KR100311587B1 - Batch type apparatus for treating organic wastewater/sewage - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: Provided is a modified sequencing batch reactor (SBR) for treating organic wastewater/sewage. CONSTITUTION: The apparatus is characterized in that cultivating time of microorganism is decreased, and soil microorganism of sludge is cultivated predominantly in a cultivation tank(10). Also, sludge of the cultivation tank is returned to a grit chamber(2), a distribution tank(5), and a reactor(6) for preventing odor generation. Soil microorganism of sludge is cultivated in the cultivation tank(10) for 24 to 48 hours. Surplus sludge is dehydrated by a dehydrator(17), and used as a soil conditioner. Therefore, odor generated from treatment process is controlled by predominant soil microorganism.

Description

Batch natural purifier for organic sewage and wastewater.

The present invention solves problems such as odors and suspended matter remaining in the effluent from the treatment process by transferring the excess sludge or the return sludge to the dominant species of the soil microbial group in the culture tank to transfer to the settling basin, distribution tank, reaction tank, dehydrator storage tank It relates to a batch natural purification device for organic sewage and waste water.

Recently, a continuous batch activated sludge method (SBR: a treatment method for repeatedly operating a batch reactor) has been used, which is widely used to remove eutrophic substances.

At present, the sewage, manure or high concentration organic wastewater is introduced into the treatment plant operated by the continuous batch activated sludge method, and odor is emitted, and when the coarse substance suspended in raw water is lifted, the decay of the suspended substance proceeds and the odor is emitted. In addition, it pollutes the surrounding environment, reducing the life span of the device and hampering the working environment.

The conventional continuous batch activated sludge method can greatly deteriorate the water quality of the effluent because the poor sedimentation material is discharged as it is when it is discharged after precipitation in one process.

In addition, microbial bacteria are not immediately converted into anaerobic, aerobic, and random microorganisms during the course of anaerobic, aerobic, and anaerobic to remove nutrients. There is a drawback that the change is very large.

In addition, microbial growth is inhibited by changes in the concentration of inlet water and rapid change in water temperature, which leads to a significant decrease in treatment efficiency, and oil and floating residues and bubbles are not only released into the effluent during discharge, It cannot be prevented, which can worsen the quality of the discharged water.

In addition, there is an uneconomical disadvantage due to an increase in maintenance costs due to deodorization and dehydration efficiency deterioration and excessive polymer flocculant input during dehydration when secondary decomposition is anaerobic upon storage of excess sludge.

In particular, the cake in which the sludge is dehydrated at this time cannot be used as a soil reforming agent due to secondary decay, and even if it is landfilled, odor emission and swamping occur at the time of landfill, and excessive organic polymers are incinerated even if incinerated. Injecting a flocculant has the disadvantage of lowering the incineration efficiency.

In addition, since the sedimentation process is low in the sedimentation process, a lot of suspended solids are generated in the symbolic water, so facilities such as agglomeration filtration and sedimentation are disposed at the rear end, and thus, maintenance costs are high.

Since all these processes must be operated by a fully automated process, as all systems such as time unit and level sensor are increased, the complexity and investment cost of various instrument devices are increased. The disadvantage is the need for a professional driving officer with considerable technical skills.

Even in this case, the microorganisms are mutated during prolonged power outages (more than 6 hours), and countermeasures against adverse effects on the water quality along with the odor emission are easily prevented when the discharged water treated by the conventional method is stored for a long time. Because of corruption, there is a disadvantage that can not be used as heavy water.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems.

In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, the surplus sludge or the return sludge is made into a large-molecular molecular weight through the formation of a permeable random soil microbial microorganism in order to achieve the caustic soil closest to the soil, and to bind, aggregate, and condensation reactions of microorganisms. As the growth rate of microorganisms is faster, the trial run period for culturing the initial microorganisms is much shorter than the conventional method, and the soil microbial group predominantly cultivates in the culture tank and is transferred to the settlement, distribution tank, reaction tank, and sludge storage tank. there was.

1 is a schematic diagram of a treatment method of the present invention;

2 is an enlarged detailed view of FIG. 1;

Figure 3 is a detailed view of the processing system of the present invention device,

4 is another embodiment of the present invention.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

1. Raw water inlet pipe 2. Settlement site

3. 4-scrap remover 5. Dispensing tank

10. Culture tank 11. Underwater reactor

12. Terrestrial reactor 14. Underwater admixture

In general, odor-causing substances generated from sludges of various organic sewage, sewage, and wastewater are small in molecular weight but relatively high in volatilization. Most of these substances are organic substances containing sulfur and nitrogen, and are caused by anaerobic decomposition. do.

Inorganic gases produced from the decomposition of these organic sewage, sewage and wastewater generally contain hydrogen sulfide (H ₂ S), ammonia, CO ₂ and methane, of which only hydrogen sulfide (H ₂ S) and ammonia are weak. It smells.

Odor-producing substances often contain sulfides such as indole, skatole, mecaptans and nitrogen-containing organics, where hydrogen sulfide (H ₂ S) is the most commonly known substance and contains organic sewage, It acts as a major factor that causes severe odors in wastewater collection or treatment systems.

In particular, hydrogen sulfide (H ₂ S) has a rotten egg smell and is not only poisonous but also corrodes metals such as iron, zinc, copper, lead and cadmium.

The main compounds that cause such odors are shown in Table 1 below.

These compounds can all be in or occur in municipal sewage, sewage, and wastewater, depending on local conditions.

The present invention is to remove these odors by using soil microorganisms (passive anaerobic fungi) because the odor is generally a by-product generated by decomposition of proteins, amino acids, nucleic acid substances, etc. contained in organic matter and urea.

That is, ammonia (NH ₃ ), which is generated during aminization by protein ammonia, and hydrogen sulfide (H ₂ S), which is generated by mineralization, are the main causes of odor.

The ammonia (NH ₃ ) removal principle is that the ammonium ion (NH ₄ ⁺ ) is ionized by the oxidizing power of the phenol (exposed to the phenol) to act as a salt, the salt is agglomerated, removed due to the chelation of the sludge, cells It is used as part of the growth.

In particular, soil microorganisms (eg, anaerobic fungi) maintain the composition and life of the cells by using chemical energy obtained by oxidation reaction, but because the energy efficiency is very low, a large amount of ammonia or nitrite is oxidized for active growth.

The reaction scheme is as follows.

2NH ₃ + 30 ₂ → 2NHO ₂ + 2H ₂ O + 79cal (158cal)

HNO ₂ + ½O ₂ → HNO ₃ + 21.6cal

On the other hand, removing the principle of H (H ₂ S) causes the oxidation of the hydrogen sulfide (H ₂ S) and sulfur (S) by using a soil microorganisms (facultative anaerobic fungus).

In general, the most excellent in these soil microorganisms is the Thiobacillus genus is attracting attention, and the Thiobacillus Thiooxidans is oxidized sulfur, Thiosulfate, sulfur compounds to make sulfuric acid.

The biochemical oxidation process of sulfur compounds is as follows.

In the batch natural purification method of organic sewage and wastewater according to the present invention, bacteria such as Pseudomanas, Alcaligenes, Beqggatoa, Bacillus, Bac, etc. among the soil microorganisms (pain anaerobic fungi) occupied as dominant species, such as Streptomyces, Actinomyces and yeasts, etc. Eliminate bad smell by microorganisms.

In particular, Actinomyces Odorifer, which gives a special smell to the soil in the treatment plant, acts in large quantities to induce soil odor.

By using such microorganisms, excess sludge is injected into the front end of the treatment facility (sedimentation tank) to eliminate odors.

Since the sludge treated by the present invention has good separability with water and is excellent in dehydration, the amount of flocculant added during dehydration is good even if the amount of the flocculant is reduced or not added.

In particular, organic matters (organic aqueous solutions and water-soluble organic mixtures) are rapidly bound, granulated, aggregated, condensed, polymerized and macromolecules by adding microbial metabolites including phenols and compounds with phenolic exposure groups. , Mass production.

If an appropriate amount of a substance having a large amount of activated silicic acid is added thereto, it causes a polycondensation reaction for corrosion, so the sedimentation property is quite excellent and the treatment efficiency is very high.

When concentrated in a concentration tank of a general treatment plant, the water content drops from 99.2% to 97%, but in the present invention, the sedimentability is quite good from 99.2% to 95%, and the resulting sludge is not condensation, catalysis, assimilation and decomposition. And because it is polymerized and corroded to earth, no corruption occurs, so no odor occurs.

In addition, dehydration sludge has an increased content of phosphorus and nitrogen, so it can be used as a soil modifier when dried. It is possible to reduce the reduction in incineration efficiency and the like caused by the organic polymer flocculant.

Originally, microorganisms generally have antimicrobial properties against microorganisms other than their own.

In particular, through the excretion of the antimicrobial microbial metabolite, the antimicrobial activity against microorganisms other than the species, and the antimicrobial activity against microorganisms other than the soil bacterial group is most remarkably active.

Antibiotics such as Penicillin, Streptomycin, and Loygomycin are cultured and strengthened with a single antimicrobial agent, and they do not have a wide range of antimicrobial activity as a total microorganism that coexists with soil flora of the world.

Therefore, the antimicrobial properties of this soil bacterium are very broad, and it is the same context that all higher animals have antimicrobial properties.

This antimicrobial effect can reduce the amount of disinfectant used.

Since the present invention is to cultivate a group of soil microorganisms, it is not necessary to use a seed agent at all, and the amount of chemicals can be reduced here.

The comparison is shown in Comparative Table 1 below.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

A cultivation tank should be established to create an environment similar to the natural environmental conditions in the soil in which the soil group is best breeding dominant species.

At this time, in the culture tank, the inner submerged reactor and the external terrestrial reactor were installed in each reactor, and each stone was treated by the action of peat, humus or soil bacterial group, and the resulting sludge and silicate containing pumice, zeolite or elvanite. Fill the mixture by mixing.

The filler is an amorphous mass, cylindrical or spherical filler, and siliceous containing the same amount of compressed and solidified sludge of various organic sewage, sewage, and wastewater purified by the action of soil bacterial groups present in the soil. It consists of crushed stone of pumice, zeolite or elvan.

Dissolved oxygen concentration in the culture tank is 0.1 ~ 0.5mg / l intermittent aeration, maintaining a constant organic suspended solids (MLSS) concentration (about 2,000 ~ 6,000mg / l) during the aeration time of nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency Activate the water mixer to increase it.

At this time, the culture sludge cultured in the culture tank for 24 to 48 hours is combined with the metabolite of the soil bacteria and the contaminants in the dissolved state and the suspended state to form a large molecule by the polycondensation complex reaction to suppress the generation of solids. Induces the removal of odors, promotes the removal of organic matter and the removal of nutrients from sludge, stabilizes sludge by preventing secondary decomposition of sludge stored before dehydration. Since the problem of variation is eliminated and the water temperature change is much different, it can be processed.

In particular, surplus sludge or conveying sludge, which is a problem that is difficult to process in the above-described conventional method, is cultivated with soil-like microbial fungi in a random state as a predominant species for 24 to 48 hours in a culture tank (aquatic incubator and terrestrial incubator). And up to 30% in the distribution tank and 70% in the reaction tank (or aeration stage) by mixing the raw water and the cultured sludge and removing the odor from the sedimentation or the removal of contaminants before and after the distribution tank. Odor is made and flows into the reaction tank (aeration tank).

In the reaction tank (aeration tank), random soil-based microbial fungi are mixed among the variations of microorganisms caused by alternating operations such as anaerobic and aerobic anaerobics. Therefore, suppression of scum generation by condensation polymerization, high-efficiency sedimentation, dehydration, and cake It is excellent in synergistic effects such as secondary decomposition prevention, organic matter removal and nutrient removal, and the treated water treated with the same method does not rot due to the antimicrobial activity of soil microbial flora, and generates slimes or films. Therefore, sand filtration or activated carbon filtration alone can be used to achieve heavy water savings.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the method of the present invention can be concretely described will be described in detail with the accompanying drawings.

Organic sewage, sewage, waste water is introduced into the sedimentation tank (2) through the raw water inlet pipe (1) to remove the coarse float by the initial debris remover (3).

When organic sewage, sewage, and waste water are introduced into the raw water control tank or the distribution tank 5 from the sedimentation tank 2, the coarse suspended matter is removed again by the late debris remover 4, and the raw water control tank or distribution tank ( 5).

The organic sewage, wastewater, and wastewater introduced into the raw water control tank or distribution tank 5 are discharged through the disinfection tank 7 by discharging the supernatant generated after the reaction and precipitation by flowing into the reaction tank 6 and then discharging through the discharging tank 8. Final discharge through).

At this time, the sludge separated from the liquid in the reaction tank (6) is transferred to the culture tank (10) through a transfer pipe (9).

Thus, the solid-liquid separated sludge sent to the culture tank 10 is stirred by an acid generator 13 or an underwater mixer 14 in the underwater reactor 11 and the above-ground reactor 12 installed in the culture tank 10. Mixed reaction.

Soil mixed microorganisms are activated by this agitation reaction to release metabolites, and the metabolites emitted by soil microbes and contaminants in dissolved state are coagulated, combined, and polycondensation to make macromolecules organic. The commissioning period for constructing sewage and wastewater treatment plants and cultivating the initial microorganisms is normal operation operation after 15-30 days of cultivation.

Sludge incubated with these soil-like fungi is removed up to 30% in the settling basin (2) and the distribution tank (5) to remove odors in advance, and the remaining 70% is returned to the reaction tank (6) to separate solid-liquid. Induce.

By the solid-liquid separation process, the removal efficiency of organic matters and nutrients is increased, and the sedimentation property is improved, so that suspended matters and bubbles generated when precipitated in the reaction tank 6 are suppressed.

In the present invention, the size of the culture tank 10 is determined by calculating the concentration of the organic suspended solids (MLSS), flow rate, and the like.

The relation for this is as follows.

V = culture tank capacity (㎥)

Q = Treatment capacity (㎥)

BOD = influent BODmg / ℓ

S S = Inflow SSmg / L

MLSS = concentration of mixed suspended solids in culture tank mg / l

(2,000-6,000mg / l)

At this time, when the organic suspended solids (MLSS) concentration in the reaction tank (6) is 2,000 ~ 6,000mg / ℓ or more, the culture sludge in the culture tank 10 is transferred to the sludge storage tank 16 through the excess sludge transfer pipe (15). .

In this state, it is transferred back to the dehydrator 17 and dehydrated by the dehydrator 17.

In such dehydration, a small amount or no use of a flocculant can be dehydrated, and the cake produced after dehydration can be recycled as a soil improving agent because it contains a lot of nutrients without secondary decay.

On the other hand, the effluent water completely treated in the above is filtered in the activated carbon filter 19, and then filtered secondly in the sand filter 18 when the effluent is completely stored in the discharge tank (8). After storage in the filtered water tank 20, it can be recycled as heavy water if necessary.

In the present invention, if the existing facility or expansion, new organic sewage, waste water terminal treatment site site is narrow and can not be equipped with the culture tank 10 facilities as shown in Figure 4 attached to the reaction tank (6. The installation cost can be reduced by installing the submersible type 11 or the ground type reactor 12).

The odor occurrence and discharge water removal status according to the water quality standards of the middle water and the odor sensory method in the treatment plant were as follows.

※ Odor measurement: Odor sensory method

As described above, in the present invention, the first, secondary sedimentation basin and the aeration tank can be minimized from the inflow, aeration and sedimentation in a single reactor, and the required site can be minimized. By returning activated sludge to the sedimentation basin, distribution tank, and single reactor by automatic operation valve, the metabolites and contaminants of soil microbial group become macromolecules by polycondensation reaction, and the growth rate of microorganism is increased so that the initial microorganism is cultured. The conventional method took 70 days in summer and 110 days in winter, but in the present invention, it takes about 15 to 30 days to minimize the discharge of raw water that cannot be treated after the construction of organic sewage and wastewater treatment plants, thereby minimizing water pollution in the water system. Eliminates pre-odors, increases sedimentation efficiency, improves treatment efficiency, and aggregates during dehydration Dehydration is easily done without using a small amount or no use, and dehydration sludge does not cause secondary decomposition, so there is no need for extinguishing and deodorizing facilities, and the treated water has almost no pollutants to ensure tertiary treatment. Thus, the discharged water can be used as related water, and the discharged water can be used only by sand filtration or activated carbon filtration to create the effect of using heavy water.

Claims (1)

In the organic sewage, sewage, waste water purification treatment apparatus, Incubation for 24 to 48 hours in the culture tank (10) to return the sludge to the settling basin (2), the distribution tank (5) and the reaction tank (6) by a fixed amount, the excess sludge is the sludge storage tank (16) through the transfer pipe (15) After dehydration to the dehydrator (17) to use as a soil improver, to remove the odor of the odor from the overall treatment system, the discharge water quality to ensure the third advanced treatment water quality, the discharge water is activated carbon filter (19) and sand filter (18) In order to maintain the water quality of the heavy water by passing through), the reactor in the reactor (6. aeration tank) in place of the culture tank (10) when the construction site of the existing facility or expansion, organic sewage to be established, wastewater treatment plant narrows. (11) or organic sewage and wastewater batch type natural purification device, characterized in that by installing a terrestrial reactor (12).