KR100369613B1 - The Preventive Diagnostic System for the Electric Power Substation Equipments - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a preventive diagnosis system of a transformer, wherein the sensor is attached to a sensor capable of measuring abnormal initial signals, the sensor output data is stored in a memory, and an abnormal symptom is found in the operating state of the transformer. A substation characterized in that it operates a preventive diagnostic expert system that infers the diagnosis algorithm between each measurement item and the diagnosis algorithm of each measurement item based on accumulated data, infers the type and the degree of the error, and provides the driver with a procedure for dealing with the error. A device preventive diagnostic system.

The present invention collects the signal output from the abnormality detection sensor installed in each transformer in the data acquisition system, the collected data is transmitted to the communication control device by the optical LAN, the communication control device is transmitted in a plurality of data acquisition systems Transferred data to a computer system. The data acquisition system consists of software of main CPU module, memory module, serial input module, digital input module, analog input module, power supply, optical transmitter and data acquisition device to collect the signal output from the fault detection sensor. Communication control device is main CPU board for high speed optical LAN communication through Ethernet port, serial input board for supervisory control system and serial data processing, memory board as data storage device, VME back plan and power supply. It consists of a supply board.

An object of the present invention is to prevent the economic loss and psychological anxiety caused by accident by securing reliability of a large capacity, ultra-high voltage transformer, GIS.

Description

The Preventive Diagnostic System for the Electric Power Substation Equipments}

The present invention relates to a preventive diagnosis system for a transformer. More particularly, a sensor capable of measuring abnormal initial signals is attached to a transformer, a gas insulated switchgear (GIS), or the like, and the output data of the sensor is converted into a transformer. In case of abnormal measurement of the transformer and the abnormal symptoms of the transformer are detected, the preventive diagnosis expert system which infers the diagnostic algorithm is automatically predicted and the deterioration progress is automatically predicted to prevent the accident of the large-capacity, ultra-high-voltage transformer. A device preventive diagnostic system.

Conventionally, in order to supply electric power to the customer, the power plant boosts the voltage to 345kV or 765kV and transmits it to the substation near the customer, and the transformer, GIS, breaker, lightning arrester, etc. The transformer is installed. As demand for electric power increases, transformers such as transformers and GIS are increasing in capacity, but due to the difficulty of selecting substation sites and environmental friendliness of transmission lines, the transformers are becoming ultra high voltage. As such, when an accident occurs in a large-capacity, ultra-high-voltage transformer, its spreading range is wide, resulting in tremendous economic loss and psychological anxiety, and high reliability is required for the operation of the transformer.

Conventionally, for the maintenance of such transformers, accidents can be predicted by installing a simple analog instrument necessary for the operation of a transformer or a GIS, and the substation driver writes only the simple measurement items necessary for the operation of the transformer in the work log through the analog signal. It did not provide information that could be used. Therefore, ultimately, a technology for predicting an accident by diagnosing a state of a transformer is not applied, and there is always a possibility of an accident accident due to deterioration of the transformer.

The present invention measures the deterioration state of the transformer at all times during operation, and if abnormality of the transformer is found, it operates a preventive diagnosis expert system that infers a diagnosis algorithm to automatically predict the deterioration progress state, thereby increasing the capacity and ultra high pressure. An object of the present invention is to provide a transformer preventive diagnosis system for preventing a transformer accident.

1 is a block diagram illustrating a transformer preventive diagnosis system of the present invention.

2 is a block diagram showing the hardware of the data acquisition device of the present invention.

3 is a block diagram showing a main CPU module of the present invention.

4 is a block diagram illustrating a memory module of the present invention.

5 is a block diagram illustrating a serial input module of the present invention.

6 is a block diagram illustrating a digital input module of the present invention.

7 is a block diagram illustrating an analog input module of the present invention.

8 is a block diagram showing software of the data acquisition device of the present invention.

9 is a block diagram showing a communication control device of the present invention.

10 is a block diagram showing a preventive diagnosis expert system of the present invention.

<Description of Signs of Main Parts in Drawings>

1000: Transformer Preventive Diagnosis System 1010: Transformer

1020: sensor 1030: computer system

1040: monitor 1050: hub

1060: printer server 1070: printer

1080: Relational Database Management System

2000: data acquisition system

2100: main CPU module 2200: memory module

2300: serial input module 2400: digital input module

2500: analog input module 2600: software of data acquisition device

2602: micro kernel 2606: serial drive module program

2604: data acquisition system control module program

2616: system monitoring module program

2608: digital drive module program 2610: analog drive module program

2612: network communication module program 2614: share memory

2818: user interface 2700: optical transmission device

2800: power supply 3000: communication control unit

3002: main CPU board 3004: Ethernet port

3006: serial input board 3008: memory board

3010: power supply board 3012: VME back plan

4000: Preventive Diagnostics Expert System 4004: Knowledge Base

4006: Interface Engine 4008: Knowledge Acquisition System

4010: Description Auxiliary System 4012: User Interface System

Data measured by the abnormality detection sensor 1020 attached to the transformer 1010 is transmitted to the data acquisition system 2000 as a serial, digital or analog signal, The data acquisition system 2000 may collect a signal output from the abnormality detection sensor 1020 and may include a main CPU module 2100, a memory module 2200, and a serial input module. t Modul (2300), Digital Input Module (2400), Analog Input Module (2500), Data Acquisition Software (2600), Optical Transceiver ( 2700 and a power supply 2800.

The present invention diagnoses a transformer 1010 such as a transformer, a GIS, a circuit breaker, and an arrester with a single system, so that a communication control unit 3000 acquires a plurality of data acquired by each transformer 1010. The system 2000 is connected, and the data collected by the data acquisition system 2000 is transmitted to the communication control device 3000 by an optical LAN, and the communication control device 3000 includes a plurality of data acquisition systems. The data transmitted at 2000 is transmitted to the computer system 1030. The communication control device 30 00 includes a main CPU board 3002 for performing high-speed optical LAN communication through a data acquisition system 2000 and an Ethernet port 3004, a supervisory control system, and serial data. Serial Input Board 3006 for processing, Memory Board 3008 as a data storage device, VME Back Plane 3012, and Power Supply Board for power Supply Board) 3010. Data transmitted from the communication control device 3000 to the computer system 1030 is stored in the memory, the stored data is interfaced with the driver through the Man-Machine Interface, the monitor 1040 on the man-machine interface ), A printer 1070 and the like. Hereinafter, the configuration of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a transformer preventive diagnosis system 1000 for automatically predicting a deterioration progress state during operation of a transformer 1010 to prevent an accident, and deterioration of the transformer 1010. In order to automatically predict the state of progress, a sensor 1020 capable of measuring an abnormal symptom of each transformer 1010 is attached, and data is constantly acquired during the operation of the transformer 10 10. Collected through the, and stored in the computer system 1030 through the communication control device 3000. The computer system 1 030 has a built-in preventive diagnosis expert system that not only stores data acquired from the sensor 1020, but also calculates correlation with deterioration from the measured data. Calculate whether or not the ideal threshold is exceeded. When the measurement data exceeds the abnormal reference value, an alarm signal is output to the monitor 1040 and the printer 1070, and the computer system 1030 examines a diagnostic algorithm between the measurement items and checks the type and degree of abnormality. Infer and provide the driver with procedures for anomalies.

2 shows one embodiment of the hardware 2000 of the data acquisition apparatus for collecting data transmitted from the sensor 1020 mounted on the transformer 1010 of the present invention. The present invention is intended for the preventive diagnosis of transformers, GIS, circuit breakers, lightning arresters, etc. used in the substation, so the transformer is an insulating oil gas analyzer, a partial discharge discharge current measuring device, a partial discharge ultrasonic measuring device, insulating oil thermometer, on-load tap-changer monitoring An apparatus, a cooling fan operating ammeter, and a cooling pump operating ammeter may be installed as the sensor 1020, and the SF ₆ gas density meter may be installed as the sensor 1020 in the GIS. In addition, the breaker may be installed to the operating ammeter as a sensor 1020, the lightning arrester may be installed to the leakage current measuring device as a sensor 1020.

Transformer insulating oil gas analysis device installs sampling head for extracting insulating oil in the lower tank of transformer, receives insulating oil as gas analysis device at regular time intervals, measures the gas component contained in insulating oil, and obtains the measured value for each gas. To send).

The transformer partial discharge discharge current measuring device installs a coupling device on the transformer bushing tap and measures the signal caused by the partial discharge inside the transformer. At this time, since the signal by the transformer external corona is simultaneously measured in the bushing tap coupling device, a sensor for corona measurement is separately installed outside the transformer, and external corona noise is removed from the signal measured by the bushing tap coupling device. The partial discharge signal inside the transformer thus measured is transmitted to the data acquisition system 2000.

The transformer partial discharge ultrasonic measuring apparatus attaches an ultrasonic sensor to the transformer enclosure, measures the number of ultrasonic signals per second generated by the partial discharge inside the transformer, and transmits the ultrasonic signal to the data acquisition system 2000. The transformer insulating oil thermometer converts the signal measured by the platinum resistance thermometer mounted on the transformer into a 4-20 mA analog signal and transmits it to the data acquisition system 2000. The warning contact signal and the blocking contact signal generated by the rising of the insulating oil temperature Is transmitted to the data acquisition system 2000. Transformer on-load tap-changer monitoring device includes load current at contact operation of on-load tap-changer, transformer body temperature, on-load tap-changer tank temperature, motor operating current of on-load tap-changer, on-load tap-changer The number of times of operation is measured and transmitted to the data acquisition system 2000. The transformer cooling fan operating ammeter measures the operating current of the fan and the operating time of the contact point, converts it into an analog signal of 4-20 mA, and transmits the same to the data acquisition system 2000. The transformer cooling pump operating ammeter measures the operating current of the pump and the operating time of the contact point, converts it into an analog signal of 4-20 mA, and transmits it to the data acquisition system 2000.

The GIS gas density meter measures the pressure and ambient temperature of the SF ₆ gas, converts it to a reference density of 20 ° C., converts it into an analog signal of 4-20 mA, and transmits it to the data acquisition system 2000.

The breaker operating ammeter measures the operating current of the breaker and the operating time of the contact point, converts it into an analog signal of 4 to 20 mA, and transmits it to the data acquisition system 2000.

The arrester leakage current measuring device installs a high frequency CT on the arrester ground line, measures the third harmonic signal generated by the deterioration of the arrester ZnO element, and transmits it to the data acquisition system 2000.

Since signals output from the sensor 1020 attached to the transformer 1010 are largely divided into serial, digital, and analog signals, the data acquisition system 2000 according to the present invention includes a serial input module 2300 and a digital input module ( 2400 and an analog input module 2500. Therefore, the signal output from the sensor 1020 is stored in the memory module 2200 through a module suitable for the characteristics of each signal. Data stored in the memory module 2200 is transmitted to the communication control device 3000 through the optical transmission device 2700. This series of operations are processed by the CPU 2112 of the main CPU module 2100 with the software 2600 of the data acquisition device.

Each module is supplied with power by the module power supply unit, and each module power supply unit is configured to supply power from the power supply device 2800. The power supply 2800 is an input voltage of AC 220V and DC 125V, and supplies a voltage of DC 48V necessary for the module power supply unit. The power supply 2800 includes an EMI filter for AC and DC inputs. An AC input on and off switch and a DC input on and off switch are installed on the front of the power supply 2800, and the LED lamps for displaying DC In, DC Run, AC In, and AC Run are provided. The rear of the power supply 2800 is provided with an AC / DC selection switch, an AC 110V / 220V selection switch, and a DC 48V output terminal. The module power supply of the data acquisition system 2000 receives 48V DC power to supply + 5V and ± 12V DC power required for each module. This power supply is provided with an overvoltage protection circuit. After the overvoltage protection circuit operates, remove the cause of the overvoltage and turn on the input power switch to operate it again. On the front of module power supply, install on / off switch of input power and LED to check if output voltage is abnormal.

The computer system 1030 analyzes data of the sensor 1020 sent from the communication control device 3000, informs the driver in case of an error, and manages the history and measurement data related to the transformer 1010. The data output from the sensor 1020 is stored in a database through the communication control device 3000, and the data is converted by applying the display range, and generates an alarm message (Messag e) when it is out of the alarm setting range. Values and alert messages converted into display ranges are displayed on monitor 1040 of computer system 1030 and stored with time in a database. The computer system 1030 connects each device using a hub 1050 to facilitate network management, and the operating environment of the computer system 1030 uses a web browser. OS is equipped with Windows based OS for compatibility with general PCs, and has real-time processing capability using Multi Tasking and Multi Processing functions.

The communication protocol uses TCP / IP, an international standard protocol for communication compatibility and standardization. For flexibility, serial communication for RS-232C is possible as well as Ethernet.

The computer system 1030 stores equipment history, failure history, inspection and maintenance history data of the transformer 1010 and includes a relational database management system 1080 for systematic data management. The printer 1070 is a data output device that outputs various screens displayed on the monitor 1040 or records alarm information of facility failure, and outputs data such as a report, outputs of various screens on the screen, and generated alarms. The printer 1070 is managed by the print server 1060.

Each module of the data acquisition system 2000 will be described based on the following drawings. 3 illustrates one embodiment of the main CPU module 2100 of the present invention. The main CPU module 2100 receives serial, digital, and analog signals output from the sensor 1020 installed in a transformer, a GIS, a circuit breaker, or an arrester, and the serial input module 2300, the digital input module 2400, and the analog input module ( The memory module 2200 is stored in the memory module 2200 by a command of the CPU 2112 through a P1 2102 connector connected to the 2500.

At this time, the P1 2102 connection terminal uses a VME bus (Bus), the operation is controlled by the VME bus interface (2 104). The data stored in the memory module 2200 transmits the data selected by the command of the CPU 2112 to the communication control device 3000 via the P2 2106 connection terminal. The P2 2106 connection terminal uses Ethernet, and operation is controlled by the Ethernet controller 2108. This P2 2106 connection terminal simultaneously holds a serial connection terminal for maintenance of the software 2260 of the data acquisition device, and its operation is controlled by a serial I / O controller 2110. . The software 2600 of the data acquisition device for acquiring the data from the sensor 1020 and storing it in the memory module 2200 is stored in the EPROM 2114, and the CPU 2112 of the software 2600 of the data acquisition device. Perform the commands in the specified order. The CPU 2112 includes a data cache and an instruction cache, a memory manager and a floating point operator, and employs a real-time operating system. Since the CPU 2112 needs a memory for temporarily storing variables in order to execute an instruction, the main CPU module 2100 of the present invention uses the DRAM 2116 and the SRAM 2118, which are memories in which data is lost when the power is turned off. Equipped with. At this time, the DRAM 2116 is used when a high processing speed is not required, and the SRAM 2118 is a memory used when a high processing speed is required. do. The flash memory 2120 is a memory that does not lose data even when the power is turned off. The flash memory 2120 retains time, date, and system information.

The main CPU module 2100 of the present invention includes an industry pack connector 2122 for expansion of an Ethernet or a serial port when communication with another system is required in the future. The battery backed RAM clock 2124 is for synchronizing the time and oscillator, and the MC chip 2126 is a chip in which peripheral circuits are integrated.

4 illustrates one embodiment showing a memory module 2200 of a data acquisition system 2000 for storing a large amount of data acquired from sensors 1020. The memory module 2200 communicates with the main CPU module 2100 through a P1 2202 connection terminal and a P2 2204 connection terminal connected to the VME bus. Data at the sensor 1020 is stored in a memory array 2208 in an area designated by an address decoder 2210 via a data buffer 2206. The memory module 220 is backed up by the battery 2212 to avoid data loss even when the power is turned off, and when the battery 2212 is low, the BAT Low LED 2214 lights up on the front panel. Then, the time to replace the battery 2212 is displayed to the driver. The battery 2212 does not operate when the power is normally turned on, and is operated by the power controller 2216 only when the power is turned off.

FIG. 5 illustrates one embodiment of a serial input module 2300 for collecting data from a sensor 1020 that is serially output among the sensors 1020 mounted on the transformer 1010. The CPU 2302 of the serial input module 2300 includes two channels of direct memory access capable of transmitting data at high speed, and executes instructions for collecting data from the sensor 1020. Data from the sensor 1020 is input to the serial input module 2300 through the P2 2304 connection terminal, and the RS-485 / 422 driver can be used by selecting RS-485 or RS-422 for the serial communication port. (2308) two are provided. In addition, one RS-232C driver 2312 is maintained for maintenance 2311 of the serial input module 2300, and three RS-232C drivers are reserved. The communication protocol controls the RS-485 / 422 driver 2308 using a high-level data link control (HDLC) controller 2316. The RS-485 / 422 driver and the RS-232C driver are controlled by the SIO controller 2382. The serial input module 2300 stores a system program in the EEPROM 2320, and the parameters and data are stored in the SRAM 2322. The SRAM 2322 is backed up to the battery 2324 so that power failure data can be preserved. The serial input module 2300 generates a system control signal and a VME bus control signal using the EPLD1 2326 and the EPLD2 2328 integrated with the peripheral circuit. In order to ensure stable operation of the system, the serial input module 2300 includes a dedicated WDT externally through a watch dog timer reset (WDT) 2330, and monitors the WDT to generate a system recovery signal. Recovery is accomplished by manual switch and system power and watch dog signals. The self-diagnosis of the serial input module 2300 informs the driver of power, recovery, VME access, run, etc. by an indicator 2332 consisting of four LEDs.

FIG. 6 illustrates an embodiment of a digital input module 2400 for collecting data from a sensor 1020 that is digitally output among the sensors 1020 mounted on the transformer 1010. The digital input module 2400 receives a digital signal such as a contact signal transmitted from the sensor 1020 through a connection terminal of the P2 2406 by a command of the CPU 2402 to display the on and off states of the contact point and the occurrence time of the contact point. (2404) Transferring to main CPU module 2100 via connection terminal. Data from the sensor 1020 is protected against external surge through a photo coupler 24 08.

The memory of the digital input module 2400 stores an EPROM 2410 that stores program codes, a DPRAM 2412 that is a shared memory for data communication via the main CPU module 2100, and a VME bus, and stores parameters and data. Is composed of an SRAM 2414. The SRAM 24 14 is backed up to the battery 2416 to preserve power failure data. The EPLD 2418 is a chip in which peripheral circuits are integrated. The digital input module 2400 has one RS-232 port for maintenance, and 4 LEDs (Power, Reset, VME Access, Run) to check the operation status. It consists of two LEDs. It also has a push button switch for manual recovery.

FIG. 7 illustrates an embodiment of an analog input module 2500 for collecting data from a sensor 1020 that is output in analog form among the sensors 1020 mounted on the transformer 1010. The analog input module 2500 converts an analog signal into digital by a command of the CPU 2502 and transmits the analog signal to the main CPU module 2100. Data from the sensor 1020 is input through the P2 2504 connection terminal, and the analog input module 2500 sequentially receives data of 32 input channels using a multiplexer 2506. Data input by the multiplexer 2506 is converted into a digital signal by the A / D converter 2508. A / D converter uses DC-DC converter for stable power supply. The A / D converter 2508 starts conversion by receiving a command from the CPU, and the output data is serially transmitted to the CPU module 2100 through the P1 2505 connection terminal.

The memory of the analog input module 2500 is composed of an EPROM 2510 storing program codes, a DPRAM 2512 for data communication through a VME bus, and an EEPROM 2514 storing gain and off set settings. Analog input module 2500 has one built-in RS-232 port for maintenance and consists of 4 LEDs (Powr, Reset, VME Access, Run) to check the operation status. The EPLD 2518 is a chip in which peripheral circuits are integrated.

8 shows one embodiment showing software 2600 of the data acquisition apparatus. The driving program of the data acquisition system 2000 is based on a real-time operating system to ensure the independent operation of each function, and the programs of each module are separately executed by the microkernel 2602. It is mounted on the CPU module in the form of firmware. The data acquisition system control module program 2604 is a module program that performs overall management of the data acquisition system 2000. When a request from the communication control device 3000 is received through the network, the data acquisition system control module program 2604 reports a corresponding result. Control each module program. In addition to the initialization, the data acquisition system control module program 2604 detects mounting states of the measurement module, the monitoring module and the communication module, and sets basic configurations such as preventive diagnosis items of the transformer 1010.

The serial drive module program 2606 is executed at the same time as the data acquisition system control module program 2604, and stores serially input data in the corresponding received data area of the shared memory 2614. If transmission of serial data is required, the data acquisition system control module program 2604 stores the transmission data in the transmission data area of the share memory 2614, and instructs the serial drive module program 2606 to transmit the data. do. Whether the digital drive module program 2608 is performed by the data acquisition system control module program 2604 is determined and the state of each contact signal is driven by driving the digital input module 2400 among the components of the data acquisition system 2000. Watch.

The contact signal is detected once every cycle designated by the data acquisition system control module program 2604, and when a change of state is detected, the contact signal is stored in the corresponding received data area of the share memory 2614 and sent to the data acquisition system control module program 2604. Indicates that there has been a change in the D / I value. Whether the analog drive module program 2610 is performed by the data acquisition system control module program 2604 is determined. The analog drive module program 2610 is driven from the sensor 1020 by driving the analog input module 2500 among the components of the data acquisition system 2000. Read analog measurements. The data acquisition system control module program 2604 determines the number of sampling channels, the input gain and the sampling rate for each channel, in order to convert analog signals into digital signals. When the data acquisition system control module program 2604 determines the number of sampling channels, the analog drive module program 2610 samples each channel at a conversion rate specified by the data acquisition system control module program 2604 in a scanning manner.

Sampling data is converted into RMS and stored in the corresponding received data area of share memory 2614, and the data acquisition system control module program 2604 notifies that the sampling operation is completed.

The network communication module program 2612 is executed simultaneously with the data acquisition system control module program 2604, receives a request from the communication control device 3000, and transfers the contents to the data acquisition system control module program 2604. When the data acquisition system control module program 2604 uploads a result corresponding to the request of the communication control device 3000 to the share memory 2614, the result is transmitted to the communication control device 3000 through the Ethernet port 3004.

The system monitoring module program 2616 is performed when a serial monitoring module program 2606 receives a system monitoring request through a user interface 2618. This module is provided for the user to check the normal operation of the system from the outside, and transmits the currently executed module, data change, A / I, D / I, and setting status of the serial port.

FIG. 9 shows one embodiment showing a communication control device 3000 for acquiring data from the data acquisition system 2000 to the optical LAN and transmitting it to the computer system 1030. The communication control device 3000 includes a main CPU board 3002 for high-speed optical LAN communication through a data acquisition system 2000 and an Ethernet port 3004, a serial input board 3006 for serial data processing with a monitoring control system, The memory board 3008, which is a data storage device, a VME back plan 3012, and a power supply board 3010 for supplying power.

The main CPU board 3002 has a data cache and an instruction cache, a memory manager and a floating point operator. The main CPU board 3002 supports the Ethernet port 3004 using the front AUI or BNC connection terminal. The memory board 30 08 is for storing data acquired from various data acquisition systems 2000 into a database in the communication control device 3000 and is backed up to the battery 3018 to avoid data loss.

The serial input board 3006 employs a microprocessor to process it at high speed in serial communication with the data acquisition system 2000. The communication control device 3000 includes an EPROM 3014 that contains an executable program and an NVRAM 3016 that is backed up to the battery 3018 to maintain various parameters, main information, and the like in the time and the board even when the power is cut off. . The communication control device 3000 uses a VME back plan 3012 for communication between boards. The VME back plan 3012 includes a main CPU board 3002, a memory board 300 8, and a serial input board. 3006, a power supply board 3010, and the like are mounted. The power supply board 3010 of the communication control device 3000 is divided into a main power supply unit and a module power supply unit. The main power supply unit supplies an output voltage of DC 48V necessary for the module power supply unit with AC 220V and DC 125V as input voltages. The module power supply is supplied with 48V DC power to provide the + 5V and ± 12V DC power required for the equipment.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a preventive diagnosis expert system 4000 for providing a driver with an abnormal indication and a degree by driving a diagnosis algorithm between each measurement item and a measurement algorithm using data measured by the sensor 1020. An example is shown. The preventive diagnosis expert system 4000 puts the expert's knowledge into the knowledge base 4004, stores and processes the inference result in the relational database management system 1080 through the inference agency, and reports or graphics desired by the user. Use forms to provide the desired output.

Measurement data from the sensor 1020 is stored in a database through the data acquisition system 2000, the communication control device 3000, and the computer system 1030, and the preventive diagnosis expert system 4000 is required for inference among these data. The data is temporarily stored in the working memory 4002. Data stored in the working memory 4002 is inferred by the interface engine 4006 using the knowledge base 4004 in which the knowledge and logic of the expert are stored. The knowledge base 4004 includes a knowledge acquisition assistance system 4008 for adding or modifying new knowledge. The user base system 4012 and the background of inference for presenting the inference result to the user are provided. And a description assistance system 40 10 for presenting treatment tips. The preventive diagnosis expert system 4000 is driven when an alarm is activated when a demand is required by a user, or when a predetermined level preset by the user is reached. The reasoning of the preventive diagnosis expert system 4000 can perform both forward reasoning, backward reasoning, and mixed reasoning based on the knowledge base 4004 from the input data. In this case, the message is added to the user by adding data. The inferred result divides the state of diagnosis into normal and abnormal, and the abnormal state consists of continuous observation, precise diagnosis after a certain period of time, stop operation and precise diagnosis immediately. The inference result of the preventive diagnosis expert system 4000 is stored in a separate memory area.

Hereinafter, an operation example of a diagnostic algorithm built in the preventive diagnosis expert system 4000 of the present invention will be described.

When the transformer insulating oil gas diagnosis algorithm inputs data of each gas measured by the gas sensor, it compares the value of each gas input with a set level of attention and determines whether there is an abnormality. If there is no gas higher than the critical level of each gas, the trend of gas value is recorded and it is judged as a normal state.If there is a gas higher than the critical level, an alarm is generated and a preventive diagnosis expert system (4000 ). When the preventive diagnosis expert system 4000 is operated, it is compared whether the value of each gas exceeds the abnormal level. If the value of each gas is less than the abnormal level, the IEC code method and the gas pattern method according to the composition ratio of each gas are used. In addition, the cause of failure is analyzed by the Donnenburg method, and the period of the tracking and monitoring is determined to generate the warning signal of the precision gas analysis. However, if a value is detected that is higher than the anomaly level, it is compared with the hazard level again. In comparison with the hazard level, if the measurement detects a value higher than the hazard level, it generates a signal to stop the transformer and generates a diagnostic warning. If the measured value is lower than the dangerous level, the diagnosis by IEC code method, gas pattern method, and Donenberg method by the composition ratio of each gas is analyzed. Occurs.

The transformer partial discharge diagnosis algorithm simultaneously measures the electrical signal at the transformer bushing tap and the ultrasonic signal at the transformer tank to ensure the reliability of the transformer partial discharge measurement and to measure the location of the partial discharge. Determination of the occurrence of the partial discharge first checks the presence of the ultrasonic signal, and if there is an ultrasonic signal to generate an alarm to drive the preventive diagnostic expert system 4000 to check the presence of the electrical signal. At this time, if there is an electric signal, the position of the partial discharge is estimated, and the degree of danger is determined by measuring the magnitude of the electric signal and the ultrasonic signal, and the diagnosis result in the transformer oil gas diagnosis algorithm and the diagnosis result in the transformer temperature diagnosis algorithm do. If there is an ultrasonic signal but there is no electrical signal, the ultrasonic signal may be generated by external noise. Therefore, if the external noise is judged manually, if it is determined to be external noise, it is determined to be in normal operation state, and it is determined as a partial discharge signal In this case, the position of the partial discharge is estimated, the degree of danger is determined by measuring the magnitudes of the electrical signals and the ultrasonic signals, and the diagnosis results in the transformer oil gas diagnosis algorithm and the diagnosis results in the transformer temperature diagnosis algorithm are compared. In the presence of the ultrasonic signal, if there is no ultrasonic signal, the existence of the electrical signal is checked. If there is no electrical signal, it is determined to be in a normal operating state, and if there is an electrical signal, an alarm is generated to drive the expert diagnosis system 4000. However, if there is no ultrasonic signal and the electrical signal is measured, the measurement position of the ultrasonic sensor may not be measured. Therefore, the ultrasonic sensor may be manually changed to check the existence of the ultrasonic signal. If the ultrasonic signal is measured when the mounting position of the ultrasonic sensor is changed, the position of the partial discharge is estimated by considering it as a partial discharge, and the degree of danger is determined by comparing the magnitude of the electric signal with the ultrasonic signal. Compare the diagnostic result with that of the transformer temperature diagnosis algorithm. If the ultrasonic signal is not measured even after changing the position of the ultrasonic sensor, the measured electrical signal is determined as external noise.

The transformer temperature diagnosis algorithm measures the upper insulating oil temperature at the temperature sensor of the platinum resistance thermometer installed in the upper part of the transformer and measures the lower insulating oil temperature entering the tank from the cooling device in the lower tank of the transformer. However, if the temperature sensor cannot be installed in the lower tank of the transformer, the lower insulating oil temperature is calculated by the upper insulating oil temperature. The upper and lower insulating oil temperatures of the transformer calculate the rising temperature of the upper insulating oil and the lower insulating oil from the difference from the ambient temperature, and obtain the average insulating oil rising temperature from the two insulating oil rising temperatures. In addition, the load ratio is calculated by measuring the load current, and the average winding rise temperature at the rated load is calculated using the winding average temperature rise at the rated load measured in the transformer development test. The peak temperature of the winding is calculated from the average rise of the oil and the average rise of the winding. If the peak temperature of the winding is less than the normal deterioration rate reference temperature, it is determined to be in a normal state. When the peak temperature of the winding exceeds the deterioration rate reference temperature, an alarm is generated and the preventive diagnosis expert system 4000 is driven.

When the preventive diagnosis expert system 4000 is driven, it is checked whether the highest temperature is above the maximum operating limit temperature, and if the operating temperature is less than the operating limit temperature, the cause of the temperature increase is analyzed. If the peak temperature is above the operating limit temperature, a warning signal is issued to conduct a detailed inspection such as analysis of the cause of temperature rise, dielectric oil characteristic test, transformer ratio test, low voltage excitation current measurement test, and winding resistance measurement test. The transformer tap-changer diagnosis algorithm consists of a diagnosis related to the switching time for evaluating the time of the current flowing through the tap-changer braking resistor and the contact operation time, and a diagnosis related to the switching drive resistance for evaluating the torque of the drive motor and the current value of the drive motor. It is. Transformer tap-changer adjusts tap by moving the contact, so if the mechanical structure or motor has an abnormality, the time of tap movement or torque is deformed, and the contact moves in high voltage and high current state. It rises. In addition, even if the contact status is normal, it should be replaced after the specified number of times. Therefore, the transformer tap-changer diagnosis receives the operating time, the operating current, the transformer tap-changer tank insulation oil temperature, the transformer body insulation oil temperature, the tap-changer operation frequency, and the load current, and searches whether the measured value is within each reference range. If all the measured values are in the proper range, it is determined to be normal. If the measured values are out of the standard range, an alarm signal is generated, and the preventive diagnosis expert system 4000 is driven.

When the preventive diagnosis expert system 4000 is driven, it is checked whether the operating time and the operating current are within the set value, and when it is out of the set value, it is determined that the drive torque is increased. In addition, when the operating current increases and the operating time is shortened, it is determined that the overvoltage is applied to the motor, and when both the operating time and the current are reduced at the same driving torque, it is determined that the contact friction is reduced. Contact wear of the transformer tap-changer is calculated by the calculation model based on the load current at the end of the switching operation, and a replacement signal is generated when the allowable contact wear is reached. In addition, by measuring the number of times the operation of the tap-changer, it provides the operator with the timing of replacement of the insulating oil inside the tap-changer and the precise check of the tap-changer.

The transformer fan diagnosis algorithm receives the fan's contact status and load current, and checks whether the fan is running with the fan's contact status. If the contact is on and running, check the load current value. If the load current is within the reference range, it is determined to be normal. If the load current is out of the reference range, an alarm is generated and the preventive diagnosis expert system 4000 is driven. The preventive diagnosis expert system 4000 first checks whether the current value is zero, and if it is zero, generates a power off or disconnection message, and if it is not zero, the upper limit value and the lower limit value are compared. If the measured value is greater than the upper limit, motor breakdown, overload and overvoltage confirmation messages are generated. If the measured value is less than the upper limit, compare with the lower limit. If the measured value is less than the lower limit, check if the power supply side is under voltage.

The transformer pump diagnosis algorithm checks the contact state of the pump after receiving the contact state and load current of the pump. If the contact is on and running, check the load current value. If the load current is within the reference range, it is determined to be normal. If the load current is out of the reference range, an alarm is generated, and the preventive diagnosis expert system 4000 is driven. The preventive diagnosis expert system 4000 first checks whether the current value is zero, and if it is zero, generates a power supply f or a disconnection message, and if it is not zero, the upper limit value and the lower limit value are compared. First, if the measured value is greater than the upper limit, motor burnout, overload, overvoltage confirmation message is generated. If the measured value is not greater than the upper limit, compare with the lower limit and check if the power supply side is under voltage. The gas density diagnosis algorithm of GIS receives the gas density converted into the value of 20 ℃ installed in each GIS gas section and checks whether the gas density is within the reference value. And preventive diagnosis expert system (4000). The preventive diagnosis expert system 4000 first compares whether the gas density is lower than the lower limit, and if it is lower than the lower limit, checks for abnormality of the gas density sensor, replaces the sensor if there is an abnormality, and checks the leakage of the GIS if there is no abnormality. do. In addition, if the gas density is greater than the upper limit, the gas density sensor is first searched for abnormality, and if the sensor is not abnormal, the gas pressure is increased due to an abnormality of the gas pressure regulating device. GIS breaker removes induction voltage of gas circuit breaker (GCB) and fault current breaker to cut off fault current because drive current flows to drive coil of breaker moving part when mechanical breaker start signal occurs. The blocking characteristics of the high speed grounding switch (HSGS) are diagnosed by measuring the current type and time flowing in the coil driving the mover of the blocking unit. The circuit breaker diagnostic algorithm compares the current value and the initial value of the drive coil measured at the set control voltage with the GIS installed when the maximum current and current application time for driving the actuator are entered. If is generated, the alarm signal and the preventive diagnosis expert system 4000 are considered as abnormal. The preventive diagnosis expert system 4000 compares the current and time with the initial value simultaneously, and if the measured current is greater than the initial current, it displays the coil abnormality check such as control voltage rise or coil short. In addition, if the measured time is larger than the initial value in the current duration comparison, the control voltage decrease check is displayed.If the control voltage is normal, it is judged that there is no abnormality in the control voltage or coil. Mark the check. The ZnO device diagnosis, which is used as an arrester element, measures the leakage current at the ground voltage of the operating state.If the measured leakage current is less than the limit value, it is determined to be normal, and if it is larger than the limit value, the alarm signal and the preventive diagnosis expert system 4000 are driven. Let's do it. The preventive diagnosis expert system 4000 determines that the ZnO element is deteriorated or abnormal if the measured leakage current value and the change in the average leakage current value of the previous day or the transfer are smaller than the set limit value, and if it is larger than the set limit value, the sensor abnormality is determined.

The present invention has an excellent effect of preventing the economic loss and psychological anxiety due to uninterrupted power in advance by constantly monitoring the abnormal symptoms of transformers, GIS and the like to prevent accidents of large-capacity, ultra-high voltage transformers. In addition, the task of recording the analog value in the work log through the instantaneous time automatically outputs the output data of the sensor attached to the transformer in the memory to automate the maintenance work of the driver. In addition, it establishes an optimal maintenance plan based on accumulated data, and recovers accidents quickly by determining the cause and location of abnormalities based on accumulated data in case of failure. There is a very good effect of inferring the degree of abnormality and providing the driver with a treatment procedure for the abnormality.

Claims (6)

In automatically measuring the deterioration state of the transformer, a sensor 1020 capable of measuring an abnormal symptom of the transformer 1010 is attached to the transformer, and data is constantly acquired during the operation of the transformer. ), And stored in the computer system 1030 through the communication control device 3000, the computer system has a built-in preventive diagnostic expert system 4000 for calculating the correlation with the degradation for each measured data, When the data is input and the error threshold is exceeded, a warning signal is provided to the driver, a preventive diagnosis expert system is driven to infer the type and extent of the fault based on a diagnosis algorithm for each measurement item, and the procedure for dealing with the fault is given to the driver. Transformer preventive diagnosis system (1000), characterized in that providing. The serial input module 2300 and the digital input of claim 1, wherein the data acquisition system 2000 collects serial, digital, or analog signals measured by the abnormality detection sensor 1020 attached to the transformer 1010. A module 2400 and an analog input module 2500, the collected data is stored in the memory module 2200, and the stored data is transmitted to the communication control device 3000 through the optical transmission device 2700, and the like. Operations are processed by the main CPU module 2100 by the software 2600 of the data acquisition device of the main CPU module 2100, wherein each module is configured to be powered from the power supply 2800. Device preventive diagnosis system (1000). The computer system 1030 of claim 1, the computer system 1030 is connected to each device using the hub 1050 to facilitate network management, and the data output from the sensor 1020 is converted into the display range, to the driver when an error occurs Notifies the alarm signal, stores the equipment history, fault history, inspection and maintenance history data of the transformer (1010), and is equipped with a relational database management system (1080) for systematic data management, monitor (10 40) It is composed of a printer (1 070) for outputting the various screens appearing in the facility or record the alarm information, the printer 1070 is a transformer preventive diagnostic system (1000), characterized in that managed by the printer server (1060). delete The preventive diagnostic expert system 4000 stores expert knowledge and logic in a knowledge base 4004 having a knowledge acquisition assistance system 4008 for adding or modifying new knowledge. An interface engine 4006 which is driven when a request or an alarm alarm reaches a predetermined level preset by an operation or a user, and holds a diagnostic algorithm of each measurement item and a diagnosis algorithm between the measurement items using the data measured by the sensor 1020. Infer the signs and extent of abnormalities, provide the driver with reports or graphics in a report or graphic format, and provide a description assistance system 4010 for presenting the background and treatment of the reasoning. The transformer preventive diagnosis system (1000), characterized in that for storing in the relational database management system (1080). The method of claim 2, wherein the software 2600 of the data acquisition apparatus performs management of the data acquisition system 2000, reports the corresponding result according to a request from the communication control apparatus 3000, and requires each module program. The data acquisition system control module program 2604 for controlling the data and the serial drive module program 2606 and the digital input module 2400 for storing the data inputted in the serial to the corresponding receiving data area of the share memory 2614, respectively. The digital drive module program 2608 which detects the state of the contact signals once every specified period and detects the change of state in the corresponding receive data area of the share memory, and converts the analog signal into a digital signal to share the memory. Of the analog drive module program 2610 and the communication control device 3000 to be stored in the corresponding reception data area. The network communication module program 2612 for transmitting the result corresponding to the communication control device 3000 and the system through the user interface 2618 in the serial drive module program 2606 to check whether the system is operating normally. It is composed of system monitoring module program 2616 which transmits data change, A / I, D / I, setting status of serial port, etc. as a monitoring value when the inspection request is received. Transformer preventive diagnosis system, characterized in that the program is performed separately.