KR100413474B1 - Method for manufacturing a photo-aligned layer of liquid crystal display device - Google Patents

Method for manufacturing a photo-aligned layer of liquid crystal display device Download PDF

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Publication number
KR100413474B1
KR100413474B1 KR10-1999-0006736A KR19990006736A KR100413474B1 KR 100413474 B1 KR100413474 B1 KR 100413474B1 KR 19990006736 A KR19990006736 A KR 19990006736A KR 100413474 B1 KR100413474 B1 KR 100413474B1
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alignment
photoalignment
agent
substrate
domain
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KR10-1999-0006736A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20000059288A (en
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송병덕
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엘지.필립스 엘시디 주식회사
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G02F1/13378—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation
    • G02F1/133788—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation by light irradiation, e.g. linearly polarised light photo-polymerisation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/1303—Apparatus specially adapted to the manufacture of LCDs

Abstract

본 발명에 따른 액정표시소자의 멀티도메인 배향막 제조방법은, 선택프린트부와 노광부로 구성된 광배향막 도포장치를 이용하여 기판 위에 선택적으로 제1광배향제를 도포한 후, 상기 광배향막 도포장치를 이용하여 상기 제1광배향제에 1차 배향광을 조사하여 제1도메인을 형성한다. 계속해서, 상기 광배향막 도포장치를 이용하여 기판 위에 선택적으로 제2광배향제를 도포한 후, 상기 광배향막 도포장치를 이용하여 상기 제2광배향제에 2차 배향광을 조사하여 제2도메인 이상의 광배향막을 제조한다.In the method for manufacturing a multi-domain alignment film of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention, after the first optical alignment agent is selectively coated on the substrate by using the optical alignment film coating device comprising the selective print portion and the exposure portion, the optical alignment film coating apparatus is used. Primary alignment light is irradiated to the first photoalignment agent to form a first domain. Subsequently, after selectively applying a second photoalignment agent on a substrate using the photoalignment film coating device, the second alignment light is irradiated to the second photoalignment agent using the photoalignment film coating device to light the second or more light. An alignment film is manufactured.

상기한 광배향막의 도포는, 배향제를 선택적으로 도포하기 위한 선택프린트부와 노광부로 구성되는 도포장치에 의해 수행된다.The above application of the photo-alignment film is performed by a coating device composed of a selective print portion and an exposure portion for selectively applying the alignment agent.

Description

액정표시소자의 멀티도메인 배향막 제조방법{METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A PHOTO-ALIGNED LAYER OF LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY DEVICE}METHODS FOR MANUFACTURING A PHOTO-ALIGNED LAYER OF LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY DEVICE

본 발명은 액정표시소자에 관한 것으로, 특히 멀티도메인 액정표시소자를 구현하기 위한 액정표시소자의 멀티도메인 배향막 제조방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device, and more particularly, to a method for manufacturing a multi-domain alignment layer of a liquid crystal display device for implementing a multi-domain liquid crystal display device.

최근, 액정표시소자의 광시야각을 구현하기 위한 방법으로, 액정의 배향방향을 결정하는 배향막을 광배향처리하여 멀티도메인(multi-domain)화 하는 것이 제안되고 있다.Recently, as a method for realizing a wide viewing angle of a liquid crystal display device, it has been proposed to multi-domain by performing an optical alignment process on an alignment film that determines an alignment direction of a liquid crystal.

도 1은 액정표시소자의 배향막을 광배향처리하여 멀티도메인을 형성하는 종래의 방법을 나타내는 도면으로서, 종래의 멀티도메인 형성방법은, 먼저 기판(100) 위에 배향제(110)를 도포하고(가), 배향제(110)의 상부에 홀을 갖는 광마스크(120)를 배치한 상태에서 자외선과 같은 배향광을 조사하여 제1도메인(A)을 형성한다(나). 이때, 광은 수직 또는 경사조사로 적어도 1회 이상에 한하여 조사된다. 계속해서, 광마스크(120)를 이동하여 재차 광조사하므로써 제2도메인(B)을 형성한다(다).FIG. 1 is a view showing a conventional method for forming a multi-domain by photoalignment of an alignment film of a liquid crystal display device. In the conventional multi-domain forming method, an alignment agent 110 is first applied onto a substrate 100 (a). In the state where the photomask 120 having a hole is disposed on the alignment agent 110, the first domain A is formed by irradiating alignment light such as ultraviolet rays (B). At this time, the light is irradiated at least once or more by vertical or oblique irradiation. Subsequently, the second mask B is formed by moving the photomask 120 and irradiating with light again (C).

비록 도면에는 2도메인에 한정하여 설명하였으나, 상기한 공정을 되풀이하면 원하는 만큼의 도메인수를 얻을 수 있다.Although the drawings are limited to 2 domains, the above process can be repeated to obtain as many domains as desired.

그러나, 상기한 광마스크를 이용하는 멀티도메인 형성방법은 아래와 같은 문제점을 갖는다.However, the multi-domain forming method using the optical mask has the following problems.

먼저, 마스크를 필요로 하기 때문에, (1) 마스크의 사용으로 인한 생산비의 증가, (2) 액정표시소자의 모델에 따른 다양한 종류의 마스크 필요, (3) 마스크의 광흡수로 인한 에너지 효율의 저하, (4) 기판에 반사된 광에 의한 도메인 크기, 위치 오차발생에 따른 수율의 저하 등과 같은 문제가 발생하게 되고, 더욱, 마스크와 기판 사이에 갭(gap)이 존재하기 때문에, (5) 갭제어 측정장치부 필요, (6) 갭제어 측정시간 소요로 인한 공정시간의 증가, (7) 접촉발생시 마스크 오염, (8) 접촉발생시 기판파손의 원인, (9) 경사노광시 갭의 미세한 불균일로 인한 도메인 형성 위치의 오차발생 및 그로인한 빛샘에 의해 수율, 품질저하 등과 같은 문제를 유발하게 된다.First, since a mask is required, (1) an increase in production costs due to the use of a mask, (2) various types of masks required according to the model of the liquid crystal display device, and (3) a decrease in energy efficiency due to light absorption of the mask. (4) problems such as domain size due to the light reflected on the substrate, a decrease in yield due to position error, and moreover, a gap is present between the mask and the substrate. (6) Increase of process time due to gap control measurement time required, (7) Mask contamination when contact occurs, (8) Cause of substrate damage when contact occurs, (9) Fine unevenness of gap during inclined exposure Due to the occurrence of errors in the domain formation position and the resulting light leakage causes problems such as yield, quality deterioration.

본 발명은 상기한 종래 기술의 문제점을 해결하기 위한 것으로, 광마스크를 사용하지 않고 멀티도메인 액정표시소자를 구현하기 위한 액정표시소자의 멀티도메인 배향막 제조방법을 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다.An object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a multi-domain alignment layer of a liquid crystal display device for implementing a multi-domain liquid crystal display device without using an optical mask.

상기한 목적을 달성하기 위하여 본 발명에 따른 액정표시소자의 멀티도메인 배향막 제조방법은, 먼저 선택프린트부와 노광부로 구성된 광배향막 도포장치를 이용하여 기판 위에 선택적으로 제1광배향제를 도포하는 단계와, 상기 광배향막 도포장치를 이용하여 상기 제1광배향제에 1차 배향광을 조사하여 제1도메인을 형성하는 단계와, 상기 광배향막 도포장치를 이용하여 상기 기판 위에 선택적으로 제2광배향제를 도포하는 단계와, 상기 광배향막 도포장치를 이용하여 상기 제2광배향제에 2차 배향광을 조사하여 제2도메인을 형성하는 단계로 이루어진다.In order to achieve the above object, a method of manufacturing a multi-domain alignment film of a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention comprises the steps of first applying a first photoalignment agent on a substrate by using an optical alignment film coating device comprising a selective print portion and an exposure portion; Irradiating primary alignment light to the first photoalignment agent using the photoalignment coating device to form a first domain, and selectively applying a second photoalignment agent on the substrate using the photoalignment coating device And irradiating secondary alignment light to the second photoalignment agent using the photoalignment film coating apparatus to form a second domain.

상기한 광배향막의 도포는, 배향제를 선택적으로 도포하기 위한 선택프린트부와 노광부로 구성되는 도포장치에 의해 수행된다. 이러한 두 부분은 독립된 2개의 별도 장치로 분리하는 것이 가능하고 이 두부분 사이를 기판이 오가며 상기한 방법에 의해 멀티도메인 배향막이 만들어 진다. 이 두 부분을 단일 구성할 경우 배향제의 도포 및 노광작업이 동시에 실시될 수도 있다.The above application of the photo-alignment film is performed by a coating device composed of a selective print portion and an exposure portion for selectively applying the alignment agent. It is possible to separate these two parts into two separate devices, and the substrate is moved between the two parts to form a multi-domain alignment film by the above method. When the two parts are composed of a single unit, the application and exposure of the alignment agent may be simultaneously performed.

도 1은 종래 광배향처리하여 멀티도메인 배향막을 형성하는 방법을 나타내는 도면.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a view showing a method of forming a multi-domain alignment film by conventional photoalignment treatment.

도 2는 본 발명에 따른 멀티도메인 배향막을 형성하는 방법을 나타내는 도면.2 shows a method of forming a multi-domain alignment film according to the present invention.

* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명 *Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

100, 200 ----- 기판100, 200 ----- substrate

110, 210 ----- 배향제110, 210 ----- Alignment agent

120 ----- 광마스크120 ----- photomask

이하, 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 도면을 참조하여 상세하게 설명한다.Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

도 2는 본 발명에 따른 액정표시소자의 멀티도메인 배향막 제조방법을 나타내는 도면으로서, 도면에 나타내듯이, 본 발명에 따른 멀티도메인 배향막 제조방법은, 먼저 기판(200) 위에 선택적으로 광배향제(210)를 도포하는 단계와, 상기 도포된 광배향제(210)에 배향광, 예를 들면 자외선을 조사하여 제1도메인을 형성하는 단계와, 기판(200) 위에 선택적으로 광배향제(210)를 도포하는 단계와, 상기 도포된 광배향제(210)에 배향광을 2차조사하여 제2도메인을 형성하는 단계로 이루어진다. 이때, 배향제의 도포는 잉크젯법을 사용하여 수행된다.2 is a view illustrating a method for manufacturing a multi-domain alignment layer of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention. Applying a light source, forming a first domain by applying alignment light, for example, ultraviolet light, to the applied photoalignment agent 210, and selectively applying a photoalignment agent 210 on the substrate 200. And secondly irradiating the oriented light onto the applied photoalignment agent 210 to form a second domain. At this time, the application of the alignment agent is carried out using the inkjet method.

이렇게 완성된 도메인들은 그 배향방향이 서로 달라 액정의 배향상태를 다르게 조절하는 것이 가능하게 된다. 도면에서는 2도메인 만을 언급하였으나 4도메인 또는 그 이상의 멀티도메인도 위와 같은 방법을 되풀이하여 만들 수 있다.The completed domains have different orientation directions, and thus, it is possible to control different alignment states of the liquid crystals. Although only two domains are mentioned in the drawing, four domains or more multi-domains can be created by repeating the above method.

비록 도면으로 나타내지는 않았지만, 상기한 멀티도메인 배향막의 제조는 이하의 장치를 사용하므로써 구현된다.Although not shown in the drawings, the above-described manufacture of the multidomain alignment film is implemented by using the following apparatus.

본 장치는 배향제의 선택프린트부와 노광부로 구성되는데, 이 두 부분을 기판이 자동 또는 수동으로 오가며 상술한 방법에 의해 멀티도메인 배향막을 형성한다. 두 부분 사이에는 다른 목적의 장치 부분이나 장치가 단수 또는 복수개 설치될 수도 있으며, 배향제 프린트시 노광을 동시에 실시하도록 구성할 경우 이 두 부분이 일체로 형성될 수도 있다.The apparatus comprises a selective print portion and an exposed portion of an alignment agent, and the two portions are automatically or manually moved between substrates to form a multi-domain alignment layer by the above-described method. Between the two parts, a single part or a plurality of device parts or devices of different purposes may be provided, and the two parts may be integrally formed when the alignment agent is configured to perform exposure simultaneously.

이하, 상기한 선택프린트부 및 노광부를 상세하게 설명한다.The above-described selective print section and exposure section will be described in detail below.

먼저, 본 발명에 따른 선택프린트부는 노즐 또는 헤드(head)와 같은 배향제토출부와, 스테이지(stage) 또는 지그(jig)와 같은 기판고정부와, 배향제가 원하는 위치에 프린트되도록 기판, 기판고정부, 또는 노즐부를 움직이는 구동부로 나뉘어지고, 이에 필요한 각 제어계, 구동계, 소프트웨어 및 하드웨어, 기판반송부, 및 유틸리티를 포함한다. 이때, 배향제토출부는 복수로 형성될 수 있으며 토출 방식은 피에조분사방식, 버블분사방식, 열전사방식, 또는 도트프린트방식으로 접촉하여 프린트하는 방법 등이 사용될 수 있다. 또한, 프린트 위치 구동부는 수백㎛ 이상, 수십Å 이하의 정밀도로 장치 운용자가 소프트웨어 또는 하드웨어 상에 임의로 설정한 곳에 배향제를 선택적으로 위치시키는 모든 방법을 포함한다. 구동은 기판 상의 어느 위치든지 임의로 지정하여 프린트 할 수 있도록 2축 구동(X, Y 또는 r, θ)으로 하고, 필요에 따라 본 발명에 따른 방법의 구현을 돕는 구동축을 추가로 가질 수 있다. 기판과 기판고정부는 고정하고 배향제토출부를 구동하는 방법, 이와는 반대로 배향제토출부를 고정하고 기판과 기판고정부를 구동하는 방법, 또는 상기 두 부분에 구동을 분배하여 가하는 방법이 있을 수 있다. 추가로, 프린트 위치 구동부와 배향제토출부의 기준위치와 기판의 기준위치와의 정렬을 위한 장치도 포함된다.First, the selective print unit according to the present invention, an alignment agent discharge unit such as a nozzle or a head, a substrate fixing unit such as a stage or a jig, and a substrate, substrate height such that the alignment agent is printed at a desired position. It is divided into a government unit or a driving unit moving the nozzle unit, and includes each control system, drive system, software and hardware, a substrate conveying unit, and a utility required for this. At this time, the alignment agent discharge portion may be formed in a plurality, and the discharge method may be a piezoelectric injection method, a bubble injection method, a thermal transfer method, or a method of printing in contact with the dot print method and the like. In addition, the print position driver includes all methods for selectively positioning the alignment agent at a place arbitrarily set by the device operator on software or hardware with a precision of several hundreds of micrometers or more and several tens of micrometers or less. The drive is a two-axis drive (X, Y or r, θ) so that any position on the substrate can be specified and printed, and may further have a drive shaft to assist in the implementation of the method according to the invention as necessary. There may be a method of fixing the substrate and the substrate fixing part and driving the alignment agent discharge unit, and conversely, a method of fixing the alignment agent discharge unit and driving the substrate and the substrate fixing unit, or a method of distributing driving to the two parts. In addition, an apparatus for aligning the reference position of the print position driver and the alignment agent ejection portion with the reference position of the substrate is also included.

본 발명에 따른 노광부는 배향광을 조사하는 부분으로, 광원, 광학계, 기판고정부 및 반송부로 구성된다. 배향광의 조사는 기판 상의 조사면적 전체를 한 번에 조사할 수도 있고, 필요에 따라 분할 조사할 수도 있다. 분할조사는 조사 필요면적보다 광의 유효면적의 크기가 작은 경우로 스캔방식으로 전면을 조사할 수 있고, 스텝방식으로 이동하며 조사할 수도 있다. 스캔 또는 스텝방식의 경우 구동부는 광학계 또는 기판측일 수 있다. 또한, 수직입사각(tilt angle)을 변경하는 장치, 수평입사각(azimuthal angle)을 변경하는 장치가 포함될 수 있다.The exposure part which concerns on this invention is a part which irradiates an orientation light, and consists of a light source, an optical system, a board fixing part, and a conveyance part. The irradiation of the alignment light may irradiate the entire irradiation area on the substrate at once, or may be dividedly irradiated as necessary. Partial irradiation is a case where the effective area of light is smaller than the required area for irradiation, and the whole surface can be irradiated by a scan method, or can be irradiated with a step method. In the case of a scan or step method, the driving unit may be an optical system or a substrate side. Also, a device for changing the vertical tilt angle and a device for changing the horizontal azimuthal angle may be included.

그리고, 상기한 광배향제로는 일반적인 광배향제, 예를 들면 PVA, cinnamate계 등이 사용될 수 있다.As the photo-alignment agent, a general photo-alignment agent, for example, PVA, cinnamate system, or the like may be used.

본 발명에 따른 액정표시소자의 멀티도메인 배향막 제조방법에 따르면, 잉크젯방법으로 선택적으로 배향제를 도포하고 배향광을 조사하여 멀티도메인 배향막을 형성하므로써, 종래 마스크의 존재로 필요했던 장치부를 간소화 할 수 있고, 마스크와 갭 사이의 제어가 필요없게 되어 그에 따라 비용을 감소시킬 수 있으며, 또한 배향제어 장치부가 간소화되어 간단한 공정으로 고수율의 멀티도메인 배향막을 제조할 수 있다.According to the method for manufacturing a multi-domain alignment layer of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention, by applying the alignment agent selectively by the inkjet method and irradiating the alignment light to form a multi-domain alignment layer, the device portion required by the presence of the mask can be simplified. In addition, the control between the mask and the gap can be eliminated, thereby reducing the cost, and the orientation control device can be simplified to manufacture a high yield multi-domain alignment film in a simple process.

Claims (7)

선택프린트부와 노광부로 구성된 광배향막 도포장치를 이용하여 기판 위에 제1광배향제를 선택적으로 도포하는 단계와,Selectively applying the first photoalignment agent onto the substrate by using the photoalignment film coating apparatus including the selective print portion and the exposure portion; 상기 광배향막 도포장치를 이용하여 상기 제1광배향제에 1차 배향광을 조사하여 제1도메인을 형성하는 단계와,Irradiating primary alignment light to the first photoalignment agent using the photoalignment film coating apparatus to form a first domain; 상기 광배향막 도포장치를 이용하여 상기 기판 위에 제2광배향제를 선택적으로 도포하는 단계와,Selectively applying a second photoalignment agent on the substrate using the photoalignment film coating apparatus; 상기 광배향제 도포장치를 이용하여 상기 제2광배향제에 2차 배향광을 조사하여 제2도메인을 형성하는 단계로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 하는 액정표시소자의 멀티도메인 배향막 제조방법.And forming a second domain by irradiating a second alignment light to the second photoalignment agent by using the photoalignment agent coating device. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 제1,제2광배향제를 선택적으로 도포하는 단계는 버블분사에 의해 수행되는 것을 특징으로 하는 액정표시소자의 멀티도메인 배향막 제조방법.The method of claim 1, wherein the selectively applying the first and second photo-alignments is performed by bubble spraying. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 제1,제2광배향제를 선택적으로 도포하는 단계는 피에조분사에 의해 수행되는 것을 특징으로 하는 액정표시소자의 멀티도메인 배향막 제조방법.The method of claim 1, wherein the step of selectively applying the first and second photo-alignments is performed by piezo spraying. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 제1,제2광배향제를 선택적으로 도포하는 단계는 열전사 도트 프린트방식에 의해 수행되는 것을 특징으로 하는 액정표시소자의 멀티도메인 배향막 제조방법.The method of claim 1, wherein the selectively applying of the first and second optical alignment agents is performed by a thermal transfer dot printing method. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 선택프린트부는 노즐 또는 헤드와 같은 배향제토출부와, 스테이지 또는 지그와 같은 기판고정부와, 배향제가 원하는 위치에 도포되도록 기판, 기판고정부, 또는 노즐부를 움직이는 구동부로 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 액정표시소자의 멀티도메인 배향막 제조방법.The method of claim 1, wherein the selective print portion comprises an alignment agent discharge portion such as a nozzle or a head, a substrate fixing portion such as a stage or a jig, and a driving unit moving the substrate, substrate fixing portion, or nozzle portion so that the alignment agent is applied at a desired position. Method for producing a multi-domain alignment film of the liquid crystal display device, characterized in that configured. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 노광부는 상기 1차 배향광 및 2차 배향광을 조사하기 위해 광원, 광학계, 기판고정부, 반송부로 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 액정표시소자의 멀티도메인 배향막 제조방법.The method of claim 1, wherein the exposure part comprises a light source, an optical system, a substrate fixing part, and a conveying part to irradiate the primary alignment light and the secondary alignment light. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 1차 배향광 또는 2차 배향광은 자외선인 것을 특징으로 하는 액정표시소자의 멀티도메인 배향막 제조방법.The method of claim 1, wherein the primary alignment light or the secondary alignment light is an ultraviolet ray.
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