpm at 2 ° C. for 10 minutes. The precipitate was separated and used as a sample for sugar analysis. Starch content was measured using BM's sugar analysis kit, and the absorbance (Model spectrophotometer U-2001) was measured at 340 nm.

The amylose content analysis was performed by adding 1 ml ethyl alcohol and 9 ml of 1N NaOH to a test tube containing 100 mg of rice flour, voltex, leaving the mixture to stand at 60 ° C. for 20 minutes, then boiled in 100 ° C. boiling water for 10 minutes, and then After transferring to a measuring flask, 1 ml of 1N CH ₃ COOH and 2 ml of iodine solution were added thereto, and 100 ml of distilled water was added. The mixture was left to stand for 20 minutes, and then the coloring liquid was identified at a colorimetric 620 nm (Spectronic 20). Quantification by amylose standard curve.

In terms of the quality of rice, rice was divided into three types: brown rice, brown rice, green rice, and uncooked rice. 20g samples were randomly extracted and examined by 4 repetitions.

The taste test was carried out by a food measuring device (TOYO MB-90A) using a material in which brown rice was polished (90%).

Inorganic ion analysis, 0.5 g of a dry powder sample was put in a 250 ml Erlenmeyer flask, 10 ml of plant digestion solution was added, an Erlenmeyer flask was placed on a decomposition hotplate, and the temperature was raised to about 100 to 150 캜. The temperature was raised to 200 ° C. after adding 1-5 ml of hydrogen peroxide. Heat to 300 to 350 ° C. with hydrogen peroxide until yellow to clear color, filter with No. 6 to No. 7 filter paper, and finally increase the mass to 100 ml while pouring warm water. Taken and analyzed.

Soil residual test analysis of herbicides was performed as follows. In case of "Bensulfuron-metyl, Tiobencarb", 50 g of air-dried soil is added to 30-50 ml of 0.2M NH ₄ Cl aqueous solution and left for 20 minutes, followed by shaking with 100 ml of methanol for 1 hour, followed by suction filtration. About 30 ml of methanol was combined with the residue, the vessel washing and the filtrate. The extract, 50 ml of saturated saline, and 500 ml of distilled water was added to a 1 L aliquot, and the mixture was adjusted to pH 2. The mixture was extracted twice with 50 ml of dichloromethane, and then 10 g of prolisil and 2 g of anhydrous sodium sulfate were added. The packed column was washed with 10 ml of methanol, 5 ml of 0.15% phosphoric acid and 10 ml of acetonitrile, and then 3 ml of sample solution was added, followed by 10 ml of acetonitrile. The fraction was discarded, and 15 ml of 0.15 was discarded. Elution with% aqueous solution of phosphoric acid / methanol (1/9, v / v), concentrated to dryness at 45 ° C., and redissolved in 3 ml of acetonitrile / water / acetic acid (40/60 / 0.1, v / v / v) The solution was prepared as HPLC test solution. In the case of "Bentazone", 100 ml of distilled water was added to 50 g of air-dried soil, left for 30 minutes, and 100 ml of acetone was shaken for 1 hour, followed by suction filtration, and 50 ml of acetone was added to the residue and extracted again. After the mixture was concentrated and concentrated under reduced pressure, 150 ml of distilled water and 20 ml of saturated saline were added 1N-NaOH, and 70 ml of methylene chloride was added at pH 10. After shaking for 5 minutes, the solvent layer was discarded. The mixture was extracted with 70 ml of methylene chloride and discarded. Then, 70 ml of methylene chloride was added at pH 2, followed by shaking extraction for 5 minutes. The solvent layer was passed through anhydrous sodium sulfate layer. The aqueous layer was passed through a 70 ml aqueous methylene chloride anhydrous sodium sulfate layer again, concentrated under reduced pressure, methylated in a diazomethane generator, and then the above concentrated residue in a column filled with 10 g of prolysyl and 2 g of anhydrous sodium sulfate. Water was dissolved in n-hexane and transferred to the column. After distilling out with 30 ml of n-hexane + ethyl acetate (9: 1, v / v), eluting with 60 ml of n-hexane + ethyl acetate (8: 2, v / v), and concentrating under reduced pressure, It dissolved in 1 ml of acetone to prepare a GC test solution. Instrument and analysis conditions of this experiment are shown in Table 3 and Table 4 below.

HPLC analysis conditions HPLC system Waters 510 HPLC Waters 484 Absorption Sensor Adjustable Waters 740 Integrator HPLC column Waters Nova-Pak C8, 3.9mm ID × 150mm4㎛ Spherical Mobile phase Acetonitrile / water / acetic acid (40/60 / 0.1%, v / v / v) Flow rate 1 ml / min detection UV 235, 0.008 AUF, RT: 6.54 min Sample size 20 μl

Analytical Conditions of Gas Chromatography GC system HP5890, NPD GC column DB-17 (0.53mm ID × 10cm, 1.0㎛) Temperature Injection 250 ° C., column 190 ° C., detection 280 ° C. Injection volume 2 μl

1. Effect of Combined Treatment of Wood Vinegar and Herbicides on Annual and Perennial Weed Development

Table 5 shows the effects of a combination of mechanical wood herb and herbicide on annual weed development.

Specifically, in the case of "blood" of annual paddy field weeds, weed control values of the herbicides "Bensulfuron-metyl, Tiobencarb 100% + Bentazone 100%" and "Bensulfuron-metyl, Tiobencarb 100%" were 91.2% and 93%, respectively. Whereas being; The control values of the "Bensulfuron-metyl, Tiobencarb 50% + Bentazone 50% + Wood Vinegar" and "Bensulfuron-metyl, Tiobencarb 50% + Wood Vinegar" treatments were 92.1% and 91.2%, respectively, The herbicidal effect was almost the same as in the case of using only herbicide. Also, in the case of "Year" and "Tongsani" of annual paddy field weeds, both weed control values in "Bensulfuron-metyl, Tiobencarb 100% + Bentazone 100%" and "Bensulfuron-metyl, Tiobencarb 100%" treatments are 100% No weeds occurred; The control values of the "Bensulfuron-metyl, Tiobencarb 50% + Bentazone 50% + wood vinegar" and "Bensulfuron-metyl, Tiobencarb 50% + wood vinegar" treatments were 100% and 95.8%, respectively. It can be seen that the herbicidal effects are almost identical to each other compared with the case used. In addition, in the case of "blood", weed control of "Bensulfuron-metyl, Tiobencarb 100% + Bentazone 100%" treatment was 91.2%, whereas control of "Bensulfuron-metyl, Tiobencarb 100% + Bentazone 100% + wood herb solution" treatment Its herbicidal effect was better at 94.4%; The control value of the "Bensulfuron-metyl, Tiobencarb 100%" treatment was 93.0%, whereas the control value of the "Bensulfuron-metyl, Tiobencarb 100% + wood vinegar" treatment was 93.7%, which was better than the herbicide alone. In the case of the "Bensulfuron-metyl, Tiobencarb 30% + Bentazone 30% + wood vinegar" treatment, the control values of "Yang" and "Bangsani" were 91.6% and 98.1%, respectively.

Table 6 shows the effects of a combination of conventional herbicides and herbicides on annual weed development. The results of this test using conventional wood vinegar were almost the same as the results of using mechanical wood vinegar in Table 5, and the use of mechanical wood vinegar was found to be generally higher than that of conventional wood vinegar, but there was no significant difference.

Table 7 and Table 8 show the effects of the mixed treatment of herbicides and herbicides on perennial weeds, similar to the results in Tables 5 and 6, even in the case of the "all-season" and "you dongsaeng" belonging to the perennial paddy field weeds. It was effective to do.

Based on the results of these tests, the use of either mechanical or conventional wood vinegar, combined with the use of wood vinegar in the administration of herbicides, should reduce the use of herbicides (especially 50% or 70% of the baseline). By having almost the same herbicidal effect as when the herbicide was used, it can be seen that the mixing of wood vinegar in the annual and perennial weed control is excellent in the effect of reducing the amount of herbicide used.

Effect of Combined Treatment of Mechanical Wood Vinegar and Herbicides on Annual Weed Development Test drug blood Ever Bang Pattern (bone / m ² ) Building weight (g / m ² ) Control is ³ (%) Pattern (bone / m ² ) Building weight (g / m ² ) Control price (%) Pattern (bone / m ² ) Building weight (g / m ² ) Control price (%) Bensul ¹ 100% + Benta ² 100% 1.3 3.9 91.2 0 0 100 0 0 100 Bensul 100% + Benta 100% + Wood Vinegar 1.0 2.5 94.4 0 0 100 0 0 100 Bensul 50% + Benta 50% + Wood Vinegar 1.7 3.5 92.1 0 0 100 0 0 100 Bensul 30% + Benta 30% + Wood Vinegar 6.3 16.8 62.3 0.7 0.1 91.6 0.3 0.02 98.1 Bensul 100% 1.3 3.1 93.0 0 0 100 0 0 100 Bensul 100% + Vinegar 1.0 2.8 93.7 0 0 100 0 0 100 Bensul 50% + Vinegar 1.7 3.9 91.2 0.3 0.05 95.8 0 0 100 Bensul 30% + Vinegar 8.7 15.7 64.8 0.6 0.7 41.6 1.3 0.2 81.8 No treatment 13.7 44.6 - 2.7 1.2 - 4.3 1.1 -

{Wherein 1-"Bensul" is Bensulfuron-metyl + Tiobencarb; 2-"Benta" means Bentazone; 3-"Control" is (1-in the weed-generating building in the treatment zone / in the weed-generating building in the untreated zone) × 100}

Effect of Combined Treatment of Conventional Wood Vinegar and Herbicides on Annual Weed Development Test drug blood Ever Bang Pattern (bone / m ² ) Building weight (g / m ² ) Control is ³ (%) Pattern (bone / m ² ) Building weight (g / m ² ) Control price (%) Pattern (bone / m ² ) Building weight (g / m ² ) Control price (%) Bensul 100% + Benta 100% 1.3 3.9 90.7 0 0 100 0 0 100 Bensul 100% + Benta 100% + Wood Vinegar 0.7 2.7 93.6 0 0 100 0 0 100 Bensul 50% + Benta 50% + Wood Vinegar 2.3 3.6 91.4 0 0 100 0 0 100 Bensul 30% + Benta 30% + Wood Vinegar 8.0 19.4 54.0 0.7 0.2 83.3 0.7 0.09 87.1 Bensul 100% 1.3 3.2 92.4 0 0 100 0 0 100 Bensul 100% + Vinegar 1.7 2.8 93.3 0 0 100 0 0 100 Bensul 50% + Vinegar 2.7 4.1 90.2 0.3 0.2 83.3 0.3 0.01 89.5 Bensul 30% + Vinegar 6.3 21.4 48.2 0.7 0.7 41.6 0.3 0.04 94.2 No treatment 13.0 42.2 - 2.7 1.2 - 4.3 0.7 -

Effect of Combined Treatment of Mechanical Wood Vinegar and Herbicides on Perennial Weed Development Processing content All five You too Head water (bone / m ² ) Building weight (g / m ² ) Control price (%) Head water (bone / m ² ) Building weight (g / m ² ) Control price (%) Bensul 100% + Benta 100% 0 0 100 0 0 100 Bensul 100% + Benta 100% + Wood Vinegar 0.7 0.28 92.6 0 0 100 Bensul 50% + Benta 50% + Wood Vinegar 0 0 100 0 0 100 Bensul 30% + Benta 30% + wood vinegar 1.3 0.36 90.6 0.7 0.3 92.8 Bensul100% 0 0 100 0 0 100 Bensul 100% + vinegar solution 0 0 100 0 0 100 Bensul 50% + vinegar solution 1.0 0.3 92.1 1.3 0.7 83.3 Bensul 30% + vinegar solution 4.0 1.0 73.6 1.7 1.3 69.0 No treatment 14 3.8 - 12.7 4.2 -

Effect of Mixed Treatment of Conventional Wood Vinegar and Herbicides on Perennial Weed Development Processing content All five You too Head water (bone / m ² ) Building weight (g / m ² ) Control price (%) Head water (bone / m ² ) Building weight (g / m ² ) Control price (%) Bensul 100% + Benta 100% 0 0 100 0 0 100 Bensul 100% + Benta 100% + Wood Vinegar 0.7 0.25 95.9 0 0 100 Bensul 50% + Benta 50% + Wood Vinegar 0 0 100 0 0 100 Bensul 30% + Benta 30% + wood vinegar 0 0 100 0 0 100 Bensul100% 0.3 0.1 98.3 0.3 0.1 97.7 Bensul 100% + vinegar solution 0 0 100 0 0 100 Bensul 50% + vinegar solution 0.7 0.2 96.7 1.0 0.3 93.3 Bensul 30% + vinegar solution 2.7 0.8 87.1 1.0 0.3 93.3 No treatment 9 6.2 - 11.3 4.5 -

2. Effect of Mixed Treatment of Manufacturers and Wood Vinegar on the Growth of Blood by Draining Wood Vinegar

Table 9 shows different amounts of Stem F-34 (Cyhalofop-butyl + Bentazone), a herbicide for controlling blood, which is one of the annual rice weeds, and different concentrations of mechanical wood vinegar. This is the result of the investigation.

When 250 times of wood vinegar solution was used, regardless of the amount of herbicide used, the survival rate of blood was 0%, showing the best herbicidal effect. In addition, when the dilution rate was increased to 500 times and 1000 times the concentration of wood vinegar, the herbicidal effect was lower as the amount of herbicide used was lower than the standard amount. Furthermore, it can be seen that when "500 times herbicide + 50% herbicide" is used, it has the same herbicidal effect as the herbicide reference amount (100%) was treated even though 50% of the herbicide reference amount was reduced.

Effect of Mixed Herbicide and Wood Vinegar on Blood Growth Usage of herbicide ¹ Wood liquor drainage Live weight (g) ² Building weight (g) ² Survival Rate (%) ³ 100% 0 0 0 0 50% 1.41 0.33 60 25% 1.62 0.60 79 100% 250 0 0 0 50% 0 0 0 25% 0 0 0 100% 500 0 0 0 50% 0 0 0 25% 0.99 0.25 100 100% 1000 0 0 0 50% 1.03 0.28 70 25% 1.15 0.26 100 Control - 1.49 0.30 100

{Herein, 1. herbicides are Cyhalofop-butyl + Bentazone (trade name "genuine", Oriental Agro); 2. Live weight and dry weight based on control; 3. Survival rate = (treated water / surviving weeds) × 100}

3. Effects of Mixed Herbal and Herbicides on Soy and Sorghum in Rice

Table 10 shows the results of investigating the effects on the soy and sorghum of rice according to the types of wood vinegar (mechanical and conventional) and the level of herbicide treatment.

In the case of soy sauce, there was no difference between untreated and untreated herbicides, and mixed with wood herb solution at different amounts of herbicides. There was little difference between the mechanical and conventional wood vinegars. On the other hand, in the case of sorghum, sorghum decreased in the untreated group regardless of the type of vinegar solution. In all treatment groups except no treatment, sorghum was 19.1 to 20.9, and no significance was found between treatment treatments.

Effect of Combined Treatment of Wood Vinegar and Herbicides on Soy and Sorghum of Rice Processing content Wood vinegar (mechanical) Wood vinegar (conventional) Soy Sauce (cm) Sorghum () Soy Sauce (cm) Sorghum () Bensul 100% + Benta 100% 81.8a ^* 20.2a 81.7a 19.6a Bensul 100% + + Benta 100% + Wood Vinegar 81.7a 20.3a 81.0a 20.6a Bensul 50% + Benta 50% + Wood Vinegar 81.8a 19.1a 82.0a 18.5ab Bensul 30% + Benta 30% + Wood Vinegar 81.8a 19.4a 82.2a 19.5a Bensul 100% 80.9a 20.9a 80.0a 20.5a Bensul 100% + Vinegar 80.7a 20.3a 80.7a 20.1a Bensul 50% + Vinegar 82.4a 19.6a 82.6a 18.8a Bensul 30% + Vinegar 81.6a 19.3a 81.7a 19.4a No treatment 81.9a 16.0b 81.5a 16.1b

* The average followed by the same alphabet is not significantly different at the 5% level of DMRT.

4. Effect of Mixed Herbicide and Wood Vinegar on Rice Yield and Yield Components

Table 11 shows the results of the study on the effects of the mixed treatment of herbicide and wood vinegar on the yield component of rice (ie, number of films, ripening rate, grain weight, ear). In the untreated area, the number of films, ripening rate, and ear loss were decreased, but the grain weight was not decreased. Overall, it can be seen that there is no significant difference in the yield component of rice, in particular, when comparing the group treated with 50% herbicide and wood vinegar mixed with the herbicide and the group treated with 100% herbicide.

Effect of Combined Herbicide and Wood Vinegar Treatments on Rice Yield and Yield Components Treatment contents Number of movies (pieces / Isaac) Maturity rate (%) 1000 g (g) Number of heads (pieces / m ² ) Mechanical Conventional Mechanical Conventional Mechanical Conventional Mechanical Conventional Bensul 100% + Benta 100% 218.3 205.0 90 88 24.3 23.3 610 603 Bensul 100% + Benta 100% + wood vinegar 194.1 191.5 88 86 24.1 23.9 641 584 Bensul 50% + Benta 50% + Vinegar 212.0 202.0 82 83 23.3 24.0 598 579 Bensul 30% + Benta 30% + Vinegar 194.9 194.9 79 79 24.1 23.8 569 550 Bensul 100% 192.0 192.0 89 87 24.1 24.1 593 560 Bensul 100% + vinegar solution 217.0 203.3 89 87 23.8 24.1 603 593 Bensul 50% + vinegar solution 210.0 209.0 88 86 24.3 24.3 562 581 Bensul 30% + vinegar solution 201.0 210.0 78 83 23.5 24.2 571 562 No treatment 185.9 186.6 80 77 23.7 23.7 466 459

The bar graph below investigates the effect of the mixed treatment of herbicide and wood vinegar on rice yield. Regardless of the level of herbicide treatment, the yield of all types of herbicide treatment was higher than that of the no treatment. In addition, the herbicide treatment level was not significantly different according to the types of wood vinegar. In particular, the group treated with 50% herbicide and herbicide showed a slight decrease in yield compared to the group treated with 100% herbicide, but it was not recognized as a control, and treatment with wood herb could reduce the amount of herbicide used. I think it is. Even when 30% of herbicide and wood vinegar were mixed, the yield of the herbicide and wood vinegar can be clearly seen as in the case of weed control.

5. Effect of Mixed Herbicide and Wood Vinegar on Rice Quality

Table 12 shows the results of dividing the composition of wood vinegar by herbicide administration into grains, immature grains, damaged grains and snails using brown rice to investigate the effects of rice vinegar on the appearance of rice. Overall, the effect of herbicide treatment or the type of wood vinegar on rice appearance was not different.

For example, in the "Bensulfuron-metyl, Tiobencarb 100% + Bentazone 100%" treatment, the formulation rate was 87.7%, the unestablished rate was 6.0%, the damage rate was 5.8%, and the Sami rate was 0.2%; In the mixed treatment of "Bensulfuron-metyl, Tiobencarb 50% + Bentazone 50% + wood vinegar (if using mechanical wood vinegar)", the formulation rate was 90.8%, the unsettled rate 4.7%, the damage ratio 3.9%, and the Sami rate 0.2% Was; In the mixed treatment of "Bensulfuron-metyl, Tiobencarb 30% + Bentazone 30% + wood vinegar (if using mechanical wood vinegar)", the formulation rate was 87.7%, the unsettled rate was 7.6%, the damage ratio was 4.0%, and the Sami rate was 0.5%. As a result, no significant difference was observed.

Table 13 shows the results of investigating the effects of the mixed treatment of herbicide and wood vinegar on the rice microbial properties (protein, starch and amylose content). As a whole, as in Table 12, compared with the case of treating only herbicide and the case of mixing with wood vinegar, there was no significant difference in the rice quality.

For example, in the "Bensulfuron-metyl, Tiobencarb 100% + Bentazone 100%" treatment, the protein content is 7.0%, the starch (absorbance, 340nm) is 0.14, while the amylose content is 20.5%; The protein content in the mixed treatment of "Bensulfuron-metyl, Tiobencarb 50% + Bentazone 50% + wood vinegar" and "Bensulfuron-metyl, Tiobencarb 30% + Bentazone 30% + wood vinegar" (when using mechanical wood vinegar) ranged from 6.3% to 6.5 %, Starch (absorbance, 340nm) is 0.12, amylose content of 19.3% to 19.5%, slightly less protein, starch and amylose in the mixed treatment with wood vinegar, but no significant difference.

Effect of Herbicides and Wood Vinegar Mixtures on Appearance of Rice Treatment contents Formulations(%) Immature (%) % Damage Sami (%) Mechanical Conventional Mechanical Conventional Mechanical Conventional Mechanical Conventional Bensul 100% + Benta 100% 87.7 89.9 6.0 5.5 5.8 4.2 0.2 0.2 Bensul 100% + Benta 100% + wood vinegar 90.0 88.5 4.9 7.0 4.4 4.4 0.6 0.2 Bensul 50% + Benta 50% + Vinegar 90.8 84.9 4.7 9.3 3.9 5.1 0.2 0.6 Bensul 30% + Benta 30% + Vinegar 87.7 90.0 7.6 5.7 4.0 3.8 0.5 0.3 Bensul 100% 84.5 86.6 7.6 8.3 7.3 4.8 0.5 0.2 Bensul 100% + vinegar solution 86.8 87.8 8.0 7.3 4.4 4.6 0.4 0.3 Bensul 50% + vinegar solution 87.8 88.9 8.3 4.7 3.3 6.1 0.2 0.2 Bensul 30% + vinegar solution 87.3 85.9 9.1 9.6 3.1 4.2 0.2 0.0 No treatment 89.5 88.7 6.6 7.1 3.3 3.7 0.3 0.6

Effect of Mixed Herbicide and Wood Vinegar on Rice Quality Characteristics Treatment contents Protein content (%) Starch (absorbance, 340nm) Amylose Content (%) Mechanical Conventional Mechanical Conventional Mechanical Conventional Bensul 100% + Benta 100% 7.0 6.3 0.14 0.15 20.5 20.2 Bensul 100% + Benta + 100% + wood vinegar 6.3 6.4 0.14 0.15 21.9 19.6 Bensul 50% + Benta 50% + Vinegar 6.5 6.7 0.12 0.14 19.5 19.8 Bensul 30% + Benta 30% + Vinegar 6.3 6.8 0.12 0.13 19.3 19.9 Bensul 100% 6.4 6.5 0.10 0.15 20.1 21.4 Bensul 100% + vinegar solution 6.6 6.8 0.12 0.12 20.2 21.1 Bensul 50% + vinegar solution 6.4 7.0 0.14 0.12 19.5 19.8 Bensul 30% + vinegar solution 6.7 6.5 0.13 0.14 19.4 19.8 No treatment 7.1 7.2 0.12 0.13 19.5 19.3

6. Influence of Herbicide and Wood Vinegar Mixture on Rice Taste Characteristics

Table 14 shows the effects of the mixed treatment of herbicide and wood vinegar on rice taste characteristics.The results of comparison of food taste (analyzed using TOYO MB-90A), alkali decay rate and K / Mg ratio using white rice . In summary, even if the herbicide and wood vinegar mixed treatment, there was no difference in taste compared to the case of only herbicide treatment.

For example, the flavors in the "Bensulfuron-metyl, Tiobencarb 100%" and "Bensulfuron-metyl, Tiobencarb 100% + Bentazone 100%" treatments were 59.0% and 59.3%, respectively; "Bensulfuron-metyl, Tiobencarb 50% + Bentazone 50% + Herbicide", "Bensulfuron-metyl, Tiobencarb 30% + Bentazone 30% + Herbicide", "Bensulfuron-metyl, Tiobencarb 50% + Herbicide", and "Bensulfuron-metyl, Tiobencarb 30% + wood vinegar "(when using mechanical wood vinegar), the flavor of the mixed treatment ranged from 56.6% to 61.8%, there was no difference between these treatment groups.

Effect of Mixed Herbicide and Wood Vinegar on Rice Food Characteristics Treatment contents Food taste (%) Alkali Disintegration Degree (KOH 1-7) K / Mg ratio Mechanical Conventional Mechanical Conventional Mechanical Conventional Bensul 100% + Benta 100% 59.3 61.6 6.3 6.2 0.302 0.321 Bensul 100% + Benta + 100% + wood vinegar 58.0 59.3 6.4 5.9 0.287 0.263 Bensul 50% + Benta 50% + Vinegar 56.9 57.5 6.2 6.9 0.253 0.337 Bensul 30% + Benta 30% + Vinegar 56.6 52.1 5.9 6.8 0.297 0.314 Bensul 100% 59.0 57.5 6.8 6.2 0.298 0.288 Bensul 100% + vinegar solution 58.0 61.2 6.6 6.5 0.276 0.323 Bensul 50% + vinegar solution 56.8 59.9 6.1 6.6 0.364 0.251 Bensul 30% + vinegar solution 61.8 54.5 6.6 5.5 0.308 0.303 No treatment 58.4 57.6 6.4 6.4 0.264 0.273

7. Soil residue after herbicide treatment

Table 15 and Table 16 show the results of examining the amount of herbicide soil remaining on 60 and 100 days after herbicide treatment. As can be expected, it can be seen that the amount of herbicide remaining in the soil decreases as the amount of herbicide used decreases, as in the case of the group mixed with the wood herb solution.

Herbicide Soil Residues at 60 Days After Herbicide Treatment Processing content Bensulfuron-methyl, thiobencarb (ppm) Ventazone (ppm) Mechanical Conventional Mechanical Conventional Bensul 100% + Benta 100% 0.137 0.131 0.03 0.02 Bensul 100% + + Benta 100% + Wood Vinegar 0.115 0.107 0.03 <0.01 Bensul 50% + Benta 50% + Wood Vinegar 0.084 0.092 <0.01 <0.01 Bensul 30% + Benta 30% + Wood Vinegar 0.053 0.041 <0.01 <0.01 Bensul 100% 0.124 0.120 <0.01 <0.01 Bensul 100% + Vinegar 0.118 0.116 <0.01 <0.01 Bensul 50% + Vinegar 0.062 0.053 <0.01 <0.01 Bensul 30% + Vinegar 0.042 0.047 <0.01 <0.01 No treatment <0.005 <0.005 <0.01 <0.01

Herbicide Soil Residue at 100 Days after Herbicide Treatment Processing content Bensulfuron-methyl, thiobencarb (ppm) Ventazone (ppm) Mechanical Conventional Mechanical Conventional Bensul 100% + Benta 100% 0.019 0.017 <0.01 <0.01 Bensul 100% + + Benta 100% + Wood Vinegar 0.017 0.015 <0.001 <0.01 Bensul 50% + Benta 50% + Wood Vinegar 0.008 0.009 <0.01 <0.01 Bensul 30% + Benta 30% + Wood Vinegar <0.005 <0.005 <0.01 <0.01 Bensul 100% 0.016 0.017 <0.01 <0.01 Bensul 100% + Vinegar 0.018 0.016 <0.01 <0.01 Bensul 50% + Vinegar 0.007 0.006 <0.01 <0.01 Bensul 30% + Vinegar <0.005 <0.005 <0.01 <0.01 No treatment <0.005 <0.005 <0.01 <0.01

When the herbicidal method of the present invention is used for growing crops, particularly rice and crops (preferably rice), even if the amount of herbicide is reduced by using wood herb solution at the time of administration of the herbicide (in particular, 50% to It reduces herbicide usage by reducing herbicide usage by reducing herbicide usage by reducing herbicide usage by reducing herbicide usage. (E.g., quantity components of rice, taste, appearance, etc.), there is no difference.

Claims (7)

In the herbicidal method of using wood vinegar with herbicides, Depending on the formulation of the herbicide used, the wood vinegar is mixed with the herbicide and sprayed together or separately, respectively; The herbicidal method is used for the cultivation of Gramineae crops; The wood vinegar is 250 to 500 times the mechanical or conventional wood vinegar made from oak; The amount of herbicide used is a herbicidal method, characterized in that 30% to 50% of the amount used. The herbicidal method according to claim 1, wherein the rice crop is Oryza sativa L .. delete delete delete delete delete