KR100368119B1 - Axial flow 4 stroke engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a pair of cylindrical structure in which one side is opened, the housing 10 is arranged so that the open surfaces are opposed to each other; A boss (15) disposed on the same center line as the inside of the housing (10); A support 20 supporting the boss 15 while sealing the open surface of the housing 10 and having a plurality of inner holes 20a and outer holes 20b; A rotating body (30) mounted on the inner space of the housing (10) via a shaft (60) and having opposite surfaces formed of a sine-shaped curved surface (30a); A plurality of walls (40) installed on the support (20) so as to be slid linearly and extending to contact the opposite curved surfaces (30a) of the rotating body (30); And an air passage opened through the openings 51a and 52a formed to rotate together with the rotating body 30 in contact with the inner surface of the housing 10 and the outer surface of the boss 15. As the valve body 50 is formed, the engine can be reduced in size and weight while reducing the number of operating parts such as a valve by taking advantage of a general piston reciprocating engine and a rotary engine.

Description

Axial flow 4 stroke engine

The present invention relates to an axial four-stroke engine, and more particularly, to an axial four-stroke engine that can reduce the size of the engine while reducing the number of operating parts such as valves.

In general, among the heat engines that convert thermal energy into mechanical energy, combustion is performed inside the engine, and the power source that converts the mechanical energy using thermal energy generated when the combustion gas expands is a piston reciprocating engine, a rotary engine, and a turbine engine. Etc.

The piston reciprocating four-stroke engine has a structure in which the cylinder reciprocates, so that a mechanism device for converting the reciprocating motion into the rotational motion has to be added. For this reason, it is not suitable to constitute a small power source of several horsepower.

On the other hand, since the rotary engine performs the necessary stroke by using the rotor, which is a rotating cylinder, the structure is simple and the combustion is stable at low speed, but the fuel intake efficiency is poor and the combustion is unstable at high speed.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an axial four-stroke engine that is much simpler in structure than a piston reciprocating four-stroke engine and that can improve the disadvantages of a general rotary engine with poor fuel intake efficiency and unstable combustion at high speed. .

1 is a perspective view showing the main part of the engine according to the present invention partially cut;

2 is a perspective view showing a state in which the housing of Figure 1 assembled;

3 is a perspective view of the rotating body of FIG.

4A and 4B are exploded views of a plan view and a curved portion of the rotating body of FIG. 3, respectively;

5 is a perspective view illustrating the valve body of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the length of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram schematically illustrating FIG. 6;

8 is a graph showing the state of the rotating body according to the four-stroke progress of the present invention,

9 is a perspective view showing a valve body according to a modification of the present invention;

10 is a perspective view of a valve body according to still another modification of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

10 housing 15 boss

20: support 20a: inner hole

20b: outer hole 30: rotating body

40 wall 50 valve body

51: inner ring 52: outer ring

51a, 52a: opening 60: shaft

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a pair of cylindrical structures in which one side is opened, and a housing 10 in which the open surfaces thereof are opposed to each other; A boss (15) disposed on the same center line as the inside of the housing (10); A support 20 supporting the boss 15 while sealing the open surface of the housing 10 and having a plurality of inner holes 20a and outer holes 20b; A rotating body (30) mounted on the inner space of the housing (10) via a shaft (60) and having opposite surfaces formed of a sine-shaped curved surface (30a); A plurality of walls (40) installed on the support (20) so as to be slid linearly and extending to contact the opposite curved surfaces (30a) of the rotating body (30); And an air passage opened through the openings 51a and 52a formed to rotate together with the rotating body 30 in contact with the inner surface of the housing 10 and the outer surface of the boss 15. It characterized in that it comprises a valve body 50 to be.

At this time, the housing 10 is provided with an inlet 10b for communicating air into the housing 10 through the outer hole 20b of the support 20, the boss 15 is the support 20 It is provided with an exhaust port (15b) for communicating with the inner hole (20a) of the () to discharge the air inside the housing (10).

The rotor 30 is arranged such that the axial distance is always constant at any point on both curved surfaces 30a.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

1 is a perspective view showing a partially cut away the main part of the engine according to the present invention.

In the engine according to the present invention, the boss 15 and the support 20 are integrally assembled on the housing 10 to perform a role of a cylinder, and the rotor 30 is formed by the wall 40 in the interior thereof. It is a rotary engine that is divided into spaces and serves as a rotor. The housing 10, the boss 15, and the support 20 are manufactured separately, and then sequentially assembled together with the rotating body 30 and the wall 40 to be described later.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state in which the housing of FIG. 1 is assembled, partially cut away. FIG.

The housing 10 corresponds to a cylinder block and a head in a piston engine, and includes a rotating body 30, a wall 40, a valve body 50 for an intake and exhaust air, a cooling system, and the like described later. The housing 10 may have various shapes according to the intake / exhaust system, but basically, the housing 10 may be divided into two cases, one having a valve related device such as a piston engine and one having no valve related device such as a Japanese rotary engine. An embodiment of the present invention is shown for the latter case, which can be divided into various types depending on the position and opening and closing device of the intake and exhaust.

Both sides of the housing 10 are inner spaces in which four strokes are actually performed, and a center portion is an outer space for connecting an intake and exhaust system and a cooling system. The inner and outer spaces are divided into the support 20, and the inner hole 20a and the outer hole 20b are formed on the support 20 to enable intake and exhaust. The inner hole 20a is machined on a PCD (pitch circle diameter) smaller than the outer diameter of the boss 15, and the outer hole 20b is machined on a PCD larger than the inner diameter of the housing 10. In this embodiment, the inner hole 20a and the outer hole 20b are formed in eight places with the same diameter, respectively. Here, the outer hole 20b may be formed not only in the support 20 but also in the housing 10, in which case there is an advantage that the space utilization between the two supports 20 is improved.

At this time, the housing 10 is formed in communication with the outer hole 20b of the support 20 inlet 10b for introducing air into the housing 10, the boss 15 of the support 20 An exhaust port 15b is formed in communication with the inner hole 20a to discharge the air inside the housing 10. The inlet port 10b and the exhaust port 15b are first processed by the axial flow path, and then processed by crossing the radial flow path, so that an air entry flow path is formed in a L shape. Reference numerals 10a and 15a denote through holes through which the shaft 60 of the rotating body 30 is inserted.

3 is a perspective view illustrating the rotating body of FIG. 1, and FIGS. 4A and 4B are exploded views of a plan view and a curved portion of the rotating body of FIG. 3, respectively.

The role of the rotor 30 corresponds to a piston in a piston reciprocating four-stroke engine or a rotor in a rotary engine. For example, when the suction and explosion stroke starts, that is, the top dead center position of the piston corresponds to the top dead center position of the rotor 30, and the compression and exhaust stroke starts, that is, the bottom dead center position of the piston. Corresponds to the bottom dead center of the rotating body 30. In the former piston reciprocating engine, the linear reciprocating motion is converted into rotational motion, so vibration and mechanical loss problems occur. In the latter rotary engine, the planetary motion is performed, but in the case of using the rotor 30, the full circular motion is performed. Therefore, the problem of efficiency reduction can be solved to some extent.

In FIG. 3, the rotor 30 integrally coupled to the shaft 60 is It has (n = 0, 1, 2, ...) top dead center and bottom dead center, and four strokes of suction-compression-explosion-exhaust are made according to the volume change caused by the rotational movement thereof. In the present embodiment, n = 1, that is, the rotor 30 having two top dead centers and two bottom dead centers is implemented.

4A and 4B, points A, B, C, and D on the curved surface 30a of the rotating body 30 are symmetrical with respect to the center of the rotating body 30 at intervals of 90 °. Its symmetry is maintained. Here, A and C correspond to the position of the top dead center, and B and D correspond to the position of the bottom dead center. a, b, c, and d are positions at which the height of the rotating body 30 becomes a reference value '0', and are positioned at 45 ° based on the intersection of the lines connecting the top dead centers A, C and the bottom dead centers B, D. At the same angles at the four positions in the same direction, the absolute values of the height values are the same and the signs are different. Those with the same sign are at 180 ° to each other and signs of those at 90 ° to each other are reversed. In the city, the d-a and b-c sections have a '+' value toward the top dead center and the a-b and c-d sections have a '-' value toward the bottom dead center. The top dead center and the bottom dead center do not necessarily coincide with the highest and lowest points of the rotating body 30.

As described above, since there is a difference in height at any portion of the curved surface 30a, the symmetry is maintained in the radial direction, so that the wall 40 coming into contact with the rotating body 30 may be curved with the curved surface 30a or the line 30 at any one position. In the surface contact, even if the rotating body 30 is rotated relative to the center of the wall 40 is to maintain the line or surface contact at all times while the linear reciprocating motion in the axial direction.

On the other hand, FIG. 4B shows a sine-shaped curved surface 30a symmetrical with respect to the axis in any radial direction at the center of the rotating body 30, but can also be configured asymmetrically. That is, the points a to d, which are positions of the reference values, are not located in the middle of the points A to D, but are slightly biased to one side (for example, to the right). Of course, even in this case, the axial distance must always be constant at any point on both curved surfaces of the two rotating bodies so as not to affect the movement of the wall 40.

On the other hand, although not shown, it is also possible to configure a four-leaf clover-type rotating body to cause the stroke to occur in a direction perpendicular to the shaft (60). That is, n = 2 is applied and the walls 40 are disposed on the outer side of the rotating body and move forward and backward in the direction perpendicular to the axis.

In addition, according to the present invention in Figure 1, the wall 40 is always in line or surface contact with the curved surface (30a) in accordance with the rotation of the rotating body 30 to separate the administrative chamber to make independently, maintaining the airtight between the administrative chamber Play a role. The number of walls 40 can be increased from a minimum of two, which is implemented for a system using eight.

The wall 40 is not a predetermined shape, but entering one engine generally has the same shape. In the present embodiment, the wall 40 is formed in a plate shape and arranged at equal angular intervals about the shaft 60. Walls 40 are linear reciprocating motion in the axial direction when the rotating body 30 rotates. The wall 40 lying in the 90 ° direction with respect to any one wall 40 always vibrates at the same speed in opposite directions due to the characteristics of the curved surface 30a of the rotating body 30 shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B. To some extent, the effect can be expected.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view illustrating the valve body of FIG. 1. FIG.

According to the present invention, a valve body 50 for opening and closing the inlet port 10b of the engine housing 10 and the exhaust port 15b of the boss 15 is used. The valve body 50 has an inner ring 51 and an outer ring 52, each having an opening 51a and 52a, and is integrally fitted to the rotating body 30, and the inlet port 10b and the exhaust port 15b are adapted to the stroke. Open and close the). In the case of using the valve body 50 of the rotating body type, when the mass is balanced on the valve body 50 by adding mass to the openings 51a and 52a which are opened, the vibration due to the dynamic unbalance during rotation can be reduced. Can be.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the longitudinally terminated view of FIG. 1, FIG. 7 is a schematic view schematically illustrating FIG. 6, and FIG. 8 is a graph showing a state of the rotating body according to the four-stroke process of the present invention.

6 and 7, the entire apparatus according to the present invention comprises a housing 10, a support 20, and a rotating body 30 in pairs, and a wall 40, an intake port 10b, and an exhaust port 15b. Consists of eight pieces each. The outer ring 52 of the valve body 50 rotates in contact with the inner surface of the housing 10 to open and close the inlet port 10b, and the inner ring 51 rotates in contact with the outer surface of the boss 15 and exhaust port 15b. Open and close The valve body 50 is integrally formed with the rotating body 30 and rotates clockwise. The openings 51a and 52a on the valve body 50 are cut in an appropriate range that does not affect the intake and exhaust operation.

In this way, if a 16-stroke engine (8 strokes per rotor) is composed of eight walls 40, the explosion and suction strokes are respectively performed based on two top dead centers, and the compression and exhaust strokes are respectively based on two bottom dead centers. This is done. When the administration chamber of one side becomes a reference | standard of a compression or exhaust stroke, the administration chamber of the other side which has a space | interval of this 90 degree becomes a reference | standard of a suction or explosion stroke. However, in consideration of the efficiency of mixed gas intake, combustion timing, etc., the reference point of the stroke may be slightly changed like a piston engine. Points a to d as described in FIG. 4b perform an intermediate process in which the strokes are changed. The rotating body 30 and the valve body 50 have the same rotation speed as the shaft 60, and the wall 40 moves axially between the rotating bodies 30 on both sides as the rotating body 30 rotates. In the meantime, it will be able to divide administrative offices and maintain confidentiality.

8 and Table 1 show a process in which each stroke proceeds toward the right side. The illustration shows an administration room in the side of the rotating body 30 as an example. In the figure, the horizontal line is the support 20, the vertical line is the two walls 40, the curve is the curved surface 30a of the rotating body 30, and the fine points are a mixed gas or combustion gas of air and fuel. The rotor 30 is rotated in the direction of the arrow (right), and a sequential stroke is made. Taking the suction stroke as an example, the suction of the mixed gas starts when the top dead center of the rotating body 30, which is the leftmost figure, is in the center of the administrative chamber, and the volume of the administrative chamber increases as the rotating body 30 rotates to the right. It shows what happens. The suction is completed when the bottom dead center of the rotating body 30 which is the rightmost figure came to the center of the administration room. The explosion occurs once in each administration room per revolution of the rotor 30. Therefore, eight explosions occur per revolution in one rotor 30.

The table below gives the eight administrative offices the names of "A administrative office-H administrative office" to each of the eight administrative offices, and shows the administrative state based on the time each time the rotor 30 rotates by 45 °.

Administrative Office Hours A administration office B administration office C administration office D administration office E administration office F administration office G administration office H administration office 1st hour Exhaust 末 Suction 初 Inhalation Suction 末 Compression 初 Compression Compression 末 Explosion 初 Exploding Explosion 末 Exhaust 初 Exhaust 2nd hour Inhalation Suction 末 Compression 初 Compression Compression 末 Explosion 初 Exploding Explosion 末 Exhaust 初 Exhaust Exhaust 末 Suction 初 3rd hour Suction 末 Compression 初 Compression Compression 末 Explosion 初 Exploding Explosion 末 Exhaust 初 Exhaust Exhaust 末 Suction 初 Inhalation 4th hour Compression Compression 末 Explosion 初 Exploding Explosives Exhaust Exhaust 末 Suction 初 Inhalation Suction 末 Compression 初 5th hour Compression 末 Explosion 初 Exploding Explosion 末 Exhaust 初 Exhaust Exhaust 末 Suction 初 Inhalation Suction 末 Compression 初 Compression 6th hour Exploding Explosion 末 Exhaust 初 Exhaust Exhaust 末 Suction 初 Inhalation Suction 末 Compression 初 Compression Compression 末 Explosion 初 7th hour Explosion 末 Exhaust 初 Exhaust Exhaust 末 Suction 初 Inhalation Suction 末 Compression 初 Compression Compression 末 Explosion 初 Exploding 8th hour Exhaust Exhaust 末 Suction 初 Inhalation Suction 末 Compression 初 Compression Compression 末 Explosion 初 Exploding Explosion 末 Exhaust 初

When the rotational body rotates in the clockwise direction to the administrative chambers of A to H, the A administrative chamber in the state shown in FIG. 15b) is omitted.)

(1) In the first time, the exhaust port is closed and the intake port is open.

② When the rotating body rotates 45 ° and reaches the second time, the administrative office A will have the same volume as the administrative office B. At this time, as can be seen with reference to Figures 6 and 7, the intake port and the connection passage is completely open, the suction proceeds.

③ When the rotating body rotates 45 ° again for the third time, the administrative office A has the same volume as the administrative office C. That is, the suction port is completely closed and the rotor is located at the bottom dead center, the suction stroke is completed and the compression stroke is started.

④ When the rotating body rotates 45 ° again for the fourth time, the A administrative office will have the same volume as the D administrative office. At this time, the intake and exhaust mechanisms are closed, and the compression stroke proceeds.

⑤ When the rotating body rotates 45 ° again and reaches the fifth hour, the administrative office A has the same volume as the administrative office E. When the rotor reaches the top dead center, the compression stroke ends and the explosion stroke by ignition begins.

⑥ When the rotating body rotates 45 ° again for the sixth time, the A administrative chamber has the same volume as the F administrative chamber and expands.

⑦ When the rotor rotates 45 ° and reaches the 7th hour, the A-stroke chamber has the same volume as the G-stroke chamber and the rotor is located at the bottom dead center. At this point, the exhaust port is about to open, and after the explosion stroke, the exhaust stroke begins.

⑧ When the rotor rotates 45 ° and reaches the 8th hour, the A-stroke chamber has the same volume as the H-stroke chamber, and the exhaust port is completely opened, and the exhaust stroke proceeds.

⑨ When the rotating body rotates 45 ° again to reach the first time, the exhaust port is closed and the intake port is opened to start the suction stroke.

In the axial four-stroke engine according to the present invention, the expansion pressure of the mixed gas due to combustion is a force directed in the normal direction with respect to a point on any surface (straight line) on the curved surface 30a of the rotor 30. It can be represented by. here, Is the force acting in the axial direction, and the force that rotates the output shaft Becomes If the average distance of the rotating body from the output shaft is r, the torque is Becomes The torque is transmitted to the output shaft immediately by the full circular motion, and the number of explosions can be obtained as much as 2 times in the case of two-spinning strokes per rotation of the rotating body. A more stable rotational force (driving force) is achieved than two explosions per rotation of the output shaft.

In addition, although not shown in the drawing, when the shaft 60 of the rotating body 30 is connected to the output shaft via an internal gear and an external gear having a predetermined reduction ratio, the rotational speed of the rotating body is relatively reduced compared to the output shaft. ), The friction between the wall 40 and the housing 10 can be reduced.

9 is a perspective view showing a valve body according to a modification of the present invention, and FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a valve body according to another modification of the present invention.

In the present embodiment, the case is not equipped with a valve system, but the engine having the intake vents on the inside and outside of the wall 40, respectively, but implemented to have both the intake and exhaust vents outside the wall 40 or intake air into the wall 40 It is also possible to have all the volleyball. In the former case, a valve body as shown in FIG. 9 is used, and the angular range of the cut opening is adjusted to the stroke time as in the previous example. In this way, if the position of the inlet and outlet is changed to either side with respect to the wall 40, the inlet 10b and the outlet 15b of FIG.

In any case, it is advantageous in terms of reducing the weight of the valve body as compared to the configuration of FIG. 5, but there is a disadvantage in that the structure for connecting to interlock with the rotor 30 is complicated.

Moreover, when equipped with a valve system, it is also possible to use the valve body of the structure like FIG. In this case, gas exchange occurs in the same manner as in the reciprocating engine, and the support 20 corresponds to the cylinder block in the reciprocating engine. In this case, the inlet port 10b and the exhaust port 15b of FIG. 1 are unnecessary. Such a valve body has an intake valve and an exhaust valve in each stroke chamber, and these valves are connected to the rod. These rods move forward and backward by opening and closing the intake and exhaust mechanisms by respective circular cams projecting rearwardly in accordance with respective stroke times. In this case, the operation of the cam should be linked to the shaft 60 of the rotating body 30 through a separate mechanism from the outside.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the ignition device for performing the explosive stroke, the lubrication and cooling device of the engine, etc. are not shown, but it is easy to configure by applying the technology of the conventional rotary engine.

On the other hand, the inlet port 10b and the exhaust port 15b shown through the embodiment of the present invention is divided for convenience of description and the roles may be interchanged. The intake port 10b and the exhaust port 15b connect separate pipes and are collected through the intake manifold and the exhaust manifold.

According to the above configuration and operation, the present invention has the effect of reducing the size of the engine while reducing the number of operating parts such as valves by utilizing the advantages of a general piston reciprocating engine and a rotary engine.

It is apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments, and that various modifications and variations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, such modifications or variations will have to belong to the claims of the present invention.

Claims (4)

A housing having a pair of cylindrical structures, one side of which is open, the openings of which are disposed to face each other; A boss (15) disposed on the same central axis inwardly of the housing (10); A support 20 supporting the boss 15 while sealing the open surface of the housing 10 and having a plurality of inner holes 20a and outer holes 20b; A rotating body (30) mounted on the inner space of the housing (10) via a shaft (60) and having opposite surfaces formed of a sine-shaped curved surface (30a); A plurality of walls 40 installed on the support 20 so as to be slid linearly in the axial direction, respectively, and extending to contact the opposite curved surfaces 30a of the rotating body 30; And It is installed to rotate together with the rotating body 30 in contact with the inner surface of the housing 10 and the outer surface of the boss 15, and to open the air flow path through the opening (51a) (52a) formed in a predetermined section An axial four-stroke engine comprising a valve body (50). The method of claim 1, The housing (10) is an axial four-stroke engine, characterized in that it is in communication with the outer hole (20b) of the support (20) has an inlet (10b) for introducing air into the interior of the housing (10). The method of claim 1, The boss (15) is an axial four-stroke engine, characterized in that it has an exhaust port (15b) for communicating with the inner hole (20a) of the support (20) to discharge the air in the housing (10). The method of claim 1, The rotary body 30 is an axial four-stroke engine, characterized in that the axial distance is always arranged at any point of the two curved surface (30a).