KR100345884B1 - Chromate solution capable of inhibiting zinc release from galvanized steel sheet - Google Patents

Chromate solution capable of inhibiting zinc release from galvanized steel sheet Download PDF

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KR100345884B1
KR100345884B1 KR1019970072724A KR19970072724A KR100345884B1 KR 100345884 B1 KR100345884 B1 KR 100345884B1 KR 1019970072724 A KR1019970072724 A KR 1019970072724A KR 19970072724 A KR19970072724 A KR 19970072724A KR 100345884 B1 KR100345884 B1 KR 100345884B1
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chromate
solution
zinc
chromate solution
steel sheet
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KR19990053133A (en
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송연균
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주식회사 포스코
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/05Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
    • C23C22/06Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
    • C23C22/24Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing hexavalent chromium compounds

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Abstract

PURPOSE: Provided is a chromate solution that can control zinc release from galvanized steel sheet by the addition of KCN to conventional chromate solution, thus improve stability of chromate solution. CONSTITUTION: In a chromate treatment solution containing chromium, nitric acid and sulfate for forming chromate layer on galvanized steel sheet, it is characterized in that KCN is added to chromate solution in amount of 1.0 to 5.0g/L so that zinc ion released to chromate solution is adsorbed onto chromate layer in the form of zinc cyanide complex.

Description

아연용출물을 억제하는 반응형 크로메이트 용액Reactive chromate solution to inhibit zinc eluate

본 발명은 아연용출물을 억제하는 반응형 크로메이트 용액에 관한 것으로서, 특히 반응형 크로메이트 용액에 KCN을 첨가하므로서 도금강판 표면의 아연 용출속도를 억제하여 크로메이트 용액의 안정성을 향상시키는 반응형 크로메이트 용액에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a reactive chromate solution for suppressing zinc eluate, and more particularly to a reactive chromate solution for improving the stability of the chromate solution by suppressing the zinc dissolution rate of the surface of the coated steel sheet by adding KCN to the reactive chromate solution. will be.

일반적으로 크로메이트 처리 강판은 전기아연 도금강판 표면에 내식성 확보를 위해 크로메이트 피막처리를 하는데, 이 크로메이트 피막은 용액 및 처리방법에 따라 도포형, 반응형, 및 전해형 크로메이트 피막으로 분류할 수 있으며, 반응형 크로메이트 피막은 우수한 표면외관 확보가 가능함에 따라 철강 메이커에서 가장 널리 사용되는 기술이다. 이와 같은 크로메이트 피막을 형성하는 크로메이트 용액은 크로메이트 반응 피막을 형성하는 주제로서 Cr6+ 가 사용되며, 반응을 촉진시키는 보조제로서 질산, 인산, 황산 등이 사용된다. 이들 각각의 용액 조성은 용액 제조 공급사 및 철강 메이커에서 특허와 노 하우(KNOW-HOW)로 관리해오고 있다.In general, chromate treated steel plates are subjected to chromate coating on the surface of the galvanized steel sheet to ensure corrosion resistance. The chromate coating can be classified into coating, reactive, and electrolytic chromate coatings according to the solution and treatment method. Type chromate coating is the most widely used technology in steel makers because it can secure excellent surface appearance. The chromate solution which forms such a chromate coating is Cr6 + as a subject to form a chromate reaction coating. Nitric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid and the like are used as auxiliary agents for promoting the reaction. Each of these solution compositions has been managed by patent and know-how (KNOW-HOW) from solution manufacturers and steel makers.

대한민국 공개특허 KR9301233 에서는 우수한 표면외관을 갖는 크로메이트 피막용액의 조성을 T-Cr 0.7∼2.2g/L, 질산기 3.0∼8.0g/L, 설페이트 4.0∼14.0g/L으로 개시하고 있으나 상기 용액을 적용할 경우 아연도금강판 표면에서 용출되는 아연량에 관하여서는 언급이 없다. M.E Roper(Trans, I.M.F, 1994, 72(2) p94)는 아연도금 강판을 반응형 크로메이트 용액에 침지시킬 경우 크로메이트 용액의 산화에 의한 아연의 용출반응(Zn→Zn2+ +2C)과 크로메이트 용액의 환원반응(Cr6+→Cr3+)으로 형성되는 Zn-Cr-OH의 비성형 크로메이트 피막이 형성된 것으로 보고하였으며 관련분야에서는 정설로서 인정되고 있다.Korean Patent Publication No. KR9301233 discloses a composition of a chromate coating solution having excellent surface appearance as T-Cr 0.7 to 2.2 g / L, nitric acid 3.0 to 8.0 g / L, and sulfate 4.0 to 14.0 g / L. In this case, there is no mention about the amount of zinc eluted from the surface of the galvanized steel sheet. ME Roper (Trans, IMF, 1994, 72 (2) p94) is a solution of zinc elution (Zn → Zn2 + + 2C) and reduction of chromate solution by oxidation of chromate solution when immersed galvanized steel sheet in reactive chromate solution. An unformed chromate coating of Zn-Cr-OH formed by the reaction (Cr6 + → Cr3 +) has been reported and is recognized in the related art as orthodoxy.

이러한 반응결과로 아연의 산화에 의한 크로메이트 용액 내로의 아연용출을 피할수 없는 것으로 받아들여 지고 있으며, 크로메이트 용액 내에 아연의 농도가 증가할 경우 피막형성 반응이 억제되는 결과가 나타난다. 따라서 메이커등에서는 용출되는 아연을 제거하기 위해서 크로메이트 용액을 방류하고 부족분을 공급하는 방법을 채택하고 있다.As a result of this reaction, it is accepted that zinc elution into the chromate solution by the oxidation of zinc is inevitable, and when the concentration of zinc in the chromate solution is increased, the film forming reaction is suppressed. Therefore, in order to remove the eluted zinc, manufacturers and the like adopt a method of discharging the chromate solution and supplying the shortage.

반응형 크로메이트 용액 방류시 크로메이트 용액의 화학처리에 따른 비용부담과 용액내 축적되는 아연을 충분히 제거할 수 없는 한계가 있다. 표 1에 실제 공장에서 사용되고 있는 T-Cr 1.0∼3.0g/L, 질산기 5.0∼10.0g/L, 설페이트 3.0∼10.0g/L 및 FA 3.0∼10.0g/L 의 용액조건에서 작업시간경과에 따른 용액 내 아연 축적량과 크로메이트 피막의 표면외관 측정결과를 나타내었다. 표 1에서 보여지듯이 작업시간 경과에 따라 용액 내 아연이온의 농도는 19.0g/L 까지 증가하며 표면외관의 백색도는 75에서 68까지 감소한다. 즉 용액 내 축적되는 아연이 크로메이트 피막의 표면외관의 백색도를 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다.When the reactive chromate solution is discharged, there are limitations in the cost of chemical treatment of the chromate solution and the inability to sufficiently remove zinc accumulated in the solution. Table 1 shows the T-Cr 1.0 to 3.0 g / L, nitrate 5.0 to 10.0 g / L, sulfate 3.0 to 10.0 g / L and FA 3.0 to 10.0 g / L used in the actual plant. The accumulation of zinc in the solution and the surface appearance of the chromate coating were shown. As shown in Table 1, the concentration of zinc ions in the solution increases to 19.0 g / L and the surface appearance whiteness decreases from 75 to 68. In other words, zinc accumulated in the solution was found to reduce the whiteness of the surface appearance of the chromate coating.

Figure pat00001
Figure pat00001

따라서 반응형 크로메이트 용액에 축적되는 아연이온의 농도를 억제함으로서 작업시간 경과에 따른 크로메이트 피막의 표면외관이 열위하여지는 것에 대한 개선이 요망된다.Therefore, it is desirable to reduce the concentration of zinc ions accumulated in the reactive chromate solution and to deteriorate the surface appearance of the chromate coating over time.

본 발명의 목적은 이러한 요망을 만족시키고자 하는 것으로서, 아연도금후 침지혹은 스프레이 방법으로 반응형 크로메이트 피막을 생성하는 공정에서 사용되는 반응형 크로메이트 용액에 KCN을 첨가함으로서 용출된 아연이온을 아연시안화물로 전환한 후 다시 크로메이트 피막에 흡착되게 함으로서 반응형 크로메이트 피막의 아연농도 증가를 억제하는 반응형 크로메이트 용액을 제공함으로서 달성된다.An object of the present invention is to satisfy such a requirement. Zinc cyanide is eluted by adding KCN to a reactive chromate solution used in the process of producing a reactive chromate coating by dipping or spraying after galvanizing. It is achieved by providing a reactive chromate solution which inhibits an increase in the zinc concentration of the reactive chromate coating by allowing it to be adsorbed to the chromate coating again after conversion to.

상기의 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명은 크로메이트 피막생성을 위한 주제로서 크롬을 함유하고, 보조제로서 질산과 설페이트를 사용하는 크로메이트 용액으로 아연도금강판에 반응형 크로메이트 피막처리를 하는 용액에 있어서,The present invention for achieving the above object is a chromate solution containing chromium as a subject for the production of chromate film, and using nitric acid and sulfate as an adjuvant in the solution for the reactive chromate coating on galvanized steel sheet,

상기 크로메이트 용액에 아연 용출 억제제로서 KCN을 1.0∼5.0g/L 투입하여 크로메이트 용액으로 용출하는 아연이온을 시안화아연의 착화합물을 형성하도록 하여 크로메이트 피막으로 재흡착시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 아연용출물을 억제하는 반응형 크로메이트 용액을 제공한다.The zinc eluate is suppressed by re-adsorption of zinc ions eluted as chromate solution into the chromate coating by adding 1.0 to 5.0 g / L of KCN as a zinc elution inhibitor to the chromate solution. A reactive chromate solution is provided.

이하, 본 발명에 대하여 상세히 설명한다.EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, this invention is demonstrated in detail.

본 발명은 반응형 크로메이트 용액에 KCN을 1~5g/L 투입함으로서 아연의 용출농도를 5.0g/L이하로 제어하여 작업시간이 경과하여도 표면외관 편차가 발생치 않는 크로메이트 피막을 생성할 수 있다.The present invention can control the elution concentration of zinc to 5.0g / L or less by adding 1 ~ 5g / L KCN to the reactive chromate solution can produce a chromate coating does not occur even if the surface appearance variation .

상기 크로메이트 용액에 아연 용출 억제제로 첨가되는 KCN은 용액 속에서 K+와 CN-으로 해리되며 CN-는 강한 금속이온과의 친화력이 매우 강한 물질로서 용액상태에서 금속착염을 형성한다. 아연은 Zn(CN)4 2-의 형태로 크로메이트 용액속에 존재하게 되고, 이러한 아연시안화물은 에너지 준위가 매우 높고 불안정한 물질로서 에너지 준위가 낮은 상태로 전환하려는 성질을 갖는다. 즉 새로운 화합물을 형성하기가 매우 용이하다.KCN added to the chromate solution as a zinc elution inhibitor is dissociated into K + and CN in the solution, and CN is a material having a strong affinity with strong metal ions to form a metal complex salt in solution. Zinc is present in the chromate solution in the form of Zn (CN) 4 2- , and this zinc cyanide is an unstable substance having a very high energy level and has a property of converting to a low energy level. That is, it is very easy to form new compounds.

본 발명은 아연시안화물의 이러한 성질을 이용한 것으로서 반응형 크로메이트 용액에 KCN을 투입할 경우 반응형 크로메이트 용액 내 용출된 아연이온과의 착화합물을 형성하고, 형성된 아연시안화물이 다시 크로메이트 피막에 흡착하는 반응을 진행하므로서 용액내 축적되는 아연농도를 제어할 수 있는 것이다.The present invention utilizes this property of zinc cyanide, and when KCN is added to the reactive chromate solution, it forms a complex with zinc ions eluted in the reactive chromate solution, and the zinc cyanide is adsorbed to the chromate film again. By proceeding to control the zinc concentration accumulated in the solution.

이하, 실시 예를 통하여 본 발명을 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail through examples.

아연 부착량이 20g/m2인 전기아연 도금강판을 300 ×300mm크기로 절단하여상용화된 T-Cr 1.0∼3.0g/L, 질산기 5.0∼10.0g/L, 설페이트 3.0∼10.0g/L 및 FA 3.0∼10.0의 반응형 크로메이트 용액으로 처리온도 40℃, 처리시간 40초의 조건에서 침지하여 크로메이트 피막을 형성하였다. 로봇트 팔을 이용하여 아연도금강판이 연속적으로 반응형 크로메이트 용액에 침지되도록 실험하였다. 침지처리하는 동안 크로메이트 용액내의 T-Cr농도를 CrO3를 투입하여 2.0∼3.9g/L 일정하게 유지되도록 하였다. 표 2에 KCN이 첨가되지 않은 조건에서 전기아연도금 강판을 반응형 크로메이트 용액에 연속적으로 침치시킨 표면외관의 결과를 나타내었다.The zinc coating weight commercialized by cutting a 20g / m 2 of electro-galvanized steel sheet as 300 × 300mm size T-Cr 1.0~3.0g / L, nitric acid group 5.0~10.0g / L, sulfate 3.0~10.0g / L and FA It was immersed in the reaction type chromate solution of 3.0-10.0 on 40 degreeC of treatment temperature, and 40 second of treatment time, and the chromate film was formed. The galvanized steel sheet was continuously immersed in the reactive chromate solution using the robotic arm. During the immersion treatment, the concentration of T-Cr in the chromate solution was added to CrO 3 to maintain a constant 2.0 to 3.9 g / L. Table 2 shows the results of the surface appearance of the electro-galvanized steel sheet continuously immersed in the reactive chromate solution in the absence of KCN.

Figure pat00002
Figure pat00002

상기 표 2에서 보여지는 바와 같이, 시편 처리수가 증가할수록 크로메이트 용액내 아연이온 농도는 증가하며 크로메이트 피막의 백색도는 75에서 63으로 감소하며 황색도는 -3.2에서 1.5로 증가한다. 이러한 원인으로는 상기에서 설명한 바와 같이 아연이온 용출에 의해 크로메이트 반응형성이 억제되는 것을 판단된다.As shown in Table 2, as the number of specimens increases, the zinc ion concentration in the chromate solution increases, and the whiteness of the chromate film decreases from 75 to 63 and the yellowness increases from -3.2 to 1.5. As described above, it is judged that chromate reaction formation is suppressed by elution of zinc ions as described above.

상기 반응형 크로메이트와 동일한 용액에 KCN을 첨가제로 투입하여 실험한 결과를 표 3에 나타내었다.Table 3 shows the results of experiments by adding KCN as an additive to the same solution as the reactive chromate.

Figure pat00003
Figure pat00003

비교예 2에서와 같이 KCN이 0.5g/L 첨가될 경우 처리시편이 증감함에 따라 백색도는 75에서 67로 감소하여 작업시간에 따른 색상편자가 유발됨을 알수 있다. 반면 발명예1과 같이 KCN이 1.0g/L 첨가된 경우 시편을 500개 까지 처리하더라도 용액내의 아연의 농도는 6.51g/L로 비교예 2 대비 현저히 감소하였으며, 백색도 측정결과도 73에서 72로 나타나 작업경과에 따른 표면외관 편차가 없는 것을 알수 있다.As shown in Comparative Example 2, when 0.5 g / L of KCN is added, the whiteness decreases from 75 to 67 as the treated specimen increases or decreases, causing color deflection according to the working time. On the other hand, when 1.0 g / L of KCN was added as in Inventive Example 1, the concentration of zinc in the solution was 6.51 g / L, which was significantly reduced compared to Comparative Example 2 even when the specimens were treated up to 500. It can be seen that there is no surface appearance deviation according to the work progress.

이러한 원인으로는 상기에서 설명한 바와 같이 아연시안화착화화합물 형성하여 반응형 크로메이트 용액 내 아연 농도를 억제하기 때문이며, 이와 같이 크로메이트 용액 내 아연 농도를 억제하기 위해서는 KCN이 최소 1.0g/L이상이 투입되어야 함을 알수 있다.This is because the zinc cyanide complex compound is formed as described above to suppress the zinc concentration in the reactive chromate solution. Thus, in order to suppress the zinc concentration in the chromate solution, at least 1.0 g / L of KCN should be added. You can see.

발명예 2, 3 및 4에서 보여지듯이 KCN의 농도가 증가할수록 크로메이트 용액 내에 용출되는 아연의 농도는 감소하는 경향을 나타내며, 5.0g/L 이상 투입되면 아연의 농도는 더 이상 감소하지 않고 3.0g/L 이하로 포화되는 경향을 나타낸다.As shown in Inventive Examples 2, 3 and 4, as the concentration of KCN increases, the concentration of zinc eluted in the chromate solution tends to decrease, and when 5.0 g / L or more is added, the concentration of zinc does not decrease any more and 3.0 g / L. The tendency to saturate below L is shown.

이러한 결과로부터 반응형 크로메이트 용액 내에서 아연시안화 착화합물 형성시 적정 KCN 농도범위가 존재하는 것을 알수 있으며, KCN농도는 5.0g/L 이상에서는 평형상태에 도달하여 더 이상 아연이온의 농도가 6.5g/L이하로 관리될 경우 작업시간 경과에 따라 크로메이트 피막의 백색도 편차없이 안정적으로 관리되는 것을 알수 있으며 바람직하게는 KCN이 1.0∼5.0g/L로 관리하는 것이 최적의 조건이다.From these results, it can be seen that there is an appropriate KCN concentration range in the formation of zinc cyanide complexes in the reactive chromate solution.The KCN concentration reaches equilibrium above 5.0 g / L, and the concentration of zinc ions is no longer 6.5g / L. If it is managed below, it can be seen that the white color of the chromate film is stably managed as the working time elapses. Preferably, the optimum condition is KCN managed at 1.0 to 5.0 g / L.

상기의 결과를 종합하면 반응형 크로메이트 용액에 KCN을 1.0∼5.0g/L 투입할 경우 크로메이트 용액으로 용출하는 아연이온은 시안화아연의 착화합물을 형성하여 크로메이트 피막으로 재흡착됨으로서 아연이온의 용출량을 억제함으로서 작업시간이 경과하더라도 아연 이온의 농도가 6.5 g/L이하에서 관리됨으로서 작업시간 경과에 따른 표면외관 편차가 없는 우수한 크로메이트 피막제조가 가능한 우수한 효과가 있다.In summary, when 1.0-5.0 g / L of KCN is added to the reactive chromate solution, the zinc ions eluted with the chromate solution form zinc cyanide complexes and are resorbed to the chromate film to suppress the zinc ion elution. Even if the working time passes, the zinc ion concentration is controlled at 6.5 g / L or less, so that excellent chromate coating can be produced without variation in the appearance of the surface over time.

Claims (1)

크로메이트 피막생성을 위한 주제로서 크롬을 함유하고, 보조제로서 질산과 설페이트를 사용하는 크로메이트 용액으로 아연도금강판에 반응형 크로메이트 피막처리를 하는 용액에 있어서, 상기 크로메이트 용액에 아연 용출 억제제로서 KCN을 1.0~5.0g/L 투입하여 크로메이트 용액으로 용출하는 아연이온을 시안화아연의 착화합물을 형성하도록 하여 크로메이트 피막으로 재흡착시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 아연용출물을 억제하는 반응형 크로메이트 용액.A chromate solution containing chromium as a subject for the production of chromate film and using nitric acid and sulfate as an adjuvant, wherein the chromate coating is subjected to reactive chromate coating on a galvanized steel sheet. A reaction chromate solution for inhibiting a zinc eluate, wherein zinc ions eluted with 5.0 g / L to form a complex compound of zinc cyanide are resorbed to the chromate coating.
KR1019970072724A 1997-12-23 1997-12-23 Chromate solution capable of inhibiting zinc release from galvanized steel sheet KR100345884B1 (en)

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