KR100391396B1 - Transformer for Power Saving - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a power-saving transformer, wherein in the transformer, a secondary end of the transformer is provided with a bypass stage through which reactive power applied from the primary side is passed, and a secondary side of the transformer has a power factor improvement of 7.5%. A first tap having an effect, a second tap formed on the secondary side of the transformer and having a 10% power factor improving effect, and a third tap formed on the secondary side of the transformer, having a power factor improving effect of 12.5% And a conversion switch for switching the bypass stage, the first tap, the second tap, and the third tap, wherein the reactive power applied to the primary side of the transformer is used to supply a voltage of 220 V and a current of 30 A, respectively, of 200 V and 27 A, respectively. By converting and reducing the power, and configuring the secondary side current 24.5A to be recycled back to the primary side to supply a stable amount of power to the load connected to the secondary side, Which is effective to the consumption of reactive power from an applied throughout in the normal range of movement of the various electric and electronic devices of the load and at the same time effectively controlling the voltage to improve the power factor to minimize power consumption and power usage.

Description

Transformer for Power Savings

The present invention relates to a power-saving transformer, and more particularly, to make the reactive power applied from the distribution panel effective power within the normal operating range of various electrical and electronic devices serving as loads to effectively control voltage and improve power factor. It relates to a power-saving transformer for.

A transformer is an inductive coupling of two electrical circuits by two or more windings or by a single winding with a tab, with and without windings.

In general, reactive power refers to electric power that does not actually do anything and consumes no heat since it repeats every half cycle, such as when an AC current flows through inductance and capacitance. It refers to the power that does not actually work among the apparent power. If the effective values of AC voltage and current are V and I, respectively, and the phase angle is φ, the apparent power becomes VI, and the active power and reactive power are represented by VIcosφ and VIsinφ, respectively.

In addition, effective power is an amount given by VIcos θ when the effective value of voltage is V, the effective value of current is I, and the phase difference between them is θ. This is the power that changes from the load to the actual effective one, as opposed to reactive power or apparent power.

Power factor refers to the effective power divided by the apparent power, and the circuit resistance divided by the circuit impedance at the operating frequency. If both the circuit voltage and the circuit current are sine waves, the power factor is the cosine of the phase difference between voltage and current.

The electricity rate according to the power factor is added to or discounted on the electricity rate as the power factor effect increases when there is little reactive power.

Currently, domestic power companies reserve about 6% of their electricity reserves for the peak season, which is expected to increase the electricity rate in phases in anticipation of a shortage of electricity supply in accordance with government policies. In addition, the government is encouraging power savings for companies and citizens as well as raising power bills.

In the conventional transformer, in FIG. 1, the electric power of 220V-30A which is a commercial power source, that is, reactive power 6,600W (voltage x current) is transmitted from the distribution board 1 to the load 2 side as it is. Therefore, the amount of power used is 6,600W, which is calculated as the actual power consumption and converted into electric charges. Electricity rate is the base rate plus power consumption rate and power factor rate.

This, referring to the power conversion diagram of Fig. 2, the contraction power factor is usually improved to 100% when the power factor on the primary side is taken by the fastening capacitor 4. However, the power factor of the transformer 3 is 60% due to the load. When using low loads, such as at night, the forward power factor is achieved. In the sum of the vectors, the active power 100 becomes the reactive power 75 and the actual power is 125, improving the power factor of the secondary side by about 60 to 80%.

As described above, power supply in the related art consumes more electricity than actual use by supplying spare power in consideration of a decrease in efficiency of electric and electronic devices.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention aims to reduce the use of power by realizing reactive power, effectively controlling voltage, and improving power factor within the normal operating range of various electric and electronic devices. to be.

Another object of the present invention is to extend a service life of an electric / electronic device or a facility by supplying a constant voltage to a load.

1 is a block diagram showing a state in which power is directly supplied to various loads from a distribution panel in the related art.

2 is a power conversion diagram of a conventional transformer,

3 is a block diagram showing a state in which a power saving transformer according to the present invention is connected between a distribution board and a load;

4 is an input / output diagram of a power saving transformer of the present invention;

5 is a block diagram showing a single-phase transformer for power saving of the present invention;

6 is a circuit diagram of a single phase transformer of the present invention;

7 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a single phase transformer of the present invention;

8 is a power conversion diagram of the transformer of the present invention.

♣ Explanation of symbols for main part of drawing ♣

10: distribution panel 20: load

30: transformer 32: conversion switch

The present invention for the above object, in the transformer, the secondary side of the transformer is provided with a bypass stage for passing through the reactive power applied from the primary side, and the secondary side of the transformer, the power factor improvement effect of 7.5% A first tap having a second tap formed on the secondary side of the transformer and having a power factor improving effect of 10%, a third tap formed on the secondary side of the transformer having a power factor improving effect of 12.5%, And a conversion switch for switching the bypass stage, the first tap, the second tap, and the third tap, wherein the reactive power applied to the primary side of the transformer is a voltage of 220 V and a current of 30 A to an active power of a voltage of 200 V and 27 A, respectively. Power saving transformer for converting and reducing, and stably supplying the required size power to the load connected to the secondary side by configuring 24.5A of secondary side to be recycled back to the primary side Provided by the bots can be achieved.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

3 is a block diagram showing a state in which a power saving transformer according to the present invention is connected between a distribution board and a load.

The distribution panel 10 is for supplying power indoors by connecting wires branched from the columnar transformer, and a power meter or the like is usually installed. The power supplied from the distribution panel 10 is an AC voltage of 220V and an AC current of 30A.

The transformer 30 drops and outputs a predetermined alternating voltage, i.e., 200V, and drops it to a predetermined alternating current, i.e., 27A, and outputs it. In addition, 220V / 24.5A is recycled. Therefore, since the transformer 30 outputs 5,400W of power of 200V / 27A from the secondary side and 6,600W of 220V / 30A power applied to the primary side, the power used for the actual load 20 becomes 5,400W. The electricity bill is 5,400W. In addition, on the secondary side, the recycle power of 220V / 24.5A is 5,400W, and the actual usage is 5,400W.

Therefore, the power charge of about 15 to 30% can be reduced by cutting off the counter electromotive force and recycling power in response to the reduction of the used voltage. This can prevent the reactive power not used in the load 20 from being returned to heat or power.

4 is related to the input / output of the transformer 30. Three phases of R, S, and T are applied to an input terminal of the transformer 30, and the input current is 300A or more at maximum. Three phases of R, S, and T are output at the output stage, and the output current is up to 300A.

In addition, the bypass stage of the transformer 30 and a plurality of taps TAP1 and TAP2 are configured, and the bypass stage and the plurality of taps TAP1 and TAP2 are connected to the conversion switch 32. The changeover switch 32 is a comm switch or a magnet switch. The first tap TAP1 has a power factor improvement effect of 7.5% and the second tap TAP2 has a power factor improvement effect of 10%. In addition, although not shown in the drawing, a third tap TAP3 having a power factor improving effect of 12.5% is also connected.

The output or input line between the transformer 30 and the conversion switch 32 requires a line of a maximum size of 10%, and the conversion switch 32 may be as small as possible.

Fig. 5 is a block diagram showing a single phase transformer for power saving, in which main currents of R and T flow through current coils A and B, which are shunt parts, and current coils A and B. There is a voltage drop of a certain magnitude due to the impedance of, and the main current flows through VV. In addition, the magnetic flux is generated on the side of the corresponding auxiliary coils C and D by the current coils A and B. FIG.

The energy induced by the magnetic flux from the current coils (A) and (B) corresponding to the points C1 and C2 from the auxiliary coils (C) and (D) connected in series with the current coils (A) and (B) Appears. C1 and C2 points are connected, and input and output energy on the side corresponding to each other. At this time, the noise included in the energy is removed and a voltage drop of a predetermined size occurs.

Therefore, the power saving transformer of the present invention drops and supplies a voltage having a predetermined magnitude within an allowable range for various loads (electrical and electronic devices), and supplies rectified current to the load. In the three-phase circuit, the R, S, and T phases are supplied with a completely stable current and voltage. In single-phase circuits, stability between the R and T phases is maintained.

By achieving the power factor improvement on the secondary side, it compensates for the power lost in the power-saving transformer and at the same time has some unnecessary current on the corresponding coil side, but does not recover it.

In the circuit diagram of the single-phase transformer of FIG. 6, the power exchange of the three-phase transformer is equal to 1: 1, and the power-saving transformer using this principle saves 10% of reactive power on the current coil (i) side and saves 10% of the power. It flows into the voltage coil v. Therefore, a reduction of 10% + 10% = 20% is possible. It is possible to dissipate the amount of power consumed and the transformer's capacity.

The equivalent circuit diagram of the single-phase transformer of FIG. 7 shows that E1 / E2 = W1 / (W1 + W2) = a between E1 (V) and E2 (V) of the primary EMF, and ignores the excitation current. And I1 / I2 = (W1 + W2) / W1 = 1 / a between the primary current I1 and the secondary current I2, and the current I flowing through the shunt winding is I = I1-I2 = (1 -a) I1.

Single-phase transformers are used for limiting the inrush current in the case of starting of high voltage booster induction motors for individual purposes and are used for starting guarantees.

In addition, the single-phase transformer has a difference between I, I1, and I2, so that the conductor of the shunt winding is fine. The turns ratio a is close to I, I is small, so there is not little loss, and there is also little copper loss. Shunt winding has no leakage flux and voltage fluctuation rate is good.

FIG. 8 is a power conversion diagram of a transformer, in which power applied to the primary side of the transformer 30 (for example, 6,600 W) is converted and rectified to generate 5,400 W of power on the secondary side. And the apparent power is supplied to the load among the reactive power. This is achieved by the power-saving transformer 30, and furthermore, the power factor of the transformer secondary side is improved by about 90 to 95%, the iron loss and copper loss of the transformer are reduced by the overcurrent, and the transformer has room to spare (10 to 10). 20%) can be added. It is also possible to control the increase revision of contract power. Power factor at low load can be significantly improved. The power factor on the primary side is improved, which saves the base rate and power usage fee. In addition, the active power in the sum of the vectors shows the actual power at the smaller reactive power. The active power is small reactive power and the actual power is small, so that a plurality of loads can be used simultaneously.

The power saving transformer of the present invention is coupled to a predetermined equipment or device, and the output voltage is on the secondary side when the input voltage is 224 V or less at the bypass stage when the selector switch configured in the equipment or device is located at the automatic stage. Bypass, 224 to 230 V on the primary side is output at 208 to 213 V at the first tap, 231 to 240 V on the primary side is output at 208 to 215 V at the second tap, and in the case of 241 V or more on the primary side, the third tap Is output over 210V. Therefore, the improved power factor is 7.5% at the first tap, 10% at the second tap, and 12.5% at the third tap.

As described above, the power-saving transformer of the present invention is for supplying the output voltage stably by reducing the voltage more than necessary among the voltages inputted to the primary side, and is not limited to the above.

The power-saving transformer of the present invention described above is to make the reactive power active power between the distribution panel and the load so that only the required power is output. Since the power is supplied as necessary, a predetermined power saving effect can be achieved and uniformity. It extends the lifespan of electronic and electrical equipment by supplying the effective power, stabilizes the output voltage by reducing the voltage more than necessary among the input voltage, and improves the power factor, and adds the smoothing function to reduce the noise of the input power. It can be applied to the situation of supply voltage and load by the configuration of a plurality of taps, and improved the noise reduction function by supplying the required amount of load to the load. It has the effect of maximizing economic efficiency.

Claims (5)

In the transformer, A bypass stage for passing the reactive power applied from the primary side to the secondary side of the transformer; A first tap configured on the secondary side of the transformer and having a power factor improving effect of 7.5%; A second tap configured on the secondary side of the transformer and having a power factor improving effect of 10%; A third tap configured on the secondary side of the transformer and having a power factor improving effect of 12.5%; And a conversion switch for switching the bypass stage, the first tap, the second tap, and the third tap, And converting and reducing voltage 220V and current 30A to active power of voltage 200V and 27A, respectively, with reactive power applied to the primary side of the transformer, and recycling the secondary current 24.5A back to the primary side. Power saving transformer. delete delete delete 2. The method of claim 1, wherein in the bypass stage, when the input voltage is 224 V or less, the secondary side is bypassed. The primary side 224 to 230 V is output as 208 to 213 V at the first tap, and the primary side is 231 to 240 V. Is output from 208 to 215V at the second tap, and is output at 210V or more at the third tap in the case of 241V or more on the primary side.