KR100344360B1 - High Efficiency Contact Oxidation and Its Flood Blocking Device in River Natural Purification Facilities - Google Patents

Abstract

[assignment]

The present invention provides a technology that purifies polluted river water more effectively in a shorter time than the conventional technology, and facilitates sludge removal and flood blocking.

[Resolution]

The present invention relates to a river natural purification method for water quality purification of streams contaminated with domestic sewage and sewage and wastewater, wherein a certain amount of contaminated river water in a river natural purification facility is disposed of solids having large particles on the screen (1) of the inlet. Removes sand and suspended solids having a specific gravity of 2.65 or more from the immersion tank 3, distributes the flow rate in the flow distribution tank 4, enters the contact reaction tank 5, contacts the contact material 8, and contacts the surface of the contact material. Inoculating and predominantly inoculating and inoculating a variety of microorganisms that adhere to and propagate, such as BOD oxidizing microorganisms, nitrification and denitrification microorganisms, poly-phosphorus microorganisms, and Bacillus sp. BOD removal, nitrification and denitrification in a short time of 1 to 2 hours by adjusting the contact material 8 deposited in the stage reaction reactor 5 to maintain the contact area BOD load at 2 to 5 g / m 2 · day. Oxidation According to this method of performing the dephosphorization process simultaneously or sequentially, and finally discharging through the discharge port, the pollutant load of the stream can be effectively reduced.

Description

High Efficiency Contact Oxidation Process and Flood Protection Device in River Natural Purification Facilities

[Industrial use]

The present invention is a method of preserving contaminated river water as a method for preserving the original state of the degraded or poor state of the river, which is supposed to have its own capacity beyond the self-cleaning capacity of the stream itself due to the inflow of sewage and wastewater. It is to improve river function by removing pollutants in a simple and economic way, and to contribute to the conservation of water quality for the purpose of reducing organic matter in river water, improving riverbed, improving turbidity, and reducing odor.

The present invention relates to a technology for the purification and treatment of flowing water as a biological treatment method using a contact material for the contaminated river water flowing through the river. More specifically, the contaminated river water quality purification using the microorganisms attached to the contact material using the contact material. It is about.

[Prior art]

In the conventional river purification method, Korean Patent No. 161767 and Patent No. 161768 are water purification methods using waste concrete or waste tire as a contact material, and Korean Patent Publication No. 00-0072174 is a container for microbial carrier or zeolite carrier. The method of removing organic contaminants from microorganisms in a carrier by installing in a waterway and inflowing a river water, and the Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 99-024173, binds a rope-type contact material by fixing a bar on both bottoms of the stream, The method is to purify river water according to the microorganisms attached to the contact material. In Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-38676, a fibrous contact material in the form of a rope is fixed to the bottom of the river at a predetermined interval, and the upper end of the fiber contact material is fixed. It is a method to float a buoyant body on the surface of the water to attach microorganisms to the fibrous contact material and to remove organic pollutants according to the microorganisms. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 5-192639, 9-141280 and 9-66290. In addition, as a contact material inside a box made of a metal mesh or perforated, Yakult engineers, charcoal, zeolites, plastic media, etc. It is a method of purifying contaminants from microorganisms propagated in contact material by installing contaminated river water in the bottom or waterway and flowing in contaminated water, and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-318106, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-253674, 9-47770 and the like have a method of installing a contact material in the bottom of the river or a waterway and forcibly blowing air in the lower part of the contact material to multiply aerobic microorganisms to remove contaminants.

In the conventional method, the surface area of the contact material is not large, internal clogging occurs at the front end of the inlet, and BOD, COD, SS, TN, TP, etc. are contacted with the propagated microorganisms attached to the carrier or the contact material. It was difficult to simultaneously remove the reactor in a short time, and it was difficult to withdraw the sludge removed from the contact material, resulting in deterioration of the treated water quality due to anaerobic sludge, or loss of sediment inflow during the heavy rain, which resulted in extremely low treatment efficiency.

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of the conventional river natural purification method, which is a technology that adds advanced and novelty, and inoculates new microorganisms into a device and a contact reaction tank that exhibit advanced functions in each treatment process. By activating drips, this microorganism continuously exerts its unique biological purification function in a short time, saving running cost by reducing processing time, system simplification and unmanned automation, and contaminating BOD, COD, SS, TN, TP, etc. The material can be stably processed and recycled into agricultural industrial water, as well as providing a method of reducing water pollution in rivers.

1 is a process flowchart conceptually showing a stream natural purification process according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view showing a channel-type purification method, a horizontal flow purification method, and an upflow purification method in an inflow method of a contact reactor according to Example 1 of the present invention.

3 and 4 is a graph showing the BOD concentration change and BOD removal rate when treating the river water by Example 1 of the present invention.

5 and 6 is a graph showing the total nitrogen concentration change and the total nitrogen removal rate when treating the river water by Example 1 of the present invention.

7 and 8 are graphs showing changes in total phosphorus concentration and total phosphorus removal rate when treating river water by Example 1 of the present invention.

<Description of the code | symbol about the principal part of drawing>

1: Screen 2: Inflow Flood Blocker

3: sedimentation tank 4: flow distribution tank

5. Contact Reaction Tank 6: Outflow Flood Blocker

7: sludge concentrate storage tank 8: contact material

101: DO Controller 102: pH Controller

103: measuring device 104: control device

105: brower 106: diffuser

107: sludge collecting device 108: sludge pump

109: TWL, BWL

[Means for solving the problem]

In the present invention to achieve the above object, the technical idea in the method for purifying the river water by using a reaction vessel can be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 is a process flow diagram conceptually illustrating a stream natural purification process according to the embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a channel purification method in the inflow method of the contact reaction tank according to the embodiment 1 of the present invention, horizontally. 3 and 4 are graphs showing changes in BOD concentration and BOD removal rate when treating stream water according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 5 and 6. Is a graph showing the total nitrogen concentration change and total nitrogen removal rate when treating the river water according to Example 1 of the present invention, [Fig. 7, 8] is a change in the total phosphorus concentration when treating the river water according to Example 1 of the present invention And and graph showing the total phosphorus removal rate. In order to achieve the above object, the solid particles contained in the introduced river water are removed from the screen 1, and the sedimentation tank 3 is a symbol water in which sedimentary sediment, such as soil and sand, is precipitated and separated. Evenly distributed in (4) and flowing into the contact reaction tank (5) while maintaining the contact area BOD load of 2 ~ 5g / ㎡ · day, and the ability to remove BOD, COD, SS, TN, TP, etc. of contaminated river water Microorganisms producing oxidizing microorganisms, nitrifying microorganisms, denitrifying microorganisms, poly-P microorganisms, and biopolymer coagulants are included in the superior gene recombination strains Bacillus khr-10mx and complex strain khr-5-mx. Inoculation, measuring apparatus 103 including DO controller 101, pH controller 102, TWL (Top Water Level) 109, BWL (Bottom Water Level) 109, etc., in contact reactors arranged in parallel. And outputs an analog / digital conversion device (A / D) conversion signal corresponding to the detected values of the sensors. And a microprocess control device 104 which calculates and maintains the detection values of the sensors to respective preset values according to a digital signal applied from the interface under the control of an interface and a microprocessor. By controlling the dissolved oxygen amount by 1 to 2 hours, BOD removal by oxidizing microorganisms, nitrification by nitrifying microorganisms, and phosphorus removal process by B. microorganisms of Bacillus for producing poly-phosphorus and biopolymer coagulant simultaneously or sequentially To do it. Thereafter, a method for treating river water is provided, wherein the treated water is discharged to reduce river pollution.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

The flow chart of the treatment of the river water according to this invention is shown in FIG. Specifically, the stream water introduced through the intake pipe from the intake dam is introduced into the screen (1) to remove solid contaminants, and the sedimentation tank (3) sedimentable substances (1.0 mm or more, specific gravity 2.65) are separated from the sedimentation tank (3). This prevents sand wear and deposits in the tank. Subsequently, the supernatant is introduced into the flow rate distribution tank 4 to be evenly distributed to the contact reaction tank 5, and oxidatively decomposed by a biomass present in the contact material 8 of the contact reaction tank to remove BOD, nitrify and denitrify. And dephosphorization processes are carried out simultaneously or sequentially. Subsequently, the sludge generated in the contact reaction tank 5 is taken out by the sludge collecting device 107 and concentrated in the sludge concentration storage tank 7 to be discharged during heavy rain or transported to a sewage treatment plant.

Nitrogen and phosphorus removal method of the river according to the present invention can be described in more detail divided into BOD removal process, nitriding and denitrification process, dephosphorization process and the like.

● BOD removal process

2 shows a contact reaction tank 5 according to the present invention, and the stream water introduced into the contact reaction tank 5 through a pretreatment step is contacted with the contact material 8 for a predetermined time. The contact material 8 of the contact reaction tank 5 is installed at the bottom of the channel at regular intervals, and the inflow of the influent is desired by maximizing the contact area, and the oxygen supply caused by the aeration and the contaminated river water are stirred down.

In the biological treatment of the contact reaction tank 5 according to the present invention, the microorganisms oxidize some of the contaminating organic substances in sewage into CO ₂ and H ₂ O using oxygen, and some of them are used for their cellular synthesis. Reduces BOD, COD In addition, when the amount of organic matter in the sewage is less, the oxidizing bacteria decompose their own cytoplasm to obtain energy. The mechanism is expressed as follows;

1) Oxidative Decomposition of Organics

2) formation of cytoplasm

3) oxidation of the cytoplasm

The present invention is directed to bacteria (Amoeba, Paramecium, Opercularia) centered on a group of organisms (eg, poly-phosphorus microorganisms, flocculant-producing microorganisms, nitrifying microorganisms, denitrifying microorganisms, etc.) that are naturally or artificially attached and propagated to the contact material 8. Protozoans, diatoms, salt algae, and the like, characterized in that it leads to the reduction of the nitrification, denitrification, dephosphorization and sludge generation by the animal and extensive plant chain.

Thus, these biomes can be an important indicator of operational control, and the relationship between loads and biographies can be obtained from indicator biota.

① Biohazard at proper load

Protozoa (Opecularia, Epistylis) and the like predominantly occur, and many worms (philodina), nematodes (Rhabdolaimus), chaetogaster and bacteria (Zooglea ramigera) also appear.

② Biological situation at high load

Beggiatoa, Zooglea ramigera predominantly occur, and Paramecium, candatum, Colpidium, Bodo, Cercobodo, Oikomonas, etc. The color of the biome is black or black grey.

③ Biologics at low load

Euglyha, Arcella, etc. are dominant and biofilm is brown.

Nitrogen removal process

1. Nitrification

In the present invention, when the BOD concentration is 20 ppm or less, nitrification proceeds rapidly in the contact material 8 of the contact reaction tank. This is because, when the BOD is low, the nitrifying bacteria, which are self-nourishing bacteria, become dominant species among the microbial groups that adhere to and proliferate on the contact material surface.

Under aerobic conditions, ammonia nitrogen in sewage is oxidized to nitrite nitrogen by nitrite bacteria (e.g., Nitrosomonas, Nitrosococcus, etc.) and nitrite nitrogen is nitrate bacteria (Nitrobacter, etc.). The nitrification step is followed by nitriding. The mechanism of nitrification is carried out in the following two steps;

The comprehensive oxidation of ammonia by this two-step mechanism is explained by the following mechanism;

Nitrifying microorganisms are self-sustaining microorganisms that reduce and multiply CO ₂ using "energy" obtained by oxidation of NH ₄ ⁺ or NO ₂ ^- without requiring organic matter for growth.

In the nitrification process, alkali is also destroyed by oxidation of ammonia, producing carbon dioxide gas (H ₂ CO _{3 in} water), and 7.14 mg of alkali is consumed per 1 mg of ammonia nitrogen. Nitrifying 1 kg of nitrite requires 1.14 kg of oxygen. The cell proliferation reaction is represented by the following mechanism: 0.1 kg kg of nitrozomonas is synthesized when 1 kg of NH ₄ ⁺ is oxidized, and 0.02 kg nitrobacter is synthesized when 1 kg of NO ₂ ⁻ is oxidized;

Cell growth rate of these nitrifying microorganisms is significantly less than the growth rate of the oxidizing microorganisms (0.5 ~ 0.7), so that the nitrification strains contained in the complex strain khr-5-mx of Table 1 according to the complete inoculation method 1 to 2 weeks 1 Days 7 to 7 days inoculated 3ppm per stream water in the contact material surface or contact reaction tank, and 7 days to 14 days 2ppm per river water is completed inoculation. Thereafter, depending on the activation of microorganisms, it can be inoculated by a certain amount or periodically or by observing the contact surface from time to time.

Dominant microorganisms for nitrification are shown in [Table 1].

2. Denitrification

In the contact reaction tank (5), the raw water is repeatedly subjected to an aerobic process and an oxygen-free process according to the air-on / off time schedule, and well oxidized, denitrified, and dephosphorized. When the contact reaction tank 5 according to the present invention is installed on the ground, the contact material 8 in the contact reaction tank 5 is 100% deposited in the river water so that the buoyancy plastic having a diameter of 7 to 15 cm over about 95% of the upper tidal surface. By blocking the sun with a ball or a bag of resin or the warming of the jaw, it is possible to prevent intrusion and algae on the contact.

According to the present invention, in the contact reaction tank (5), denitrifying bacteria (Pesudomonas, etc.) which attach and multiply nitrite nitrogen or nitrate nitrogen generated under the contact material 8 under anoxic conditions to the contact material 8 Reduced to nitrogen gas by action, and the mechanism of this reaction is as follows;

Denitrifying bacteria such as Pseudomonas are heterotrophic bacteria that require an organic carbon source for growth, and are anaerobic microorganisms that breathe oxygen under aerobic conditions and use oxygen in NO ₃ molecules under anaerobic conditions. The carbon source required here uses its own C-BOD source and internal carbon source by self-oxidation, and completes the denitrification microorganism of [Table 2] necessary for the denitrification process according to the water quality of river water with high nitrogen inflow. Inoculate to 3ppm to 2ppm per stream of river water according to the inoculation method.

Dominant species microorganisms for denitrification are shown in Table 2.

● Phosphorus Removal Process

Before in the municipal sewage (TP) and the average concentration is 0.6ppm, climb the open acid _{^{(PO 4 -3, HPO 4 -2}} , HPO 4 -) and polyphosphoric acid, etc. The organic compound combined with tripolyphosphate, metaphosphoric acid, and the like hacky In the form of organophosphate, is present in a lot of river water.

As a result of experiments on how the form of phosphorus changes by biological treatment, it was found that 90% of total phosphorus (TP) is changed to ort phosphate. Can be.

According to the biological phosphorus removal process of the present invention, in the contact material of the contact reaction vessel (6) 3ppm per sewage of the microorganism of poly-P (Ply-P) microorganism [Table 3] 1 ~ 2 weeks according to the complete inoculation method The inoculation is completed in the contact material 8 or the contact reaction tank 5. Since activated poly-phosphorus microorganisms, organic matter (S-BOD) is changed to short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and SCFA is transported into the cell at the anaerobic membrane of the contact material. Polyphosphate in the cell is released by transforming it into Orthophosphate.

Phosphorus release: Anaerobic condition Poly-P + VFA → PHB + PO ₄ ^3-

At this time, SCFA is changed to PHB (Poly-β-Hydroxybutyrate) is accumulated.

Phosphorus removal is achieved by re-scaling phosphorus with polyphosphate at the microbial membrane exhalation, oxidizing PHB to proliferate (excessive intake of phosphorus under aerobic conditions) and disposing excess sludge that has grown (overingestion and degradation of phosphorus).

Intake: Aerobic PHB + PO → Poly-P + H ₂ O + CO ₂

Dominant poly-phosphorus microorganisms used for phosphorus removal are shown in Table 3 below.

According to the present invention, by inoculating and activating the microorganism containing the new strain Bacillus to produce a biopolymer flocculant in the contact reaction tank according to the inoculation method, the phosphorus compound is adsorbed to the flocculant produced and the suspension adsorption of the disc is improved. It is possible to further increase the removal rate of the remaining phosphorus compound removed by the phosphorus microorganism.

Hereinafter, the features of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples.

Example 1

The following presents a preferred embodiment to aid in understanding this invention. However, the following examples are provided only to more easily understand the present invention, and are not limited to the following examples of the present invention, which will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

The river natural purification process as shown in [1] treated the river water using a new strain of microbial microorganisms excellent in biological BOD removal, denitrification and dephosphorization. The river water treatment results are shown in [Fig. 3, 4] to [Fig. 5, 6] [Fig. 7, 8].

The actual contaminated river water having the properties shown in Table 2 was carried out in a Lab and Pilot Scale Plant experimental apparatus in the process shown in FIG. The experimental apparatus was manufactured in the same manner as the treatment process and system shown in FIG. 1, and the media (media) was filled into the channel by dividing it into a horizontal flow type, an upflow type and a channel type, and nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in each channel. At the same time, the method and the microorganisms were applied to the site.

In order to establish the operating conditions to maximize the treatment efficiency, the optimum operating conditions are established by measuring and observing the operating control factors such as inflow water quality, residence time, DO, pH, temperature, and BOD, COD, SS, TN, TP and turbidity. We measured and analyzed the treatment efficiency to remove chromaticity simultaneously.

In addition, as an experiment on unmanned automation, a collector 105 and a sludge collection system are controlled by a control device 104 by a measuring device 103 such as DO, pH, TWL, BWL, etc. of a contact reactor using a PLC (Programmable Logic Comtroller) control system. The apparatus 107, the flood blockers 2 and 6, etc. were automatically controlled.

The characteristics of river water used in Pilot Scale Plant experiment are as follows.

The mean inflow concentrations of DO, BOD, COD, SS, TN, and TP in river water were 2.6 mg / l, 21.7 mg / l, 48.5 mg / l, 27.6 mg / l, 13.3 mg / l, 1.20 mg / l, and turbidity, respectively. And chromaticity concentration is 11.5 NTU, 17.5 degree. Constant residence time was controlled at 1.5-2.0 hrs, and aeration was carried out continuously. Therefore, the sludge amount deposited during the system conversion was quantified. In this experiment, it is noteworthy to derive the water balance of inflow and outflow water according to residence time, phase relationship between inflow and outflow water quality, correlation between residence time and removal rate, and mass balance based on sludge deposition in the tank. As follows.

Stage 1 (Screen and inflow flood blocker) The pilot plant's raw water inflow facility is installed with a small tree and a small-wood screen (1) to remove solid contaminants, such as vinyl and fallen leaves, which are included in the stream water flowing from the intake dam. It flowed into natural flow type and installed flood blocker (2) to block the inflow of Storm Flow.

In order to detect the inflow of poison or specific pollutants, the pH controller 102 and the flood blockers 2 and 6 interlocked the influent immediately to prevent microbial death.

Step 2 (Sedimentation Tank and Flow Distribution Tank) Precipitable materials such as sand, soil (1.0mm or more, specific gravity 2.65) and non-corrosive inorganic matter contained in the influent are precipitated and removed from the sedimentation tank (3). This is a pretreatment device for preventing sedimentation in the tank, damage to pumps, machinery, and closing of the pipeline, and the flow rate distribution tank 4 is a treatment facility for evenly distributing raw water to the contact reaction tank 5.

Step 4 (Contact Reaction Tank) The filling ratio is defined as the ratio of the capacity of the filling portion of the contacting material 8 to the effective capacity of the contacting reaction tank 5 as the filling rate. In consideration of the calculation, the shape of the contact material, the piping in the tank, the position of the diffuser 106, the sludge collecting device 107, and the like, 55% or more was filled. Honeycomb type contact material with large surface area and easy microorganism attachment and detachment was used, where planned quantity: 50㎥ / d, residence time: 120min, tank flow rate: 0.3m / sec, BOD area load : Required surface area of contact material at 3g / m² · d: 23ppm × 50㎥ / d ÷ 3g / ㎡ · d = 383㎡, residence time: 4.2㎥ ÷ 50㎥ × 24hr = 2.0hr, aeration on / off is 25 Repeated or continuous operation was performed at intervals of ˜60 min.

BOD oxide microorganisms included in Bacillus khr-10-mx (Genetic Bank Accession No. KCTC 8533P) and complex strain khr-5-mx (Genetic Bank Accession No. KCTC 0078BP) with excellent removal ability (Bacillus sp, Zoothamnium sp, Colpada sp, etc.), Nitrifying microorganisms (Monas sp, Lepadella sp, Epistylis sp, etc.), Denitrification microorganisms (Boda sp, Vorticella ssp, Amoeba sp, etc.) Poly-P microorganisms ( Pseudomonas sp, Acinetobacter sp, Bacillus sp, etc.) Inoculate microorganisms producing biopolymer flocculants. The inoculation schedule was completed for 2 weeks in total, river water inflow and low volume in the range of 3 ~ 5ppm / ㎥ · day from 1st to 7th and 1 ~ 2ppm / ㎥ · day from 7th to 14th, and during the winter season and summer A certain amount was added and replenished.

The contact reaction tank of the present embodiment is divided into 1, 2, and 3 reaction tanks, and the inflow method is respectively introduced into the horizontal flow type, the upflow type, the water channel type, etc. shown in FIG. 2, and the operation is performed by one operation method. ). Herein, the examples are provided only to more easily understand the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the examples of 1, 2, 3 reactors, contact materials, and aeration time (air-on / off).

According to the river water treatment method of the present invention, the water quality of the treated water obtained by withdrawing 50 mW of river water flowing downstream of Daejeon suburb is shown in Table 2 below.

By removing BOD, COD, SS, TN, TP, etc. in the river water by the treatment method according to the present invention, the external turbidity, chromaticity and stream odor improvement of rivers, as well as the removal of organic matters such as deposits, sediments, etc. The restoration of polluted rivers serves as a resting place for citizens and provides the effect of protecting water resources.

Claims (5)

In the high efficiency contact oxidation method and the flood protection device according to the river natural purification facility, Screen (1), sedimentation tank (3), flow rate distribution tank (4), contact reaction tank (5), sludge concentration storage tank (7), sludge collection device (107), inflow flood control A device (2) and an outflow flood blocker (6), wherein the inflow, precipitation, bioreaction, and discharge steps are carried out in succession, and the contact material (8) of the contact reactor (5) has a BOD area load. Is maintained at 2 to 3 g / m 2 · day, DO concentration is maintained at 3 to 6 mg / l, and the organic microorganisms oxidized, nitrified and denitrified in the new strain Bacillus khr-10-mx and the complex strain khr-5-mx Inoculating predominantly inoculates microorganisms, poly-P microorganisms, and microorganisms producing biopolymer flocculants, and measures the DO Controller 101, pH Controller 102, TWL, BWL 109, etc. ) And a control device 104 for controlling according to the detected value, from which the blower 105, the sludge pump 108, the flood blocker (2, 6), the sludge The high efficiency contact oxidation method and flood control device according to the natural stream purification facility, characterized in that to remove the organic pollutants, nitrogen, phosphorus physically and biologically by automatic control of the index collection device (107) and the like unattended. The method of claim 1, It consists of a measuring device including DO controller, pH controller, TWL, BWL, etc. and a PLC control device to control according to the detected value, and automatically adjusts the blower, sludge collection device, flood blocker, sludge pump, etc. according to the control device. Controlling; Blocking the inflow of the river water by interlocking with the flood blocker according to the water level setting values of the TWL and the BWL at the time of the flood; Detecting toxic substances in the river water and interlocking the inflow water with the flood blocker; In the unmanned automatic control system, if the administrator does not stay in the field and any problem occurs during operation during operation, the automatic alarm system operates immediately and sends an alarm to the host computer and the inputted mobile phone number. Automatic response system, characterized in that the immediate response. The method of claim 1, By activating the cytoplasm synthesis and cytoplasm self-oxidation process in the contact reaction tank, a small amount of sludge produced is taken out, concentrated and stored in the sludge collection device and discharged once or twice a year or automatically discharged during flooding. Way. The method of claim 1, The contact materials used are filled with contact reactors by filling and fixing contact materials of various shapes, such as gravel or crushed stone, microbial fixation carrier, plastic, and ciliary phase, selectively according to the inflow water quality and quantity. The method of claim 1, According to the inlet water quality of the reaction tank, the method characterized in that the inflow method selectively inflow, horizontal path, waterway type, etc. according to the quantity