KR100381238B1 - Method for diagnosing a catalyst of an exhaust system for a motor vehicle - Google Patents
Method for diagnosing a catalyst of an exhaust system for a motor vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- KR100381238B1 KR100381238B1 KR10-2000-0066483A KR20000066483A KR100381238B1 KR 100381238 B1 KR100381238 B1 KR 100381238B1 KR 20000066483 A KR20000066483 A KR 20000066483A KR 100381238 B1 KR100381238 B1 KR 100381238B1
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- fuel injection
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
- B60Y2400/90—Driver alarms
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2550/00—Monitoring or diagnosing the deterioration of exhaust systems
- F01N2550/02—Catalytic activity of catalytic converters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
- F01N2560/02—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor
- F01N2560/025—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor for measuring or detecting O2, e.g. lambda sensors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/04—Methods of control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/0402—Methods of control or diagnosing using adaptive learning
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/04—Methods of control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/0416—Methods of control or diagnosing using the state of a sensor, e.g. of an exhaust gas sensor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
Abstract
본 발명은 배기 시스템을 통해 자동차의 외부로 배출되는 엔진의 연소 가스를 정화하기 위한 촉매의 열화 여부를 진단하는 방법에 관한 것이다. 본 발명에 따른 촉매 진단 방법은, 자동차의 각종 주행 상태가 진단 개시 조건을 만족하는지 판단하는 단계; 진단 개시 조건을 만족하면, 퍼지 제어 밸브를 폐쇄하고 그 기능을 비활성화시키며 전자제어유닛의 연료 분사량 학습 기능도 비활성화시키는 단계; 산소 센서의 출력 신호로부터 촉매의 열화도를 계산하고, 계산된 값을 미리 설정된 기준값과 비교하여 촉매의 열화 여부를 판단하는 단계; 촉매가 열화된 것으로 판단되면 이를 운전자에게 경고하는 단계; 및 퍼지 제어 밸브의 기능 및 전자 제어 유닛의 연료 분사량 학습 기능을 활성화시키는 단계를 포함한다.The present invention relates to a method for diagnosing whether a catalyst deteriorates for purifying combustion gas of an engine discharged to an outside of an automobile through an exhaust system. In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, a catalyst diagnosis method includes determining whether various driving conditions of a vehicle satisfy a diagnosis start condition; If the diagnosis start condition is satisfied, closing the purge control valve, deactivating the function and deactivating the fuel injection amount learning function of the electronic control unit; Calculating a degree of deterioration of the catalyst from an output signal of the oxygen sensor, and comparing the calculated value with a preset reference value to determine whether the catalyst deteriorates; Alerting the driver if it is determined that the catalyst has degraded; And activating a function of the purge control valve and a fuel injection amount learning function of the electronic control unit.
Description
본 발명은 자동차의 엔진에서 발생된 연소 가스를 자동차의 외부로 배출하기 위한 배기 시스템에 관한 것이며, 보다 구체적으로는 배기 시스템을 통해 배출되는 연소 가스를 정화하기 위한 촉매의 열화 여부를 진단하는 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to an exhaust system for discharging the combustion gas generated from the engine of the vehicle to the outside of the vehicle, and more particularly to a method for diagnosing whether a catalyst deteriorates for purifying the combustion gas discharged through the exhaust system. It is about.
자동차의 엔진은 공기와 연료가 혼합된 혼합기가 실린더 내부에서 연소되는 것에 의해 작동되며, 이때 발생되는 연소 가스는 배기 매니폴드와 배기 파이프로 이루어진 배기 시스템을 통해 외부로 배출된다.The engine of a vehicle is operated by a mixture of air and fuel mixed inside a cylinder, and the combustion gas generated is discharged to the outside through an exhaust system consisting of an exhaust manifold and an exhaust pipe.
그런데, 연소 가스가 배기 파이프를 통해 그냥 배출될 경우 매우 큰 배기 소음이 발생될 뿐만 아니라 연소 가스 중의 유해 성분이 대기 중으로 방출되어 심각한 대기 오염을 유발한다. 따라서, 배기 소음을 저감하기 위한 소음기와 연소 가스중의 유해 성분을 정화하기 위한 촉매 컨버터가 배기 파이프의 중간 일측에 설치되어 있다.However, if the combustion gas is just discharged through the exhaust pipe, not only very loud exhaust noise is generated, but also harmful components in the combustion gas are released into the atmosphere, causing serious air pollution. Accordingly, a silencer for reducing exhaust noise and a catalytic converter for purifying harmful components in the combustion gas are provided on one side of the exhaust pipe.
촉매 컨버터는 금속제 용기 내에 촉매가 수용되어 있는 형태를 가지며, 촉매는 화학 반응에 의해 연소 가스 중의 유해 성분을 정화시킨다.The catalytic converter has a form in which a catalyst is contained in a metal container, and the catalyst purifies harmful components in the combustion gas by chemical reaction.
그러나, 이러한 촉매는 배기 가스의 고열 및 배기 가스 중의 중금속 등에 의해 열화되어 그 정화 성능이 저하된다. 따라서, 촉매의 열화로 인해 배기 가스 중의 유해 성분이 정화되지 않고 대기 중으로 방출되는 것을 방지할 수 있도록 적절한 시기에 촉매 컨버터를 교환하는 것이 필요하다.However, such a catalyst deteriorates due to high heat of the exhaust gas and heavy metals in the exhaust gas and the like, and the purification performance thereof is lowered. Therefore, it is necessary to replace the catalytic converter at an appropriate time in order to prevent harmful components in the exhaust gas from being released into the atmosphere without being purified due to deterioration of the catalyst.
이를 위하여 촉매의 열화를 진단하는 것이 필요하며, 이는 도 1에 도시된 바와 같은 방법으로 이루어진다.To this end, it is necessary to diagnose deterioration of the catalyst, which is done in the manner as shown in FIG.
우선, 촉매의 진단을 위해서는 자동차가 정상적인 운행 상태에 있고, 촉매가 정상적으로 작동되어야 한다. 이를 위해, 가장 먼저 자동차의 각종 주행 상태가 촉매의 진단 개시 조건을 만족하는지를 판단한다(S1).First, for the diagnosis of the catalyst, the vehicle is in a normal driving state, and the catalyst must be operated normally. To this end, first, it is determined whether various driving states of the vehicle satisfy the diagnostic start condition of the catalyst (S1).
진단 개시 조건들은 다음과 같다.Diagnostic initiation conditions are as follows.
1. 엔진의 냉각수 온도 < 74.25℃,1.coolant temperature of engine <74.25 ℃,
2. 400℃ < 촉매온도 < 902℃,2. 400 ℃ <catalyst temperature <902 ℃,
3. 5Km/h < 자동차의 주행 속도 < 180Km/h,3. 5Km / h <running speed of car <180Km / h,
4. 엔진 회전수 및 부하가 소정 범위 내에 있을 것,4. The engine speed and load shall be within the prescribed range,
5. 엔진 회전수, 부하, 및 연료 분사량의 편차들이 각각 소정 범위 내에 있을 것,5. The deviations of engine speed, load and fuel injection amount are each within a predetermined range,
6. 엔진의 워밍업(warming-up)이 완료된 상태일 것, 그리고6. The engine has been warmed up; and
7. 퍼지 제어 밸브(purge control valve)가 닫히는 도중이 아닐 것, 즉 퍼지 제어 밸브가 닫힌 상태 또는 열린 상태일 것.7. The purge control valve is not in the middle of closing, ie the purge control valve is closed or open.
이상과 같은 7가지의 진단 개시 조건이 모두 만족되면, 촉매의 열화 진단을 개시한다. 촉매의 진단은 배기 파이프 내에 설치된 산소 센서의 출력 신호의 진촉과 주파수 변동을 이용하여 열화도를 계산하고(S2), 이를 미리 설정된 기준치와 비교(S3)함으로써 수행된다. 계산된 열화도가 기준치 이상이면 촉매가 열화된 것으로 판단하고, 경고등을 점등하는 등의 방법으로 운전자에게 촉매의 열화를 알린다(S4). 열화도가 기준치 이하이면, 촉매는 정상인 것으로 판단한다(S5).When all seven diagnostic start conditions as described above are satisfied, diagnostic diagnosis of catalyst degradation is started. Diagnosis of the catalyst is performed by calculating the degree of degradation (S2) by using the oscillation and frequency variation of the output signal of the oxygen sensor installed in the exhaust pipe (S2), and comparing it with a predetermined reference value (S3). If the calculated degree of degradation is greater than or equal to the reference value, it is determined that the catalyst is deteriorated, and the driver is notified of the deterioration of the catalyst by a method such as lighting a warning light (S4). If the degree of degradation is less than or equal to the reference value, it is determined that the catalyst is normal (S5).
그런데, 상기와 같은 종래의 촉매 진단 방법은 다음과 같은 단점이 있었다.However, the conventional catalyst diagnosis method as described above has the following disadvantages.
우선, 퍼지 제어 밸브가 열린 상태에서 촉매 진단이 수행될 경우 연료 탱크로부터 흡기 매니폴드를 통해 실린더로 유입되는 연료 증발 가스로 인하여 공연비가 변화될 수 있다. 이에 따라 산소 센서의 출력 신호가 변화됨으로써 촉매 진단의 정확성과 신뢰성이 저하될 수 있다.First, when the catalyst diagnosis is performed with the purge control valve open, the air-fuel ratio may be changed due to the fuel evaporation gas flowing from the fuel tank to the cylinder through the intake manifold. As a result, the output signal of the oxygen sensor is changed, thereby reducing the accuracy and reliability of the catalyst diagnosis.
또한, 전자제어유닛을 채택한 대부분의 자동차에서는 자동차의 주행 상태에 따라 최적의 엔진 성능이 발휘될 수 있도록 학습에 의해 연료 분사량을 보정하는 기능을 가지고 있다. 이와 같은 연료 분사량의 학습 기능이 활성화된 상태에서는 연료 분사량의 변화에 따라 공연비가 변화된다. 이에 따라 산소 센서의 출력 신호가 변화되어 촉매 진단의 정확성 및 신뢰성이 저하될 수 있다.In addition, most vehicles employing an electronic control unit have a function of correcting fuel injection amount by learning so that optimal engine performance can be exhibited according to the driving state of the vehicle. When the learning function of the fuel injection amount is activated, the air-fuel ratio is changed in accordance with the change of the fuel injection amount. As a result, the output signal of the oxygen sensor is changed, which may lower the accuracy and reliability of the catalyst diagnosis.
본 발명은 상기와 같은 점을 감안하여 안출된 것으로, 진단의 정확성 및 신뢰성이 향상될 수 있도록 촉매 진단시 공연비가 변화되는 것을 방지할 수 있는 자동차용 배기 시스템의 촉매 진단 방법을 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a catalyst diagnosis method for an exhaust system for automobiles which can prevent the air-fuel ratio from changing during the catalyst diagnosis so that the accuracy and reliability of the diagnosis can be improved. have.
도 1은 종래의 자동차용 배기 시스템의 촉매 진단 방법을 도시한 흐름도.1 is a flowchart illustrating a catalyst diagnosis method of a conventional vehicle exhaust system.
도 2는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 자동차용 배기 시스템의 촉매 진단 방법을 도시한 흐름도.2 is a flowchart illustrating a catalyst diagnosis method of an exhaust system for a vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
상기와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명에 따른 자동차용 배기 시스템의 촉매 진단 방법은, 자동차의 각종 주행 상태가 진단 개시 조건을 만족하는지 판단하는 단계; 진단 개시 조건을 만족하면, 퍼지 제어 밸브를 폐쇄하고 그 기능을 비활성화시키며 전자제어유닛의 연료 분사량 학습 기능도 비활성화시키는 단계; 산소 센서의 출력 신호로부터 촉매의 열화도를 계산하고, 계산된 값을 미리 설정된 기준값과 비교하여 촉매의 열화 여부를 판단하는 단계; 촉매가 열화된 것으로 판단되면 이를 운전자에게 경고하는 단계; 및 퍼지 제어 밸브의 기능 및 전자 제어 유닛의 연료 분사량 학습 기능을 활성화시키는 단계를 포함한다.According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a catalyst diagnosis method for an exhaust system for a vehicle, including: determining whether various driving conditions of a vehicle satisfy a diagnosis start condition; If the diagnosis start condition is satisfied, closing the purge control valve, deactivating the function and deactivating the fuel injection amount learning function of the electronic control unit; Calculating a degree of deterioration of the catalyst from an output signal of the oxygen sensor, and comparing the calculated value with a preset reference value to determine whether the catalyst deteriorates; Alerting the driver if it is determined that the catalyst has degraded; And activating a function of the purge control valve and a fuel injection amount learning function of the electronic control unit.
이하, 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 상세하게 설명한다.Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
도 2는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 촉매 진단 방법을 도시한 흐름도이다.2 is a flowchart illustrating a catalyst diagnosis method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도시된 바와 같이, 우선 자동차의 주행 상태가 촉매 진단 개시 조건을 만족하는지 판단한다(S11). 진단 개시 조건은 상술한 종래의 방법에서 개시된 진단 조건과 동일하다.As shown, first, it is determined whether the driving state of the vehicle satisfies the catalyst diagnosis start condition (S11). The diagnostic start condition is the same as the diagnostic condition disclosed in the above-mentioned conventional method.
진단 조건이 만족되면, 다음 단계로 퍼지 제어 밸브를 폐쇄하고 그 기능을비활성화시킨다(S12). 그리고, 전자 제어 유닛의 연료 분사량 학습 기능 또한 비활성화시킨다(S13). 이는 전자 제어 유닛 내에 설정된 퍼지 제어 밸브 기능 비활성화 플래그(flag) 및 연료 분사량 학습 기능 비활성화 플래그를 온(ON)으로 세팅하는 것에 의해 이루어진다. 결과적으로, 퍼지 제어 밸브는 폐쇄된 상태로 유지되어 연료 탱크의 연료 증발 가스는 실린더 내로 유입되지 않으며, 공연비는 크게 변화되지 않는다. 또한, 연료 분사량 학습 기능이 비활성화됨으로써 연료 분사량이 변화되지 않으므로, 역시 공연비는 크게 변화되지 않는다.If the diagnostic condition is satisfied, the next step is to close the purge control valve and deactivate the function (S12). Then, the fuel injection amount learning function of the electronic control unit is also deactivated (S13). This is done by setting the purge control valve function deactivation flag and the fuel injection amount learning function deactivation flag set in the electronic control unit to ON. As a result, the purge control valve is kept closed so that the fuel evaporated gas of the fuel tank does not flow into the cylinder, and the air-fuel ratio does not change significantly. In addition, since the fuel injection amount does not change by deactivating the fuel injection amount learning function, the air-fuel ratio also does not change significantly.
그리고 나서, 배기 파이프 내에 설치된 산소 센서의 출력값으로부터 촉매의 열화도를 계산한다(S14). 계산된 열화도를 미리 설정된 기준치와 비교하여 열화 여부를 판단한다(S15). 열화도가 기준치 이상이면 촉매가 열화된 것으로 판단하고, 경고등을 점등하는 등의 방법으로 운전자에게 촉매의 열화를 알린다(S16). 열화도가 기준치 이하이면, 촉매는 정상인 것으로 판단한다(S17).Then, the degree of degradation of the catalyst is calculated from the output value of the oxygen sensor provided in the exhaust pipe (S14). The degree of degradation is determined by comparing the calculated degree of degradation with a preset reference value (S15). If the degree of degradation is equal to or more than the reference value, it is determined that the catalyst is deteriorated, and the driver is notified of the deterioration of the catalyst by a method such as lighting a warning light (S16). If the degree of degradation is less than or equal to the reference value, it is determined that the catalyst is normal (S17).
진단이 완료되고 나면, 퍼지 제어 밸브 기능 비활성화 플래그 및 연료 분사량 학습 기능 비활성화 플래그를 온(OFF)으로 세팅하여, 퍼지 제어 밸브의 기능 및 연료 분사량 학습 기능을 활성화시킨다(S18, S19).After the diagnosis is completed, the purge control valve function deactivation flag and the fuel injection amount learning function deactivation flag are set to OFF to activate the function of the purge control valve and the fuel injection amount learning function (S18 and S19).
상기된 바와 같은 본 발명은, 진단을 개시하기 전에 퍼지 제어 밸브를 폐쇄하고 연료 분사량 학습 기능을 비활성화시킴으로써, 연료 증발 가스 또는 연료 분사량 변화에 의한 공연비 변화를 방지할 수 있다. 따라서, 일정한 공연비가 유지되는 상태에서 촉매의 진단이 이루어지기 때문에 촉매 진단의 정확성 및 신뢰성이 향상되는 장점이 있다.The present invention as described above can prevent the air-fuel ratio change due to fuel evaporation gas or fuel injection amount change by closing the purge control valve and deactivating the fuel injection amount learning function before starting the diagnosis. Therefore, since the diagnosis of the catalyst is made while maintaining a constant air-fuel ratio, there is an advantage in that the accuracy and reliability of the catalyst diagnosis are improved.
이상에서는, 본 발명을 특정의 바람직한 실시예에 대해서 도시하고 설명하였다. 그러나, 본 발명은 상술한 실시예에만 한정되는 것은 아니며, 본 발명이 속하는 기술 분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자라면 이하의 특허청구범위에 기재된 본 발명의 기술적 사상의 요지를 벗어남이 없이 얼마든지 다양하게 변경실시할 수 있을 것이다.In the above, the present invention has been illustrated and described with respect to certain preferred embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited only to the above-described embodiments, and those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains may vary without departing from the spirit of the technical idea of the present invention described in the claims below. It may be changed.
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JPH0791230A (en) * | 1993-09-28 | 1995-04-04 | Hitachi Ltd | Catalyst diagnostic device |
JPH07109918A (en) * | 1993-10-13 | 1995-04-25 | Unisia Jecs Corp | Catalysis degradation diagnosing device for internal combustion engine |
KR960023637A (en) * | 1994-12-30 | 1996-07-20 | 전성원 | Catalyst deterioration detection system of vehicle |
JPH0941954A (en) * | 1995-08-02 | 1997-02-10 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Deterioration detector for catalyst of internal combustion engine |
JPH1018835A (en) * | 1996-07-05 | 1998-01-20 | Mazda Motor Corp | Catalyst deterioration detecting method for engine and its device |
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JPH0791230A (en) * | 1993-09-28 | 1995-04-04 | Hitachi Ltd | Catalyst diagnostic device |
JPH07109918A (en) * | 1993-10-13 | 1995-04-25 | Unisia Jecs Corp | Catalysis degradation diagnosing device for internal combustion engine |
KR960023637A (en) * | 1994-12-30 | 1996-07-20 | 전성원 | Catalyst deterioration detection system of vehicle |
JPH0941954A (en) * | 1995-08-02 | 1997-02-10 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Deterioration detector for catalyst of internal combustion engine |
JPH1018835A (en) * | 1996-07-05 | 1998-01-20 | Mazda Motor Corp | Catalyst deterioration detecting method for engine and its device |
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