KR100398810B1 - Method for making vegetable fuel for an internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed contents are the alternative fuel of diesel internal combustion engine, and vegetable oil is obtained by esterifying rice bran oil or acidic waste oil obtained from rice bran, which is a domestic maintenance resource, with methanol to prevent waste of resources due to waste disposal and efficient use of waste resources. The present invention relates to a method for producing vegetable fuel for an internal combustion engine using rice bran oil and waste cooking oil.

Since the present invention can be used as an alternative fuel for diesel internal combustion engines, it promotes efficient use of waste resources, thereby improving economics due to resource recycling. As such, the present invention not only widens the use of alternative energy by using rice bran for other uses than edible oils, but also vegetable fuels prepared using high-acid edible oils such as rice bran oil produce less exhaust gas. It is expected to be spotlighted as the next generation environmental fuel that can prevent pollution.

Description

Method for making vegetable fuel for internal combustion engine using rice bran oil and waste cooking oil {Method for making vegetable fuel for an internal-combustion engine}

The present invention relates to a method for producing a fuel for an internal combustion engine using vegetable waste oil, in particular, a vegetable fuel by esterifying rice bran oil or a high acid value waste cooking oil obtained from rice bran, which is a domestic maintenance resource, as an alternative fuel of a diesel internal combustion engine. The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing vegetable fuel for internal combustion engines using rice bran oil and waste cooking oil, which can prevent waste of resources due to waste disposal and promote efficient use of waste resources, thereby improving economic efficiency due to resource recycling.

In general, rice bran is obtained as a by-product in the process of milling rice to obtain white rice. In Korea, rice bran is produced about 400,000 tons by 8% based on 5 million tons of rice produced annually. Of these, 20-30% of the milk is milked and some of them are obtained as high-quality cooking oil (brown rice oil), but most of them are not effectively utilized. This is because, after the rice bran fertilization, it becomes a crude oil of high acid value unlike other cooking oils due to its rancidity, and thus a large amount of by-products such as crude fatty acids, which cannot be edible, are generated in the refining process. Table 1 below is a chart analyzing the components of rice bran.

Table 1. Ingredients of Rice Bran

Prior arts related to the production of biodiesel oil using edible oils include "Bio resource Technology 50 (153) 1944" on the production of vegetable oils (Bio resource Technology 50 (153) 1944), and "Study III on the use of alternative fuels in diesel engines. Many studies have been introduced, such as combustion characteristics analysis, Oh Young Taek et al., Korean Society of Automotive Engineers Vol. 11, No. 5, pp. 31-43, 1989). However, most of them have disadvantages such as high production yield and low combustion rate. On the other hand, practical production technology has not been established for high-value vegetable oils such as rice bran oil.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks, and to replace the expensive fuel that is depleted by esterifying the rice bran oil obtained from rice bran or high-value acid waste food oil with methanol to obtain vegetable fuel for internal combustion engines. The present invention provides a method of producing vegetable fuel for an internal combustion engine using rice bran oil and waste cooking oil to produce low-efficiency, high-efficiency alternative fuel.

1 is a process chart showing the process of the vegetable fuel manufacturing method for an internal combustion engine using rice bran oil and waste edible oil according to the present invention in sequence.

In order to achieve the above object, the method of manufacturing vegetable fuel for internal combustion engine using rice bran oil and waste cooking oil according to the present invention is a method of manufacturing vegetable fuel for internal combustion engine, after removing impurities from raw material oil and adding PTSA catalyst to methyl alcohol. A primary ester reaction step of reacting at 110 to 130 ° C. while heating and injecting the gas into a gas state; A secondary ester reaction step of adding sodium hydroxide as a catalyst, mixing the mixture with methyl alcohol, stirring the mixture, and allowing the mixture to stand to separate crude glycerin from the bottom; Washing / dehydrating step of washing the methyl ester obtained through the secondary ester reaction with warm water and warming it to dehydrate it; And distillation recovery step of recovering methyl ester by distillation after dehydration.

The present invention, in the case of rice bran oil having a high acid value, does not follow the conventional method of separately undergoing a maintenance process of lowering the free fatty acid to a predetermined content or less, and first separates the methyl ester process into two stages to use the free fatty acid as an acid catalyst. And esterification of the remaining neutral oil under a base catalyst to efficiently increase the productivity of the biodiesel oil.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a process diagram sequentially showing a process of a vegetable fuel manufacturing method for an internal combustion engine using rice bran oil and waste cooking oil according to the present invention. Now, the process of producing the vegetable fuel of the present invention will be described sequentially with reference to the process sequence of this figure.

◎ Primary ester reaction

After removing impurities from raw material holding and adding PTSA (p-toluenesulfonic acid) catalyst, which is a kind of acid catalyst, methyl alcohol is heated and injected into gas state to improve the reaction rate until the acid value falls below 2 . At this time, the input raw material is used as rice bran oil or waste cooking oil, the acid value is not limited. (Step 100, 102)

◎ Secondary ester reaction

After completion of the primary ester reaction, sodium hydroxide was added as a catalyst, mixed with methyl alcohol, and stirred at 70 ° C. for 3 hours to allow the reaction to stand and to separate the crude glycerin from the bottom (steps 104 and 106).

◎ water washing, dehydration

In order to obtain a high quality methyl ester, a purification process is required. To this end, the methyl ester obtained through the secondary ester reaction is washed with warm water and warmed up to 110 ° C. to dehydrate.

◎ Distillation

After dehydration, the methyl ester is recovered by distillation at 200 ° C. under reduced pressure. Through the above process, a highly efficient vegetable fuel is obtained (steps 112 and 114).

The reactor in which the above processes occur is equipped with a temperature control means for heating and cooling, and is also equipped with a gas generating means for injecting methyl alcohol in a gas state separately.

From now on, the vegetable fuel manufacturing method of the present invention outlined above will be described in more detail through embodiments.

<Example 1>

1,000 g of rice bran oil (acid value 56) was added to a four-necked round bottom flask, and 3 g of catalyst (PTSA) was added thereto, followed by stirring while adding methanol in a gaseous state. At this time, the reaction temperature was set to 120 ± 10 ℃, the acid value was measured during the reaction temperature, the reaction was stopped at an acid value of 1.8. After completion of the reaction, cooling was started and cooled to 70 ° C., and 6 g of caustic soda was added to 210 g of methanol, and a reflux condenser was installed and reacted for 4 hours while stirring. At this time, the reaction temperature was 72 ± 2 ° C. After the reaction, the mixture was left to stand and the crude glycerin was removed, followed by washing with water at 90 ° C. three times. Methyl ester was added to the distillation tube, followed by dehydration to 120 ° C. under reduced pressure, followed by distillation. At this time, the distillation temperature was started at 185 ℃ and increased to 220 ℃. As a result, 925 g of semi-finished product and 887 g of distilled methyl ester were obtained.

<Example 2>

1000 g of waste oil (acid value 26) was put into a four-necked round bottom flask, and 3 g of catalyst (PTSA) was added thereto, followed by stirring while adding methanol in a gaseous state. At this time, the reaction temperature was 120 ± 10 ° C. and the reaction was stopped at an acid value of 0.6. After cooling to 70 ° C., 5 g of caustic soda was added to 275 g of methanol, and then reacted at 72 ± 2 ° C. for 4 hours. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was left to stand and the crude glycerin was removed, followed by washing with water at 90 ° C. three times. Then, methyl ester was added to the distillation tube to dehydrate under reduced pressure. Then, the mixture was distilled while heating at 180 ° C. to 200 ° C. to obtain 893 g of methyl ester.

The properties of this vegetable fuel obtained through the above processes are shown in Table 2.

Table 2. Physicochemical Properties of This Vegetable Fuel

As described above, the present invention has an effect that can be used as an alternative fuel for diesel internal combustion engines by obtaining vegetable fuel by esterifying rice bran oil obtained from rice bran, which is a domestic maintenance resource, or high cooking oil, with vegetable oil. In particular, this gives the advantage of preventing the loss of resources due to disposal and promoting the efficient use of waste resources to increase the economics due to resource recycling. As such, the present invention not only widens the use of alternative energy by using rice bran for other uses than edible oils, but also vegetable fuels prepared using high-acid edible oils such as rice bran oil produce less exhaust gas. It will be the next generation of environmental fuel that can contribute to environmental improvement.

Claims (3)

In the method for producing a vegetable fuel for an internal combustion engine, A primary ester reaction step of removing impurities from the raw material holding and adding a PTSA catalyst and then heating the methyl alcohol to react at 110 to 130 ° C. while injecting it into a gas state; A secondary ester reaction step of adding sodium hydroxide as a catalyst, mixing the mixture with methyl alcohol, stirring the mixture, and allowing the mixture to stand to separate crude glycerin from the bottom; Washing / dehydrating step of washing the methyl ester obtained through the secondary ester reaction with warm water and warming it to dehydrate it; And Method of producing a vegetable fuel for an internal combustion engine using rice bran oil and waste cooking oil comprising a distillation recovery step of distillation to recover methyl ester after dehydration. The method of claim 1, wherein the raw material oil to be introduced is rice bran oil and waste edible oil. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the first ester reaction step, while injecting methyl alcohol under a PTSA catalyst in a gaseous state to lower the acid value to 2 or less, and then reacting the mixture with methyl alcohol under a sodium hydroxide catalyst in two steps while stirring. Method for producing vegetable fuel for internal combustion engine using rice bran oil and waste edible oil, characterized in that terminating the ester reaction