KR100314172B1 - Activating device of BaO catalyst to purify waste gas of Lean Burn Engine - Google Patents
Activating device of BaO catalyst to purify waste gas of Lean Burn Engine Download PDFInfo
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- KR100314172B1 KR100314172B1 KR1019990042972A KR19990042972A KR100314172B1 KR 100314172 B1 KR100314172 B1 KR 100314172B1 KR 1019990042972 A KR1019990042972 A KR 1019990042972A KR 19990042972 A KR19990042972 A KR 19990042972A KR 100314172 B1 KR100314172 B1 KR 100314172B1
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- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- lean burn
- bao
- burn engine
- exhaust gas
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 title 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Inorganic materials [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 5
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000023504 respiratory system disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Abstract
본 발명은 린번 엔진에 있어 NOx 정화 물질인 BaO촉매가 유황(S)성분에 의해 피독되는 것을 방지하여 NOx 정화 기능의 상실을 방지하는 린번 엔진의 배기가스 정화용 BaO 촉매의 활성화 장치를 제공하는 데 있으며, 이를 위해 배기매니폴드 후방에 장착되어 THC, CO 성분을 정화하며 λ=1 구간에서 NOx 성분의 정화 처리를 행하는 가솔린 촉매와, 그 가솔린 촉매 후방에 설치되는 린번 엔진용의 BaO 촉매를 포함하는 배기가스 정화 장치에 있어서, 상기 린번 엔진용 BaO 촉매 선단에 압축공기를 분사토록 설치되는 에어 분사 노즐과;The present invention provides an apparatus for activating a BaO catalyst for purifying exhaust gas of a lean burn engine which prevents loss of NOx purification function by preventing poisoning of the BaO catalyst, which is a NOx purifying material, by sulfur (S) in a lean burn engine. For this purpose, an exhaust gas including a gasoline catalyst mounted at the rear of the exhaust manifold to purify the THC and CO components and purifying the NOx component at a λ = 1 section, and a BaO catalyst for a lean burn engine installed at the rear of the gasoline catalyst A gas purifying apparatus, comprising: an air injection nozzle installed to inject compressed air at a front end of a BaO catalyst for a lean burn engine;
린번용 BaO 촉매가 배기가스속의 유황성분에 의해 피독되는 학습치 시간이 경과하면 제어 신호를 출력하는 전자제어장치와;An electronic controller for outputting a control signal when a learning value time for which the lean burn BaO catalyst is poisoned by the sulfur component in the exhaust gas elapses;
전자제어장치의 제어신호 출력에 의해 상기 에어 분사 노즐에 압축 공기를 공급하는 에어펌프와;를 포함하여 구성되어 있다.And an air pump for supplying compressed air to the air injection nozzle by the control signal output of the electronic controller.
Description
본 발명은 린번(Lean burn) 엔진의 배기가스 정화용 BaO 촉매의 활성화 장치에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to an apparatus for activating a BaO catalyst for exhaust gas purification of a lean burn engine.
차량용 엔진은 가솔린이나 경유등의 연료를 연소시켜 동력을 얻기 때문에 연료의 연소시 많은 량의 배기가스를 배출하게 된다.Since a vehicle engine obtains power by burning fuel such as gasoline or diesel, a large amount of exhaust gas is emitted during combustion of fuel.
이 배기가스 속에는 인체에 유해한 CO, HC, NOx등이 다량으로 포함되어 있어이를 그대로 대기로 방출하게 되면 심각한 환경 오염을 일으키고 호흡기 질환을 유발하게 된다.This exhaust gas contains a large amount of CO, HC, NOx harmful to the human body, if released to the atmosphere as it is causing serious environmental pollution and respiratory diseases.
이때문에 엔진으로부터 대기로 배기가스를 배출하는 배기 파이프의 도중에는 촉매컨버터를 설치하여 배기가스중의 유해한 CO, HC, NOx를 무해한 CO2, H2O, N2로 산화 환원시켜 정화한 후 대기로 방출토록 하고 있다.The install during a catalytic converter of an exhaust pipe for discharging exhaust gas to the atmosphere from the engine to the statement after the purification by oxidation-reduction to the harmful CO, HC, harmless NOx CO 2, H 2 O, N 2 in the exhaust gas atmosphere To be released.
배기가스를 정화하는 촉매장치로는 백금+료듐+파라듐을 사용한 삼원 촉매 컨버터가 주로 사용되고 있는데 삼원촉매 컨버터의 정화 작용을 위해서는 엔진을 이론공연비를 중심으로 한 좁은 범위내로 공연비를 제어하여야만 촉매 반응이 일어나 정화작용을 하게 된다.Three-way catalytic converter using platinum + rhodium + palladium is mainly used as a catalytic device to purify the exhaust gas.In order to purify the three-way catalytic converter, the engine must be controlled in a narrow range centered on the theoretical performance ratio, so that the catalytic reaction does not occur. Get up and cleanse.
그러나 최근에는 연료소비 효율을 증대시킨 린번(Lean burn)엔진이 실용화되므로써 린번 엔진의 경우 공연비가 22:1 이상에 달하게 되어 이론공연비에서 크게 벗어나 있어 기존의 촉매로서는 정화능력 유지에 한계가 있으며, 특히 배기가스중의 산소량이 증대 되어 NOx의 정화 능력이 현저히 감소하는 문제점이 있게 된다.However, in recent years, since the lean burn engine, which has increased fuel consumption efficiency, has been put to practical use, the lean burn engine has an air-fuel ratio of 22: 1 or more, which is far from the theoretical performance ratio. As the amount of oxygen in the exhaust gas is increased, there is a problem that the purification ability of NOx is significantly reduced.
이 때문에 린번 엔진(희박연소엔진)의 경우 기존의 촉매 변환기 뿐 아니라 린번 엔진의 NOx 정화용의 촉매 변환기가 개발되어 함께 배기 파이프에 설치되고 있다.For this reason, in the case of a lean burn engine (lean burn engine), a catalytic converter for purifying NOx of a lean burn engine as well as a conventional catalytic converter has been developed and installed in an exhaust pipe.
이 린번 엔진의 NOx 정화용의 촉매로는 통상 BaO를 사용하고 있는데 BaO 화합물이 가솔린 연료중에 포함된 유황(Sulfur) 성분에 의해 피독되어 Ba(SO3)2로 변환되므로써 정화 기능을 상실하게 되는 일이 종종 일어나고 있다.BaO is generally used as a catalyst for NOx purification of the lean burn engine, and the BaO compound is poisoned by sulfur components contained in gasoline fuel and converted to Ba (SO 3 ) 2 , thereby losing the purification function. It is often happening.
이는 BaO촉매가 NOx와 반응하여 Ba(NO3)2의 형태로 NOx가 포집되었다가 혼합기가 농후 상태에서 환원되어 NOx 성분이 정화 처리되어야 하나 BaO 화합물이 유황에 의해 피독되어 NOx의 포집 능력을 상실하게 되기 때문이다.This is because the BaO catalyst reacts with NOx and NOx is trapped in the form of Ba (NO 3 ) 2 , and the mixture is reduced in rich state so that the NOx component must be purified. Because it is.
이에 본 발명은 상기한 점을 감안하여 제안한 것으로서 그의 목적으로 하는 것은 린번 엔진에 있어 NOx 정화 물질인 BaO촉매가 유황(S)성분에 의해 피독되는 것을 방지하여 NOx 정화 기능의 상실을 방지하는 린번 엔진의 배기가스 정화용 BaO 촉매의 활성화 장치를 제공하는 데 있다.Accordingly, the present invention has been proposed in view of the above, and its object is to prevent the loss of NOx purification function by preventing poisoning of BaO catalyst, which is a NOx purification material, by sulfur (S) component in a lean burn engine. The present invention provides an apparatus for activating a BaO catalyst for purification of exhaust gas.
상기한 목적을 달성하기 위해 본 발명은 배기매니폴드 후방에 장착되어 THC, CO 성분을 정화하며 λ=1 구간에서 NOx 성분의 정화 처리를 행하는 가솔린 촉매와, 그 가솔린 촉매 후방에 설치되는 린번 엔진용의 BaO 촉매를 포함하는 배기가스 정화 장치에 있어서, 상기 린번 엔진용 BaO 촉매 선단에 압축공기를 분사토록 설치되는 에어 분사 노즐과;In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a gasoline catalyst mounted on the rear of the exhaust manifold to purify THC and CO components, and purifies the NOx component in the λ = 1 section, and a lean burn engine installed behind the gasoline catalyst. An exhaust gas purifying apparatus comprising a BaO catalyst, comprising: an air injection nozzle installed to inject compressed air at a front end of a BaO catalyst for a lean burn engine;
린번용 BaO 촉매가 배기가스속의 유황성분에 의해 피독되는 학습치 시간이 경과하면 제어 신호를 출력하는 전자제어장치와;An electronic controller for outputting a control signal when a learning value time for which the lean burn BaO catalyst is poisoned by the sulfur component in the exhaust gas elapses;
전자제어장치의 제어신호 출력에 의해 상기 에어 분사 노즐에 압축 공기를 공급하는 에어펌프와;를 포함하여 구성되어 있다.And an air pump for supplying compressed air to the air injection nozzle by the control signal output of the electronic controller.
도 1은 본 발명에 의한 린번 엔진의 배기가스 정화용 BaO 촉매의 활성화 장치를 나타내는 도면.1 is a view showing an activation device of a BaO catalyst for exhaust gas purification of a lean burn engine according to the present invention.
※ 도면의 주요 부분에 대한 부호의 설명※ Explanation of codes for main parts of drawing
1 : 배기매니폴드 2 : 가솔린 촉매1: exhaust manifold 2: gasoline catalyst
3 : 린번용 BaO 촉매 4 : 케이스3: BaO catalyst for lean burn 4: case
5 : 에어 분사 노즐 6 : 에어 펌프5: air injection nozzle 6: air pump
7 : 전자제어장치7: Electronic control device
이하 본 발명의 구성과 작용을 첨부한 도면을 참조하여 설명한다.Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
도 1은 본 발명에 의한 린번 엔진의 배기가스 정화용 촉매의 활성화 장치를 나타내는 도면으로 도면중 부호 1은 실린더 헤드의 배기포트에 접속되어 각 실린더로부터 배출되는 배기가스를 모아 배출하는 배기매니폴드이다.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a view showing an activation device of a catalyst for purifying exhaust gas of a lean burn engine according to the present invention. In the drawing, reference numeral 1 is an exhaust manifold connected to an exhaust port of a cylinder head to collect and discharge exhaust gas discharged from each cylinder.
배기매니폴드(1)의 후방에는 THC와 CO 및 λ=1 구간에서의 NOx 정화를 위한 가솔린 촉매(2)가 장착되고, 그의 후방으로 또다시 린번 엔진용 BaO 촉매(3)가 장착되어 있다.The rear of the exhaust manifold 1 is equipped with a gasoline catalyst 2 for purifying NOx in THC, CO, and λ = 1 sections, and a BaO catalyst 3 for a lean burn engine is mounted again behind it.
그리고 가솔린 촉매(2)와 린번 엔진용 BaO 촉매(3) 사이, 즉 린번 엔진용 BaO 촉매(3)의 전방 위치의 케이스(4)에는 에어 분사 노즐(5)이 장착되어 있다.The air injection nozzle 5 is attached between the gasoline catalyst 2 and the BaO catalyst 3 for the lean burn engine, that is, the case 4 at the front position of the BaO catalyst 3 for the lean burn engine.
상기 에어 분사 노즐(5)은 에어펌프(6)로부터 공급되는 압축공기를 린번 엔진용 BaO 촉매(3) 전방에 분사 하기 위한 것으로 전자제어장치(7)의 제어 신호 출력에 의해 상기 에어 펌프(6)가 가동되도록 되어 있다.The air injection nozzle (5) is for injecting the compressed air supplied from the air pump (6) in front of the BaO catalyst (3) for the lean burn engine, the air pump (6) by the control signal output of the electronic controller (7) ) Is set to operate.
그리고 상기 전자제어장치(7)에는 린번 엔진용 BaO 촉매(3)가 엔진의 운전중 정상 상태에서 유황(S) 성분에 의해 BaO 촉매(3)가 피독되기 까지에 소요되는 평균 측정 시간이 미리 학습치 시간으로 기억되어 있다.In addition, the electronic controller 7 learns in advance the average measurement time required for the BaO catalyst 3 for the lean burn engine to be poisoned by the sulfur (S) component in a steady state during operation of the engine. Chi is remembered as time.
이 피독 시간은 촉매의 볼륨에 비례하며, 엔진의 운전 조건을 고려한 촉매의 구경측정(Calibration)에 의해 측정되어진다.This poisoning time is proportional to the volume of the catalyst and is measured by the calibration of the catalyst taking into account the operating conditions of the engine.
보통 촉매에는 수십g의 BaO가 함유되어 있는데, 이들 BaO가 유황(Sulfur)에 의해 모두 Ba(SO3)2로 바뀌는데 걸리는 학습치 시간(사전에 반복적인 실험을 통해 얻어진 평균 피독시간)이 전자제어장치(7)에 입력되어 있어, 이 시간이 경과하면BaO가 유황에 모두 피독되어 NOx 정화 능력을 상실한 것으로 판단하여 전자제어장치(7)가 제어신호를 출력하므로써 에어펌프(6)를 가동한다. 에어펌프(6)가 가동되어 에어 분사 노즐(5)을 통하여 압축 공기가 린번 엔진용 BaO촉매(3) 전방에 분사되면, 혼합기의 농후(Rich) 연소 상태에서 배기가스 중의 미연가스의 2차 연소가 일어나 배기가스 온도가 700℃이상, 900℃ 정도까지 가열되므로써 유황은 완전히 제거되고 촉매(3)는 BaO 상태로 원상 복귀하게 되어 NOx 정화 능력이 향상되어지게 되는 것이다.Usually, catalysts contain dozens of grams of BaO, and the learning time (average poisoning time obtained through repetitive experiments) before these BaOs are all converted to Ba (SO 3 ) 2 by sulfur is controlled electronically. It is input to the apparatus 7, and when this time elapses, it is judged that BaO was poisoned by sulfur and lost NOx purification capability, and the electronic control apparatus 7 outputs a control signal, and operates the air pump 6. When the air pump 6 is operated and compressed air is injected in front of the lean burn engine BaO catalyst 3 through the air injection nozzle 5, secondary combustion of unburned gas in exhaust gas in the rich combustion state of the mixer is performed. When the exhaust gas temperature is heated to 700 ° C. or higher and 900 ° C., sulfur is completely removed, and the catalyst 3 is returned to its original state in the BaO state, thereby improving the NOx purification capability.
이상과 같은 본 발명에 의하면 린번 엔진용 BaO 촉매 전방에 고압의 압축가스를 분사하는 에어 분사 노즐을 설치한 후 BaO 촉매가 유황에 의해 피독하는 데 걸리는 시간을 미리 측정하여 그 측정 시간을 전자제어장치에 학습치로 기억시키고, 그 기억된 시간이 경과하면 에어펌프를 구동하여 에어 분사 노즐을 통해 공기를 분사하므로써 농후 상태의 배기가스를 2차 연소시키는 것에 의해 BaO 촉매를 피복시킨 유황을 제거하고 촉매를 BaO 상태로 원상 복귀시켜 NOx 정화 기능의 저하를 방지하게 되며, 유황 성분의 피독에 의한 촉매 성능 열화에 대응한 BaO 촉매의 사이즈 증대를 방지할 수 있어 원가 절감 효과가 있다.According to the present invention as described above, after installing an air injection nozzle for injecting a high-pressure compressed gas in front of the BaO catalyst for lean burn engine, the time taken for the BaO catalyst to be poisoned by sulfur is measured in advance and the measurement time is electronically controlled. Is stored as a learning value, and when the stored time elapses, the air pump is driven to inject air through the air injection nozzle to remove the sulfur coated with the BaO catalyst by secondary combustion of the rich exhaust gas. It is possible to prevent the deterioration of the NOx purification function by returning to the original state in the BaO state, and to prevent the increase in the size of the BaO catalyst in response to deterioration of the catalyst performance by poisoning of sulfur components, thereby reducing the cost.
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JPH0633749A (en) * | 1992-07-20 | 1994-02-08 | Toyota Motor Corp | Secondary air control device for internal combustion engine |
JPH08158856A (en) * | 1994-11-30 | 1996-06-18 | Hino Motors Ltd | Filter cleaning device |
JPH08200049A (en) * | 1994-11-25 | 1996-08-06 | Toyota Motor Corp | Exhaust emission control device |
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JPH0633749A (en) * | 1992-07-20 | 1994-02-08 | Toyota Motor Corp | Secondary air control device for internal combustion engine |
JPH08200049A (en) * | 1994-11-25 | 1996-08-06 | Toyota Motor Corp | Exhaust emission control device |
JPH08158856A (en) * | 1994-11-30 | 1996-06-18 | Hino Motors Ltd | Filter cleaning device |
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