KR100379271B1 - Method of controlling air-conditioner used both cooling and heating - Google Patents
Method of controlling air-conditioner used both cooling and heating Download PDFInfo
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- KR100379271B1 KR100379271B1 KR10-2000-0035023A KR20000035023A KR100379271B1 KR 100379271 B1 KR100379271 B1 KR 100379271B1 KR 20000035023 A KR20000035023 A KR 20000035023A KR 100379271 B1 KR100379271 B1 KR 100379271B1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
- F25B49/025—Motor control arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2140/00—Control inputs relating to system states
- F24F2140/50—Load
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2115—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor
- F25B2700/21152—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor at the discharge side of the compressor
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
Abstract
본 발명은 냉난방 에어컨에 관한 것으로써, 특히 난방운전 시, 압축기 출구부의 온도를 기준으로 실외팬 모터의 구동을 제어함으로써, 압축기의 부하를 일정하게 유지시키면서 계속적으로 압축기를 운전시킬 수 있도록 한 냉난방 에어컨의 운전제어방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a cooling and heating air conditioner, in particular, during the heating operation, by controlling the drive of the outdoor fan motor based on the temperature of the compressor outlet, the cooling and air conditioning air conditioning to continuously operate the compressor while maintaining a constant load of the compressor It relates to the operation control method of the.
Description
본 발명은 냉난방 에어컨에 관한 것으로써, 특히 난방운전 시 압축기 출구부의 온도를 기준으로 실외팬모터의 구동을 제어함으로써, 압축기의 부하를 일정하게 유지시키면서 계속적으로 압축기를 운전시킬 수 있도록 한 냉난방 에어컨의 운전제어방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a cooling and heating air conditioner, in particular, by controlling the operation of the outdoor fan motor based on the temperature of the compressor outlet in the heating operation, it is possible to continuously operate the compressor while maintaining a constant load of the compressor It relates to a driving control method.
일반적인 에어컨은 액체가 증발할 때 주위의 열을 흡수하는 현상을 이용하여 냉방작용을 하는 것으로서 이러한 냉방작용 이외에도, 제습작용을 함께 수행한다.In general, the air conditioner uses the phenomenon of absorbing the surrounding heat when the liquid evaporates, and performs cooling as well as dehumidification.
냉난방 에어컨의 경우 냉방과 난방의 경우 냉매의 순환경로를 반대로 하여 난방운전 시에는 실외의 열을 흡수하여 실내로 방출하게 되고, 냉방운전 시에는 실내의 열을 흡수하여 실외로 방출하게 된다.In the case of air-conditioning and air-conditioning, in the case of cooling and heating, the circulation path of the refrigerant is reversed, and the heating operation absorbs heat from the outside and releases it to the interior.
도1은 종래의 냉난방 에어컨(10)의 냉매순환도이다.1 is a refrigerant circulation diagram of a conventional heating and cooling air conditioner (10).
여기에 도시된 바와 같이 냉매를 압축시키는 압축기(20)와, 압축기(20)의 출력단에 냉매의 순환경로를 변경하기 위한 사방변(30)이 설치된다. 그리고, 일측이 사방변(30)과 연결되어 실내에서 열교환이 이루어지는 실내열교환기(40)와, 일측이 사방변(30)과 연결되어 실외에서 열교환이 이루어지는 실외열교환기(50)와, 실내열교환기(40)의 타측과 실외열교환기(50)의 타측간에 매개된 감압장치(60)로 이루어진다.As shown here, a compressor 20 for compressing a refrigerant and four sides 30 for changing a circulation path of the refrigerant are provided at an output end of the compressor 20. And, one side is connected to the four sides 30, the indoor heat exchanger 40 is a heat exchange in the room, and one side is connected to the four sides 30, the outdoor heat exchanger 50, the heat exchange in the outdoors and the indoor heat exchange It consists of a pressure reduction device (60) interposed between the other side of the unit 40 and the other side of the outdoor heat exchanger (50).
그리고, 실내열교환기(40)에는 실내온도를 측정하는 실내온도센서(42)와, 실내열교환기(40)의 코일온도를 측정하는 실내열교환기 코일온도센서(44)와, 실내팬(46)과 실내팬의 구동을 위한 실내팬모터(48)가 설치되고, 실외열교환기(50)에는 실외온도를 측정하는 실외온도센서(52)와, 실외열교환기(50)의 코일온도를 측정하는 실외열교환기 코일온도센서(54)와 실외팬(56)과 실외팬(56)의 구동을 위한실외팬모터(58)가 설치된다.The indoor heat exchanger 40 includes an indoor temperature sensor 42 measuring an indoor temperature, an indoor heat exchanger coil temperature sensor 44 measuring an coil temperature of the indoor heat exchanger 40, and an indoor fan 46. And an indoor fan motor 48 for driving an indoor fan, and the outdoor heat exchanger 50 includes an outdoor temperature sensor 52 measuring an outdoor temperature and an outdoor measuring coil temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 50. An outdoor fan motor 58 for driving the heat exchanger coil temperature sensor 54, the outdoor fan 56, and the outdoor fan 56 is installed.
또한, 상기 압축기 출구부의 온도를 측정하기 위한 온도감지센서(22)가 설치되어 있다.In addition, a temperature sensor 22 for measuring the temperature of the compressor outlet is provided.
상기와 같은 냉난방 에어컨(10)의 냉매순환경로를 살펴보면 다음과 같다.Looking at the refrigerant net environment path of the air conditioning and heating air conditioner 10 as described above.
먼저, 냉방운전 시에는 실선 화살표로 나타낸 바와 같이 압축기(20)에서 압축된 냉매는 사방변(30)에서 실외열교환기(50)로 흐르도록 경로를 설정함에 따라 실외열교환기(50)로 흘러 함유된 열을 방출한 후 감압장치(60)로 보내지고, 다시 실내열교환기(40)로 보내져 액체상태에서 기체상태로 증발되면서 주위의 열을 흡수하는 열교환이 이루어진 후 사방변(30)을 통해 다시 압축기(20)로 보내져 순환하게 된다.First, during the cooling operation, the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 20 flows to the outdoor heat exchanger 50 as the refrigerant flows from the four sides 30 to the outdoor heat exchanger 50 as shown by the solid arrows. After the discharged heat is sent to the decompression device (60), it is sent back to the indoor heat exchanger (40) evaporated in the gaseous state in the liquid state is made of heat exchange to absorb the surrounding heat is made again through the four sides (30) It is sent to the compressor 20 to circulate.
이때, 실내에 설치된 실내열교환기(40)에서 주위의 열을 흡수하기 때문에 실내를 냉방하게 된다.At this time, since the indoor heat exchanger 40 installed in the room absorbs the surrounding heat, the room is cooled.
다음으로, 난방운전 시에는 점선 화살표로 나타낸 바와 같이 압축기(20)에서 압축된 냉매는 사방변(30)에서 실내열교환기(40)로 흐르도록 경로를 설정함에 따라 실내열교환기(40)로 흘러 함유된 열을 방출한 후 감압장치(60)로 보내지고, 다시 실외열교환기(50)로 보내져 액체상태에서 기체상태로 증발되면서 주위의 열을 흡수하는 열교환이 이루어진 후 사방변(30)을 통해 다시 압축기(20)로 보내져 순환하게 된다.Next, during the heating operation, the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 20 flows to the indoor heat exchanger 40 as the refrigerant flows from the four sides 30 to the indoor heat exchanger 40 as shown by the dotted arrow. After dissipating the contained heat is sent to the decompression device (60), and again to the outdoor heat exchanger (50) is evaporated in the gaseous state in the liquid state is a heat exchange to absorb the surrounding heat is made through the four sides (30) It is sent back to the compressor 20 to circulate.
이때, 실내에 설치된 실내열교환기(40)에서 냉매에 함유된 열을 방출하기 때문에 실내를 난방하게 된다.At this time, since the heat contained in the refrigerant is released from the indoor heat exchanger 40 installed in the room, the room is heated.
그런데 상기와 같은 난방운전 시, 실외온도가 높아지면 실내열교환기(40)에 비해 면적이 큰 실외열교환기(50)가 실외온도변화에 민감하게 반응하여 열교환량에 변화가 발생하게 된다.However, during the heating operation as described above, when the outdoor temperature increases, the outdoor heat exchanger 50 having a larger area than the indoor heat exchanger 40 reacts sensitively to the outdoor temperature change, thereby causing a change in the heat exchange amount.
즉, 실외온도가 낮아지면 열교환량에 적어지면서 압축기(20) 입구로 액냉매가 유입되되고, 실외온도가 높아지면 압축기(20) 입구로 고온의 냉매가 유입되어, 압축기(20)에 무리가 가게 되고, 정도가 심해지면 OLP(Over Load Protector;과온도에 따른 보호회로)가 작동하면서 압축기(20)가 멈추는 경우가 발생하였다.That is, when the outdoor temperature decreases, the liquid refrigerant flows into the inlet of the compressor 20 while the heat exchange amount decreases. When the outdoor temperature increases, high temperature refrigerant flows into the inlet of the compressor 20. When the degree is severe, the compressor 20 is stopped while OLP (Over Load Protector) is operating.
이를 해결하기 위해 종래에는 실외팬모터(56)를 오프시켜서 실외열교환량을 줄이거나 실내기의 풍량을 사용자의 의도와 관계없이 강제로 강풍으로 변경시켜 무리를 줄이는 방식을 사용하였지만, 실외팬모터(56)를 오프시키면 실외열교환기(50)에서 열교환이 되지 않아 압축기(20)로 액냉매가 유입되면서 압축기에서 기계소음이 발생하게 되고, 이는 연결배관을 타고 실내기로 전달되어 소비자에게 불쾌감을 주었고, 실내기의 풍량을 강제로 강풍으로 변경하게 되면 실내기의 소음이 시끄러워 이 경우도 사용자에게 불쾌감을 주게 되는 문제점이 발생하였다.In order to solve this problem, conventionally, the outdoor fan motor 56 is turned off to reduce the amount of outdoor heat exchange or the air volume of the indoor unit is changed to a strong wind regardless of the user's intention, but the outdoor fan motor 56 is used. When off, heat exchange is not performed in the outdoor heat exchanger (50), and the liquid refrigerant flows into the compressor (20). As a result, mechanical noise is generated from the compressor. If the air volume of the forcibly changed to a strong wind, the noise of the indoor unit is noisy, which causes a problem that the user is uncomfortable.
상기와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위한 본 발명의 목적은 난방운준 시, 압축기의 출구온도를 기준으로 실외팬모터의 구동을 제어함으로써, 압축기의 부하를 일정하게 유지시키면서 계속적으로 압축기를 운전시킬 수 있도록 한 냉난방 에어컨의 운전제어방법을 제공하는데 있다.An object of the present invention for solving the above problems is to control the operation of the outdoor fan motor based on the outlet temperature of the compressor during heating operation, so that the compressor can be continuously operated while maintaining a constant load of the compressor. The present invention provides an operation control method of an air conditioner.
도 1은 종래의 냉난방 에어컨의 냉매순환도이다.1 is a refrigerant circulation diagram of a conventional air conditioner.
도 2는 본 발명에 따른 냉난방 에어컨의 냉매순환도이다.2 is a refrigerant circulation diagram of a heating and cooling air conditioner according to the present invention.
도 3은 본 발명에 따른 냉난방 에어컨의 운전제어방법을 설명하기 위해 도시된 흐름도이다.3 is a flowchart illustrating an operation control method of a heating and cooling air conditioner according to the present invention.
*도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명** Description of symbols for main parts of the drawings *
100 ; 냉난방 에어컨 120 ; 압축기100; Air conditioning and heating 120; compressor
122 ; 온도감지센서 140 ; 실내열교환기122; Temperature sensor 140; Indoor heat exchanger
150 ; 실외열교환기 158 ; 실외팬 모터150; Outdoor heat exchanger 158; Outdoor fan motor
160 ; 마이컴160; Micom
상기와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 안출된 본 발명은 냉난방 에어컨의 난방운전 시, 에어컨의 운전을 안정화시키는 단계와; 압축기 출구부의 온도를 측정하는 단계와; 측정된 온도를 기준으로 마이컴이 실외팬모터의 구동을 제어하는 단계; 로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 한다.The present invention devised to achieve the above object comprises the steps of: stabilizing the operation of the air conditioner during heating operation of the air-conditioning and heating; Measuring the temperature of the compressor outlet; Controlling the driving of the outdoor fan motor by the microcomputer based on the measured temperature; Characterized in that consisting of.
이하, 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 대해 설명하고자 한다. 또한, 본 실시예는 본 발명의 권리범위를 한정하는 것이 아니고, 단지 예시로 제시된 것이다.Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, this embodiment does not limit the scope of the present invention, but is presented by way of example only.
도 2는 본 발명에 따른 냉난방 에어컨의 냉매순환도이고, 도 3은 본 발명에 따른 냉난방 에어컨의 운전제어방법을 설명하기 위해 도시된 흐름도이다.2 is a refrigerant circulation diagram of the air conditioning air conditioner according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an operation control method of the air conditioning air conditioner according to the present invention.
도 2에 도시된 바와 같이 냉매를 압축시키는 압축기(120)와, 압축기(120)의 출력단에 냉매의 순환경로를 변경하기 위한 사방변(130)이 설치된다. 그리고, 일측이 사방변(130)과 연결되어 실내에서 열교환이 이루어지는 실내열교환기(140)와, 일측이 사방변(130)과 연결되어 실외에서 열교환이 이루어지는 실외열교환기(150)와, 실내열교환기(140)의 타측과 실외열교환기(150)의 타측간에 매개된 감압장치(160)로 이루어진다.As shown in FIG. 2, a compressor 120 for compressing a refrigerant and four sides 130 for changing a circulation path of the refrigerant are provided at an output end of the compressor 120. And, one side is connected to the four sides 130, the indoor heat exchanger 140 is a heat exchange in the room, and one side is connected to the four sides 130, the outdoor heat exchanger 150, the heat exchange in the outdoors and the indoor heat exchange The pressure reducing device 160 is provided between the other side of the machine 140 and the other side of the outdoor heat exchanger 150.
그리고, 실내열교환기(140)에는 실내온도를 측정하는 실내온도센서(142)와, 실내열교환기(140)의 코일온도를 측정하는 실내열교환기 코일온도센서(144)와, 실내팬(146)과 상기 실내팬(146)의 구동을 위한 실내팬모터(148)가 설치되고, 실외열교환기(150)에는 실외온도를 측정하는 실외온도센서(152)와, 실외열교환기(150)의 코일온도를 측정하는 실외열교환기 코일온도센서(154)와 실외팬(156)과 상기 실외팬의 구동을 위한 실외팬모터(158)가 설치된다.The indoor heat exchanger 140 includes an indoor temperature sensor 142 for measuring an indoor temperature, an indoor heat exchanger coil temperature sensor 144 for measuring a coil temperature of the indoor heat exchanger 140, and an indoor fan 146. And an indoor fan motor 148 for driving the indoor fan 146, the outdoor heat exchanger 150 having an outdoor temperature sensor 152 for measuring an outdoor temperature, and a coil temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 150. An outdoor heat exchanger coil temperature sensor 154, an outdoor fan 156, and an outdoor fan motor 158 for driving the outdoor fan are installed.
그리고, 상기 압축기(120)의 출구부에는 온도를 측정하기 위한 온도감지센서(122)가 부착되어 있고, 상기 온도감지센서(122)에 의해 검출된 압축기(120) 출구부의 온도를 기준으로 상기 실외팬모터(158)의 회전수를 조정하는 마이컴(160)이 구비되어 있다.In addition, a temperature sensor 122 for measuring a temperature is attached to the outlet of the compressor 120, and the outdoor unit is based on the temperature of the outlet of the compressor 120 detected by the temperature sensor 122. The microcomputer 160 for adjusting the rotation speed of the fan motor 158 is provided.
상기와 같이 이루어진 냉난방 에어컨의 운전제어방법을 나타난 흐름도가 도 3에 도시되어 있다.3 is a flowchart illustrating an operation control method of an air conditioning and heating air conditioner made as described above.
우선, 난방운전이 시작되면 마이컴(160)에 의해 실외팬모터(158)의 회전수가 초기값으로 설정된다(S10).First, when the heating operation is started, the rotation speed of the outdoor fan motor 158 is set to an initial value by the microcomputer 160 (S10).
이때, 상기 초기값은 실외온도센서(152)에 의해 측정되는 실외의 온도에 따라 변하는 값으로, 8℃ 이하인 경우에는 800rpm이고, 8∼11℃ 인 경우에는 750rpm이고, 11∼15℃ 인 경우에는 700rpm이고, 15℃ 이상인 경우에는 650rpm이다.In this case, the initial value is a value that varies depending on the outdoor temperature measured by the outdoor temperature sensor 152, and is 800 rpm when the temperature is 8 ° C or less, 750 rpm when the temperature is 8 to 11 ° C, and 11 to 15 ° C. 700 rpm and 650 rpm when the temperature is 15 ° C. or higher.
이후, 난방운전이 시작되면 에어컨의 운전을 안정화시키는 단계가 진행되는데, 이는 압축기 출구부의 온도가 70℃가 되거나 난방운전 시작 이후 10분이 경과되면(S20) 1분을 경과시키는 것이다(S30).Thereafter, when the heating operation is started, a step of stabilizing the operation of the air conditioner is performed, which is one minute when the temperature of the compressor outlet reaches 70 ° C. or 10 minutes after the start of the heating operation (S20).
상기와 같이 안정화단계를 거치면 압축기(120) 출구부에 설치된 온도감지센서(122)에 의해 압축기(120) 출구부의 온도가 측정된다(S40).When the stabilization step is performed as described above, the temperature of the outlet of the compressor 120 is measured by the temperature sensor 122 installed at the outlet of the compressor 120 (S40).
그래서, 측정된 온도가 80∼90℃인 경우(S50), 마이컴(160)의 제어가 이루어지지 않고 실외팬모터의 회전수가 초기값으로 설정된 상태로 난방운전이 지속된다(S80).Thus, when the measured temperature is 80 ~ 90 ℃ (S50), the heating operation is continued in the state that the rotational speed of the outdoor fan motor is set to the initial value without the control of the microcomputer 160 is made (S80).
그리고, 측정된 온도가 80℃ 미만인 경우(S60)에는 압축기(120)에 액냉매가 유입될 확률이 있으므로 마이컴(160)의 제어에 의해 상기 실외팬모터(158)의 회전수를 초기값에서 10만큼 증가시켜 열교환량을 늘린다(S90).In addition, when the measured temperature is less than 80 ° C. (S60), the liquid refrigerant may flow into the compressor 120, so that the rotation speed of the outdoor fan motor 158 is controlled from the initial value by 10 under the control of the microcomputer 160. Increase the amount of heat exchange by increasing (S90).
또한, 측정된 온도가 90℃ 이상인 경우(S70)에는 압축기(120)에 부하가 많이 걸리 수 있으므로 마이컴(160)의 제어에 의해 상기 실외팬모터(158)의 회전수를 초기값에서 10만큼 감소시켜 열교환량을 줄인다(S100).In addition, when the measured temperature is greater than or equal to 90 ° C. (S70), since the compressor 120 may be heavily loaded, the number of revolutions of the outdoor fan motor 158 is reduced by 10 from the initial value under the control of the microcomputer 160. To reduce the amount of heat exchange (S100).
이때, 상기 실외팬모터(158)의 회전수에 대한 제어는 위상제어방식을 이용한다.At this time, the control of the rotation speed of the outdoor fan motor 158 uses a phase control method.
이후, 마이컴에 의한 제어에 의해 실외팬모터(158)를 구동시키고, 1분을 경과시킨 후(S30), 다시 압축기(120) 출구부의 온도를 측정하고(S40), 이를 기준으로 상기 실외팬모터(158)의 회전수를 제어하면서 난방운전을 지속시킨다.Thereafter, the outdoor fan motor 158 is driven by the control of the microcomputer, and after one minute has elapsed (S30), the temperature of the outlet of the compressor 120 is measured again (S40). Heating operation is continued while controlling the rotation speed of 158.
상기한 바와 같이 본 발명은 냉난방 에어컨의 운전제어방법에 관한 것으로써, 특히 난방운전 시 압축기 출구부의 온도를 기준으로 실외팬모터의 회전수를 제어함으로써, 압축기의 부하를 일정하게 유지시키면서 계속적으로 압축기를 운전시켜 사용자에게 소음으로 인한 불쾌감을 주지 않도록 하는 효과가 있다.As described above, the present invention relates to an operation control method of an air conditioner for heating and cooling. In particular, by controlling the rotation speed of the outdoor fan motor based on the temperature of the compressor outlet at the time of heating operation, the compressor continuously maintains the load of the compressor. It is effective to prevent the user from the discomfort caused by the noise by driving.
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