KR100365360B1 - Machine for conditioning laminar flexible products such as industrial hides and skins - Google Patents

Abstract

The regulators for controlling thin and elastic products, such as industrial leather, include at least one control unit (2) traversed by the product to be treated, blowers (9, 12) for blowing air out of the product and the product being processed. Consists of a series of air jets to blow air into the transverse direction of the product at the same time on both sides of the. The product is moved substantially along the horizontal plane G by paired annular yarns 30, 30 ′, 35, 35 ′ uniformly distributed across the effective width of the control passage. Each pair of threads lies on opposite sides and contacts to support the product P, moves along the passageway and frees their surface. Optionally, the advancing means are formed by a pair of endless belts facing each other to securely hold the product while allowing passage of the exhaust air.

Description

MACHINE FOR CONDITIONING LAMINAR FLEXIBLE PRODUCTS SUCH AS INDUSTRIAL HIDES AND SKINS}

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention generally applies to the field of processing of flexible and thin products, such as leather and leather, and more particularly relates to machines for controlling such products by suitably treated air.

Some types of stretchy and thin products, such as industrial leather, are known to contain a lot of moisture and are not suitable for unfinished or finished products.

Therefore, such products must be dried by suitable machinery and plant equipment.

If these products are subjected to the above drying process, they may be excessively or unevenly dried, reducing their elasticity and strength, which may expose them to risk of damage during subsequent processing.

It is also well known that some products, such as industrial leather, must have a finishing step of filling both sides with a waterproofing agent with given physical and chemical properties. In such a case, if the product dries only on one side or then dry on the other side, it will create a virtual diaphragm that will increase the obstruction on that side and prevent the removal of residual moisture from the inside of the product, resulting in a bad smell for a long time.

It is therefore to be understood that in some industries, such as the tanning industry, appropriate means of 'controlling' the product should be provided, which means that not only according to the specific needs of the finished and semi-finished products, but also their qualities and thicknesses. It is to precisely control and adjust the residual moisture of the product.

As a machine and apparatus for drying a thin, elastic product containing moisture, for example, a vacuum dryer of a discontinuous type is known. These machines are equipped with a heating plate in which a dry product such as leather is placed on top of it and subjected to high vacuum.

Water is released from the product in the form of vapors and condensed and removed in the form of water.

The dry treated leather may still have a residual moisture content of 30% to 50%, and the content may be high or low for a given application.

Other drying equipment is known, such as chain drying equipment, which suspends dry products in an infinite chain, which is continuously unwound in the air, along a path extending through a work area aimed at other processes, such as chain drying equipment. In terms of methods, space and labor time are reduced. Although such known devices are relatively low in cost, the fact that the treatment is the same for all products has a relatively low flexibility inconvenience and cannot be applied to the thicknesses and qualities of the different products suspended in the chain. Moreover, the products last for a very long time, prominently holding up capital.

Tunnel arrangements are likewise known, in which the products are sent to a conduit with a suitable air flow, which provides repeated clean drying to the product previously treated with a suitable regulator or moisture absorbent. In these known devices, the moisture present in the product is not removed in a uniform and controlled manner. In addition, the processing of the product is too slow to allow application to increasingly distinct production needs in a very short time. In this case too, there is an excessive economic fixation with obvious economic disadvantages.

It is a first object of the present invention to provide a machine for the control of thin, stretchy articles, in particular industrial leather, to prevent the retention of moisture inside the article and at the same time achieve controlled uniform drying of both sides of the article. will be.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a thin flexible product conditioner that allows production of a substantially flat, flawless product that, due to high throughput and effectiveness, prevents a large amount of product and capital from consequently immobilizing. .

It is an object of the present invention to provide a regulator having the property of easily and immediately adjusting process elements according to the product being processed.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a regulator having a relatively simple and dense structure so as to reduce labor.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a regulator having an adjustment section as long as possible within a limited area.

Yet another object is to provide a machine for the control of modular, leather and similar products which can be adapted to the particular needs of the size and productivity of the room in which the machine is located.

These and other objects of the invention, according to claim 1, follow at least one control unit with an inlet for the product to be treated and an outlet for the treated product, along with a control passage between the inlet and the outlet. Means for advancing the product, means for circulation of air along the passageway, wherein the circulation means comprises an air jet which simultaneously blows to both sides of the product while the product is running along the passageway; Achieved by a machine for adjusting thin products comprising them.

Due to the simultaneous blowing of air to both sides of the product, this latter adjustment is faster and more effective, thus reducing both the cost and time of the process. Preferably on the side facing the plane of the mounting plane of the product. The air jet is blown out by a series of nozzles having a discharge port mounted thereon, the discharge ports facing each other and spaced apart from each other in the longitudinal direction.

In a preferred embodiment, each nozzle consists of side walls that are concentrated towards the discharge port.

Optionally, this outlet port may be arranged substantially above the planar wall and horizontal to the plane on which the leather is placed.

Advantageously, the discharge port extends substantially beyond the entire width of the control unit and has a substantially fixed width.

Each successive nozzle is preferably distributed in a predetermined width along the lengthwise extension of the adjustment unit.

In the intention of the invention, the means for advancing the leather consists of a plurality of pairs of threads and is parallel to each other along all the control passages facing the plane on which the product is placed, holding and touching these latter firmly, Move them along the passage.

Multiple pairs of threads are regularly spaced over the entire width of the adjustment unit to firmly support the product being processed.

From the point of view of reducing the cross sectional area of the seal, it allows the movement of the product along the passage while maintaining the product in a substantially extended state and simultaneously exposing both sides to the action of the air jet, Make the most of the shortcuts.

Each thread has a ring-shaped structure defined as a passageway for controlling the product.

1 shows a general side view of a leather treatment plant incorporating a first embodiment according to the invention,

Figure 2 shows a side view partially cut along the vertical length plane of the regulator of a second embodiment according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 shows a plan view of the machine showing some parts of FIG. 2 transparent.

4 shows a front view of the machine showing some parts of FIG. 2 transparent

5 is a schematic diagram of a module unit of a machine according to the invention, partially cut along the V-V plane.

6 is a partial sectional view along the vertical plane VI-VI of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the machine of FIG. 5 taken along plane VIII-VIII

8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of each of the machines along the VIII-VIII plane of FIG.

9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of each of the machines according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of an enlarged view of each of FIG. 9. FIG.

Fig. 1 shows an installation L for processing a thin and elastic product, such as industrial leather P, which is generally indicated by reference numeral 1 as an adjuster according to the invention. A vacuum dryer (D) with multiple hot plates, upstream of the regulator (1) according to the invention, in which the leather is dried until the residual relative humidity is 20% -40%. Downstream of the vacuum dryer (D), the leather (P) undergoes an adjustment process, which means to control and regulate their relative water content up to 10% -20% residual humidity. Finally, the leather is moved to a known type of perching machine S to soften and thicken the footing.

The regulator 1 can be applied separately between the machine and the processing steps, as shown in FIG. 1, without departing from the scope of the invention.

Moreover, the regulator can also be used to increase the moisture content while in the prior dry condition, thereby giving a convenient touch and partial deterioration to the product.

In addition, a number of control units may be installed depending on the user's specific needs and the type of product to be processed.

The regulator 1, depicted schematically in FIG. 1, has six module units 2, aligned substantially with one another in line. The products P move along a control passage extending substantially in the longitudinal direction A from the suction part 3 for the product to be treated to the discharge part for the already processed product.

While the product P moves, these latter remain substantially extended over the horizontal plane G, although this plane may be tilted or vertically oriented without departing from the invention.

2 to 10 show a simplified embodiment of the regulator according to the invention, wherein the machine consists of only two modular units with respect to each other, similarly for the inlet part 3 and the outlet part for the product P. (4) is provided.

Each unit 2 is constituted by a box-shaped case 5, for example, a metal plate consisting of substantially flat side walls and top and bottom walls. The inner space formed by the wall has a predetermined width W and a length T, and is provided with a dividing wall constituting the lower portion 7 and the upper portion 8.

The lower part 7 constitutes a space for the passage of the product P, using suitable means of movement and means for a suitable air injection process.

According to FIG. 4, which is clearly shown, the upper part 8 is for the circulation of air coming in from the outside through the hole 10 and for its passage through the heat exchanger 11 before entering the lower part 7. A part of the air circulation means containing one or more blowers 9.

The air that has achieved its adjustment function is drawn in from the lower portion 7 and is discharged to the outside by the discharge blower 12 through the discharge hole 13.

According to the invention, the circulation means contains a jet of air directed simultaneously to both sides of the product P while the product P moves along the control passage.

In particular, the air jet is generated by a continuation of the nozzles 14, 14 'having discharge ports 15, 15' arranged on opposite sides with respect to the plane of the product.

Preferably the blown air jet is directed transversely with respect to the direction of travel A while the product is in the control passage.

In addition, the discharge ports 15 and 15 'are arranged to face each other. Optionally, the discharge ports 15, 15 'are biased in the longitudinal direction, whereby the same general effect may be obtained.

Preferred embodiments of the nozzles 14 and 14 'will be described later, and obviously the alternative forms may be equally applicable and may be classified within the same inventive concept.

In particular, one or more blowing chambers 16 are constituted by a lower part 7 and have a roughly rectangular or cuboid shape similar to a horizontal drawer.

Advantageously, each chamber 16 may be provided with a pair of corrugated plates 17, 17 ′ having internally fixed or various stage lengths R, such plates being in a substantially opposite relationship. It is symmetrical and transversely transverse to the intermediate plane G constituting the plate through which the product P travels. Corrugated plates 17 and 17 'subdivide the chamber 18 into a central hollow space 18 lower hollow space 19 and an upper hollow space 19'.

Preferably, the corrugations of the plates 17 and 17 'actually extend in the transverse direction with respect to the traveling direction A of the product. These corrugations are evenly spaced apart to form each wall 20, 21, 20 ′, 21 ′ and the bottom wall is parallel to plane G and plane G, respectively. Is inclined with respect to the bottom walls 22 and 22 '.

These bottom walls 22 and 22 'are provided with slits having a substantially uniform thickness M to constitute the discharge ports 15 (15'). 20) (21) (20 ') 21' and generally formed by slits or discharge ports (15) (15 ') formed on bottom walls (22) (22').

Suitably, the outlet ports 15, 15 ′ extend approximately beyond the full width W of the adjustment unit 2. In addition, the continuation of the nozzles 14 and 14 'is arranged at a constant distance from each longitudinal of the longitudinal extension of the unit 2.

Heated air introduced by the blower 9 and heated by the heat exchanger 11 is carried to the side manifold 23 common to the blowing chamber 16 and through each of the hollows 24 and 25 the respective hollows. It is distributed to space 19 (19`).

The air is conveyed to the nozzles 14 and 14 'so that the plane P is extended through the discharge ports 15 and 15' while being pushed along the hollow space 18 (P). Is blown out.

Optionally, adjustment valves or shutters may be provided in the corresponding respective inlet gaps to adjust the air flow rate in each blowing chamber 16 to suit the desired condition of the product as desired.

Exhaust air is discharged from the hollow space 18 through a single central clearance 26 provided in each chamber 16 to be supplied to each chamber 16 and through a side collection manifold common to all chambers 16. Passing by In order to maintain a controlled humidity level, a portion of the air passing through the machine is sucked out of the manifold 27 through the exhaust blower 12 and discharged out through the gap 13. By blocking the hole 10, fresh air flows in at the same time.

Preferably, the nozzles are dimensioned to increase the air discharge rate above 10 m / s.

Each chamber 16 constitutes a stage of the adjustment process for the leather and the number of stages of the machine depends on various factors such as the shape and quality of the leather, its thickness, and the initial moisture content. The number of blowing chambers 16 therefore determines the working capacity of the machine.

In the embodiment depicted in FIGS. 2, 3, 4 each regulating unit 2 provides three blowing chambers 16 superimposed on one another.

In the preferred embodiment, the higher means, generally indicated at 28, are formed by a pair of annular yarns 30, 30 ′, in parallel relationship in a transverse direction with a step of length U. It is arranged.

The annular yarns 30, 30 ′ are parallel in the hollow space 18 of the chamber 16 along a substantially straight horizontal length a that is longer than twice the longitudinal dimension T of each modular unit 2. It is wound on the end rolls 31, 32, 33, 34 in a moving manner, so that leather P is firmly held on the plane G.

Therefore, pairs of adjacent yarns 30 and 30 'constitute the first turning length a indicated along arrow F. FIG. The second sequence of yarns 35, 35 'is similarly laid down below the previous one and similarly wound around each end roller 36, 37, 38, 39 and indicated by an arrow F'. The length b of the rearward direction is comprised with respect to the continuation of a pair of thread 30,30 '. The second turning length c extends along the direction of arrow F between a and b above. The pairs of yarns 30, 30 ′, 35, 35 ′ are thus placed side by side and constitute a control passage having a sinusoidal or maze form consisting of straight lengths a , b , c .

The overturning assembly 40 can also be provided adjacent to the end rollers and automatically provide reversal of the product P between the respective lengths a , b and c to prevent operator intervention.

The paired threads are arranged in a side by side relationship and are evenly distributed throughout the effective width W of the unit 2 so that the product P is held firmly between them. Thanks to the reduction in the thickness of the thread, the leather (P) faces the airflow as a whole, allowing optimal control on both sides.

Thread 30, 30 ', 35, 35' are Perlon As such, it may be synthesized with a high strength material having a low elastic modulus.

According to an alternative embodiment, although not depicted in the drawings, the progressing means may be constituted by successive pairs of belts facing each other to tightly trap the controlled product therebetween, thereby allowing the passage of air blown by the nozzles. Allow.

The order in which the product P traverses the chamber 16 is predetermined at the project stage of the regulator 1 and may also be actually different from the order of the above description, without departing from the scope of the invention above. For example, the number of lengths a , b , c , can be different, for example even, so that the inlet part 3 and the outlet part 4 can be mounted at the same end of the machine instead of the opposite end of the machine. May be

In an arrangement of lengths superimposed with the blowing chamber, the machine can move the product along a longer control passage with a smaller longitudinal extension.

Therefore, the machine will appear to be markedly densified with the same length of the control passage, which will entail a notable reduction in labor despite the same amount of processed product.

In addition, thanks to the simultaneous action of high speed air jets on both sides of the product, these latter exhibit a substantial flat horizontal surface and a significant reduction in shrinkage after their treatment.

The regulator will provide a clear and varied flow rate and means for controlling the temperature and humidity of the regulated air, the valves and heaters, and the discharge of water and steam.

In addition, the regulator may be provided with a known central control unit of the electronic system as a digital interface. This central control unit is preferably connected to a suitable sensing means and to said adjusting means for adjusting the flow rate, temperature and humidity of the air contained along the passage.

In addition, in order to reduce energy, the air recirculation device may be provided to be directed back to the control air instead of being discharged to the outside atmosphere.

The present invention is to provide a machine for the control of thin and elastic products, in particular, industrial leather, both sides of the product to prevent the maintenance of moisture inside the effect of achieving the standardized drying, thin and elastic products In order to understand the regulation of the process, the high throughput and the effect are seen, thereby preventing the immobilization as a result of a large amount of product and capital, thereby producing a substantially flat and flawless product. In addition, it is intended to supply a regulator having a property that allows easy elasticity, and has an effect of immediately adjusting process elements according to processing conditions.

Claims (16)

At least one modular control unit (2) having an inlet (3) for the product to be treated and an outer case (5) provided with an outlet (4) for the already processed product (P); Means for advancing the product (P) along the control passage in the longitudinal direction (A) between the inlet (3) and the outlet (4); The advancing means is opposed to the opposite side of the product (P) with respect to the traveling plane (G) to firmly support and move the product along the control passage; Also provided with means for circulating air in the regulating unit 2, The air circulation means comprises two series of nozzles 14, 14 ′ located on the opposite side of the traveling plane G at regular distances spaced vertically relative to each other, The nozzles are provided with respective elongated outlets 15, 15 ′ for blowing air jets on both sides of the product P while simultaneously booming the air jets relative to the traveling plane G, In the conditioner of the elastic thin product such as industrial leather, Each nozzle 14, 14 ′ includes one elongated outlet port 15, 15 ′ extending transversely to the travel direction A, each elongated outlet port 15, 15 ′. ) Has a constant width (M), and extends over the entire width (W) of the adjustment unit (2), The endless members 30, 30 ′; 35, 35 ′ comprise a plurality of adjacent and straight lengths a, b, c which overlap each other vertically and overlap each other to clamp the product, wherein the straight lengths a, b , c ) is connected at one end by an inverted portion 40 to form a sinusoidal passageway, wherein the series of nozzles 14, 14, is regular over both the adjacent and straight lengths a, b, c . Adjuster for elastic thin products, such as industrial leather, characterized in that the product P to be uniformly blown air, while maintaining a flat and uniform shape with a significant decrease in wrinkles delete delete The method of claim 1, The discharge port (15, 15 ') is arranged in a facing relationship, characterized in that each biased in the longitudinal direction. The method of claim 1, The nozzles 14, 14 ′ are concentrated towards the discharge ports 15, 15 ′ and are side walls 20, 21, 20 ′ connected by bottom walls 22, 22 ′ parallel to the traveling plane G. , 21 '), wherein the discharge port (15, 15') is formed in the bottom wall (22, 22 '). delete delete delete delete The method of claim 1, Each regulating unit (2) comprises a blowing chamber (16) for distributing air to one or more nozzles (14, 14 '). The method of claim 1, The endless member further comprises a plurality of pairs of seals (30, 30 '35, 35') arranged opposite to the mounting plane (G). The method of claim 1, And said endless means hold firmly during product (P) progress while allowing passage of air to the product in pairs of endless belts of network facing each other. delete The method of claim 1, The air circulation means comprises at least one first blower 9 for circulating air in the blowing chamber 16, a means for controlling the humidity of the heating means 11 and air, and exhaust air to the blowing chamber 16 And a second discharge blower (12) for withdrawing from). The method of claim 14, The circulation means further comprises means for adjusting and sensing the flow rate, temperature and humidity of the blown air, the central control unit, the sensing and adjusting means for adjusting and sensing the flow rate, temperature and humidity of the blown air A regulator, characterized in that connected to. In turn, a plurality of modular control units (2) assembled to each other in a line, wherein the progress means (30, 30 '; 35, 35') are located in the control unit (2) and discharge with the suction unit (3). Adjuster characterized in that extending between the (4).