KR100411763B1 - External Fixator with built-in wedge locking system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an extracorporeal fixation apparatus used in surgical procedures. Due to the length of the skeleton is a mechanism used for stretching and correction. It comprises a pair of upper and lower pin clamps for holding a plurality of pin screws (clamp); An extension rod capable of adjusting a length coupled to a pair of upper and lower tubular members centered on a central axis screw; A degree of freedom control means for controlling the rotation and movement of the pin clamps in various axes; Fracture treatment, bone correction, and bone stretching by using a method of fixing the correct calibration position by rotating the x, y, z axis in the degree of freedom control means by tightening the wrench of the locking wrench assembly. It is an in vitro fixation device that simplifies the procedure.

Description

External Fixator with built-in wedge locking system

The present invention is a damaged skeletal structure using the locking mechanism of the wedge, the joint of the skeleton at the time of fracture (simple fracture and complex fracture) of the long bone (Tibia, Femur, Forearm, etc.), the length of the skeleton due to malformation (dwarf disease) of the bone (Iii) and an extracorporeal fixation apparatus used for calibration.

Conventional fixation apparatus for conventional fracture treatment, bone correction and bone distraction include EBI method, Hoffman method, and Ilizarov method.

EBI-type external fixation mechanism has high fixation strength by fixing pin clamp and housing by using eccentricpin and universal ball joint. The adjustment bar is composed of a single structure in a straight line to facilitate the alignment of the fractured bones, but the adjustment of the length and angle is limited, and when stretching the length of the leg skeleton to 5 cm or more, due to muscle strength and structural problems There is a problem that the fixed effect is poor; The Hoffman IVF uses pins that penetrate the legs. The problem is that the structure is complex. In addition, the Ilizarov-type IVF uses a ring-shaped mold and pins, so it is difficult to operate because four length adjusting devices are used for length extension.

An object of the present invention is the joint of the skeleton during fracture (simple fracture and complex fracture) of the long bone (Tibia, Femur, Forearm, etc.) due to accident; Skeletal length elongation and correction due to congenital and acquired bone malformations (dwarf disorders) result in different patients from different situations. At this time, the present invention widens the limit width of the rotational and distraction length of several axes in order to ensure that the operator does not have mechanical limitations during the procedure; By operating the locking device at once, the conventional complicated procedure is simplified. In addition, a safety device is provided to prevent distortion during fixation in the unidirectional and axial directions, and the gauge is used to finely read the adjustment of the length during bone distraction for the extension of the skeleton. To provide an extracorporeal fixation device for fracture therapy, bone correction and bone stretching that enhances the stability of the bone.

Figure 1 of Figure 1 is a front view and an upper longitudinal section of the in vitro fastening mechanism consisting of the upper and lower symmetry according to the present invention.

2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A of FIG.

2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B in FIG.

Figure 4 of Figure 3 is a front view illustrating a simple fracture correction of the tibia (Tibia).

3 of FIG. 3 is a front view illustrating the correction of a parallel transverse displacement fracture situation.

Figure 3 of Figure 3 is a front view illustrating the bone stretching of the longitudinal correction of the dwarf disease. Figure 4 of Figure 4 is an exploded cross-sectional view of the lock wrench assembly. Figure 8 of Figure 4 is an exploded cross-sectional view of the degree of freedom control means.

In order to achieve the object of the present invention, the mechanism includes a pair of pin clamps each of the upper and lower pins for fixing a plurality of pin screws; Stretch bar can be adjusted in length up and down; Gauge block for accurately reading the length of the stretch; Degrees of freedom adjusting means for adjusting the rotation and movement of the pin clamp on both ends of the telescopic adjustment rod; An extracorporeal fixation apparatus for fracture treatment, bone correction, and osteotomy is provided, characterized by a method of simultaneously tightening a wrench at the same time.

Hereinafter, the configuration will be described in detail according to the embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings an in vitro fastening mechanism that is robust and simplified the procedure according to the present invention.

1 is a front view and a cross section of the distraction adjusting rod according to the present invention; 2 is a side view A-A section; 3 is a top view B-B cross section; 7 is an exploded section of the lock wrench assembly; 7 is an exploded cross-sectional view of the degree of freedom control means.

1 shows a pair of upper and lower pin holders 13 for fixing a plurality of pin screws 14, a tubular member 3 for supporting the pin holders 13, and a center of the tubular member 3 as a center. A stretch adjusting rod part 1, a stretch length reading gauge block 8, etc. coupled to the shaft screw 2 are shown.

FIG. 2 shows an angle adjusting means 9 capable of inverting the pin holder 13 in the x-, y-, and z-axis directions, and a locking wrench bolt assembly 12 for fixing the three axes at once.

Each pin clamp 13 includes a pin holder body 15 having a plurality of pin insertion grooves 13a and a pin holder cover having a plurality of pin insertion grooves 13a corresponding to the pin insertion grooves 13a. 10).

The surface of the pin insertion groove 13a coupled to the pin screw 14 in the pin holder body 15 has a slope of the value of @ relative to the y axis C and C '. The tilt value gives the U-shaped in vitro fixator as close to the skin as possible to give a sense of stability.

The pin holder body 15 has a screw hole 16 penetrating in the x-axis (B ') direction and the pin clamp cover 10 penetrates in the x-axis direction corresponding to the screw hole 16. The screw through hole 17 is perforated in the form of two heads of the set screw 18.

In the process of fixing the pin screw 14 to the pin clamp 13, the gap between the pin holder body 15 and the cover 10 is widened by relaxing the fixing screw 18 fastened to the screw hole 17 Insert the desired number of pin screws 14 therebetween so that the rod is located in the pin insertion groove 13a, and then tighten the fixing screw 18 so that the pin holder body 15 and the cover 10 are mutually While being in close contact with each other, the rod-shaped portion of the pin screw 14 is fixed while being inserted into the pin insertion groove 13a. At this time, since the direction of the pin pins 14 fixed by the pin insertion groove 13a is fixed, it is possible to always fix it at an accurate angle.

Here, the number and spacing of the pin screws 14 fixed to each pin clamp 13 is to insert the desired number of pin screws 14 in the desired position among the five pin insertion grooves 13a and fix them by the above-described method. Is determined by.

The head of the fixing screw 18 is formed with a tool groove for inserting and turning a tool such as a hexagon or square wrench (wrench).

The pin holder body 15 has a tool groove penetrating the pin holder cover 10 so that a tool such as a pin spanner can be inserted to turn the angle adjusting means 9.

The pin holder body 15 has an area in which the xy axis fixing body 21 can rotate ± 45 ° about the y axis C and is fan-shaped around the y axis C at the rear side. It has a U-shape and has a hinged perforation, which is the y-axis (C) of engagement and rotation on the upper and lower sides, and is coupled with the xy-axis fixing body (21).

The upper perforation of the pin holder body 15 can move through the head of the locking wrench bolt 19 up and down, and the lower perforation is the same as the two head shape of the locking wrench nut 20 so that the locking wrench bolt 19 is tightened. When the lock wrench nut 20 to prevent the rotation and uplift.

The xy-axis fixed body 21 also has a cross-shaped tunnel in the center thereof (see FIG. 2 of FIG. 2). The y-axis (C) tunnel coincides with the center of the y-axis (C) top and bottom perforations of the pin holder body 15, and the x-axis (B ') tunnel is the x of the xz-axis fixing body 24. Coincides with the center of the axis B 'perforation 27.

The upper and lower perforations of the pin holder body 15 and the cross tunnel of the xy-axis fixing body 21 serve as the center of the hinge when the xy-axis rotation of the degree of freedom control means 9 and the lock wrench combination 12 When releasing and tightening, perform the guide role.

The lock wrench bolt 19 passes through the upper perforation of the pin holder body 15 and y of the trapezoidal cylindrical wedge 28 located in the perforation above the y-axis (C) tunnel of the xy-axis fixing body 21. The male threaded portion of the lock wrench bolt 19 passes through the central hole in the shaft; The pin holder body penetrates the y-axis center co-tightening drilling of the xz-axis locking portion 25 aligned in the x-axis (B ') direction with the x-axis (B') tunnel of the xy-axis fixing body 21 ( 15) is fastened to the lock wrench nut 20 coupled to the lower perforated part.

The xz-axis locking portion 25 aligned in the x-axis (B ') direction has a convex semi-cylindrical upper arc surface located in the inner front portion of the y-axis (C) -direction perforation in close contact with the comb surface of the wedge 28. When the head tool groove of the locking wrench bolt 19 is turned in the tightening direction by inserting a tool such as a hexagon or a square wrench into the groove, the force generated in the vertical direction of the y axis is connected to the x axis force in the horizontal direction. It is transmitted with a fixed force on the z axis that is collinear. As a result, the locking action of the degree of freedom control means 9 occurs at the same time on the x, y, z axis.

The upper perforated lower portion of the pin holder body 15 has a shankdong area for rotation and fixation of the xy axis fixed body 21, and the y-axis (C) fixed crown gear on the upper perforated lower part of the pin holder body 15. Part 22 has a role of maintaining the y-axis rotational position by engaging the y-axis (C) fixed crown gear portion 22 of the bottom of the xy-axis fixed body 21 corresponding to each other when the locking wrench assembly 12 with the locking action Doing; The rear surface of the x-axis (B ') also has an x-axis fixed crown gear portion 23, which is engaged with the x-axis fixed crown gear portion 23 located on the front of the corresponding xz-axis fixed body 24 to maintain the x-axis rotation position. It plays a role.

The xz-axis fixing body 24 is inserted into the xz-axis locking portion 25 of the locking wrench coupling body 12 and the perforated portion protruding from the z-axis fixing body 26 in the x-axis (B ') direction. There is a perforation 27. And the perforation 27 serves as a guide of the z-axis fixed body 26 when the front periphery inner peripheral surface projection of the z-axis fixed body 26 is pulled to the x-axis by the rear outer peripheral surface projection of the xz-axis locking portion 25. .

The z-axis fixed body 26 has a perforation that can be inserted into the perforated portion 27 in which the xz-axis locking portion 25 is protruded, so that the z-axis fixed body 26 can be combined with the lock wrench assembly 12; An insertion hole having the same size as the outer circumferential surface of the tubular member 3 penetrates into the inner surface in the z-axis A direction.

In the fixed z-axis position of the z-axis fixing body 26 and the xz-axis fixing body 24 when the xz-axis locking part 25 is pulled in the z-axis direction, the inside of the rear side of the xz-axis locking part 25 is fixed. Distance between the concave semicircular surface and the tubular member 3 becomes narrow, and at the same time, the concave semicircular surface of the rear surface of the z-axis insertion hole of the xz-axis fixing body 24 is brought into close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the front side of the tubular member 3 to generate a repulsive force It is fixed.

The stretching shaft (1) of the z-axis (A) has a central shaft screw (2) is inserted into the upper and lower tubular members (3) to which the stretching apparatus (4) is coupled, the expansion and contraction is possible. Hereinafter, since the tubular member 3 is symmetrical up and down, the tubular member will be described based on the tubular member on the upper side.

The lower outer circumferential surface of the tubular member 3 has a protruding guide projection surface 6-1, and one fixed set screw 7 is coupled thereto.

The tubular member is coupled to the upper surface of the expansion and adjustment compression nut (5) and the upper inner surface of the distraction cover (6) in contact with the guide projection surface (6-1) when rotating the stretching device (4) The extension adjusting compression nut (5) is equipped with a female screw that is screwed into the central shaft screw (2), and is stretched by turning in a loosening direction or tightening direction using a square or hexagon spanner. Adjustment is possible.

On the upper side of the tubular member 3, there is a perforation to which a tool such as a pin spanner can be inserted so as to fix the tubular member 3 when the distraction adjusting compression nut 5 is rotated.

When fixing the extension through three or more perforations on the outer circumferential surface of the extension cover 6, a tool such as a hexagon or a square wrench is tightened into a tool groove in the head of the fixed set screw 7. When turned in the direction, the center axis screw (2) is in close contact with the inner surface of the z-axis of the groove (2-1) to increase the anti-twisting and fixing force of the tubular member when stretching.

The outer diameter of the central shaft screw (2) coincides with the inner diameter of the tubular member (3) and the outer circumferential side of the central shaft screw (2) is a groove for limiting the length for the coupling of the fixed set screw (7) In order to prevent z-axis deviation of the tubular member 3, the grooves 2-1 are dug up and down as much as the stretch length region of the tubular member 3, respectively.

The male screw portion of the central shaft screw 2 is a trapezoidal screw having a pitch of 1 to 5 mm or more, and can extend the movement of the stretching length with a small number of revolutions of the stretching device 4.

FIG. 1 is a U-shaped stretch length reading gauge block 8 of FIG. 1, which is coupled between the movements of the upper and lower tubular members 3 so as to read minutely the stretch length adjustment and the central screw 2 and the expansion nut 5 This is to prevent backlash between them.

The stretch length reading gauge block 8 can be finely adjusted by changing the length of the z-axis direction in steps of various lengths 8-1 of 0.1 mm to 60 mm or more or using a plurality of them in combination.

A numerical value is written in the extension length reading gauge block 8.

The mechanical effects of the dynamization functions of the in vitro fixation mechanism are illustrated as before and after the procedure in FIGS. 4, 5, and 6.

Figure 4 of Figure 3 is a fracture treatment to correct simple fractures of the tibia (Tibia).

Figure 5 of Figure 3 is a fracture treatment to correct parallel transverse displacement fracture.

Figure 6 of Figure 3 is bone stretching through the longitudinal correction of the dwarf disease.

The present invention is a damaged skeletal structure, mainly when the bones (Tibia, Femur, Forearm, etc.) fractures (simple fractures and complex fractures) of the bone joints, bone length elongation (correction) and correction due to malformations (dwarf disease) The combination of the fixed pin screw, expansion rod, angle adjusting means, etc. is firmly secured, and the pin clamps on both ends can be rotated and moved in multiple axes to simplify the procedure by simplifying the tightening of the wrench once. It is an in vitro fixation device with excellent effect of correcting and conquering.

Claims (11)

Locking wrench assembly 12 for fixing the degree of freedom adjustment means 9 of the pin clamp 13 corrected for each bone piece at a time by the locking method of the wedge, the extension rod 1 for adjusting the length up and down, and the extension length An orthopedic extracorporeal fixation device, characterized in that it consists of a distraction length reading gauge block (8) for reading. The lock wrench assembly of claim 1, wherein the locking wrench assembly includes an xz-axis locking portion (25) having a perforation portion formed in the y-axis (C) direction, a simultaneous tightening wedge (28) inserted into the perforation portion, and a locking wrench for tightening the wedge. In vitro fastening mechanism, characterized in that consisting of a bolt (19) and a nut (20). 3. The in vitro fastening mechanism according to claim 2, wherein the outer circumferential surface of the simultaneous tightening wedge (28) is in the shape of a wedge and the center portion is perforated. According to claim 1, wherein the z-axis fixed body 26 of the degree of freedom control means (9) is inserted through the tubular member 3 is inserted through the z-axis rotation and the xz-axis locking portion 25 is inserted An extracorporeal fixation mechanism, characterized in that it is a binding projection puncture (27) that is bound and rotated on the x axis. The method according to claim 2 or 4, wherein the xz-axis locking portion 25 of the locking wrench assembly 12 corresponds to the outer circumferential projection that is engaged with the binding projection (27) and the surface of the simultaneous tightening wedge (28) In vitro fastening mechanism, characterized in that the inner projection is formed with a perforation. 5. The xz-axis fixing body 24 of the degree of freedom adjusting means 9 is a concave circumferential surface in close contact with the x-axis (B ') fixed crown gear portion 23 and the tubular member (3). And an insertion hole which is inserted and fastened in the x-axis direction of the z-axis fixing body 26. 6. The xy-axis fixing body 21 of the degree of freedom adjusting means 9 is fixed crown gear portion corresponding to the fixed crown gear portion of the xz-axis fixing body 24 and the pin fixing stand body (15). In vitro fixation mechanism, characterized in that the locking wrench coupling body 12 is inserted. The pin insertion groove surface 13a of the pin holder body 15 is inclined at an acute angle on the z-axis (D), and has a tool screw orthogonal to the fixing screw groove and the pin insertion groove surface 13a. The y-axis fixed crown gear portion coupled to the y-axis (C) fixed crown gear portion 22 of the xz-axis fixed body 24 and the lock wrench bolt 19 and the lock wrench nut 20 are inserted. In vitro fixation device, characterized in that the perforation. The expansion adjusting compression nut (1) according to claim 1, wherein the expansion adjusting rod (1) is coupled to the central shaft screw (2) with a tubular member (3) which is vertically symmetrical, and coupled with the guide projection surface (6-1) of the tubular member. 5) and the cover 6, and the fixed set screw (7), the expansion and adjustment compression nut (5) has a female thread corresponding to the central shaft screw (2), the cover (6) said fixed set In vitro fastening mechanism, characterized in that there is a perforation through which the screw (7) penetrates. 10. The method according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that the central shaft screw (2) is threaded, and the longitudinal moving groove (2-1) corresponding to the fixed set screw (7) is dug. In Vitro Fixation Mechanism. The in vitro fastening mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the stretch length reading gauge block (8) is coupled to the stretch adjusting rod (1) and is a block type that is detachable and replaceable.