KR100370742B1 - Axoid Force Mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The instantaneous axis trajectory force mechanism (AFM) relates to a machine, a mechanism, preferably a mechanical mechanism that converts progressive and rotational motions with great force.

The forces and movements between the end face member and the intermediate contact member are transmitted by the support surface-momentary axis trajectory which can roll each other. Eliminating the slip at the connection between the contact member and the end face member creates instantaneous axial trajectories of highly durable materials without the need for frictional resistance, reducing wear and breakage of the support surface and loss of force due to friction, and lubrication costs. Reduce the power and increase the power capacity of the machine.

Description

Axoid Force Mechanism

Lever mechanisms that increase force at variable rates and convert gradual and rotational motions within a work cycle are widely used technically (see Artobolevsky I. Theory of Mashines and Mechanisms, Moscow: <Science>, 1975).

There is a lever mechanism consisting of a medium chain hinged into two cross-sections with potential for progressive movement (Artobolevsky II <The mechanisms in modern technique>, Moscow: <Science>, vol. 2, 1979, p. 15, example 872). In such a mechanism, the force on the cross-sectional element, its movement speed and the angular velocity of the intermediate chain are defined by the following equation.

P ₂ = P ₁ (sinα ₁ / sinα ₂ ) -ΔP;

V ₂ = V ₁ (cosα ₁ / cosα ₂ );

ω = V ₁ / (Lsinα ₁ ) = V ₂ / (Lsinα ₂ );

Where P ₂ and P ₁ are the forces on the cross-sectional element, V ₂ and V ₁ are the velocities, respectively, and α ₂ and α ₁ are between the plane containing the geometric axis of the supporting surface of the cross-sectional element and the direction of motion of the cross-sectional element. Is the angle, ΔP is the decrease in force due to friction, and ω is the angular velocity of the media chain.

In such a mechanism, the force acting on the cross-sectional element can be balanced by the torque acting on the medium chain according to the following equation.

M + P ₁ Lsinα ₁ + P ₂ Lsinα ₂ + Δ = 0

Here, M is the torque on the medium chain, Δ is the loss of force or torque due to friction, and other symbols are as described above.

Such a mechanism, in which a third unknown variable can be defined by two force variables, can be used as a mechanism for mutual conversion of progressive and rotational motions in which force and torque are respectively converted.

Without considering the losses due to friction, the force on one cross section of the cross section can be infinitely large while the mechanism is in a particular position while the force on the third cross section or the torque on the medium chain is limited.

However, sliding on the support surface with hinged loads causes strong wear and tear, costs to maintain reliability, and significantly reduces the force capacity of the mechanism. These defects lead to the use of more complete wear resistance materials and complex lubrication systems and the use of ball or roller bearings. But the hinges continue to be the weakest part of this mechanism.

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to eliminate the wear of the hinge to reduce the loss of the interconversion mechanism of the progressive and rotational movement and to increase the force and speed capability.

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a machine, and precisely, to a mechanism for translating force and speed variables of progressive and rotational motions.

Figure 1 shows the AFM of variant 1 in place when the forces on the cross-sectional elements are approximately equal.

Figure 2 shows the AFM of variant 2 in place when the forces on the cross-sectional elements are approximately equal.

3 shows the AFM of variant 3 in place when the forces on the cross-sectional elements are approximately equal.

Fig. 4 shows the AFM of variant 1 in place when the force on one cross-section element is maximum when the force on the other cross-section element or the torque on the contact element is limited.

FIG. 5 shows an AFM of variant 1 that is likely to drive an AFM by receiving torque from or contacting the contact device.

6 shows an example of using an AFM of a device.

Analyzing the function of the medial chains in the cross section and the hinges, the forces (pull and tension) that pull and press the media chains are perpendicular to the direction of the action force and correspond to the pairs of the supporting surface pairs of the cross section and the corresponding area of the media chain. Is grasped by.

By reversing each contact pair of the support surface, sliding within the defined area is eliminated, so that the contact pairs roll together without slipping when the cross-sectional elements are progressively dependent on each other. To this end, the mutual axis of rotation of the cross-section element and the medium chain lies on the contact line between the supporting surfaces and becomes the rotation moment axis. The geometric location of the rotation moment axis is the instantaneous axis trajectory, and the contact surfaces of all the corresponding surfaces are changed to the instantaneous axis trajectories, and these contact surfaces can be rolled together without slipping to grasp the corresponding forces.

The mechanism created by this reversal is called Axoid Force Mechanism (hereinafter referred to as AFM).

The slip is theoretically eliminated with respect to AFM. Therefore, wear and tear, loss of power, sensitivity to lubrication are significantly reduced. Force capacity and durability are improved as a result of the use of materials with high contact durability where friction resistance is not essential.

The medium chain may consist of several contacting elements which may be located parallel or in succession to one another.

The number of contact elements and the radius of curvature of the supporting moment axis trajectories at each successive part correspond to the following equations for the section elements in order to avoid slipping in the supporting moment axis trajectories during the progressive motion, including the supporting instant axis trajectories of the section elements. do.

Where k is the number of contact elements in the continuous _portion , and P _(2j-1) and P _(2j) are the radius of curvature of the supporting instant axis trace on the j-th contact surface.

The structure of the supporting moment axis trajectory of the cross-sectional element and the contact element having the ability to transmit torque provides the cross-sectional element which performs the progressive movement with the desired torque and converts the rotational movement of the cross-sectional element into the progressive movement, The rotational motion from the contact element converted from the progressive motion is obtained.

Cylindrical surfaces are most preferable for the AFM support of the AFM. If the axes of all cylindrical support moment axis traces and their contact lines are located in one plane, the AFM has the advantage that the contact force between the support moment axis traces does not become high enough to push the contact element or cause slippage between the support moment axis traces. Have

While AFMs with a single contact element to pressurize the load are expected to be most useful because they are compact, simple, and have high force capacities, a combination of several variants can be used depending on the prevailing force type.

Variation 1: Between the supporting surfaces of the cross-section where the prevailing pressing force acts on the AFM, the supporting surface has the opportunity to come into contact with the contacting element to receive a large pressing force together with a medium (e.g. lever) for receiving a small tensile force. AFMs with contact elements located at are preferred.

Variant 2: AFM with a cross section where the supporting surface is located between the supporting surfaces of the contact element to be subjected to a large tensile force with a medium (e.g. lever) for receiving a small pressing force when the prevailing pressing force acts on the AFM. This is preferred.

Variant 3: When the tensile force and the pressing force are approximately equal, the AFM can have both kinds of contact elements.

Each said deformation of the AFM may have additional elements, for example tooth protrusions, on the support surface for receiving torque.

A preferred embodiment of an AFM having a cylindrical support surface in which the geometric axis and the mutual contact line lies in one plane, and a cross-sectional element of the AFM which is likely to make a gradual linear movement in the direction perpendicular to each other are shown next.

As shown in Fig. 1, an end element 1 progressively moving from a drive (not shown) is provided with a stock 2 having a cylindrical or partial support surface 3 thereof. do. The cross-sectional element 6, which is likely to be progressively moved in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the cross-sectional element 1, is provided with a similar stock 4 having a supporting surface 5.

Between the stocks (2) and (4) lies a medium chain as a cylindrical contact element (7). The one side support surface 8 is in contact with the support surface 3 of the stock 2 and the other support surface 9 is in contact with the support surface 5 of the stock 4. The contact element 7 is fixed by the intermediate element 10 between the stocks 2, 4, and hinged to the axes of the stocks 2, 4 in this embodiment. As shown in Fig. 2, the contact elements 11 are made of two plates 12 connected to each other as a unit, and cylindrical plates 13 and 14 are formed on the two plates. The support surface 13 is in contact with the support surface 3 of the stock 2 and the support surface 14 is in contact with the support surface 5 of the stock 4.

The AFM obtains a rotational motion from the contact element 7 when the section elements 1, 6 are progressively moved or torque is provided to the contact element 7. This contact element is also provided with a drive element 15 (see FIG. 5), which is in contact with the supporting surfaces 8, 9 of the contact element 7 via the support surface 16. The support surfaces 3, 5, 8, 9, 16 or a part thereof may be engaged with each other by tooth protrusions (not shown).

AFM can be used, for example, as shown in FIG. A crank mechanism 17 is connected to the end face element 1, which has a supporting surface 3 by the stock 2 and is the first element of the AFMs 18 and 19. The second section element of the AFM 19 is firmly connected to the frame. The second cross-sectional element of the AFM 20 is provided as the functional element 20.

The moment axis trajectory force mechanism works as follows.

The force acting on the cross-sectional element 1 moves the cross-sectional element together with the stock 2. Therefore, the contact element 7 has its support surface 8 rolled on the support surface 3 of the stock 2, and the support surface 9 has the stock 2 as the support surface 9 is clouded on the support surface 5. Transfer the motion of the stock to the stock (4). By this interaction, pairs of support surfaces 3-8 and 9-5 arise as a non-slip cloud movement process.

4 shows the state of the AFM in which the velocity of the cross-sectional element 6 is zero and the force on the cross-sectional element 6 is maximum according to equation (1) while the force on the cross-sectional element 6 is zero.

When the section element 1 moves in the reverse direction, the stock 2 pulls the contact element 11 (see FIG. 2 or FIG. 3). At this time, the support surface 13 is rolled on the support surface 3 of the stock 2. The movement of the contact element 11 causes the support surface 14 to roll on the support surface 5 of the stock 4, thus moving the cross-sectional element 6 downward.

If no large force is required to return the AFM to its initial position, the AFM will not include the contact element 11, and the return may be made by the intermediate element 10.

It is evident that the contact elements 7 make complex movements, ie circular movements about their geometric axes, while the sectional elements 1, 6 perform gradual movements. Therefore, the structure of the bearing surfaces 3, 5, 8, 9, 16 which transmits torque causes the AFM to be driven by receiving the force of the rotational movement from the drive element 15 or rotating the drive element 15 on the contrary.

A machine with an AFM (such as shown in FIG. 6) can act as follows. The power is transmitted by the crank mechanism 17 to the cross-section element 1 common to the AFMs 18 and 19, while the movement through the support moment axis trace without slipping is transmitted to the action element 20 and the force is Increase at the end of the stroke.

The use of AFM significantly reduces the problem of lubrication by reducing the wear and tear of the support surface and the loss of frictional force due to the replacement of slips by rolling, and increases the capacity and durability without increasing the size.

For example, if AFM supports are made of steel for ball or roll bearings with an allowable contact durability of approximately 30,000 [kg / cm ² ] when line contact occurs (DN Reshetov, Details of Mashines, Moscow, Mashinery, 1974, page507) Increases the force in the device by 6.13 times compared to a lever mechanism of the same size with a hinge made of tin bronze with a tolerance of about 100 [kg / cm ² ].

Claims (6)

In the instantaneous axis track force mechanism, which is composed of two cross-section elements connected to a medium chain for transmitting motion and provided by a supporting surface and configured to have a gradual motion possibility having a force and a speed according to the following equation, P ₂ = P ₁ (sinα ₁ / sinα ₂ ) + ΔP; V ₂ = V ₁ (cosα ₁ / cosα ₂ ); Where P ₂ and P ₁ are the forces on the cross-sectional element, V ₂ and V ₁ are the velocities, respectively, and α ₂ and α ₁ are between the plane containing the geometric axis of the supporting surface of the cross-section element and the direction of motion of the cross-section element. Is the angle of, and ΔP is the decrease in force due to friction) The intermediate chain consists of at least one contact element having a support surface along with a support surface of the cross-sectional element which is constructed and positioned to transfer the force and movement to the other cross-sectional element without slipping when the one of the cross-section elements moves. And a radius of curvature of the support surface at each continuous portion including the support surface of the cross-sectional element satisfies the following equation. Where k is the number of contact elements in the continuous section. 2. The instantaneous axis force mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein the supporting surface of the end portion and the contact element has a rounded cylindrical shape or a part thereof and is positioned such that its geometric axis and its contact line are located in one common plane. 3. The medium chain according to claim 2, wherein the intermediate chain supports one interacting cross-section and a contacting element with a supporting surface positioned between the supporting surfaces of the cross-sectional element and having a chance to contact the supporting surface of the cross-sectional element. Instantaneous axis locomotive force mechanism, characterized in that consisting of an additional medium for. 3. The medium chain according to claim 2, wherein the intermediate chain supports one contacting element having a support surface having an opportunity to contact the supporting surface of the cross-sectional element with the supporting surface of the cross-sectional element interposed therebetween, and the interacting cross-sectional element and the contact element. Instantaneous axis locomotive force mechanism, characterized in that consisting of an additional medium for. 3. The cross-section of claim 2, wherein the intermediate chain consists of two contact elements, the cross section being positioned between the support surfaces of one of the contact elements, the support surface of another contact element having the opportunity to contact the support surface of the cross section element. A moment axis tracking force mechanism, characterized in that located between the supporting surface of the indictment. 6. The instantaneous axis tracking force mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the supporting surfaces of the cross-sectional element and the contact element are configured to transmit torque.