KR100394390B1 - Equipment for Production of Metal Nano Powders By Electrical Explosion of Wire and it's Method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for producing a metal nanopowder by an electric explosion method and an apparatus thereof, the object of which is to use a metal, metal-ceramic, The present invention provides a method for producing a metal nanopowder by an electroexplosion method and apparatus for obtaining a nanometal powder having a particle size of about 100 nm or less used in ceramic composition alloys, products of other metals and appliances.

The present invention comprises the steps of supplying a wire into the reactor in the wire feeding apparatus, measuring the wire explosion length by the measuring roller in the wire feeding device, and generating a spark gap drive signal with the wire explosion length measurement signal And charging the battery until the driving signal is supplied to the driving electrode of the spark gap, and the high voltage of the battery charged with the driving signal of the spark gap passes through the insulator between the high voltage electrode and the low voltage electrode of the spark gap. Supplying a high voltage electrode of the metal, the wire supplied into the reactor at the high voltage to explode to obtain a nano metal powder, and collecting the nano metal powder at an accurate oxygen pressure, the metal nano by the explosion method To provide a powder manufacturing method.

Description

Equipment for Production of Metal Nano Powders By Electrical Explosion of Wire and it's Method}

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing metal nanopowders by an electric explosion method and a device thereof, and more particularly, to about 100 nm or less using an electrical explosion of wire method (EEW) from metals, alloys and chemical materials. The present invention relates to a method for producing a metal nanopowder by an electroexplosion method and a device for obtaining a nanometal powder having a particle size of.

In general, the metal powder may be prepared by atomization, liquid phase reduction, or plasma. However, the atomization method may not produce a powder in nano size, and may produce a powder having a size of about 50 μm. can do. The liquid reduction method, on the other hand, can produce only a few precious metals with nano size, so it cannot be applied to general metal powder. Plasma method consumes more power than production and requires a separate device to prevent oxidation when powders are collected. However, conventional methods cannot produce nano-sized metal powders stably.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above drawbacks, and has been developed from metals, alloys, and chemical materials by using an electrical explosion of wire method (EEW) for metals, metal-ceramic, ceramic composition alloys, and other metals and devices. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a metal nanopowder by an electroexplosion method and an apparatus for obtaining a nanometal powder having a particle size of about 100 nm or less used in a product.

The present invention comprises the steps of supplying a wire into the reactor in the wire feeding apparatus, measuring the wire explosion length by the measuring roller in the wire feeding device, and generating a spark gap drive signal with the wire explosion length measurement signal And charging the battery until the driving signal is supplied to the driving electrode of the spark gap, and the high voltage of the battery charged with the driving signal of the spark gap passes through the insulator between the high voltage electrode and the low voltage electrode of the spark gap. Supplying a high voltage electrode of the metal, the wire supplied into the reactor at the high voltage to explode to obtain a nano metal powder, and collecting the nano metal powder at an accurate oxygen pressure, the metal nano by the explosion method An object of the present invention is to provide a powder production method and a device thereof.

1 is a working principle of the pulse generator of the present invention

2 is a working principle of the present invention wire feeding device

Figure 3 is an overall configuration diagram of the nano-metal powder apparatus according to the present invention explosion

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

A: pulse generator B: wire explosion reactor

C: Wire feeding device D: Gas providing device

E: Powder Collector

1: voltage 2: capacitor

3: Upper resistance on voltage divider 4: Lower resistance on voltage divider

5: high voltage electrode of spark gap 6: spark gap

7: driving electrode of spark gap 8: low voltage electrode of spark gap

9: high voltage electrode of reactor 11: insulator

12 resistance 13 wire

15: guided wave forming device 16: combustion wave forming module

17: high voltage ground 18: ground switch

21: wire coil 22: measuring roller

23: free rotation shaft 24: hole of the measuring roller

25: wire deformation module 27: electric lamp

28: photoelectric converter 29: rod

31 reactor hole 32 working gas inlet

33 powder and working gas outlet 34 pump

41: trap 42: buffer tank

43: Hopper 44: the first cyclone

45: second cyclone 46: the first electric filter

47 second electric filter 48 mechanical filter

51: argon gas cylinder 52: oxygen cylinder

53: oxygen supply quantity control device 54: oxygen partial pressure detector

55: Blur

60: electric filter high voltage supply 61: control, monitoring console

When described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, the configuration and the operation of the embodiment of the present invention to achieve the object as described above and to perform the task for eliminating the conventional drawbacks.

1 is a working principle diagram of the present invention an explosion device, Figure 2 is a working principle diagram of the wire feeding device of the present invention,

The invention consists of a power supply, a battery, a high voltage wire explosion reactor, a ground electrode, a driven switchboard (commutator) of a power storage device, a wire supply device and a powder collector.

As shown in Fig. 1, three electrode dischargers are used as driven rectifiers. Here the low voltage electrode is connected to the high electrode reactor through the perforated insulator and the punctured electrode voltage is grounded across the resistor. The high electrode voltage is electrically connected to the upper arm of the capacitor and the voltage divider. There the drive electrode is connected to the incendiary pulse forming module and the low arm of the voltage divider.

In particular, commutation of the spark gap occurs during the dividing process of the decreasing gap between the wire and the high voltage electrode reactor.

Equipment for powder products of metals, alloys and chemical compositions produced by electroexplosion is greatly disconnected from the technical nature. The present invention provides a power supply and switchboard including a battery, a wire explosion reactor with high voltage and grounding, a wire feeder including a wire strainer, a gas supply, a powder collector including an exhaust, a cyclone, an electrical volume filter for powder collection, and a cutout. It has a powder classifier with truncated cones.

As shown in Fig. 2, the wire feeder is made like a freely rotating roller with a ring or guide groove. The roller is fixed to a cartridge that rotates around the wire axial direction. A rope is a rotating movement with the aid of an axis to the movement of a ring or roller at a distance from the rope axis of rotation.

The present invention configured as described above, the equipment for the production of metal powder, alloy, chemical composition dispersed by the electrical explosion (EEW) of the wire is electrically connected to the storage battery, the reactor for the explosion of wire insulated from the high voltage electrode, There is a drive switchboard, a wire feeder having a wire straightening mechanism, a powder collecting device, and a gas feeder. The wire feeder is made of rollers, has guide grooves, and is fixed to a rope that can rotate around the wire shaft. The rope rotates with the aid of the axis to the movement of the ring or roller at a distance from the rope axis of rotation. Combustion waves and voltage dividers are also included in the equipment. The spark gap of the three electrodes is used as a driving switchboard, and the low voltage electrode of the spark gap is electrically connected to the high voltage electrode through an insulator. The low voltage electrode is grounded through a resistor. The resistance value is obtained by the formula RC> t3, where C is energy storage capacity and t3 is charging time. The driving electrode of the spark gap is connected to the combustion wave and the lower resistance of the voltage divider.

In addition, a wire supply mechanism is provided by the wire length measuring device. The wire length measuring device is made by measuring a roller strongly fixed to a free rotation axis, and has a possibility to generate a driving wave for a combustion wave as a kind of driving wave.

The measurement of the roller has a circular length equal to the length of the explosion wire or divided by the explosion wire length. The roller measurement also has one or several holes. Light falls to the optical recorder through the hole and signals from the optical recorder are converted to a drive wave forming device for the combustion wave forming module.

And it is performed because the measuring roller has a rod. In this case, if the switch has a magnetic driver, the switch of the driving wave shaping device can be operated by an electric drive or a magnetic driver.

A metal powder is obtained, in which the cyclones are continuously connected in the powder collecting device, and the electric filter and the tuyere are connected to the inletial and the buffer tank by the t-bend. The inlet to the trap and buffer tank is connected to the outlet of the working gas from the reactor, and the outlet of the buffer tank is connected to the working gas inlet to the first cyclone. The inlet to the separator and the outlet of the buffer tank are connected t-bend and are made so that there is no change in the orientation of the working gas flow with respect to the channel wall outside the separator and the cyclone.

There is also a perforated partition that transforms the radial flow of incoming working gas into an axled flow when gas is consumed in the reactor. In this case, gas consumption is obtained as C <v <f, where V is the reactor volume, v is the gas consumption at the reactor inlet, and f is the explosion frequency. Then, a reverse valve is provided at the inlet of the working gas toward the reactor.

It also consists of a powder trapping device, a blower, and an oxygen partial pressure detector, which acts as a driver for the oxygen supply in the process of oxygen reduction during the chemical reaction of oxide synthesis. The detector also regulates the amount of neutral gas in the production of metal and alloy powders. The detector stops powder production when the amount of oxygen exceeds the permitted amount, at which time the detector lies between the powder capture device and the tuyeres and is protected by a mechanical filter. Metal powders are also obtained since the device is not provided as a bunker for powder collectors and reservoirs with protective liquids. The reservoirs are connected to all bunkers for powder collection by pipelines, which are laking valves. The bunker is placed in a waterproof box having the same atmosphere as the reactor.

The operating principle of the electric device for the wire explosion will be described immediately as shown in FIG. The high voltage source 1 charges the energy storage battery 2 until the selected voltage is supplied to the voltage dividers 3 and 4 and the high voltage electrode 5 of the spark gap 6. The charge voltage portion from the lower resistor 4 of the voltage divider is supplied to the drive electrode 7 of the spark gap. The low voltage electrode 8 of the spark gap is also connected to the high voltage electrode 9 of the reactor 10 through the insulator 11. The low voltage electrode is grounded with resistor 12. In the spark gap 6 raised between electrodes 5-7 and 7-8, the gaps lie at a distance beyond which the distance between the electrodes is about 1.5 to 2 times the selected operating voltage. In practice, the resistance of the voltage divider is selected from the state of excessive discharge time of the capacitor 2 through the voltage divider by comparing the charge time of the capacitor and the capacitance between the electrodes 7, 8 to a very small value in resistor 4. Change in proportion to voltage. Generator, when the wire is supplied by the wire supply 14 and reaches the electrode 9 (when the gap reaches about 1 mm), the guided wave former is converted and forms a braking wave for the spark gap 6 Give signal to (16). The generator rotates, and the combustion wave having a polarity opposite to the polarity of the voltage in the capacitor 2 reaches the drive electrode and the spark gap starts. The capacitor is discharged to the wire 13 and the wire explodes. In the contemplated arrangement, the resistor 12 is selected for the continuous discharge of the capacitor through the resistor. In most cases with a value of 1.5 kΩ, two order differences are provided in time.

Switchboards with field distortion have a gentler range of operating voltages without rearrangement of the gaps compared to trigger switchboards. Trigger switchboard operation only occurs because the plasma moves in the major gap and ultraviolet radiation ionizes the gas. The switchboard amplitude of the proposed driving wave is proportional to the converted voltage. Thus, field amplification and sudden distortion amplification in both gaps are sharp spikes (in this case the drive electrode is a 3 mm thick plate with a 30 mm diameter center hole). Occurs during supply. The opposite is true when compared to the voltage converted at the anode of the driving wave. 40kv is the working voltage in the advanced switchgear. This voltage is divided by a voltage divider by 1: 3 (200 MΩ on top, 100 MΩ on bottom), and the +13.3 kV voltage is the difference between the driven and grounded electrodes. The system in the switchgear gap is uniform and the air breakdown voltage stress is 30 kv / cm. If the low gap width is equal to 7 mm (17 times more than at break) and the upper gap width is equal to 1.5 cm (1.7 times more than at break) and then the driving wave supplied is -40 kV (1 J energy), The voltage stresses in the upper and lower gaps are 1.8 and 1.9 times more than the brake voltage stresses. At the same time the distortion and amplification of the system takes place at the edge of the hole in the drive electrode. This leads to a quick break of the bottom gap and then to a break of the top gap.

Large square edges that distort the system as compared to the trigger needle drive voltage allow to increase the life of the switchboard without replacing the electrodes.

An additional measuring roller is in the wire tool between the wire coil and the wire deformation module. The measuring roller is tightly tied to the free axis of rotation and the measuring roller is rotated by the supplied wire. The measuring roller has a circumferential length equal to the length of the explosion wire or divided by the length of the explosion wire. The measuring roller also has several holes. Light from the electric lamp falls into a photoelectric converter that converts it into a drive wave shaped device. If a mechanical switchboard is used in the drive wave forming device then the rod is on the shaft. The switchboard is activated by the rotation of the rod at the selected angle. If a magnet is used instead of a rod, the switchboard (magnetically actuated sealed switch) has a magnetic driver. In this case the measuring rollers are made of insulators to prevent high voltages from reaching the drive system.

In the free rotating shaft including the measuring roller, the supply of the explosive wave and the supply of the wire of the selected length occurred simultaneously. The measuring roller is reduced in motion or stopped if the wire slips. In this case, the supply of the blast wave occurs at the moment when the supply of the wire of the required length is made. Intermediate traps and buffer tanks connected by t-bend are placed in the powder collection unit instead of the powder classifier.

The trap and buffer tank inlet are connected to the working gas outlet from the reactor. The buffer tank outlet is connected to the inlet of the working gas into the first cyclone. The connection of the t-bend with the inlet on the side and the outlet from the buffer tank to the first cyclone was made without changing the orientation of the working gas flow with powder particles in the over-cyclone channel wall. Traps tend to trap large particles (which occur in the case of wire breakage) and buffer tanks tend to trap particles with diameters up to 1-10 μm. Buffer tanks are used to produce nano-dimensional oxide particles. Oxide particles are used as a means of burning pulsed thermal boiling particles of the metal wire to the boiling point.

The principle of operation of the two devices is based on the law of inertia. Large particles and small particles do not have time to change direction with the working gas in the t-bend, they fly from the stream into the trap's pipe, hit the reflector and fall into the bunker. Smaller particles (tens of microns in nm) begin to move with the working gas on the helical surface.

This method is done in the outer layer of the buffer tank grooves by large particles, and if the buffer tank grooves are connected to the bunker contacts, they can make their choice. This results in the powder being obtained at several locations in the buffer tank separator.

The connection between the outlet of the buffer tank and the inlet of the buffer tank is connected to the auxiliary of the T-bend. Thus, the outer layer of the flow, T-bend, filled with larger particles, remains in the buffer tank. Then go to the first cyclone, the so-called rotation of the working gas flow.

Here, the buffer tank blows argon gas from an intra-floor blower 55 which is exploded in a wire explosion reactor and agglomerates, and the buffer tank has a large volume, and thus adiabatic expansion, thereby preventing agglomeration.

Part 11 with holes is in reactor 10. The part is deformed in the radial direction of the gas in the axial direction.

Gas consumption is obtained by Vp < V / f. Where Vp is the reactor volume and V is the gas consumption at the reactor inlet.

A "dead (non-venting) zone" is produced in the reactor under a radial stream of working gas. Very small particles remain in the "dead zone" and are in the center of condensation during subsequent explosions. This causes the powder particles to coalesce or reduce the explosion frequency. And it reduces productivity. If gas consumption is chosen at the reactor inlet, a complete replacement of the gas takes place between the explosions, which then provides the best condition for the production of small particles.

The reverse valve is located at the working gas inlet. The reverse valve is freely opened by the gas from the blower and closed by the pressure from the wire explosion. Because the pressure passes in front of the particle flow from the explosion, this valve prevents large particles from passing from the reactor inlet to the powder capture device (electric filter or cyclone).

The equipment is supplied from a partial pressure protector in the oxygen supply. Signals from the protector control the driver and control the oxygen concentration with neutral gas during the production of metal and alloy powders or when the powder production is interrupted if the oxygen concentration in the neutral gas exceeds the standard. The protector is located between the powder aeration device and the vent and the surface of the protector is protected from the powder by a mechanical filter.

The need for protecting groups is dictated by ecological needs and economic feasibility. Equipment tests also show that working under the correct oxygen pressure yields smaller powders. For example, the pressure of the sum of total oxygen and nitrogen is 10 ⁵ Pa, the diameter of the smaller alumina particles is d _BET = 19 nm and the oxygen concentration is 18 vol%. If d _DET = 27 nm, the oxygen concentration is 20 vol%.

When producing powders from clean metals, oxygen concentration control and low levels of maintenance are necessary. In this case, it is not contaminated by oxygen.

The protector is located in front of the vent and behind the powder capture device. This is because the working gas does not contain powder particles at this location.

Mechanical filters are also placed to increase the life of the protector, which mechanically passes through the powder.

The equipment has a reservoir with a protective fluid, which is connected to all powder bunkers by a pipeline with a laking valve. The bunkers are placed in a closed box and look like the atmosphere of a reactor.

The introduction of the protective liquid is necessary for the powder next work process, as long as it is possible to supply the powder and maintain the powder for a long time without decreasing the air pressure. The reservoir with the protective fluid has a connecting valve with a cyclone bunker and a pipeline connected via an electric filter bunker. The pipeline allows the pipe connected to the valve by the protective liquid to vacuum these pipes from the valve to the bunker along the device and the pipelines to protect the powder after filling the bunker.

The placement of several bunkers in a closed box allows replenishment from bunkers without reducing the pressure in the equipment.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described specific preferred embodiments, and various modifications can be made by any person having ordinary skill in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention claimed in the claims. Of course, such changes will fall within the scope of the claims.

The method and apparatus for manufacturing metal nanopowders according to the present invention, which are constructed and functioned as described above, may be manufactured using metal, metal-ceramic, Nanometal powder with particle size of about 100nm or less used in ceramic composition alloy, other metals and equipment products can be obtained, and the reliability and productivity of equipment can be improved, and the quality of powder can be contributed to industrial development. It is a useful invention that can be done.

Claims (8)

In the method for producing a metal powder, Supplying a wire into a reactor in a wire feeding apparatus, measuring a wire explosion length with a measuring roller in the wire feeding apparatus, generating a spark gap driving signal using the wire explosion length measuring signal, and Charging the battery until the driving signal is supplied to the driving electrode of the spark gap, and the high voltage of the battery charged with the driving signal of the spark gap passes through the insulator between the high voltage electrode and the low voltage electrode of the spark gap, and then the high voltage electrode of the reactor. Supplying the metal to the reactor, exploding the wire supplied into the reactor at the high voltage to obtain the nano metal powder, and collecting the nano metal powder at an accurate oxygen pressure. Nano powder manufacturing method In the apparatus for producing a metal powder, The low voltage electrode 8 of the spark gap 6 of the pulse generator A generating high voltage and the insulator 11 of the wire explosion reactor B are connected, and a wire for supplying a wire to the wire explosion reactor. Feeding device (C) is connected, the blower of the gas providing device (D) is connected to the upper side of the wire explosion reactor, the buffer tank of the powder collecting device (E) is connected to the lower side, the wire feeding device is sparked Metal nano-powder manufacturing apparatus by the electro-explosion method characterized in that it is electrically connected and coupled to the guided wave forming module 15 for driving the gap (6) The method of claim 2 The pulse generator (A) is composed of three electrode discharge device used as a driven rectifier, The low voltage electrode 8 is connected to the high voltage electrode 5 through the perforated insulator, the drive electrode 7 of the spark gap 6 is grounded across the resistor, and the high voltage electrode is electrically connected to the charger 2. The low voltage electrode is connected to the high voltage electrode 9 and the resistor 12 of the reactor through an insulator 11 and grounded, and one side of the driving electrode is connected to the voltage divider lower resistance. An apparatus for producing metal nanopowder by an electroexplosion method, characterized in that (4) and the other side are connected to the combustion wave forming module 16. The method of claim 2 The wire explosion reactor (B) is a wire feeding device (C) for supplying a wire to the upper side of the reactor high voltage electrode (9) is connected to the low voltage electrode (8) of the pulse generator (A) through the insulator (11) ) Is connected to the upper side of the working gas inlet and the lower side of the metal powder and the outlet gas outlet is provided, and when the gas is consumed in the reactor inside to transform the radial flow of the working gas into the axle flow Metal nano-powder manufacturing apparatus by the electric explosion method characterized in that the hole 31 is provided The method of claim 4 The wire explosion reactor (B) is a metal nano-powder manufacturing apparatus by the electric explosion method characterized in that the high voltage ground (17) is provided during the wire explosion reaction around the upper inlet to which the wire is supplied The method of claim 2 The wire feeding device (C) is configured by placing the measuring roller 22 between the wire coil 21 and the wire deformation module 25, The measuring roller 22 has several holes 24 for measuring the length of the explosion wire, and the light of the electric lamp 27 is incident on the photoelectric conversion device 28 to measure the length of the explosion wire. Metal nano-powder manufacturing apparatus by the electric explosion method characterized in that for transmitting a signal to trigger a spark gap The method of claim 2, The gas supply device (D) is a blower 55 is installed at the front end of the oxygen 52 and the argon gas 51 is supplied with a working gas, the oxygen partial pressure detector (B) between the blower and the gas supply device ( 54) is installed and connected to the mechanical filter 48 of the powder collecting device (E), characterized in that the metal nano-powder manufacturing apparatus by the electric explosion method The method of claim 2, The powder collecting device (E) is connected to the working gas outlet 33 of the wire explosion reactor to the trap 41 and the buffer tank 42, the buffer tank outlet is continuously connected to the first and second cyclones (44) 45, the cyclone outlet is connected to the mechanical filter 48 through the first and second electrical filters 46 and 47 connected in series, and the mechanical connection filter is the oxygen partial pressure detector 54 of the gas supply device. Metal nano-powder manufacturing apparatus by an electric explosion method characterized in that connected to