KR100321283B1 - Turntable type gravity die casting machine and turntable type gravity die casting method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A turntable type gravity die casting machine and a turntable type gravity die casting method are provided to substantially improve defective proportion, increase degree of perfectness of castings and substitute dangerous and harmful works for unmanned processing by automating the total casting processes. CONSTITUTION: The turntable type gravity die casting machine comprises a turntable(1) capable of being rotated; a turntable base(20) in which a power transmission means to the turntable(1) is installed; casting units(30) a plural of which are installed on the turntable(1); a control panel for controlling operation of the casting units(30); and a rotary tower(50) which is installed at the rotation center of the turntable(1), to the side surface of which a control panel is fixed, and which supplies hydraulic pressure to each of the casting units(30) and connects an electric power line to the control panel wherein the casting units(30) comprise a main body, cylinder and rack gear, an arm shaft, casting rods and die supports, and the rotary tower(50) comprises a hydraulic pressure supply rotary(51), an electricity supply rotary(52), groove type terminals, pin type terminals, a fixed shaft, a rotational base, and a taper bearing.

Description

Turntable gravity casting machine and casting method

The present invention relates to a gravity casting machine, and more specifically, to mold molding, that is, a plurality of mold casting units are installed on a rotatable turntable to continuously perform a casting operation, so that the stepwise operation of the casting is performed while the turntable rotates, It relates to a turntable gravity casting machine and a manufacturing method for automating the process by installing a control panel for controlling the mold casting unit step by step.

In general, when a model of a die or mold is buried in sand and chopped, a mold-like space is formed inside the sand. This is called a mold. This is called a mold. When the unnecessary parts are removed and processed as a product, a product almost like a model is obtained. The process of making a product in this way is called casting.

Casting can make many products of the same shape with one model, and it has many advantages over other methods of manufacturing complex shapes and large products. In general casting, sand molds are used, but in the case of castings that require mass production of relatively simple and light weight castings, metal molds may be used.

In the conventional casting operation using the metal mold, that is, the mold, the process from forming the mold to the completion of the cast product is mostly performed by hand, for example, a container capable of storing an object therein. In the case of manufacturing, a core formed of sand or the like is inserted into an inner space of a mold having a shape such as a container outline formed by assembling a plurality of mold pieces, and injected into the molten metal between the core and the inner surface of the mold. In this case, in order to allow the molten metal to be evenly penetrated into the inner gap, the molten metal is injected through the inlet of the upper part of the mold while the mold is inclined at 45 ° in the entire state of the mold. The mold is positioned vertically when the generated gas is discharged and the molten metal is almost injected. The process is called a gravity casting method, the gravity casting method has a problem in that the gas injection generated during the melt injection time and the injection of the melt according to the skill of each operator is not constant, the process factor increases the defective rate of the product.

In addition, in order to facilitate the discharge of the gas generated while the molten metal injected into the mold is solidified and the desorption of the solidified cast product, the graphite powder is mixed to apply the graphite to the inner surface of the mold and to cool the mold heated by the heat of the molten metal. The process of immersing the mold in the graphite cooling water is accompanied, the gas generated in this case and the graphite dust scattered in this case is quite harmful to the human body, therefore, the conventional casting method has a problem that the working environment is poor.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-317619, which focuses on automating the above-described conventional casting method, is a dedicated wheel manufacturing casting apparatus for automobiles made of aluminum, and a cylinder is installed for each piece constituting the mold, The present invention relates to a device for exclusively producing automobile wheels by automating the removal process so as to be linked with a conveyor system, but also to cool cores in gravity casting processes, melt injection gas discharge, product desorption processes, and molds heated by the heat of the melt. Since there is no process, there are many problems, such as the application is not easy in producing a cast product of a high melting temperature material.

The present invention devised to solve the above problems is composed of means capable of automating the entire casting process to significantly improve the rate of defects that depended on skill level, increase the maturity of the casting product, unmanned process dangerous and harmful work The purpose of the present invention is to provide an automatic gravity casting machine that can be replaced with a metal.

The object is a rotating turntable, a turntable base for supporting it, a casting unit mounted on the turntable, for mounting and rotating a mold and automatically detaching and casting a cast product, and a hydraulic operation embedded in each casting unit. It can be achieved by a turntable gravity casting machine according to the present invention composed of means and a rotary tower, which is a means for supplying electric power and hydraulic pressure installed on the turntable. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a front view of a turntable gravity casting machine according to the present invention,

2 is a plan view of a turntable gravity casting machine according to the present invention is shown a sequential process sequence,

3 is a hydraulic system diagram of a turntable gravity casting machine according to the present invention,

4 is an explanatory view of the operation of the casting unit according to the present invention in the core insertion and molten metal injection process;

5 is an operation explanatory diagram of a casting unit according to the present invention in a desorption and cooling process,

6 is a plan view of a casting unit according to the present invention in a desorption process,

7 is an operation explanatory diagram showing a mold injection into a cooling water tank according to the present invention in a cooling step;

8 is a schematic structural diagram of a coolant tank according to the present invention;

9 is a plan view of a cylinder, a rack gear, a pinion gear according to the present invention,

10 is a cross-sectional view of the casting unit according to the present invention obtained by cutting by the line A-A of FIG.

* Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings *

1 --- turntable 2 --- sprocket

3 --- chain 10 --- electric motor

11 --- hydraulic pump 12 --- cooling fan

20 --- turntable base

21 --- Inverter Motor 22 --- Warm Reducer

23 --- shaft 24 --- chain sprocket

30 --- Casting Unit 31 --- Body

32, --- cylinder 34 --- rock shaft

35 --- Casting arm cylinder 37,38 --- Mold support

39 --- casting arm 40 --- control panel

41 --- rack gear 42 --- pinion gear

45 --- mould

50 --- Rotary Tower 51 --- Hydraulic Supply Rotary

52 --- Electric supply rotary 53,53 '--- Groove terminal

54,54 '--- Pin type terminal 55 --- Rotary axis

56 --- fixed shaft 57 --- rotating base

59 --- Taper Bearing 61 --- Mold Forward and Backward Hydraulic Cylinder

63,64 --- Casting Rod 80 --- Coolant Tank

81 --- Chiller 82 --- Electric Heater

83 --- Discharge Unit 84 --- Temperature Sensor

1 is a front view of a turntable gravity casting machine according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of a turntable gravity casting machine according to the present invention showing a sequential process sequence, and FIG. 3 is a hydraulic pressure of the turntable gravity casting machine according to the present invention. 8 is a schematic diagram of a cooling water tank according to the present invention.

The turntable gravity casting machine according to the present invention has a turntable 1 rotating as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a turntable base 20 having a power transmission means while being disposed under the turntable 1, and the A plurality of casting units 30 installed on the turntable 1, a control panel 40 for controlling the operation of the casting unit 30, and a control unit disposed at a rotation center of the turntable 1. The panel 40 is fixedly installed and is composed of a rotary tower 50 which connects the hydraulic supply to each casting unit 30 and the power line to the control panel 40.

As shown in FIGS. 4, 9, and 10, the casting unit 30 includes a main body 31, a cylinder 32 and a rack gear 41 installed on the main body 31, and the rack gear ( 41 and a casting rod 63 and 64 rotated by the casting arm cylinder 35 and the rack gear 41 which are provided at both ends of the flat side of the arm shaft 34, the female shaft 34 to rotate in engagement with the 41; A mold support for advancing back and forth in the longitudinal direction of the casting rods 63 and 64 over the casting rods 63 and 64 by a mold back and forth hydraulic cylinder 61 installed in the center portion between the casting rods 63 and 64 ( 37 and 38).

The rotary tower 50, as shown in Figure 1, the hydraulic supply rotary 51 for supplying hydraulic pressure to the cylinders 32, 35 and 61 of the casting unit 30 through a built-in rotary joint, An electric supply rotary 52 provided on an upper portion of the hydraulic supply rotary 51, groove-type terminals 53 and 53 ′ formed on a circumference of the electric supply rotary 52, and the rotating groove flat terminal 53 and 53 ') and pin-type terminals 54 and 54' attached to the upper end of the hydraulic supply rotary 51 which does not rotate and supply electricity while frictionally contacting the surface of the 53 ') and the rotary shaft 55 of the electric supply rotary 52. It is inserted into the hydraulic supply rotary 51 is attached to the fixed shaft 56 is fixed to the top of the turntable (1), the lower structure of the turntable (1) is coupled to the lower portion of the rotary shaft (55) A rotating base 57 supported by the rotating base 57 and a turntable ( It consists of a tapered bearing 59 that supports relative movement between the substructures of 1) and minimizes friction.

Hereinafter, the operation of the preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the turntable type automatic casting machine is a speed-controlled inverter motor 21 and a worm reducer 22 for driving the turntable 1 inside the long turntable base 20 of a steel structure first. Is installed, the shaft 23 for supporting the turntable 1 in the center of one side of the turntable base 20 is vertically installed, the turntable 1 is installed on the top of the shaft 23, the turntable Four casting units 30 are installed at equal intervals along the circumference at the upper part of the upper part 1, and a control panel 40 for controlling the casting unit 30 is disposed at the upper part of the turntable 1, and the center is disposed. An integrated rotary tower 50 for supplying electricity and hydraulic pressure is installed in the rotary tower 50, which is rotatable and supported by the shaft 23. The four casting units 30 are the control panel 40. The turntables 1 are set to 90 by It is preferred that a series of processes consisting of four stages of casting process, namely core insertion, melt injection, product desorption and mold cooling while rotating in degrees, is carried out continuously and automatically.

Therefore, in the turntable gravity casting machine according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1, the turntable 1 is rotatably configured on the turntable base 20, and as a means for rotating the turntable 1, the turntable A sprocket 2 is formed around (1), and a chain 3 is wound around the sprocket 2, and this chain 3 is again an inverter motor (built in the turntable base 20) ( The turntable 1 is rotationally driven by a chain sprocket 24 coupled to the output shaft of the worm reducer 22 which adjusts the rotational force of 21 to a constant rotational speed.

In addition, the inverter motor 21 uses AC power, and the shaft 23 is connected to the horizontal worm reducer 22 in a chain and rotated, respectively attached to the upper and lower circumference around the shaft 23 The 23 is supported by the unit bearing 60.

In addition, the worm reducer 22 is connected to the control panel 40 installed between the casting units 30, the process by the operation time set between each casting process of core insertion, melt injection, product desorption, mold cooling The rotation speed of the turntable 1 is adjusted to proceed, and the casting unit 30 automatically rotates 90 degrees and pauses at the positions where the respective processes are performed.

In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figures 2, 4 to 6, the casting unit 30, four protruding at equal intervals along the circumference of the turntable 1 is installed, first casting The female shaft 34 is installed in the main body 31 of the unit 30 in the horizontal direction, and the casting arm 39 is attached to the end of the female shaft 34.

The casting arm 39 is installed outward so as to rotate outside the radius of the turntable 1, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 6, in which the turning radius of the casting arm 39 is set at the installation height of the casting unit 30. The mold supports 37 and 38 are again installed on larger and larger casting rods 63 and 64 on both sides of the casting arm 39 so that the mold 45 is assembled and separated between the two members. Because.

As shown in FIG. 2, the casting unit 30 includes a female shaft 34 for operating the apparatus, a casting arm 39 for operating the mold, and mold supports 37 and 38 for mounting and moving the mold back and forth. 5 hydraulic cylinders are operated to operate the casting device, the rack gear 41 and the pinion gear 42 is rotated by the forward and backward operation of the hydraulic cylinder 32 to operate the casting arm 39, casting Hydraulic cylinders 35 installed on the left and right sides of the arm 39 operate to rotate the left and right molds 45, and the left and right hydraulic cylinders 61 attached to the mold supports 37 and 38 move the left and right molds 45 forward and backward. In the operation of assembling and separating the mold, the turntable 1 rotates by 90 degrees and has a structure of automatically performing core insertion, molten metal injection, product desorption, and mold cooling.

The hydraulic apparatus according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, installs the hydraulic pump 11 and the electric motor 10 on the rectangular tank structure of the cuboid, and the electric heater and the cooling fan to maintain the proper temperature of the hydraulic oil (12) is installed, it is a device for generating a hydraulic pressure to operate the hydraulic cylinder of each device by compressing the hydraulic oil by rotating the hydraulic pump 11 by the drive of the electric motor (10).

Hereinafter, a casting process by a turntable gravity casting machine as a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described.

4 is an explanatory view of the operation of the casting unit 30 in the core insertion and molten metal injection process according to the present invention, Figure 5 is an explanatory view of the operation of the casting unit 30 in the desorption and cooling process according to the present invention, FIG. 6 is a plan view of the casting unit 30 in the desorption process according to the present invention, and FIG. 7 is an operation explanatory diagram showing the injection of the mold 45 into the cooling water tank 80 in the cooling process according to the present invention. .

First, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the core insertion process is performed by the mold supports 37 and 38 as the mold back and forth hydraulic cylinders 61 are reversed in the stationary state of the 45 degree position of the casting arm 39. When the mold 45 is connected to the mold support (37 and 38) is separated from the left and right to insert the core into the inside of the mold, the mold back and forth by moving the forward and backward hydraulic cylinder (61) ( The molds 45 connected to 37 and 38 are assembled to complete the core insertion.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 4, the molten metal injection process rotates the pinion gear 42 while the rack gear 41 is retracted by the reverse operation of the cylinder 32 while the core is inserted, thereby rotating the casting arm 39. It rotates from 45 degree to 0 degree state and consists of injecting melt.

5 and 6, in the product desorption process, when the injected molten metal is hardened, the mold 45 connected to the mold supports 37 and 38 by the backward operation of the hydraulic cylinder 61 forward and backward. ) And the product is detached.

Finally, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, as the cylinder 35 is advanced, the mold cooling process is performed when the rack gear 41 rotates the pinion gear 42 to the mold supports 37 and 38. The mold 45 to be connected is rotated 90 degrees, the hydraulic cylinder 61 is moved forward and backward and the mold 45 is introduced into the coolant tank 80 to be cooled.

As shown in FIG. 8, the cooling apparatus according to the present invention has a structure of a coolant tank 80 having a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and a cooler 81 and an electric heater 82 are installed on a side thereof, and graphite powder is uniformly distributed on a cooling stand at a lower portion thereof. A device for injecting compressed air to be stirred and a discharge device 83 for discharging water vapor generated during cooling are attached, and a temperature sensor 84 is attached to the cooling water to maintain a proper temperature.

When the mold is retracted while the water mixed with the graphite in the cooling water tank 80 is attached to the mold surface, water is evaporated by the temperature of the mold, and only graphite remains on the mold surface. It is discharged between the graphite particles on the surface.

Therefore, the ten-table gravity casting machine according to the present invention as described above is composed of means capable of automating the above-mentioned pre-casting process to drastically improve the defect occurrence rate, which is dependent on skill, to increase the maturity of the cast product, and It has an excellent effect, such as replacing hazardous work with an unmanned process.

Claims (4)

A turntable (1) rotatable, a turntable base (20) incorporating power transmission means to the turntable (1), a plurality of casting units (30) installed on the turntable (1), and the casting unit ( Control panel 40 for controlling the operation of the 30, and is installed in the center of rotation of the turntable 1, the control panel 40 is fixedly installed on its side, supplying hydraulic pressure to each casting unit 30 and the control panel Turntable gravity casting machine, characterized in that consisting of a rotary tower (50) for connecting the power line to (40). The method of claim 1, The casting unit 30 includes a main body 31, a cylinder 32 and a rack gear 41 embedded in the main body 31, a female shaft 34 that rotates in engagement with the rack gear 41, and Casting rods 63 and 64 which are rotated by the cylinder 35 and the rack gear 41 which are provided at both ends of the flat side surface of the female shaft 34, and before and after the mold installed in the center portion between the casting rods 63 and 64. Turntable gravity casting machine, characterized in that it consists of mold supports (37 and 38), which are advanced back and forth in the longitudinal direction of the casting rods (63 and 64) by means of a true hydraulic cylinder (61). . The method of claim 1, The rotary tower 50 is a hydraulic supply rotary 51 for supplying hydraulic pressure through a rotary joint built in the cylinder 32, 35 and 61 of the casting unit 30, and the hydraulic supply rotary 51 Friction contact with the electric supply rotary 52 provided in the upper part, the groove-type terminals 53 and 53 'formed in the circumference of the said electric supply rotary 52, and the surface of the said rotating groove flat terminal 53 and 53'. While supplying electricity and not rotating, the pin-type terminals 54 and 54 'attached to the upper end of the hydraulic supply rotary 51 and the rotating shaft 55 of the electric supply rotary 52 are inserted into the hydraulic supply. A fixed shaft 56 to which the rotary 51 is attached and fixed to the upper portion of the turntable 1, a rotating base 57 coupled to the lower portion of the rotary shaft 56 and supported by the lower structure of the turntable 1; To support the relative movement between the rotary base 57 and the undercarriage of the turntable 1. And turntable type gravity casting machine, characterized in that consisting of a tapered bearing 59 to minimize friction. As the mold back and forth hydraulic cylinders 61 are retracted in the stationary state of the casting arm 39, the mold supports 37 and 38 are operated left and right while being connected to the mold supports 37 and 38. When the 45 is separated, the core is inserted into the mold, and then the mold 45 connected to the mold supports 37 and 38 is assembled as the mold back and forth hydraulic cylinder 61 is advanced. A core insertion process completed; In the state where the core is inserted, as the rack gear 41 is retracted by the reverse operation of the cylinder 32, the pinion gear 42 is rotated to rotate the casting arm 39 from the 45 degree position to the 0 degree position and at the same time A molten metal injection step of injecting the molten metal; A product desorption process in which a product is desorbed while the molten metal is hardened while the mold 45 connected to the mold supports 37 and 38 is separated by the backward operation of the mold back and forth hydraulic cylinder 61; When the rack gear 41 rotates the pinion gear 42 as the cylinder 35 moves forward, the mold 45 rotates 90 degrees, and the mold moves forward and backward as the hydraulic cylinder 61 moves forward. The turntable is a series of casting processes consisting of a mold cooling process in which 45 is injected into the coolant tank 80 and cooled, such that the turntable 1 is rotated 90 degrees and paused according to the setting of the control panel 40. Turntable gravity casting method characterized in that it is automatically performed in each casting unit (30) disposed on (1).