KR100340645B1 - A method of explosive cladding high Cr ferritic stainless steel - Google Patents

A method of explosive cladding high Cr ferritic stainless steel Download PDF

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KR100340645B1
KR100340645B1 KR1019970068577A KR19970068577A KR100340645B1 KR 100340645 B1 KR100340645 B1 KR 100340645B1 KR 1019970068577 A KR1019970068577 A KR 1019970068577A KR 19970068577 A KR19970068577 A KR 19970068577A KR 100340645 B1 KR100340645 B1 KR 100340645B1
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steel pipe
stainless steel
pipe
ferritic stainless
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KR1019970068577A
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KR19990049606A (en
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김희산
니콜라스 제이. 이 도울링
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이구택
주식회사 포스코
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/06Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating by means of high energy impulses, e.g. magnetic energy
    • B23K20/08Explosive welding
    • B23K20/085Explosive welding for tubes, e.g. plugging
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/04Tubular or hollow articles
    • B23K2101/06Tubes

Abstract

PURPOSE: An explosive cladding method for securing toughness of high chromium ferritic stainless steel having superior corrosion resistance is provided. CONSTITUTION: In an explosive cladding method in which a union pipe is instantaneously bonded with the matrix pipe by energy generated during collision between compressed air and the union pipe by colliding compressed air with the inner surface of the union pipe after inserting a matrix pipe into which the union pipe is inserted into the inner side of a cylindrical support means(3) one side of which is sealed, the method for manufacturing high chromium ferritic composite having superior toughness and corrosion resistance is characterized in that the carbon steel pipe is explosive cladded with the high chromium ferritic stainless steel pipe(2) by colliding compressed air onto the stainless steel pipe at a pressure of 500 MPa or more after inserting a high chromium ferritic stainless steel pipe having thickness corresponding to 1/2 or less of thickness of the carbon steel pipe and outer diameter corresponding to 0.96 times or more of inner diameter of the carbon steel pipe and comprising 26 to 35 wt.% of Cr, 3 to 6 wt.% of Mo, 0.03 wt.% or less of C and 0.03 wt.% or less of N into the inner part of a carbon steel pipe(1) comprising 0.17 wt.% or less of C and having thickness of 10 mm or less that is at the inner side of the cylindrical support means.

Description

고크롬 페라이트계 스테인레스강의 폭발접합방법{A method of explosive cladding high Cr ferritic stainless steel}Explosion bonding method of high chromium ferritic stainless steel {A method of explosive cladding high Cr ferritic stainless steel}

본 발명은 내식성이 우수한 고 크롬 페라이트계 스테인레스강의 인성을 확보하기 위한 방법에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 내식성이 우수한 고 크롬 페라이트계 스테인레스강과 인성이 우수한 탄소강을 폭발용접하는 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for securing the toughness of high chromium ferritic stainless steel excellent in corrosion resistance, and more particularly, to a method of explosion welding welding high chromium ferritic stainless steel and excellent carbon steel excellent in corrosion resistance.

고 크롬페라이트계 스테인레스강은 해수열교환기관, 건축외장재로 사용되고 있으며, Cr 및 Mo함량이 유사한 오스테나이트 스테인레스강 또는 이상 스테인레스강에 비해 내식성이 우수하다. 그런데, 고 크롬 페라이트계 스테인레스강은 우수한 내식성에도 불구하고, 인성이 취약하여 그 사용이 범위가 확대되지 못하고 있는 실정이다.High chromium ferritic stainless steel is used as a seawater heat exchanger and building exterior material, and has better corrosion resistance than austenitic stainless steel or abnormal stainless steel with similar Cr and Mo contents. However, the high chromium ferritic stainless steel, despite its excellent corrosion resistance, is poor in toughness and its use is not expanded.

고 크롬 페라이트계 스테인레스강은 특히, Cr이 20중량%이상의 경우 도 1a에 도시된 바와 같이, 인성의 취약성은 현저하다. 이외에도 Mo, C, N 및 안정화원소가 다량함유되는 경우 인성이 취약성은 더욱 심해진다. C, N의 농도는 강의 제강공정에서 정련기술에 좌우되는데, 현재 생산되고 있는 고 크롬 페라이트계 스테인레스강의 경우 C+N의 농도가 100ppm정도이면 최상급에 속하며, 이정도로만 관리하면 인성에 미치는 영향은 크지 않다. 그리고, 안정화원소는 내식성 확보를 위해 꼭 첨가하고 있으며, 인성에 미치는 영향은 그리 크지 않다.High chromium ferritic stainless steels, especially when Cr is 20% by weight or more, as shown in Figure 1a, the fragility of the toughness is remarkable. In addition, toughness becomes more severe when Mo, C, N and stabilizing elements are contained in a large amount. The concentration of C and N depends on the refining technology in the steelmaking process of steel. In the case of currently produced high chromium ferritic stainless steel, the concentration of C + N belongs to the highest level of about 100ppm. not. In addition, stabilizing elements are necessarily added to ensure corrosion resistance, and the effect on toughness is not so great.

일반적으로 고 크롬페라이트계 스테인레스강의 인성에 영향을 미치는 것은 고온상의 석출에 의한 것으로서, 고온상의 많이 석출될수록 인성이 취약하다. 도 1b에는 C+N이 100ppm인 고 크롬 페라이트계 스테인레스강에 대해 인성 및 내식성에 영향을 주는 고온석출물(δ,χ)의 석출속도를 Cr, Mo의 함량에 따라 나타낸 것으로, Cr 및 Mo함량이 많을수록 석출속도가 빨라 인성이 취약해짐을 알 수 있다.In general, the toughness of the high chromium-ferritic stainless steel is due to the precipitation of the high temperature phase, and the more the high temperature phase is precipitated, the less the toughness is. Figure 1b shows the precipitation rate of the high temperature precipitate (δ, χ) affecting the toughness and corrosion resistance for high chromium ferritic stainless steel having 100 ppm C + N according to the content of Cr, Mo, Cr and Mo content The larger the precipitation rate, the weaker the toughness.

경제적인 면 뿐만 아니라, 스테인레스강의 인성을 개선하기 위하여 인성이 우수한 탄소강과 스테인레스강을 롤 크래딩(roll clading)의해 접합하는 방법이 알려져 있다. 그 방법은 고온에서 롤에 의해 이종금속을 접합하는 것인데, 고 크롬 페라이트계 스테인레스강에는 그 적용이 불가능하다. 이는 위에서 언급한 바와 같이, 고 크롬 페라이트계 스테인레스강의 경우 400-900℃에서 고온상의 석출되어 인성 및 내식성이 더욱 취약해지기 때문이다. 물론 고온상이 석출된 접합재를 열처리를 하여 인성을 확보할 수 도 있으나 부가 열처리 비용이 요구될 뿐만 아니라, 고온의열처리시 재료에 변형이 일어나 변형을 다시 잡아 주어야 한다.In addition to the economic aspect, in order to improve the toughness of stainless steel, a method of joining a roll clading with a carbon steel having excellent toughness is known. The method involves joining dissimilar metals by roll at high temperature, which is not applicable to high chromium ferritic stainless steels. This is because, as mentioned above, in the case of high chromium ferritic stainless steel, high-temperature precipitation at 400-900 ° C. makes the toughness and corrosion resistance more vulnerable. Of course, it is possible to secure the toughness by heat-treating the bonding material in which the high temperature phase is precipitated, but additional heat treatment costs are required, and deformation occurs in the material during high temperature heat treatment, and thus the strain must be retaken.

본 발명은 내식성이 우수한 고 크롬 페라이트계 스테인레스강의 인성을 확보하기 위한 폭발접합방법을 제공하는데, 그 목적이 있다.The present invention provides an explosion bonding method for securing the toughness of high chromium ferritic stainless steel excellent in corrosion resistance, and an object thereof.

도 1a는 고 크롬 페라이트계 스테인레스강의 성분에 따른 인성거동을 나타태는 그래프이다;Figure 1a is a graph showing the toughness behavior according to the components of high chromium ferritic stainless steel;

도 1b는 고 크롬 페라이트계 스테인레스강의 성분에 따른 고온상의 석출거동을 나타내는 그래프이다.Figure 1b is a graph showing the precipitation behavior of the high temperature phase according to the components of the high chromium ferritic stainless steel.

도 2는 본 발명에 부합되는 폭발접합의 개략도이다.2 is a schematic representation of an explosion junction in accordance with the present invention.

상기 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명은, 일측이 밀폐된 원형의 지지수단 내측에 그 내부에 접합관이 삽입된 모재관을 삽입시킨 다음, 압축공기를 접합관의 내면에 충돌시키고, 이때 생기는 에너지에 의해 순간적으로 접합관과 모재관을 접합시키는 폭발접합(explosive cladding)방법에 있어서, 상기 원형의 지지수단내측에 있는 탄소강관의 내부에 Cr:26-35중량%, Mo:3-6중량%, C:0.03중량%이하, N:0.03중량%이하를 함유하는 고 크롬페라이트계 스테인레스 강관을 삽입시킨 다음, 압축공기를 500Mpa이상의 압력으로 상기 스테인레스 강관에 충돌시켜 접합하는 것을 포함하여 구성된다.The present invention for achieving the above object, one side is inserted into the base material tube is inserted into the joint pipe inside the sealed support means inside, then impinge the compressed air to the inner surface of the joint pipe, the energy generated at this time In the explosive cladding method of joining the joining pipe and the base material pipe instantaneously, Cr: 26-35% by weight, Mo: 3-6% by weight, inside the carbon steel pipe inside the circular support means, And inserting a high chromium ferritic stainless steel pipe containing C: 0.03% by weight or less and N: 0.03% by weight and then impinging the compressed air onto the stainless steel pipe by pressure of 500 Mpa or more.

이하, 본 발명을 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

본 발명에 따라 내식성이 우수한 고 크롬 페라이트계 스테인레스강과 인성이 우수한 탄소강을 폭발접합(Explosive Cladding)방법으로 접합시키면 내식성 및 인성을 동시에 가지는 재료가 얻어진다.According to the present invention, when a high chromium ferritic stainless steel having excellent corrosion resistance and carbon steel having excellent toughness are joined by an explosive bonding method, a material having both corrosion resistance and toughness is obtained.

본 발명에 적합한 고 크롬 페라이트계 스테인레스강은 통상, 인성의 취약성으로 인해 그 사용이 제한되던, Cr:26-35중량%, Mo:3-6중량%, C:0.03중량%이하, N:0.03중량%이하를 기본성분으로 하는 강이다. 이러한 기본성분외에 합금성분으로 예를들면, Ti, Nb, Al, Cu, W, Ni등이 함유될 수 있다.High chromium ferritic stainless steel suitable for the present invention is usually Cr: 26-35% by weight, Mo: 3-6% by weight, C: 0.03% by weight or less, N: 0.03, the use of which is limited due to the weakness of toughness Steel based on weight percent or less. In addition to these basic components, for example, Ti, Nb, Al, Cu, W, Ni and the like may be contained as an alloy component.

그리고, 탄소강은 그 성질이 특별히 제한되는 것은 아니고, 본 발명에서는 값이 저렴하고 그에 따른 인성이 우수하기 때문에 적용하는 것이다. 이때, 탄소강의 선정은 그 용도에 적합한 인성을 가진 강을 다양하게 적용할 수 있다. 보다 바람직하게는 C가 0.17중량%이하로 함유것인데, 그 이유는 C가 0.17중량%이상 함유되는 경우 고 크롬 페라이트계 스테인레스강의 C량과 합한 C량이 너무 많아 고온상의 석출속도가 빨라질 가능성이 있기 때문이다.In addition, carbon steel is not particularly limited in its properties, and is applied in the present invention because of its low cost and excellent toughness. At this time, the selection of carbon steel may be variously applied to a steel having toughness suitable for the purpose. More preferably, the C content is less than 0.17% by weight, because if the C content is more than 0.17% by weight, the amount of C combined with the amount of C in the high chromium ferritic stainless steel is too high, which may increase the precipitation rate at high temperatures. to be.

상기와 같은 탄소강과 고 크롬 페라이트계 스테인레스강을 폭발접합하는 방법을 도 2를 일례로 설명한다. 도 2(a)에 나타난 바와 같이, 폭발용접(explosive cladding)은 먼저, 일측이 밀폐된 원형의 지지수단(3) 내측에 탄소강관(1)인 모재를 삽입하고, 이어 삽입된 탄소강관(1)의 내부에 접합재인 고 크롬페라이트계 스테인레스 강관(이하, '스테인레스 강관'이라함)(2)을 삽입시킨다. 그 다음 압축공기(5)를 일정이상의 압력으로 스테인레스 강관(2)의 내면에 충돌시키고, 이때 생기는 에너지에 의해 도 2(b)에 도시된 바와 같이, 순간적으로 탄소강관(1)과 스테인레스강관(2)을 접합시킨다.A method of explosion-bonding carbon steel and high chromium ferritic stainless steel as described above will be described with reference to FIG. 2 as an example. As shown in Figure 2 (a), explosive cladding (explosive cladding), first insert the base material of the carbon steel pipe (1) inside the circular support means (3), one side is sealed, then inserted carbon steel pipe (1) ) Is inserted into a high chromium ferritic stainless steel pipe (hereinafter referred to as 'stainless steel pipe') (2) as a bonding material. Then, the compressed air (5) is impinged on the inner surface of the stainless steel pipe (2) at a predetermined pressure or more, and as a result of the energy generated at this time, as shown in Figure 2 (b), the carbon steel pipe (1) and the stainless steel pipe ( 2) is bonded.

도 2에서 미설명부호 4는 폭발수단이다.In FIG. 2, reference numeral 4 denotes an explosion means.

이와 같은 폭발용접은 순간적인 충돌(최소속도 2000m/sec)에 의해 발생된 에너지로 접합이 일어나므로(약 10-3sec내에 일어남) 스테인레스 강관에 열전달이 없어 고온상의 석출이 없고, 이에 따라 인성의 저하가 안 일어난다.Since the explosion welding is performed by the energy generated by the instantaneous collision (minimum speed 2000m / sec) (caused within about 10 -3 sec), there is no heat transfer in the stainless steel pipe, so there is no precipitation at high temperature, and thus the toughness No degradation occurs.

본 발명에 따라 폭발용접할 때, 접합재인 고 크롬페라이트계 스테인레스 강관의 두께는 탄소강관 두께의 1/2보다 작으며, 탄소강관의 두께는 10mm이상인 것이 바람직하다. 그 이유는 스테인레스 강관의 두께가 탄소강관의 두께보다 1/2이하이면 이때 가해지는 압축공기의 압력이 크게 되고, 이에 따라 스테인레스강관은 접합되나 충돌압력이 너무 커서 탄소강관의 변형 또는 터질수가 있다. 그리고, 탄소강관의 두께를 최소 10mm로 하는 것도 모재로서의 폭발압력에 견디기 위해서이다.When the explosion welding according to the present invention, the thickness of the high chromium-ferritic stainless steel pipe as a bonding material is less than 1/2 of the thickness of the carbon steel pipe, the thickness of the carbon steel pipe is preferably 10mm or more. The reason is that if the thickness of the stainless steel pipe is less than 1/2 of the thickness of the carbon steel pipe, the pressure of the compressed air is increased at this time. Accordingly, the stainless steel pipe is joined but the collision pressure is too large, which may deform or burst the carbon steel pipe. In addition, the thickness of the carbon steel pipe should be at least 10 mm to withstand the explosion pressure as the base material.

이와 함께 스테인레스 강관의 외경은 상기 탄소강관 내경의 0.96배 이상인 것이 바람직한데, 그 이유는 이 조건을 벗어나면 스테인레스 강관의 외경이 너무 작아 탄소강과의 내경과 거리가 멀어지게 되고, 이에 따라 충돌에너지의 너무 많은 양이 스테인레스 강관의 소성변형에너지로 소모되어 접합에 필요한 에너지가 손실되기 때문이다.In addition, the outer diameter of the stainless steel pipe is preferably at least 0.96 times the inner diameter of the carbon steel pipe, because the outer diameter of the stainless steel pipe is too small to be far from the inner diameter of the carbon steel, so that the collision energy This is because too much is consumed by the plastic strain energy of stainless steel pipes, resulting in the loss of the energy required for bonding.

이와 같은 크기를 가지는 강관인 모재와 접합재의 폭발접합으로 압축공기의 압력은 강관의 두께에 따라 다양하게 설정될 수 있으나, 500Mpa이상으로 하는 것이 접합에 효과적이며, 필요이상으로 크게 하면 제조비의 문제가 있으므로 적절히 선정하면 된다.The pressure of compressed air can be set variously according to the thickness of the steel pipe by the explosion-bonding of the base material and the joining material, which are the steel pipes having the same size. However, it is effective for joining more than 500Mpa. Therefore, you may select suitably.

이상의 설명에서 알 수 있듯이, 본 발명은 폭발용접방법에 의해 인성이 우수한 탄소강관과 내식성이 우수한 스테인레스강관이 접합된 재료를 제공하는 것이다. 이러한 본 발명은 탄소강관의 내부에 스테인레스강관의 접합될 수 도 있고, 스테인레스강관의 내부에 탄소강관이 접합될 수 도 있다. 또한, 이러한 강관은 양측이 개방된 강관 또는 일측만 개방된 강관일 수 도 있으며, 이때 일측만 개방된 강관은 화학공장 등의 탱크로 사용될 수 있는 것이다.As can be seen from the above description, the present invention provides a material in which a carbon steel pipe excellent in toughness and a stainless steel pipe excellent in corrosion resistance are joined by an explosion welding method. The present invention may be bonded to the stainless steel pipe inside the carbon steel pipe, carbon steel pipe may be bonded to the inside of the stainless steel pipe. In addition, such a steel pipe may be a steel pipe opened on both sides or a steel pipe opened only on one side, and the steel pipe opened only on one side may be used as a tank of a chemical plant.

상술한 바와 같이, 본 발명에 의하면, 내식성 및 인성이 우수한 고 크롬 페라이트계 스테인레스 접합재가 얻어지며, 이러한 접합재는 화학공장, 정련공장, 해수 건축물 등에 적용될 수 있는 효과가 있다.As described above, according to the present invention, a high chromium ferritic stainless bonding material having excellent corrosion resistance and toughness is obtained, and the bonding material has an effect that can be applied to chemical plants, refineries, seawater buildings, and the like.

Claims (1)

일측이 밀폐된 원형의 지지수단 내측에 그 내부에 접합관이 삽입된 모재관을 삽입시킨 다음, 압축공기를 접합관의 내면에 충돌시키고, 이때 생기는 에너지에 의해 순간적으로 접합관과 모재관을 접합시키는 폭발접합(explosive cladding)방법에 있어서, 상기 원형의 지지수단내측에 있는 C:0.17중량%이하를 함유하고 강관두께가 10mm이하의 탄소강관의 내부에 상기 탄소강관 두께의 1/2이하의 두께를 갖으며 외경이 탄소강관 내경의 0.96배 이상이고 Cr:26-35중량%, Mo:3-6중량%, C:0.03중량%이하, N:0.03중량%이하를 함유하는 고 크롬페라이트계 스테인레스 강관을 삽입시킨 다음, 압축공기를 500Mpa이상의 압력으로 상기 스테인레스 강관에 충돌시켜 폭발접합함을 특징으로 하는 인성 및 내식성이 우수한 고 크롬페라이트계 복합재료의 제조방법.After inserting the base material tube in which the joint pipe is inserted in the inner side of the circular support means sealed at one side, the compressed air collides with the inner surface of the joint pipe, and the joint pipe and the base pipe are instantaneously joined by the energy generated. In the explosive cladding method, C: 0.17% by weight or less inside the circular support means, the steel pipe thickness of less than 1/2 of the thickness of the carbon steel pipe inside the carbon steel pipe of 10mm or less High chromium ferritic stainless steel having an outer diameter of at least 0.96 times the inner diameter of a carbon steel pipe, containing Cr: 26-35% by weight, Mo: 3-6% by weight, C: 0.03% by weight, or N: 0.03% by weight After inserting the steel pipe, compressed air impinges on the stainless steel pipe at a pressure of 500Mpa or more by explosion-bonding method of producing a high chromium ferrite composite material excellent in toughness and corrosion resistance.
KR1019970068577A 1997-12-13 1997-12-13 A method of explosive cladding high Cr ferritic stainless steel KR100340645B1 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100686706B1 (en) * 2004-12-07 2007-02-27 (주)티티에스 Semiconductor manafacturing apparatus performed explosive welding

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4333597A (en) * 1980-05-27 1982-06-08 Explosive Fabricators Method of explosively forming bi-metal tubeplate joints
JPS6064785A (en) * 1983-09-20 1985-04-13 Kuroki Kogyosho:Kk Pipe having corrosion- and wear-resistant inside wall layer and its production
KR960003880A (en) * 1994-07-27 1996-02-23 김영욱 Method for manufacturing cylindrical clad tube by explosion joining method

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4333597A (en) * 1980-05-27 1982-06-08 Explosive Fabricators Method of explosively forming bi-metal tubeplate joints
JPS6064785A (en) * 1983-09-20 1985-04-13 Kuroki Kogyosho:Kk Pipe having corrosion- and wear-resistant inside wall layer and its production
KR960003880A (en) * 1994-07-27 1996-02-23 김영욱 Method for manufacturing cylindrical clad tube by explosion joining method

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100686706B1 (en) * 2004-12-07 2007-02-27 (주)티티에스 Semiconductor manafacturing apparatus performed explosive welding

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