KR100287411B1 - Method and apparatus for incinerating waste by using freeze pulverizer - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A method and an apparatus for incinerating waste are provided to re-use waste powder as raw material and to incinerate waste powder which cannot be re-used by forming the waste into minute powder. CONSTITUTION: An apparatus for incinerating waste comprises a freezing chamber(2) for rapidly freezing waste by using a freezer(1). The frozen waste is conveyed onto a conveyer(3). Then, the waste is pulverized in a pulverizing chamber(4) at a low temperature. The pulverized waste powder is dried in a thermal drying chamber(5). The waste to be re-used is conveyed onto a conveyer(3') and stored in a reusing waste store(6). Waste inlets(8a,8b,8c) are provided to receive the powdered waste with high-pressurized air. High-pressurized gas is supplied from a blower(9). Six burners(10) are installed to burn the powered waste.

Description

Powder type incineration plant and incineration method using freeze grinder

The present invention relates to a powder type incineration plant and an incineration method using a freezing grinder, and in detail, various industrial wastes are rapidly frozen and pulverized by a freezing grinder to be powdered, and then some of the powdered waste is recycled. The present invention relates to a method for treating harmful components contained in soot generated by incineration by injecting high pressure gas into an incinerator and the equipment used in the treatment method.

With the development of the industry, various kinds of industrial wastes have been poured out.In the early stages, the wastes have been treated simply by landfilling.However, the local limitations of landfills and environmental pollution due to landfilling have been continuously raised. It has become a big concern enough to destroy ecosystems and threaten human survival.

Therefore, in order to solve such a problem for a long time, industrial waste, which is simply a problem of landfilling, has been selected by burning using an incinerator instead of landfilling. Since it is mostly burned as it is in the incinerator, the vinyl or plastic type becomes a gel-like form in the process of incineration, and it takes a long time for incineration because the continuous supply of oxygen is interrupted, and thus a large amount cannot be incinerated. There was a problem.

In addition, since the recent research reports that the soot produced during the incineration of waste contains dioxin, which is harmful to the human body, has been emerging as an urgent task in the process of incineration of the waste. Currently, most incinerator companies operate on a small scale, so there is a lack of cost to install a separate facility for the treatment of dioxins, but even if it is installed, almost all small companies have a limited amount of waste to offset the installation cost. The waste incineration project has been abandoned.

In addition, in order to solve the problems as described above, the incinerator has been filed and published (94-24318) for incineration of waste as it is, but when the waste is ground as it is without further treatment, the size of the particles such as flour There is a limit to making it small, so the waste that is pulverized cannot be used as a raw material that can be recycled.In the case of incinerated waste, because the particles are large, this also has a limit on the incineration time and the amount of incineration. Compared to the situation, the daily throughput of waste did not follow.

The present invention has been made in order to improve the above problems, and by selecting the incineration method on the basis of the incineration of the waste powder that can be recycled to the raw material by making the waste powder into fine powder, but not recycled.

That is, in order to make the waste powder into fine powder, it is preferable to freeze and grind the waste at a lower temperature than at normal temperature. Get the same waste powder.

In addition, as described above, by crushing the waste in the form of fine powder, some of them can be recycled as raw materials and the others can be burned in an incinerator with high pressure gas in an instant, and ashes and soot generated during incineration are removed by a soot treatment facility. In addition, an acid treatment device for removing harmful gases such as sulfuric acid and nitric acid contained in soot should be installed separately in connection with an incinerator.

1 is a schematic overall layout of incineration plants used in the present invention,

2 is a schematic overall configuration diagram of a freezing grinder according to the present invention,

3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a powder type incinerator according to the present invention;

4 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a powdered incinerator according to the invention shown in accordance with A-A of FIG.

Figure 5 is a schematic front and side cross-sectional view of the sedimentation chamber is a soot treatment facility for removing ash and soot,

6 is a schematic configuration diagram of an acid treatment apparatus for removing harmful gas from soot.

(Explanation of reference numerals)

1 ... freezer, 2 ... freezing chamber,

3,3,3 "... conveyor, 4 ... crushing chamber,

5 ... heat drying chamber, 6 ... recycling warehouse,

7,7 '... screw conveyor, 8a, 8b, 8c ... waste inlet,

9 ... BLOWER, 10 ... BURNER,

11 incinerator, 12,12 '... heat storage tank and heat exchanger,

13 CYCLONE, 14 ...

15 ... mountain treatment unit, 16 ... skylon chimney,

17a, 17b, 17c ... primary, secondary and tertiary refrigeration grinders,

22,22 '... blower, 23a, 23b, 23c ... cooling tower,

24 water tank, 26 pipe piping.

Hereinafter, with reference to the drawings will be described in detail the configuration and operation of the powder-type incineration plant and the incineration method using a freezing grinder according to the present invention.

1 is a view showing the overall layout of the incineration plant according to the present invention, if the entire configuration is listed in the order in which the treatment of the waste proceeds, bending the waste to 10 cm or less with an automatic bending machine in the process until the waste is incinerated After that, the freezing chamber (2) for rapidly freezing the waste into the freezer (1), the grinding chamber (4) for crushing the waste frozen and transported to the conveyor (3) in a low-temperature atmosphere, the dried and pulverized waste powder The thermal drying chamber (5), the recycling warehouse (6) for transporting and loading the waste powder recycled out of the dried waste powder to the conveyor (3 '), the screw conveyer (7) is transported by the screw conveyor (7) Waste inlets (8a, 8b, 8c) to be charged into a blower (BLOWER) 9 is supplied with a high-pressure gas and the incinerator 11 is provided with six burners (10).

In addition, in the treatment process after incineration of waste, a heat storage tank 12 for controlling the temperature of the soot generated during incineration, a heat exchanger 12 ', a cyclone 13 for removing ash contained in the soot, and soot Sedimentation chamber (14) for completely removing soot or ash contained in soot by spraying cooling water from the upper part as a treatment facility, and acid treating apparatus (15) for removing harmful gases such as sulfuric acid or nitric acid from soot or ash from soot. It consists of a Skylon chimney 16 which discharges soot, ash and harmful gases from the atmosphere.

By using the incineration plant as described above, in order to recycle or incinerate industrial waste into powder, the following process is carried out.

Primary process: separate and load wastes by type.

Secondary process: Shred the waste to 10 cm or less using an automatic bending machine.

Third process: crushed waste is frozen at -80 to -90 ° C using a freezer in a quench chamber.

4th process: As shown in FIG. 2, the waste frozen in the refrigerating chamber which hold | maintains -35-40 degreeC is instantaneously in 1 second-2 second by the primary freezing grinder 17a at a high speed of 3500 rpm. After the crushing, the second freeze crusher 17b is finally used to make powder of 150-200 necks (similar to the particle size of flour) by the tertiary freeze crusher 17c at a low speed of 20 rpm. Take (3 ") to the screw conveyor (7).

At this time, the reason for maintaining the temperature of the refrigerating chamber at -35 to -40 ° C is because it is difficult to easily grind the frozen object when the temperature deviation increases in the process of grinding all the frozen objects.

Here, reference numerals 18a, 18b, and 18c denote rollers for crushing the waste in the freeze mills 17a, 17b, and 17c.

5th process: Since the waste powder contains moisture, the powder which can classify and recycle the powder which is recycled as raw materials and waste powder which is not recyclable in this process after removing water in the heat drying chamber 5 Packed into the recycling warehouse (6), and the rest is sent to the incinerator 11 by a screw conveyor (7).

6th process: When waste powder, which is not valuable as raw materials, is transferred to the screw conveyor 7 and introduced into the incinerator 11 by air injection, 150 to 200 wood powders are heated at 600 to 800 ° C. within 1 second. Incinerator

That is, the dried powder waste is conveyed to the screw conveyor 7 from the powder waste inlets 8a, 8b, and 8c at the three sides of the incinerator 11, as shown in FIGS. The burner is incinerated with a burner 10, but four burners are installed at the lower part of the incinerator 11 and two at the upper part, and when the waste powder injected into the high pressure air melts and sticks to the inner wall of the incinerator 11, the waste powder is entangled. In consideration of the fact that it is difficult to disassemble and incinerate, the space in the incinerator 11 is set to a minimum diameter of 4M or more.

At this time, as shown in FIG. 3, the high-pressure air and the waste powder are collected at the center of the incinerator in such a manner as to be injected from the powder waste inlets 8a, 8b, and 8c provided at the triangular points of the outer periphery of the incinerator 11. As shown in the drawing, the high pressure air is blown by the blower 9 from the furnace, and the powdered waste is swirled in the incinerator in a whirlwind manner to be incinerated.

7th process: Ash and soot, such as fine dust generated during incineration, are first passed through a heat exchanger 12 'associated with a heat storage tank 12, and the temperature is controlled, and then a cyclone (13) is removed. After passing through), as shown in Figure 5, as the soot treatment facility 30 ℃ cooling water into the three settling chamber 14 is injected from the top through the following process ash and soot contained in the soot Remove

1) The ash in the sedimentation chamber 14 is cooled by the coolant and the ash is settled to the bottom of the sedimentation chamber and the soot is recovered by using a method of floating in a water tank under the sedimentation chamber.

2) In the reprocessing process, when the object sinks on the bottom of the settling chamber, the time control device operates and automatically loads it into a 10 ton container with a screw conveyor (7 ').

3) By installing a cooling water pipeline on top of the three settling chambers 14 and spraying the cooling water by spraying, the soot at 600 to 700 ° C falls to 300 ° C in the settling chamber, and the soot at 300 ° C in the secondary settling chamber. At 150 ° C., the soot at 150 ° C. drops to 50 ° C. in the third settling chamber.

Here, reference numeral 21 is a manhole for cleaning the settling chamber 14.

Eighth process: The soot from which ash and soot are removed from the settling chamber 14 is transferred to the cooling tower 23a using the blower 22 as shown in FIG. In the cooling towers 23b and 23c, the cooling water having cooled the cooling water at 30 ° C. to 0 ° C. to 2 ° C. using a brine chiller is sprayed from the top, so that the sulfuric acid and the nitric acid in each series are sequentially passed through the three cooling towers. Hazardous gases, such as, are contained in the cooling water and are discharged to the water tank 24 under the cooling tower while passing through the piping pipe 26, in which the harmful gases such as sulfuric acid and nitric acid contained in the cooling water are cooled at room temperature. The acid treatment apparatus 15 which uses the property of isolate | separating from the molecule | numerator to form and collect | recovers the same component in a molecule | numerator is used.

In addition, the concentration of harmful gas components decreases gradually through the three cooling towers as described above (about 5000 ppm to about 1000 ppm), and finally, about 20 ppm of soot is sent to the skylon chimney 16 by the blower 22 '. End the process.

Here, the cooling water from which noxious gas has been removed is supplied to the cooling tower again by the pump 25, and the piping pipe 26 of FIG. 6 through which the cooling water containing noxious gas passes is easily corroded by the noxious gas and used for a long time. Due to the relationship that cannot be, in order to prevent this, the inside of the pipe pipe 26 is used by coating with carbon (CARBONE).

By incineration facilities and incineration methods according to the present invention made of the above object and configuration can be greatly recycled as a raw material to recycle a large amount of raw materials and contribute to the national economy, in the process of incineration of the remaining waste Since it is easy to incinerate and handles in a state where almost no harmful components are removed, it is possible to prevent environmental pollution, and in particular, the daily processing amount of waste is considerably higher than that of the prior art, and thus the cost of treating the waste is low, and the initial capital investment is short. Because it can be recovered within a year, it can be recognized as a profitable waste incineration business.

Claims (4)

In the process until the waste is incinerated, the freezing chamber 2 for quick freezing of the waste into the freezer 1, the freeze crushers 17a, 17b for crushing the waste that is frozen and transferred to the conveyor 3 in a low temperature atmosphere, 17c) with a grinding chamber 4, a thermal drying chamber 5 for drying the frozen and pulverized waste powder, and a recycling warehouse for transporting and loading the waste powder recycled in the thermally dried waste powder to the conveyor 3 '(6). ), Waste inlets 8a, 8b, 8c transported by the screw conveyor 7 to charge powdered wastes with high pressure air by blowers, blowers 9 through which high pressure gas is supplied, and six burners 10 ) Consists of an incinerator (11) installed, In addition, in the treatment process after incineration of waste, a heat storage tank 12 for controlling the temperature of the soot generated in the incineration, a heat exchanger 12 ', a cyclone 13 for removing a part of the ash contained in the soot, Sedimentation chamber (14) for removing soot or ash contained in soot by spraying cooling water from the top as a soot treatment facility, cooling towers (23a, 23b, 23c) and water tanks for removing harmful gases from soot or ash removed A powder type incineration plant using a freezing pulverizer comprising an acid treatment device (15) consisting of (24), and a Skylon chimney (16) for releasing soot, ash and harmful gases from the smoke. In the method of incineration of waste, Separating and loading the wastes by type, and crushing them with an automatic bending machine to freeze them at -80 to -90 ° C using a freezer in a quick-breaking chamber; In the refrigerating chamber maintained at -35 to -40 ° C, the frozen waste is pulverized by the primary freezing grinder 17a at a high speed of 3500 rpm, and then finally at a low speed of 20 rpm through the secondary freezing grinder 17b. Preparing a powder of 150-200 necks by a third freezing crusher 17c and transporting the powder to the screw conveyor 7 on a conveyor 3 "; Since the waste powder contains water, the water is removed from the heat drying chamber (5), and then sent to the incinerator (11) by a screw conveyor (7); The waste powder is collected at the center of the incinerator by injecting waste powder from the waste inlets 8a, 8b and 8c installed at the triangular points of the incinerator 11, and the high pressure air is blown by the blower 9 from the furnace to remove the powder waste in the incinerator. Disintegrating incineration by turning the tornado method; Ash and soot produced during incineration are first controlled through a heat exchanger (12 ') associated with a heat storage tank (12), and then passed through a cyclone (13) to remove some ash. As a step of entering the three settling chamber 14, the cooling water is sprayed from the upper 30 ℃ as follows to process the ash and soot contained in the soot; 1) Ash in the sedimentation chamber (14) by the coolant in the soot ash sinks to the bottom of the sedimentation chamber and the soot is recovered by using a method of floating in the water tank under the sedimentation chamber, 2) When the reprocessing process is settled on the bottom of the settling chamber, when the object is accumulated, the time control device is activated and automatically loaded into the container by the screw conveyor 7 '. 3) By installing the cooling water pipeline on the top of the three settling chambers 14 and spraying the cooling water by spraying, the soot at 600 to 700 ° C passes through the settling chamber and the second settling chamber and the third settling chamber, about 300 to 50 ° C. Fall off, The soot from which ash and soot are removed from the settling chamber 14 is transferred to the cooling tower 23a by using a blower 22, and inside the two cooling towers 23b and 23c installed in connection with the cooling tower, a brine chiller ( BRINE CHILLER) is used to cool down the cooling water at 30 ℃ to 0 ~ 2 ℃, so the harmful water such as sulfuric acid and nitric acid in the continuous water is contained in the cooling water while passing through the three cooling towers. While passing through 26), the water is discharged to the water tank 24 under the cooling tower, and harmful gases such as sulfuric acid and nitric acid contained in the cooling water in the water tank are separated from the cooling water at room temperature by using the same components. An incineration method using a freeze mill, characterized in that the step of using an acid treatment device (15) formed by collecting the molecules. The method of claim 2, An incineration method using a freeze mill, characterized in that a part of waste powder in which water is removed is recycled as raw materials. The method of claim 2, An incineration method using a freezing grinder, characterized by coating the inside of the piping pipe (26) through which the cooling water passes with carbon (CARBONE).