KR100394051B1 - serveraL direction Inter-change construction - Google Patents

Abstract

[Purpose] The present invention facilitates the traffic flow of all the connected road networks connected to the highway and increases traffic congestion, signal system, traffic congestion section due to structural contradiction of three-dimensional intersection, waste of energy, and waste of energy. It aims to provide a multi-faceted three-dimensional cross-section structure to minimize invisible economic loss such as environmental pollution and excessive logistics costs.

[Composition] The present invention is a multi-sided three-dimensional cross-section structure based on a conventional three-sided three-dimensional cross-section structure, and is characterized by being composed of a one-way three-lane separated multi-sided three-dimensional cross-section structure unlike a conventional one-way two-lane integrated three-dimensional cross-section structure. 3, 4, 5, and 6-dimensional intersections consist of only one and two-story road structures. The first floor functions as a flat driving road, the second floor as an elevated driving road, and the underground, mall, and crosswalks are formed. It is a multi-sided three-dimensional cross-section structure that has an empty underground space in preparation for it.

Description

Multi-directional inter-change construction

The present invention manages all connected road networks connected to expressways, such as highways and expressways, as well as expressways (outer ring roads), national roads (inner ring roads) and provincial roads (city center roads) as an integrated operating system. It relates to a multi-faceted three-dimensional cross-section structure that can be configured to facilitate the traffic flow of the road network.

A detailed analysis of the major causes of traffic jams is as follows.

The reason for the increase in traffic is that as the economy is developed into an advanced country, the industrial structure has been advanced, complexed, and pre-cultured and diversified. At the same time, the amount of automobiles held by economic margins has increased, and the range of workers' behavior has widened. In other words, as the range of job choices expands, finding jobs with high wages, self-interest, and professional conditions and environment, the long-term travel is inevitable. Due to the increase in the amount of vehicle holdings, that is, they did not adequately cope with the changing demands of the times, and the amount of vehicle holdings increased due to the inconvenience of public transportation, that is, the long transportation, the hassle of changing, and the consumption time.

The causes of traffic jams for signal systems are as follows.

As the industrial structure is transformed into an advanced country, many roads have been created due to the reckless urban development plan and the expansion of the city, resulting in various plane intersections, and the introduction of a signal system that can control a large amount of traffic.

Such a signal system increases the traffic congestion section with higher traffic volume.

The use of the signaling system has the advantage of low installation cost and easy traffic control (only pursuit of real profit), but it causes paralysis of road function. In other words, excessive traffic costs such as traffic congestion section expansion, congestion time increase, waste of energy, and environmental pollution caused huge economic loss.

The causes of traffic congestion due to structural contradiction (I.C) are as follows. Figures 1A, 1B and 2A illustrate a three-dimensional intersection according to the prior art.

Figure 1a and Figure 1b is a plan view of the three-dimensional cross-section structure is most installed in the highway linkage road network showing the traffic congestion section. Figure 1a is the three most hypothesized hypothesis at the junction of the conventional highway and national road (city center road) It is a plan view of a three-dimensional intersection structure and a multi-sided planar intersection structure, showing a traffic congestion section. This structure is a hypothetical three-dimensional intersection structure without any consideration of traffic volume, cross-sectional shape, and characteristics of the area, and it is a structure that is derived from the road administration policy in which the country and the region are separated. Although it does not significantly affect the traffic flow, due to the structural contradictions and signal system of three-dimensional three-way intersections, it increases the traffic congestion on both highways and national roads (city center roads), and it is difficult to enter and exit. Failure to establish five-sided three-way intersections will lead to more serious traffic congestion. The type of intersection with serious traffic congestion is type D in FIG. 1A.

1B is a plan view of a four-sided three-dimensional cross-section structure most hypothesized at the junction of a conventional highway and a highway, and shows a traffic congestion section. The most severe traffic congestion forms D type> B type> A type = C type, and the cause is due to structural contradiction between one-way two-lane and integrated type. Type A in FIG. 2A is a one-way two-lane integrated partial symmetrical structure, which has a complicated structure, complicated entry method, and high construction cost (number of three-dimensional bridges: 5, number of bottlenecks: 10). Type B is a one-way two-lane integrated asymmetric structure, the structure is normal, and the type D is an improved type, the bottleneck is severe (three-dimensional bridge: 2, the number of bottle intervals: 12) Type C in Figure 2a is a one-way two-lane integrated type. It is a partial symmetrical structure with a mixture of hyper-separation type, and the structure is normal. Type D in Figure 2a is a one-way, two-lane integrated symmetrical structure with a simple structure, simple access method, and the most congested traffic due to the contradiction of the integrated road structure. The construction cost is the lowest (number of three-dimensional bridges: 1, bottlenecks: 10) as a side effect of the failure of road traffic policies that do not predict the actual traffic volume and the indiscriminate introduction of automobile culture in developed countries, which are not evaluated. The intersection structure is more expensive to maintain than the initial construction cost.

First of all, the reason why the basic car of the highway should be more than three one-way for the contradiction of the one-way two-lane integrated four-way solid intersection structure is as follows.

The network of highways and highways has been diversified into a grid structure due to the changes of the times and the industrial structure.

On the three-sided three-way intersection of the two-way two-way highway, there is no difficulty in joining one entry vehicle on the other side, but on the four-sided three-way intersection, the two merged vehicles entering from the other side (left and right turn) are the two-way straight driving lane Bottlenecks are occurring due to structural contradictions that are rapidly incorporated into the company, and the reason is to resolve the entry and exit and lane changes of all vehicles inside the three-dimensional intersection.

It is a bottleneck because the speed difference between the straight driving vehicle and the vehicle joining in the other side is large, although the speed of at least 20km / h must be maintained even when the same traveling straight vehicle (1, 2 lane) is ahead.

Specifically, the straight driving vehicle (100 km / h) (one lane) of the two-way one-way lane is not significantly affected by the traffic flow of the joining vehicles. However, due to the speed difference between the straight driving vehicle (100km / h) (two lanes) and the left turning vehicle (50-60km / h) entering the other direction, traffic accidents and primary bottlenecks occur, and the straight driving vehicle (100km) / h) (Two lanes) and a second bottleneck between a vehicle joining from the other side (50-60km / h) and left turn vehicle (50-60km / h) (two lanes) on the other side and the other side A third bottleneck with a straight driving vehicle (100 km / h) (two lanes) is occurring. In order to solve the bottleneck, the existing one-way two-lane straight driving vehicle (one lane) and the straight driving, left and right turning vehicle (two lanes) should be more than three basic one-way lanes, and the straight driving vehicles (one and two lanes) The lanes should be separated in consideration of the speed difference with the left and right turning vehicles (3 lanes), and both straight driving vehicles (1, 2 lanes) and vehicles joining from the other side (3, 4 lanes) are introduced to the junction of the three-dimensional intersection. In this condition, the lane change section should be at least 5km to eliminate bottlenecks and to easily change lanes to the destination direction.

In addition, the straight ahead vehicle priority policy should be changed to the entrance vehicle priority policy. Because the straight running vehicle has a wider field of view than the entering vehicle, it is easily defensive driving.

Next, the contradiction of the integrated three-dimensional intersection is as follows.

Integral type refers to a road structure that is maintained until the center line exits the intersection when a road composed of up and down one way with the center line is connected to the intersection, and most of the conventional intersections belong to this. Referring to the four-sided three-dimensional cross-section structure of the D-type (clobar-type) of Figure 1b is apparent. Structural type has perfect four-sided perfect symmetrical structure, but the most serious reason of traffic jam is contradiction of integrated three-dimensional intersection structure. In addition, the maintenance cost was higher than the initial construction cost because the road construction proceeded at the same time as the construction plan, that is, without preliminary examination as a precautionary measure after pre-construction. This is because another maintenance cost is used for maintenance because it must be maintained, which is a major waste of national taxes.

The other factors of traffic congestion are as follows.

The inefficiency of administrative services has increased the indirect logistics costs due to the complexity and diversification of documents, the length of time required for road construction due to the administrative priority differences between countries and regions, and the traffic congestion due to errors in the highway usage fee collection method. There is a lack of advanced civil consciousness (unconscientious driving and lack of concession).

The countermeasures against the above causes of heavy traffic are as follows.

The road traffic policy suitable for the demands of the times and the change of the social structure and the traffic policy for the future are needed, and the three-dimensional intersections should be constructed in accordance with the traffic volume, cross-type, and characteristics of the region, and the traffic flow and blood circulation phenomenon are the same. It is necessary to look at the situation and demand continuous research and development on transportation policy.

The present invention is to solve the above-mentioned causes of traffic jams, multi-dimensional three-dimensional to reach the destination with the minimum cost and energy by minimizing the obstacle of entry of the intersection of vehicles entering in order to smooth the traffic flow of the link road network connected to the highway Another object of the present invention is to increase traffic congestion intervals, increase consumption time, and waste energy according to structural contradictions of traffic volume increase, signal system, and three-dimensional intersection (IC), which are the main causes of traffic jams. In order to minimize invisible economic loss such as environmental pollution and excessive logistics costs, the present invention is to provide a multi-dimensional three-dimensional crossover structure. The terminology used in the description of the present invention is defined as follows. Inter-Change (IC): It is a three-dimensional intersection structure established at the junction of expressways and highways. It means the three-dimensional intersection structure established at the junction of the national road and the national road (crossing center). Crossing: The center point of the three-dimensional and planar intersections.The main road: It is an independent road connected by the intersection. Intersection approaching one-way means the one-way direction entering the intersection from the main road Intersection exit one-way: one-way, that is, the way out of the intersection at the main road The direction of entry and the direction are opposite and paired with each other to form a main road.The central line means the central boundary that distinguishes when roads with different driving directions are formed next to each other. It means a road connecting the main road and other main roads, and in the description, "IJ-KL connection road" means the J-th of the one-way entrance to the main road. It means the connecting road connecting the L-th lane of the escape route to the K-way. The integrated road and the divided road: When the center line exists on two or more connecting roads connecting two main roads, the center line Uninterrupted connection to the center line of two main roads is called an integrated connection road, otherwise it is called a separate connection road. Overpass: The installation height is higher than the floor plan and approximately parallel to the ground so that the vehicle can pass under it. Plane road: means a road where the installation height is lower than the overpass and is approximately parallel to the ground surface, and the plan view road leading to the entrance one-way side of the main road is the entrance plan and the plan view road leading to the escape one-way side of the main road. Slope road: A sloped road that connects overpass and plan view, and an ascending slope As the traffic progresses, the altitude increases, and the descending slope means the inverse case. N lane (N is a natural number): The lane closest to the center line is the one lane in the intersection approach and the exit escape. The first characteristic of the present invention is that when a connecting road diverging from another road is connected to one road that digests a certain amount of traffic, the two roads merge into one as in the prior art. Rather than joining, the two roads are configured to combine in parallel to each other to maintain the two roads, i.e. for the Type A intersection of FIG. 2A, the yellow entrance to the south main road diverges east (Turn right) A connecting road leads to the blue escape one way to the east main road. The connecting road is combined with a connecting road diverging eastward (turning left) from the brown entrance one way of the north main road, where the two connecting roads are configured to merge into one. The roads are not merged into one, but are coupled to run alongside each other so that the two roads are maintained. This is to solve the fundamental congestion caused by one road accommodating the traffic which two separate roads each extinguish. The second feature of the present invention is that in the case of four-way intersection, two main roads as in the prior art At least one main roadway in the road is not configured to run across the intersection while keeping the car intact. In particular, in the case of the D-type intersection of FIG. 2A, two main roads are configured to cross at the center of the intersection while maintaining the two-way lane in one-way, that is, the four-way lane. That is, it has a complete integrated connection road. In this case, if there is a confluence where other roads are connected to this road, the bottleneck is inevitable because the vehicle enters from the three lanes in comparison to the two lanes. In the present invention, at the intersection of four directions, instead of the intersection of the two main roads, the concept of the four roads and the connecting road connecting them is introduced. The connection road is basically a separate connection road, and the vehicle is different for each section. The third feature of the present invention is that in arranging the connection road described above, the connection roads are partially connected to each other as much as possible. It is composed of one road. According to this arrangement, it is possible to improve the stability of the construction of the intersection construction, while making the construction cost as low as possible, and the maintenance is more simple. The fourth feature of the present invention is a four-way, five-way, six-way three-dimensional intersection. The floor plan of the floor and the two-story elevated road has a total of two layers.

FIG. 1A is a plan view of a three-dimensional three-dimensional intersection and a multi-direction planar intersection most frequently hypothesized at a junction point of a conventional highway and a national road, and showing a traffic congestion section. Here, the type of intersection with serious traffic congestion is type D.

FIG. 1B is a plan view of a three-dimensional three-way intersection most frequently hypothesized at a junction between a conventional highway and a highway and displaying a traffic congestion section.

FIG. 2A is a plan view for comparative analysis with the intersection shown in FIG. 2B as a four-sided three-dimensional intersection indicating the driving pattern at the intersection shown in FIG. 1B.

FIG. 2B is a modified example of converting the four-sided three-way intersection structure of the present invention of the first and second embodiments shown in FIG. 4A into a structural form suitable for traffic volume, and compared with the conventional four-sided three-dimensional intersection structure shown in FIG. 2A. It is a floor plan for analysis.

3A is a plan view of a three-dimensional intersection in the case where a U-turn lane is provided in the four-sided three-dimensional intersection structure of the first embodiment shown in FIG.

3B is a partial perspective view of the four-sided three-dimensional intersection of the present invention in the XYZO cross section of FIG. 3A.

Fig. 4A is a plan view of the four-sided three-dimensional intersection structure of the first and second embodiments of the present invention. (4A01, 4A02)

Fig. 4B is a plan view of the four-sided three-dimensional intersection structure of the third and fourth embodiments of the present invention. (4B01, 4B02)

Fig. 4C is a plan view of a four-sided three-dimensional cross-section structure of the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

4D is a plan view of the four-sided three-dimensional intersection structure of the sixth and seventh embodiments of the present invention. (4D01, 4D02)

Fig. 4E is a plan view of the four-sided three-dimensional intersection structure of the eighth and ninth embodiments of the present invention. (4E01, 4E02)

Fig. 5A is a plan view of a five-sided three-dimensional intersection structure of the tenth embodiment of the present invention. (5A01)

Fig. 5B is a plan view of the five-sided three-dimensional intersection structure of the eleventh embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6A is a plan view of the six-sided three-dimensional intersection structure of the twelfth embodiment of the present invention. (6A01)

Fig. 6B is a plan view of the six-sided three-dimensional intersection structure of the thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6C is a plan view of the six-direction solid intersection structure of the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention. (6B02) Fig. 6D is the plan view of the six-direction solid intersection structure of the fifteenth embodiment of the present invention. (6C01)

[Description of Signs and Terms for Major Parts of Drawings]

111,122,133,144: U-turn lanes 112,121,134,143: Straight driving lanes 114,123,131,142: Left turn lanes (270 degree rotation type) 113,124,132,141: Right turn lanes

The present invention is a multi-sided three-dimensional cross-section structure based on a conventional three-sided three-dimensional cross-section structure as a basis, and unlike the conventional three-way cross-section structure having a one-way two-way integrated connection road, the separate connection road connects the main road of one or more three-way roads. It is a versatile solid intersection of construction. In addition, the four-, five-, and six-dimensional intersections consist of only one- and two-story road structures, the first floor serving as a flat driving road, and the second floor serving as an elevated driving road. The underground is a multi-faceted three-dimensional cross-section structure of a structure where the underground space is empty in case of the formation of subways, shopping streets, and crosswalks. The fifteen embodiments classified and coded as follows according to the structure of Fig. 1 and variations of some of these embodiments are included.

As an example of code, in “4A01”, “4” is the number of main roads connected to the intersection, “A” is the classification code assigned according to the layout of the main roads connected to the intersection, and “01” is the same road. The serial numbers of the embodiments for the form of the batch. That is, 4A01 is an intersection connecting four main roads, and the main roads are arranged in an A shape (in Fig. 4A, it can be seen that the A shape is a main road shape arranged in a cross shape). It can be seen that the main road is the first embodiment of the intersection arranged in the form of A.

The present invention is composed of a road having three or more lanes of basic one-way lanes, and a multi-directional three-dimensional intersection structure assuming a certain amount of traffic (going straight, left turn, right turn) and can vary the basic lane and the driving form according to the traffic volume and the characteristics of the region. .

Features and Uses of the Invention

** Features and uses of four-sided three-way crossover structure **

Figure 4a shows a first and second embodiment of the present invention which is a crossroad intersection. The first embodiment 4A01 is the most symmetrical structure with the simplest and completely detachable connection road and is the most ideal four-way intersection structure. All four directions have the same entry method and are semi-permanent structures that can maximize road efficiency, and can be used through partial modification even when the structure is changed to a three-dimensional three-way intersection structure. The intersection of the example is a four-way solid intersection connecting four main roads. Each main road consists of three lanes each way, and each lane is branched and connected to one lane on the other main road in a one-to-one correspondence. Referring to the main road 1, the intersection of the main road 1 is entered. The three lanes of the one way are branched and connected to the three lanes of the one way escape of the intersection of the main road 4 in the right direction by the connecting road 1a. The two lanes of the one-way entry to the intersection of the main road 1 extend by the connecting road 1b to the one lane of the one-way escape of the intersection of the main road 2 in the left turning direction. The first lane of the one-way entry to the intersection of the main road 1 is extended by the connecting road 1c to the two lanes of the one way exit of the intersection of the main road 3 in the straight direction. At this time, the connection road 1a is the main road ( It is preferable that it is a flat road connecting 1) and the main roadway 4 to the shortest. The connection road 1b enters the main roadway 1 by using a closed curve rising slope road 1ba in which the traveling direction is rotated 270 degrees. The two-way one-way and the escape route of the main road (2) also connect the first lane. The closed curve section 1ba is an inclined road, and the vehicle in progress enters the overpass from the plan view road passing through the closed curve section 1ba and is connected to the first lane of the main road 2 through the descending slope road. The connection road 1c is a plan view. The intersection connection of the main road 2 is similar to the intersection connection of the main road 1 except that the sections are different from the elevated road sections and the plan views of the connection roads 2b and 2c. Connection road (2b) is to go to the elevated road via the rising slope, and is configured to be connected to the plan view through the 270 degrees closed curve section (2ba) of the falling slope. Also, the connecting road 2c is an overpass with slopes at both ends. The same principle applies to the main roads 3 and 4. The main roadway 3 has a crossroad entry one-way connection road similar to that of the main roadway 1, and the main roadway 4 has the same configuration as the main roadway 2. The embodiment of the present invention configured as described above Since there is no place where two lanes merge into one lane, there is almost no congestion section. In addition, the four lanes connected by the right turn roads 1a and 2a are connected at the shortest distance. By placing all the facilities at the intersection within the space formed by the right turn connection road, the space occupied by the intersection is maximized.In addition, as many connection roads as possible are extended in parallel to each other to reduce construction cost and at the same time It is possible to increase the strength and to simplify future maintenance. As a result, two overpasses, that is, one overpass extends parallel to the one-way, one-lane and one-way lanes of the main roadway 2 and is installed at the closed curve section 1ba, and the other one. Overpasses need only be installed where the one-way, one-lane and one-way lanes of the main road 4 extend parallel to each other to reach a closed curve section.In addition, for all main roads, vehicles entering the intersection turn right. If you want to keep three lanes, if you want to turn left two lanes, if you want to go straight one lane can reduce the driver's confusion.

◎ Usage-It is a structure suitable for a wide space highway and a city center road. A modification of converting the first embodiment 4A01 into a form suitable for traffic volume is shown in A of FIG. 2B. Considering that there are more than right-turning vehicles, in the modified example, two lanes of one lane and two lanes are straight lanes among three lanes of the one-way intersection, and the three lanes are divided into two connecting roads so as to be connected in the left turn and right turn directions, respectively. Doing. Thus, smoother vehicle communication is made possible. In addition, since the above-mentioned intersection entry one-way forms a total of four lanes by diverging one lane by two connection roads, the one-way intersection exit one-way is composed of four lanes. The modified example also has two elevated roadways. Fig. 3A shows another modified example of the first embodiment of the present invention. The modified example shown is a plan view of a three-dimensional intersection in the case of a hypothesis on a city center road with a U-turn lane. It is characterized by one-way, four-lane separated symmetrical, multi-faceted three-dimensional crossroads structure, all composed of one and two-story road structures. The first floor is a flat driving road and the second floor is an elevated driving road. It is a four-sided three-way intersection structure with an empty underground space in case of the formation of subways, shopping streets, and crosswalks. 111 of the four-way lanes are U-turn lanes from south to south (1 lane), and 112 are Lanes traveling straight from south to north (2.3 lanes), 114 are lanes turning left to south from each other (four lanes), 113 are lanes turning right from south to east (four lanes), and 122 are from north to north. U-turn lane (1 lane), 121 is north Is a lane that travels straight south from (2.3 lanes), 123 is a lane that turns left from north to east (four lanes), and 124 is a lane that turns right from each other in north (133 lanes). -Turn lanes (1 lane), 134 are lanes traveling straight from the east (2.3 lanes), 131 are lanes turning left from east to south (four lanes), and 132 are lanes turning right from east to north (4 144 is the U-turn lane of each other in the west (1 lane), 143 is the lane driving straight from west to east (2.3 lanes), and 142 is the lane turning left from west to north (4 lanes) 141 is a lane (four lanes) that turns right from west to south.

The second embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIG. 4A. The second embodiment 4A02 has a connection road structure in which an integrated type and a separate type are mixed, and a structure focused on the efficiency of the road. The difference from the first embodiment will be described below. [0021] The first lane of the one-way entry of the main road 5 is connected to the first lane of the one-way escape line of the main road 7 by a connecting road 5c. do. The two-way entry road of the main road 6 is connected to the two-lane escape road of the main road 8 in the straight direction by a connecting road 6b, and the first lane is the two-way escape road of the main road 7 in the left turning direction. It is connected to the lane by the connection road 6c. The main road 7 is the same as the connection configuration of the main road 5, and the main road 8 is the same as the connection configuration of the main road 6. On the other hand, the connection road 5a is a plan view road and the connection road 5b is a plan view connected to the entry one-way side, and includes a section extending in the order of a closed curved ascending ramp, an overpass and a descending ramp in which the traveling direction is switched by 270 degrees. The connecting road 5c is a plan view road. The connecting road 6a is a plan view road, and the connecting road 6b includes a section extending in the order of an uphill road, an overpass, and a downhill road connected to an entry one-way road. The road 6c includes sections extending in the order of ascending ramp, overpass, and descending ramp connected to the entry one-way. ◎ Application-A structure suitable for a national road or a city center road in a narrow space, with smooth traffic flow and a small area. A modification of converting the second embodiment 4A02 into a form suitable for traffic volume is shown in A of FIG. 2B. Modifications in view of the fact that there are usually more vehicles going straight than left-turn or right-turn vehicles. Esau dedicates two connecting roads to straight ahead connections. In other words, in the case of the main road in the south of the drawing, two lanes of one and two lanes of the entry way are set as straight lanes, the other lane is branched using two connecting roads, and in the case of the west road In this case, two lanes of the entry way are set as straight lanes, and three lanes are diverged using two connecting roads, one is connected to the main road in the straight direction and the other is connected to the main road in the right direction. This will allow for smoother vehicle communication. In addition, a total of four connecting roads are used for the one-way access to the main road, and the intersection exit to the main road is composed of four lanes.

4B, a third embodiment 4B01 and a fourth embodiment 4B02 of the present invention are shown. The third and fourth embodiments have a structure substantially similar to the second embodiment, but the directions of the main roads to which they are connected are different. As shown in the drawing, all the connecting roads in the intersection are to shorten the section extending as much as possible, and as much as possible adjacent to the other connecting roads are coupled to each other to form a structure. Therefore, the construction cost can be reduced to the maximum, and the stability of the building can be secured to the maximum.

◎ Usage-It is a structure suitable for national roads and downtown roads in special areas.

4C, a fifth embodiment 4C01 of the present invention is shown. An advantage of the fifth embodiment is that since only one solid bridge, that is, only one overpass is to be installed, the construction cost can be further reduced. In addition, by connecting a larger number of connecting roads side by side, it is possible to further improve the stability of the building, and to simplify maintenance. In particular, a total of six connecting roads are connected side by side near the center of the intersection to form a structure. Such a configuration has practical advantages not only at the time of construction but also in subsequent management. First, the three-way entry road of the main road 9 is connected to the three-lane escape road of the main road 12 by a connecting road 9a. The two lanes are connected to the one-way escape road of the main road 10 by the connection road 9b, and the one lane is connected to the one-way escape road of the main road 11 by the connection road 9c. The connecting roads 9a and 9b are plan views, and the connecting roads 9c are overpasses having inclined roads at both ends. The access one-way three lanes of the main road 10 are connected to the three-way escape road of the main road 9. It is connected by the road (10a), the two lanes are connected to the escape one-way of the main road 12 by the connecting road (10b), the first lane is connected to the two-lane escape road of the main road (11) Connected by 10c). The connecting road 10a may be configured as a plan view road, and the connecting roads 10b and 10c may include a closed curved ascending road, an elevated road, and a descending road as the 270-degree moving direction rotates, starting with the top view road. 11 is connected to the other main road by the same connection method as the main road (9), the main road 12 is connected to the other main road by the same connection method as the connection method of the main road (10). The connecting roads 9a and 9b are plan views, and the connecting roads 9c have sections extending in the order of ascending ramps, overpasses, and descending ramps connected to the entry one-way. The connecting roads 10a are plan views, The connecting roads 10b and 10c are plan views connected to the entry one-way, and have a section extending in the order of closed curved ascending slopes, overpasses and descending slopes, in which the traveling direction is switched to 270 degrees.

◎ Usage-It is a structure suitable for national roads and downtown roads in special areas.

FIG. 4D shows a sixth embodiment 4D01 and a seventh embodiment 4D02 of the present invention.

◎ Usage-It is a structure suitable for national roads and downtown roads in special areas.

Fig. 4E shows an eighth embodiment 4E01 and a ninth embodiment 4E02 of the present invention. In the eighth embodiment, a direct connection of a long distance having the same driving direction and a distance between adjacent roads is in the range of 1 to 5 km. As a three-dimensional intersecting structure, the purpose is to use highways and national roads (city center roads), national roads and national roads (city center roads), coastal roads on islands and land, and adjacent riverside roads (riverside north roads and Olympic boulevards in Seoul). It is a link road network that can be directly connected and can be used for both short and long distances. First, the three-way entry road of the main road 13 is connected to the two-lane escape road of the main road 15 by a connection road 13a. The lane is connected to the three-lane escape road of the main road 14 by a connecting road 13b, and the first lane is connected to the escape lane of the main road 16 by the connecting road 13c. The connecting roads 13a and 13b lead to the overpass via a closed curved upward ramp that rotates in a 270-degree direction, and the subsequent connecting road 13b is connected to the main road 14 via a downward slope, and the connecting road ( 13a) is connected to the main road 15. The connecting road 13c may be formed as a plan view. The three-way entry road of the main road 14 is connected to the three-lane escape road of the main road 13 by the connecting road 14a, and the second lane is the main road. The escape one-way of (16) is also connected to two lanes by a connecting road 14b, and the first lane is connected to the one-way escape-way of the main road 15 by a connection road 14c. The connection roads 14a and 14c can be configured as plan views. The connecting road 10b starts with a plan view and then goes up the ascending road, overpass, and descending road. The main road 15 is connected to the other main road by the same connection method as the main road 13. The main road 16 is connected to another main road by the same connection method as the main road 14. The connection roads 13a and 13b are plan views connected to the entry one-way, and the traveling direction is 270 degrees. It has a section extending in order of the closed curved rising slope, the overpass, and the falling slope being converted, and the connecting road 13c is a plan view. The connecting roads 14a and 14c are plan views, and the connecting road 14b is The plan view is connected to the entry one-way, and has a section extending in the order of the rising slope, the overpass, and the falling slope.

The ninth embodiment 4E02 has a structure (200 to 500 m) in which the driving directions are the same and the distance between adjacent roads is very narrow, and is suitable for an area where it is difficult to install in three-dimensional intersections.

◎ Usage-It is suitable for all places where highways, national highways, and railways run side by side on narrow city center roads.

** Features and Applications of Five-Dimensional Intersection Structure **

5A, a tenth embodiment 5A01 of the present invention is shown. The tenth embodiment is a five-sided three-dimensional intersection structure connecting the five-way street. The tenth embodiment has a two-story structure consisting of a plan view and an overpass, so that lanes of all entrance one-way streets of five main roads connected to an intersection are connected to other main roads. The escape route is also one of the lanes, and it is possible to proceed non-stop. Each main road is composed of three lanes of an entry route and four lanes of an escape route. It is connected to the three lanes by a connecting road, which includes a section extending in the order of an entrance plan connected to an entry one-way, a closed curved ascending ramp, an overpass, a descending ramp, and an escape plan. From the overpass section of the connecting road, the connecting road connecting the three-way one-way lane of the main road 17 and the two-way escape road of the main road 20 is branched, and the connecting road is a descending slope section and an exit plan view road. Consists of. The two-way entry road of the main road 17 is connected to the three-way escape road of the main road 18 by a connecting road, which is an entrance plan connected to the entry road, a rising slope of a closed curve, an overpass, A descending ramp includes sections extending in order of escape plan view. The entrance plan view of the connection road, the ascending slope road and the overpass of the closed curve are the entrance plan view of the connection road connecting the three-way of the one-way entrance of the main road 17 and the three-way exit of the main road 19, It is configured to be coupled side by side with the rising slope and overpass of the closed curve. The one-way entry lane of the main road 17 is connected to the one-way escape road of the main road 21 by a connecting road. The three-way entry road of the main road 18 is a four-way escape road of the main road 17. Are connected by roads connected to. The access one-way lane of the main road 18 is connected to the escape one-way lane of the main road 19 by a connecting road, and the connecting road is an entrance plan connected to the entering one-way road, and the driving direction is 270 degrees. It includes a section extending in the order of the rising ramp, the overpass and the falling ramp. The one-way entry lane of the main road 18 is connected to the three-lane escape road of the main road 20 by a connecting road. From this connecting road, the connecting road connecting the first one-way lane of the main road 18 to the three-lane escape road of the main road 21 branches. The branched connection road includes a section extending in the order of the rising slope, the overpass, and the falling slope, and the overpass connects the two-way entry road of the main road 17 and the three-way escape road of the main road 18. It is configured to be coupled side by side with the overpass of the connecting road. The three-way entry road of the main road 19 is connected to the four-lane escape road of the main road 18 by a connecting road. The two-way entry road of the main road 19 is connected by the first road to the one-way escape road of the main road 20, and this connection road is converted to the ascending slope, the overpass, and the driving direction 270 degrees connected to the entry road. It includes a section extending in the order of closed curved descending slope road and escape plan road, and the overpass is the overpass section of the connecting road connecting the two-way access one-way of the main road (18) to the two-lane escape route of the main road (19) It is configured to be coupled side by side. The first one-way lane of the main roadway 19 is connected to the second one-way lane of the escape road of the main road 17 by extension roads in the order of ascending ramp, overpass, and descending ramp connected to the entrance one-way. The overpass section is configured to be coupled side by side with the overpass section of the connecting road connecting the two-way access one-way lane of the main road 18 to the two-way escape route of the main road (19). From the overpass section of the connecting road, the connecting road connecting the first one-way lane of the main road 19 and the four-way exit one-way of the main road 21 is branched, and this branched road is the main road 18. The entrance one way includes a descending slope section formed parallel to the descending slope section of the connecting road connecting the first lane and the escape route of the main road 21. The three way lane on the main road 20 is the main road. The escape side of (19) is also connected by a four-lane road. The two-way entry road of the main road 20 is connected to the two-way escape road of the main road 21 by a connection road, and the connection road is an entrance plan connected to the entry road, and the driving direction is switched to 270 degrees. It includes a section extending in the order of the rising slope, the overpass and the falling slope. Here, the entrance plan view is coupled parallel to the section of the escape plan view of the connecting road connecting the access one-way lane of the main road 19 and the escape one-way lane of the main road 20 and the overpass is the main road (17). ) And the one-way entry road of the main road (18) is combined side by side with the overpass of the connecting road connecting the two-way escape road of the main road (18), the descending slope road is the first one-way lane and the main road (21) Escape side of the road is configured to be coupled side by side with the descending slope of the connecting road connecting the three lanes. The one-way entry lane of the main road 20 is connected to the escape one-way lane of the main road 18 by a connection road. From this connection road, the one-way one-way lane of the main road 20 is connected to the three lanes of the main road 17, and a connection including a section extending in the order of the rising slope, the overpass, and the falling slope from the entering one-way side. The three-way entry road of the main road 21 is connected to the escape one-way lane of the main road 18 by a connecting road. Elevated road, closed curve descending slope of which the traveling direction is switched to 270 degrees, including sections in the order of escape plan view, the escape plan view is the one-way entrance of the main road 18 and the one-way escape of the main road 20 It is configured to be coupled side by side with the plan view of the connection road connecting the three lanes. From this connecting road, the connecting road connecting the three way lane of the main road 21 and the four way lane of the escape road of the main road 20 is diverged, and the branched connecting road is partly the entrance one way of the main road 18. The escape route of the first lane and the main road 20 is also configured to be coupled side by side with the connection road connecting the three lanes. The two-way entry one-way lane of the main road 21 is connected by a connection road to the one-way escape road of the main road 19. The connection road is an entrance plan connected to the one-way road, the rising slope, the overpass, and the falling slope. It includes a section extending in the order of, where the overpass and the descending ramp is the overpass and the descending slope of the connecting road connecting the two-way access one-way lane of the main road 18 and the two-way escape route of the main road (19) It is configured to be coupled side by side with. The one-way entry lane of the main road 21 is connected to the escape one-way lane of the main road 17 by a connecting road.

◎ Usage-It is a structure that is suitable for the five-way intersection at the center of the city and the traffic congestion of ROTARY, and can be used at the five-sided three-way intersection or the special area of the intersection of the expressway and the expressway.

FIG. 5B shows an eleventh embodiment 5A02 of the present invention, which is an improved type and is a three-dimensional intersection structure made to solve traffic jams in a special area.

◎ Usage-It is a five-sided three-way intersection that integrates Bongam Bridge (3 directions) and Changwon Sinchon Intersection (4 directions) of Masan, which is a double complex of Masan, Jinhae, and Changwon.

** Features and uses of 6-sided three-dimensional intersection structure **

6A, a twelfth embodiment 6A01 of the present invention is shown. The twelfth embodiment is the most ideal six-sided three-dimensional intersecting structure having a fully separated symmetrical structure, and all six sides have the same access method. As shown, each main road connected to the intersection of the twelfth embodiment of the present invention. Is composed of a five-way one-way entry and an escape one-way, and is connected to different main roads by the same connection method. For example, the main road 23 is the first main road and the two main roads are turned in clockwise order. (24), the main road No. 3 (25), the main road No. 4 (26), the main road No. 5 (27) and the main road No. 6 (28) to look at, the first way (23) entry way The five lanes are connected by the 15-65 connection road to the five lanes of the one-way escape route 28. The one-way entrance of the first route 23 is the four-way escape route of the three-way route 25 It is connected to the lane by a 14-32 connection road, which is an entrance plan connected to the entry one-way, and proceeds 360 degrees. It includes a section extending in the order of closed curved rising ramp, overpass, descending ramp and escape plan. 3 way lane 1 of the main roadway 23 is a one-way escape route of the second roadway 24 It is connected to the lane by a 13-21 connecting road, which is an entrance plan connected to the entry one-way, extending in the order of closed curved ascending ramp, overpass, descending ramp, and escape floor plan with 360-degree turn. It includes a section that becomes. Here, the entrance plan view, the ascending ramp and the overpass are configured to be coupled side by side with the ascending ramp and some of the overpasses of the entrance plan of the 14-32 connecting road. The lane is connected by the 12-53 connection road to the three-way escape route of the main road 5 (27), which is an entrance plan connected to the entrance one way, in the order of the turning up slope, the overpass, and the down slope. It includes an extended section. Here, the entry plan view is configured to be coupled side by side with the entry plan view of the 13-21 connecting road. The entry one-way lane 1 of the main roadway 23 is the four-way exit one-way road of the main roadway 26. It is connected by an 11-44 connection road, which is an entrance plan connected to an entry one-way, and includes a section extending in the order of a turning up ramp, an overpass, and a down ramp. Here, the entry floor plan, the turn-up ramp and the overpass are configured to be combined side by side with the turn-up ramp, along with the turn-up ramp and some overpasses on the 12-53 connecting road. ), The 3rd main road 25, the 4th main road 26, the 5th main road 27 and the 6th main road 28 are connected to different main roads by connecting roads.

◎ Usage: It is the most suitable structure for 6-way intersections in the center of the city or for traffic congestion of ROTARY when it is necessary for small space. In the case of applying to a large space, it can be applied to an urban outer circulation highway or an inner circulation road.

FIG. 6B shows a thirteenth embodiment (6B01) of the present invention, and FIG. 6C shows a fourteenth embodiment (6B02) of the present invention. The two embodiments have a three-dimensional cross-section structure suitable for roads of the same driving direction and a method of directly passing a short section of less than 5 km between adjacent roads.

◎ Usage: When the distance between the twelfth four-sided three-way intersection and the twelve-fourth three-sided intersection is near and as in the eighth embodiment (4E01), the coastal roads of islands and lands or the riverside roads (Olympic Avenue and Riverside North Road) It is a three-dimensional crossover structure suitable for all road structures in the case of short distance and direct penetration.

6C, the fifteenth embodiment of the present invention (6C01) is a three-dimensional intersection structure in which the intersection form of the eighth embodiment (4E01) and the intersection of the tenth embodiment (5A01) are double mixed.

◎ It is a three-dimensional intersection structure suitable for the link road network connecting the city center road or national road where three roads with very short distances with the same direction of travel are running side by side.

The present invention is a multi-faceted three-dimensional cross-section structure provided to smooth the traffic flow of the link road network connected to the expressway, and can reach the destination at minimum cost and energy without any obstacle when the link road network is reached to a desired destination. In addition, there is no problem even if the multi-directional three-dimensional intersection of the present invention is installed in place of the conventionally constructed intersection.

Claims (4)

In the three-way intersection consisting of six lanes of three-way lanes each, and connecting the main roads 1, 2, 3 and 4 arranged in a clockwise direction, The three lanes of the respective one way roads and the three lanes of the one-way escape roads of the 4th, 1st, 2nd and 3rd roads Four right turn connecting roads, The first and third driveways are left turn connecting roads each connecting one way lane to the first lane of the first and second exit lanes of the first and third driveways, respectively. Two first left turn connecting roads including a section extending in the order of an uphill road, an overpass, and a downhill road, in which a traveling direction is changed by 270 °; Two first straight connection paths connecting the first lane of each of the one-way and the two-way lanes of the one-way escape of the first and third roads Road, As the left turn connecting road connecting each of the two way lanes and the first lane of the first and second lanes, which are the main roads in the left turn direction, respectively, the ascending ramp connected to the one way road And two second left turn connecting roads comprising an elevated roadway, a descending slope road in which the traveling direction is shifted by 270 °, a section extending in the order of the plan view, and A straight connection road connecting the first lane of each of the two-way roads and the two-lanes of the one-way exit of the four-way streets, which are the straight roads, respectively, Two second straight connecting roads that include sections extending in the order of connected ascending, overpass, and descending slopes. Three-dimensional intersection including a. (4A01) It consists of six lanes of three lanes each, connecting one main road (5), two main roads (6), three main roads (7), and four main roads (8) arranged clockwise. In the three-dimensional intersection to say, A 13-43 connection road which is a plan road connecting the three way lanes of the first way road and the three way lanes of the way road to the fourth roadway; 12-21 connecting road connecting the two way lane and the one way road escape route to the first road, the plan view connected to the one way road, the closed curved upward slope of which the traveling direction is switched to 270 degrees 12-21 connecting roads with sections extending in the order of overpasses and descending ramps, 11-31 connection road, which is a plan view connecting the first one-way lane to the first roadway and the first-way escape road to the third roadway; 23-13 connection road, which is a plan road connecting the three-lane one-way road to the first roadway and the three-way escape road to the first roadway; 22-42 connection road connecting the two way lane to the one way road and the two way lane to the four way road, the section extending in the order of the rising slope, the overpass, and the falling slope connected to the entering one way 22-42 connection road having, 21-32 connecting road connecting the one-way one-way lane and the three-way escape one-way lane on the second main road, the section extending in the order of the rising slope, the overpass, and the falling slope connected to the entering one-way With 21-32 connection road, 33-23 connecting road which is a plan road connecting the 3rd lane of the 3rd lane of the one way road to the 3rd lane of the 2nd road, 32-41 connecting road connecting the two way lane and the one way lane to the first way of the third road, the plan view connected to the one way road, the closed curved upward slope of which the traveling direction is switched to 270 degrees. 32-41 connecting roads with sections extending in the order of overpasses and descending ramps, 11-31 connection road which is a plan road connecting the one-way one-way lane and the first-way escape one-way lane to the third main road; 43-33 connecting road, which is a plan view connecting the three-way lane to the one-way road and the three-way escape road to the third road, A 42-22 connection road connecting the two-way lane to the one-way access road and the two-way escape road to the second road, the section extending in the order of the rising slope, the overpass, and the falling slope connected to the entering one-way With a 42-22 connection road, and 41-12 connection road connecting the first one-way lane and the first-way escape one-way lane of the fourth road, the section extending in the order of the rising slope, the overpass, and the falling slope connected to the entering one-way 41-12 connection road with Three-dimensional intersection including a. (4A02) Each one consists of three lanes of six round trip lanes and connects the main road 1 (11), the main road 2 (12), the main road 3 (9) and the main road 4 (10) arranged clockwise. In the three-dimensional intersection to say, A 13-43 connection road, which is a plan road connecting the three-way one-way road to the first roadway and the three-way escape road to the fourth roadway; A 12-21 connection road which is a plan road connecting the two-way one-way road to the first road and the one-way escape road to the second road; 11 is a connecting road connecting the first one-way lane and the three-way one-way escape lane, and having a section extending in the order of the rising slope, the overpass, and the falling slope connected to the entering one-way. With -31 connection road, 23-13 connection road which is a plan road connecting the three way lane of the one way road to the second road and the three way lane of the one way road to the first road, As a connection road connecting the two-way lane and the two-way escape road to the second road, the plan road connected to the one-way road, the closed curved upward slope, the elevated road and the traveling direction is switched to 270 degrees 22-42 connecting road having a section extending in the order of the descending ramp, As a connection road connecting the first one-way lane and the three-way escape one-way lane of the second road, the plan road connected to the one-way road, the closed curved upward slope, the elevated road and the direction of travel is 270 degrees 21-32 connecting road having a section extending in the order of the descending ramp, A 33-23 connection road, which is a plan view connecting the three way lanes of the three way lanes to the three way lanes of the two way roads; A 32-41 connection road, which is a plan road connecting the two-way entrance to the third road and the first lane of the one-way escape to the fourth road; 31 is a connecting road connecting the first one-way lane and the first one-way escape lane of the third road, and having a section extending in the order of the rising slope, the overpass, and the falling slope connected to the entering one-way; With -11 connection road, A 43-33 connection road which is a plan road connecting the three-way one-way road to the fourth roadway and the three-way escape road to the third roadway; As a connection road connecting the two-way lane and the two-way escape road to the second road, the plan view connected to the road to the one-way, closed curve ascending slope, elevated road and 270 degrees of direction change A 42-22 connecting road with segments extending in the order of the descending ramp, and As a connection road connecting the first one-way lane and the first one-way escape one-lane of the fourth road, a plan view connected to the one-way road, closed curve ascending slope, elevated road and 270 degrees of the traveling direction 41-12 connecting road with segments extending in descending order Three-dimensional intersection comprising a. (4C01) Each one consists of three lanes of six round trip lanes and connects the main road 1 (13), the main road 2 (14), the main road 3 (15) and the main road 4 (16) arranged in a clockwise direction. In the three-dimensional intersection to say, As a connecting road connecting the three-way lane to the one-way road and the two-way escape road to the third road, the plan road is connected to the one-way road, and the closed curve ascending slope and the elevated road are changed to 270 degrees. 13-32 connecting road having a section extending in the order of the descending slope, As a connecting road connecting the two-way lane to the one-way road and the three-way escape road to the second road, a plan view connected to the one-way road, a closed curved ascending slope, overpass, where the traveling direction is 270 degrees; 12-23 connecting road having a section extending in the order of the descending ramp, A 11-41 connection road which is a plan road connecting the first one-way lane to the first roadway and the first-way escape road to the fourth roadway; 23-13 connection road which is a plan road connecting the three way lane of the one way road to the second road and the three way lane of the one way road to the first road, A road connecting the two way lanes of the one way road to the second lane and the two way lanes of the four way road, the section extending in the order of the rising slope, the overpass, and the falling slope 22-42 connection road having, A 21-31 connection road which is a plan road connecting the first one-way lane to the two-way main road and the one-way escape road to the third road; As a connecting road connecting the three way lane and the two way lane to the first way road, the plan view is connected to the one way road, and the driving direction is 270 degrees. 33-12 connecting road having a section extending in order of descending slope, As a connection road connecting the two-way lane and the one-way escape route three lanes of the third road, a plan view connected to the one-way road, closed curve ascending slope, elevated road, 270 degrees of the traveling direction, 32-43 connecting road having a section extending in the order of the descending ramp, 31-21 connection road which is a plan road connecting the first one-way lane and the second-way escape one-way lane to the third main road; A 43-33 connection road which is a plan road connecting the three-way one-way road to the fourth roadway and the three-way escape road to the third roadway; A connecting road connecting the two-way lane to the one-way of the fourth road and the two-way escape lane to the second road, the section extending in the order of the rising slope, the overpass, and the falling slope, in a plan view connected to the entering one-way. With a 42-22 connection road, and 41-11 connection road, which is a plan road connecting the one-way one-way lane to the first roadway and the one-way escape road to the first roadway Three-dimensional intersection comprising a. (4E01)