KR100329689B1 - Cavity friction lining for friction disk - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A cavity lining for a friction disk is provided to improve the durability and to cut down manufacturing cost by forming plural arch segments in the friction lining, and to eliminate debris by restricting breakage or corrosion. CONSTITUTION: A friction disk is composed of an annular core plate(70) having a first side and a second side and mounting to an annular friction lining(10); the annular friction lining including plural arch frictional segments(22) and attaching to the side of the annular core plate; and plural interlocking units(12) interlocking plural arch frictional segments. Plural interlocking units are placed in cavities(40) of the arch frictional linings to improve durability of the disk.

Description

Cavity friction lining for friction disk

The present invention relates to an improved friction disk for clutches or brakes, and more particularly to integral tab and slot structures positioned in a cavity such that each of them is separated from direct contact in frictional contact of the friction disk in use. An improved friction disk annular friction lining consisting of a plurality of arched segments which are fixed together annularly by the same interlocking means. The annular friction lining also has at least two indexing and positioning notches to enable the robotic alignment of the annular friction lining pairs to be positioned in the molding device when forming a cavity in the lining.

In the past, conventional friction discs were made of annular metal rings or cores, with a single piece of friction lining or facing bonded to each opposite side of the metal core. In an effort to reduce the cost of scrap friction facing materials and single piece friction facings due to single piece fabrication, the use of arcuate segmented friction linings or facing materials has been attempted. In this case, the arcuate segments are joined together to form an annular friction facing to be glued to the core plate. Single piece friction facings and arcuate segments are made from the same sintered material or from paper impregnated with a resin such as a phenolic resin. However, with segmented friction facings, durability problems have arisen regarding the durability of interlocking structures of adjacent segments.

Conventional friction discs include the discs mentioned in US Pat. No. 4,260,047 assigned to General Motors Corporation. This disk is a disk formed of a plurality of arcuate segments interconnected by tabs and slot structures.

However, the disc in this patent tends to be vulnerable in the interlocking portions of the tab and slot structures.

In general, the weakness of the interlocking structure results in the disintegration of the segment connection structure of adjacent arcuate segments. For example, in tab and slot joint structures, they appear as break-out and erosion of segment connections. Breakage refers to the separation of the tab portion of the tab and slot structure such that debris is formed that can block the fluid passage and impede the flow of the power transmission fluid. Erosion is a step in which the slot portions of the tab and slot structures prior to debris production are separated.

The invention described in Korean Patent Application No. 93-24706 (U.S. Application No. 001,102 dated Jan. 6, 1993) is intended to solve the problem of breakage and erosion that plagues friction disks formed of a plurality of arcuate segments.

It is an object of the present invention to solve such breakage and erosion problems associated with interlocking structures that join adjacent arcuate segments together in the formation of an annular friction lining that is bonded to an annular core plate of a friction disc.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a durable friction disk formed from a plurality of arcuate segments.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a friction disk formed of a plurality of arcuate segments in which manufacturing cost is low and the problem of debris generation is solved.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a friction disk having a friction lining formed of a plurality of arcuate segments that reduce or eliminate breakage and erosion to solve the problem of debris generation.

It is a further object of the present invention to install each interlocking means in a cavity formed in the lining.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a friction disk having respective interlocking means and in which each interlocking means is located in a cavity formed by applying pressure and heat to an adjacent region of the annular friction lining.

The foregoing objects should only be regarded as representing some of the more suitable features and applications of the present invention. Various other advantageous results can be obtained by applying the invention in other ways or by modifying the invention within its scope. Accordingly, the above object and the total within the present invention will be fully understood by explaining the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the following description and the appended claims, and the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the appended drawings.

Summary of the Invention

The annular friction lining and friction disk and the friction disk manufacturing method of the present invention are defined by the specific embodiments shown in the claims and the accompanying drawings. In summary, the present invention relates to a friction disk having an annular core plate having a first side and a second side and an annular friction lining composed of a plurality of arcuate friction segments bonded to at least one of these sides. It is about. The plurality of arcuate friction segments are interlocked or fixed by a plurality of interlocking means to form an annular friction lining. Each of the plurality of interlocking means is located in a cavity formed in the arcuate friction lining.

Typically, the friction lining is formed of four arcuate friction segments and most commonly three arcuate friction segments.

Each arcuate segment has a first end and a second end. The interlocking means integrally formed at the first end and the second end comprises one tab structure and one slot structure for each of the plurality of arcuate segments. Such a tab and slot structure is not limited to a single tab at one end and a slot at an opposite end, but a tab structure and slot structure 37 integrally formed at the first and second ends of each arcuate friction segment. It includes. Another interlocking means is an edged flat structure integrally formed at the first and second ends of each of the plurality of arcuate segments.

The annular friction lining may additionally cover at least two marking and positioning notches formed therein. Typically, the annular friction lining further comprises an inner wall and an outer wall on which at least one marking and positioning notch is formed. The notch is located in the cavity. That is, the cavity additionally has a floor into which the at least one notch of the marking and positioning notches formed on either of the inner and outer walls of the annular friction lining enters.

When positioning the annular friction lining on the first side and the second side of the annular core plate, the cavity formed in the annular friction lining that is attached to the first side of the annular core plate is generally attached to the second side of the annular core plate. Axially aligned with the cavity formed in the annular friction lining.

In forming cavities in annular friction linings made of resin-impregnated paper, the annular friction linings have a certain thickness, and the cavities formed in the annular friction linings are only approximately 50 percent of the arcuate friction lining thickness at best to maintain the structural integrity of the linings. Has depth.

A further embodiment of the invention comprises a method of making a friction disk according to the invention. The method includes providing a sheet of friction material and stamping a plurality of arcuate segments therefrom. Each stamped arcuate segment has interlocking means at each end. Typically at least two notches are formed in each arcuate segment when stamping a plurality of arcuate segments, and each notch is formed near the interlocking means such that notches are provided therein when forming respective cavities in the annular lining. . Sufficient number of arcuate segments are connected and secured by interlocking means to form an annular friction lining. The annular friction lining is then bonded to at least one of the opposite sides (first side and second side) of the core plate by applying pressure and heat by the mold apparatus. The plurality of cavities with their respective interlocking means and located adjacent to each other can be formed as separate steps by applying pressure and heat to the annular friction lining or at the same time in the bonding step. In the case where the cavity is formed simultaneously with the adhesion of the annular friction lining to the core plate, the molding apparatus has a template having the same number of protrusions as the predetermined number of cavities. When simultaneously forming the cavity and adhering the annular friction lining to the core plate, the pressure at the predetermined cavity position is controlled by the protrusions forming the cavity and the axially aligned cavity is applied to the annular friction lining on the opposite side of the core plate. Larger when formed.

In addition, if the cavity is formed after the adhesion, the pressure at the predetermined cavity position will be greater than at other positions on the annular friction lining in the molding apparatus.

Another embodiment of the invention relates to a friction lining comprising a plurality of arched segments, each having a friction engagement surface and an adhesion surface. The interlocking means secures adjacent arcuate segments to form an annular friction lining. In this case the cavity is formed or cut out of friction material. When adhering the annular friction lining, heat and pressure should be applied evenly over the surface of the lining with its respective cavity area.

Each interlocking means is located in a cavity formed in the frictional engagement surface of each of the plurality of arcuate segments. The inventors do not wish to be limited to a specific theory of the operation of the invention, but the following description is provided as one illustrative example. By placing each interlocking means in a cavity, it is believed that the interlocking means can be separated from direct frictional contact during the frictional engagement of the frictional engagement surface of the annular friction lining during use. In other words, positioning the interlocking means in the cavity reduces or completely eliminates the frictional force applied to the face of the interlocking means. However, in forming the cavity in the lining, the heated mold is pressed into the lining to form the cavity. Thus each interlocking means is located in the cavity and spaced from direct frictional engagement during use, and the step of forming the cavity with heat and pressure using protrusions in such a way as to increase the adhesion of the lining to the core plate in the cavity area. Is formed in the lining. This structure not only protects the interlocking means from direct frictional contact, but also improves the adhesion of the interlocking means to the core plate.

Typically, an annular friction lining consists of four arcuate segments (90 ° arcs) (interlocking means spaced at 90 ° angles), most commonly three arcuate segments (120 ° arcs) ( Interlocking means spaced 120 degrees apart).

Interlocking means contemplated as being within the scope of the present invention is not limited to any particular shape and has shapes such as straight or flat segment seam lines and tab-slot segment seams. Thus each arcuate segment further has a first end and a second end and the interlocking means comprises a tab structure and a slot structure integrally formed at the first and second ends of each of the plurality of arcuate segments.

The interlocking means also comprise a combination tab structure and a slot structure integrally formed at the first and second ends of each arcuate segment. In addition, the interlocking means has a flat edge structure which is integrally formed at the first and second ends of each of the plurality of arcuate segments to enable the joining of the adjacent arcuate friction segments.

The annular friction lining of the present invention may additionally have an inner wall and an outer wall and at least two marking and positioning notches are formed in the inner wall or outer wall or at least one marking and positioning notch is formed in the inner wall and outer wall of the annular friction lining. do. The two marking and positioning notches allow the disk to be positioned and aligned by the robot, so that the disk is properly aligned in the mold when the disk is positioned in the compression and heating mold assembly, forming a cavity at each position of the interlocking means. do. Most commonly, the cavity has marks and positioning notches and floors formed on the inner and outer walls of the annular friction lining, so that the notches penetrate into the cavity floor.

The friction disk made of the annular friction lining includes an annular core plate made of steel or the like having opposing sides, and at least one annular friction lining is adhered to one side of the opposing sides of the core plate. The annular friction lining comprises a plurality of arcuate friction segments each having a first and a second end. A plurality of interlocking means secures and interlocks adjacent arcuate friction segments to form an annular friction lining. Each interlocking means is located in a cavity formed in the friction engagement surface of each arcuate segment so as to be away from direct contact during frictional engagement of the friction engagement surface of the annular friction lining during use. Typically, the cavities formed in each annular friction lining adhered to the opposite side of the annular core plate are the axes and cavities of the other annular friction lining in which the cavity of one annular friction lining adhered to the annular core plate is adhered to the opposite side of the annular core plate. Aligned to position in the direction.

The important features of the invention have been outlined above in order that the detailed description of the invention that follows may be better understood and the contribution of the invention in the art to be fully understood. Other features of the invention described below form the subject of the claims of the invention.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the teachings and examples disclosed herein may be readily used as a basis for modifications and other structure designs for carrying out the same purposes of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will also appreciate that such equivalent structures do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention as set forth in the claims.

In order to more fully understand the nature and purpose of the present invention, reference should be made to the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Like reference symbols in the various drawings indicate like parts.

Detailed description of the invention

1 shows an annular friction lining 70 formed of a plurality of arcuate segments 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention that is secured to an annular core plate 70. Three arcuate segments 22 are secured together by interlocking means 12 to form an annular friction lining 10. Interlocking means include means for combining a plurality of arcuate segments to form an annular structure, including straight assembly lines such as tab and slot configurations, curved assembly lines, and arcuate assembly lines. do. The arcuate segment 22 of each of the plurality of arcuate segments 20 has an adhesive face that is the opposite of the frictional engagement surface (long) and the frictional engagement surface. The interlocking means 12 secure the arcuate segment to form an annular friction lining 10 when end-to-end coupled as shown in FIG. The interlocking means 12 are located in a cavity 40 formed in the frictional engagement surface 24 of the arcuate segment 22 of each of the plurality of arcuate segments 20. Positioning the interlocking means in the cavity 40 causes the interlocking means 12 to be positioned away from direct frictional contact during frictional engagement of the frictional engagement surface of the annular friction lining 10. The number of arcuate segments is usually three or four, with each arcuate segment covering 120 ° or 90 ° of the annular lining.

The cavity 40 is a composite of a recess formed at the first end of one arcuate segment and a recess formed at the second end of the adjacent segment. That is, the cavity 40 is for keeping the interlocking means completely away from the frictional engagement.

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the interlocking means 12 shown in FIG. 1, where each arcuate segment 22 has a first end 25 and a second end 27. As shown, the interlocking means 12 is a tab structure 32 and a slot structure 34 integrally formed at the first end 25 of one arcuate segment and the second end 27 of the connecting arcuate segment. It includes.

Another embodiment of the interlocking means 12 comprises a meshed tab structure and a slot structure 37 integrally formed at the first and second ends of each of the arcuate segments, as shown in FIG.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the annular friction lining further includes an inner wall and an outer wall, the plurality of marking and positioning notches 66, 68 being formed on the inner wall and the outer wall. These notches 66, 68 allow the annular friction lining 70 to be properly aligned on each side of the annular core plate 70 as shown in FIG.

That is, during the manufacture of the friction disk 100, the annular friction lining adhered to the opposite side of the annular core plate 70 may include a cavity 44 of the annular friction lining fixed to one side of the annular core plate 70. As shown in the figure, it is possible to axially align with the cavity of another annular friction lining that is glued to the other side of the annular core plate 70. Alignment of the cavities of the annular friction lining glued to each side of the annular core plate 70 is achieved by using a mold template having protrusions, and the floor 42 of each cavity 40 in the lining on the opposite side of the core plate during manufacture. Pressure).

During manufacture of the arcuate segment, this segment is usually formed with markings and positioning notches. Typically, the notch is formed in the cavity of the adjacent arcuate segment because the cavity area is spaced from the frictional engagement surface and therefore not frictionally engaged.

That is, forming notches in areas other than the cavity area further reduces the surface area available for frictional engagement.

In general, each notch 62 of the plurality of display and positioning notches 66 formed on the inner wall 50 may have a notch 64 of the plurality of display and positioning notches 68 formed on the outer wall 52. Aligned radially. That is, the notches formed in the inner wall and the outer wall are arranged in a radial direction in pairs around the annular friction lining as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4.

Most generally, each cavity 40 additionally has a floor 42, wherein at least one of the plurality of marking and positioning notches is positioned within the inner wall 50 and the outer wall 52 of the annular friction lining. ), The notch penetrates into the common floor as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG.

The friction disk 100 of the present invention is provided with an annular core plate 70, and an annular friction lining 10 is bonded to the opposite side of the core plate 70 as shown in FIG.

The annular friction lining 10 has a plurality of arcuate friction segments 20, each arcuate friction segment 22 of this friction segment having a first end 25 and a second end 27.

The plurality of interlocking means 12 firmly interlocks adjacent arcuate friction segments such that the annular friction lining 10 is formed, each interlocking means 12 during frictional engagement of the friction engagement surface of the annular friction lining. It is located in a cavity 40 formed in the arcuate segment 22 to keep the interlocking means away from direct contact.

The annular friction lining 10 also has an inner wall 50 and an outer wall 52, which are formed with a plurality of marking and positioning notches 66, 68. In general, in the annular friction lining 10, each mark and positioning notch 62 formed in the inner wall 50 and each mark and positioning notch 64 formed in the outer wall 52 are radially aligned. . Most generally, radially aligned marks and positioning notches 62, 64 are each formed in the cavity.

The friction disk manufacturing method of this invention is mentioned later.

The cavity formed in the annular friction lining may be formed before adhering the lining to the annular core plate.

A common method is to simultaneously perform lining adhesion to the core plate and cavity formation under heat and pressure treatment in the mold apparatus. In less common methods, however, these two steps are used in such a way as to first attach the lining to the core plate and then to form the cavity using a mold device.

In summary, this method involves the production of arcuate segments in a conventional manner, for example by stamping a plurality of arcuate segments from friction materials such as sintered material or resin impregnated paper.

The friction material may have a groove formed before the stamping process. In general, at least two notches are formed simultaneously in the stamping step, and most generally, at least two notches are formed in the predetermined cavity area since the formation in the cavity area no longer reduces the surface area of the annular lining. Notch formation after stamping may damage existing interlocking means.

However, notch formation can be made prior to adhering the annular friction lining to the annular core plate. These notches allow the disk, ie the core plate with linings attached to both sides, to be properly aligned so that it is positioned in the mold by the robotic device.

The arcuate segments are then joined together to form an annular friction lining and are bonded to opposite first and second sides of the core plate in a conventional manner. An adhesive material or adhesive may be applied to the lining or the core plate or to both. Adhesion of the annular friction lining to the core plate is accomplished by using a molding apparatus that applies pressure at a temperature of 250 to 300 ° C. (approximately 50 tonnes per unit area) to securely attach the lining to the core plate.

That is, the core plate with the lining is aligned and positioned in the mold to allow sufficient pressure and heat to adhere the lining to the core plate. In general, the cavities are formed in the lining material at the same time as the lining is adhered to the core plate by using a template in a molding device having protrusions for each corresponding cavity. Thus, when pressure and heat are applied to the lining, these protrusions form a cavity and adhere the lining below the cavity to the core plate, and the remaining non-protrusions of the template apply heat and pressure to the lining to bond the lining to the core plate.

Forming a notch in a predetermined area on the lining in which the cavity is to be formed is such that the core plate is properly aligned by the robotic means to form a cavity in the mold apparatus and a notch is formed in the cavity to provide the maximum surface area of the lining. That is, if a notch is formed in the lining outside the cavity, the surface area of the notch is reduced along the surface area of the cavity. In general, the area of the cavity is the minimum area required to have interlocking means therein.

In the present invention a notch is used that allows robotic alignment prior to molding. However, other types of robotic perceptible indicators may be used instead of the notches.

The depth of the cavity should be lower than the depth of the groove formed in the friction material. Approximately half the thickness of the resin impregnated paper approaches the maximum depth. If the cavity is too deep, the resin impregnated paper will tear.

The area of the cavity should be as small as possible and the entire interlocking means must be able to be located therein during use, ie free from frictional action.

The shape of the notch or cavity may be modified other than as described and shown in the figures.

While the invention has been described in terms of good form with some features, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure in its best form is merely exemplary and that the details of construction, combination and arrangement of the various parts are within the spirit and scope of the invention. It will be appreciated that a number of changes can be made.

1 is a front view of one embodiment of a friction disk of the present invention showing three interlocked arcuate segments forming an annular friction lining.

2 is an exploded view of the interlocking means 12 of FIG.

3 is a front view of another embodiment of a friction disk of the present invention showing three interlocked arcuate segments forming an annular friction lining.

4 is an exploded view of the interlocking means 12 of FIG.

5 is a perspective view of a friction disk according to the present invention.

6 is a partial view of a pair of annular friction linings bonded to an annular core plate, with the cavities aligned.

7 is a front view of an arcuate segment in another embodiment of the friction disk of the present invention, each having a flat edge structure formed on opposite sides and forming an annular friction lining.

※ Explanation of symbols for main parts of drawing

10 friction lining 12 interlocking means

20, 22: arcuate segment 24: frictional engagement surface

40, 44: Joint 42: Floor

50: inner wall 52: outer wall

70: core plate 100: friction disk

Claims (16)

An annular core plate having first and second sides and to which at least one of the sides is bonded an annular friction lining composed of a plurality of arched friction segments and the plurality of arcuate friction segments to form an annular friction lining. A friction disk comprising a plurality of interlocking means for locking, And wherein each of said plurality of interlocking means is located in a cavity formed in said arcuate friction lining. The method of claim 1, And said annular friction lining consists of three arcuate segments. The method of claim 1, And said annular friction lining consists of four arcuate segments. The method of claim 1, Each of the arcuate segments has a first end and a second end, Said interlocking means being comprised of a tab structure and a slot structure integrally formed at said first and second ends of each of a plurality of arcuate segments. The method of claim 4, wherein Said interlocking means comprising a tab structure and a slot structure (37) integrally formed at the first and second ends of each of said arcuate segments. The method of claim 1, Wherein each arcuate friction segment has a first end and a second end, and the interlocking means comprises an edge-flat structure integrally formed at the first end and the second end of each of the plurality of arcuate segments. Friction disk. The method of claim 1, At least two markings and positioning notches are formed in the annular friction lining. The method of claim 7, wherein The cavity further comprises a floor, wherein at least one of the marking and positioning notches formed on the inner and outer walls of the annular friction lining penetrates into the floor of the cavity. The method of claim 1, Annular friction linings are adhered to the first and second sides of each of the annular core plates, And the cavity formed in the annular friction lining adhered to the first side of the annular core plate is axially aligned with the cavity formed in the annular friction lining adhered to the second side of the annular core plate. The method of claim 1, The arcuate friction lining has a thickness, and the cavity formed in the arcuate friction lining has a depth that is only approximately 50 percent of the arcuate friction lining thickness. Providing a sheet of friction material, Stamping a plurality of arcuate segments from said friction material sheet, each having an interlocking means at each end thereof; Connecting and securing a sufficient number of said arcuate segments via interlocking means to form an annular friction lining, Attaching the annular friction lining to at least one of the first side and the second side of the core plate, and Forming a plurality of cavities adjacent to the annular friction lining and having respective interlocking means. The method of claim 11, The annular friction lining is bonded to the core plate at the same time, the annular friction lining is a friction disk manufacturing method characterized in that each interlocking means is provided with a plurality of cavities located adjacently formed. The method of claim 11, And forming at least two notches in each arcuate segment when stamping the plurality of arcuate segments. The method of claim 13, Forming a notch adjacent to the interlocking means such that a notch is provided therein upon formation of the cavity. A friction lining comprising a plurality of arcuate segments, each of which has a friction engagement surface and an adhesive surface, and interlocking means for fixing the arcuate segment to form an annular friction lining, Each interlocking means being located in a cavity formed in the frictional engagement surface of each of the plurality of arcuate segments. The method of claim 15, And an inner wall and an outer wall having a plurality of marks and positioning notches formed therein, the cavity further comprising a floor, each of the plurality of marks and positioning notches penetrating into the floor of the cavity. .