KR100279285B1 - Greening method of slope - Google Patents

Abstract

As a method of greening of slopes with extremely low water absorption, effective prevention of loss or scour in weathered slopes, early growth of soil loss control forests, and permanent greening, Deep roots in the middle and the lower side of the bones have good rooting power, and planted green tree stakes as thick adults at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction at the front and rear of the bones, and then thickly laid gravel on the root covering of the green tree stakes. Filling a part of the supplementary soil, between the front and rear piles of wood, put the chopped ends of green tree branches with rooting and budding power, and fill the remaining supplementary soil between the ridges and bones, It's tied with wire.

Description

Greening method of slope

The present invention relates to a method of greening of slopes, and more particularly, to a method of greening of slopes capable of preventing scouring due to loss of soil on the slope where weathering is in progress, and premature growth of soil loss prevention forests. will be.

The rapid development of urbanization, industrialization and leisure industry triggers huge land demand, and the accompanying destruction of natural forests causes serious environmental resistance. Nevertheless, it is inevitable that the mountain development will be inevitable. When the mountain is developed, slopes (cut surfaces) are created in various places, which cuts down the vegetation roots and causes many ecological problems, harms the surrounding landscape, and increases the possibility of a situation in heavy rain. Therefore, the cut surface must be fully healed in any form after death.

It is important to green the cut surface as early as possible to help herbaceous growth and to prevent rainfall from occurring. In the meantime, the greening technology for cut surface has been developed steadily to this day. Effective greening methods for general cut slopes and fill slopes are based on artificial soils with increased baud, moisturizing, and tensile strength, which can be installed with an extractor, or herb seeds on top of which are anchored with an anti-logging net or mat on the cut surface. Placement of artificial soil mixed with oil is done.

However, because the greening method using artificial soil is constructed by focusing only on the fragmentary landscape without sufficiently examining the site conditions, the success rate was lower than expected, and has the following common problems. First of all, the seeds of selected herbaceous plants may distort the ecosystem of the plant without undergoing the herbological examination suitable for the natural environment of the greening area. Perennial herbaceous plants are mainly used for preventing erosion of the surface (up to 30cm). It may be advantageous, but it is vulnerable to heavy rain and heavy rainfall, so deep erosion cannot be prevented. In the case of exotic species of herbaceous plants, due to lack of expertise in seed mixing and management, excellent plant characteristics are not properly utilized. In addition, the existing method of mounting the spring seeds could not clearly deal with the boundary with the existing natural forest.

Unfortunately, greening technology that can pursue both safety and ecological restoration of cut surfaces is unfortunately not proposed. The restoration system [Huh, Park, Lee 1997 MERS: Multi-Ecological Recover System.] Combines the advantages of the existing greening method by taking into account the vegetation and topsoil of the greening target area. Professionalism is required, but it is not ready to accept it. The greening method using artificial soil is a high-cost method, which has a lot of work risks in highland, high slope and hard terrain, and huge transportation and operation of equipment.

Recently, the greening method that has begun to be of interest is a biotechnological greening method. Biotechnological greening is mainly the use of living plants to protect the soil from various erosion factors (snow, wind, and water). It is assumed that plants can achieve the same technical effects as building materials. , bioligical engineering (UK)] (Schiechtl, 1958, Schlueter, 1986).

What distinguishes the biotechnological greening method from the conventional greening method is that it utilizes the plant's engineering functionalities (root system and tensile force) rather than landscape, and restores the environment destroyed by the selection of specific plants. The scope of biotechnology can be widely used in natural environment and artificially created urban spaces that require engineering and ecological functions, including cut and fill surfaces.

The inclined surface can be roughly classified into a naturally inclined surface and an artificial inclined surface formed by a human. Natural slopes are spontaneously affected by temperature, sunlight, water, and physical and chemical factors. Artificial slopes are mostly cut slopes from civil engineering and fill slopes for specific purposes. The object of biotechnological greening is mainly an artificially formed slope. In order to successfully record these slopes, it is necessary to clearly identify the cut surface or fill material and apply the appropriate greening method. This is because green hard soil and layered structure cannot have the same greening method for rock that is easy to weather and rock that is hard to weather.

Let's take a look at the rock slopes that are already weathered or are prone to weathering due to the high erosion of the slopes. This is because slopes that are difficult to weather often do not require engineering supplements and do not require biotechnological greening. It is considered that it is preferable to select a landscape recording method according to the existing greening method for such a slope.

The slope or steep slope that is being weathered is the principle that the composition of the slope should be at least 1: 2 because the constituents of the soil are light and soft. In addition, in order to achieve safety and ecological and landscape objectives of the inclined surface, it is common practice to create the S-shaped inclined surface with various inclinations as illustrated in FIG. 1. In addition, smooth drainage of the earth's surface during heavy rains is beneficial for preventing the loss of light soil. To do this, it is necessary to make a 50cm mound or adjust it to a stepped slope with different slopes as shown in FIG. 2.

Soil with high sand ratio is favorable for plant development of roots because of its breathability, but it is generally dry due to low moisturizing power and poor environment for herbaceous and tree growth because of poor soil content.

Natural potential vegetation in these soils is dry and lacks nutrients, so plantable species are extremely limited, such as pine-tree berry or pine-single-tree communities. Natural potential vegetation is a community of plants that can survive in the region when human influence ceases, that is, when human disturbances disappear. In the biotechnological recording of slopes with very poor vegetation conditions, such as weathered slopes and steep slopes, the instability of slopes due to lack of viscosity is improved, and the optimal vegetation can be selected to achieve the purpose of preventing erosion and greening in a short time. Links to the final forest stand Intensive consideration should be given to the correct selection of plants, ease of construction, availability of materials, low construction costs and low maintenance costs.

The present invention provides a slope greening method that can implement the early growth of the loss and scour prevention and earth and sand loss prevention forest on the inclined surface, such as steep slopes with extremely low absorption or weathering in progress weathering severe loss and scour To provide, deep valleys at the bottom of the slope and in the height direction are planted and planted root trees to protect the roots with root soil so that it grows to become soil sediment suppression forest, and a thick gravel layer is laid on the soil. The drainage is smooth and the space above the gravel layer is characterized by the construction so that it can absorb the rainfall and the lost soil by inserting the chopped stage.

1 and 2 are examples of the conventional composition of the inclined surface with high sand content

3 is a cross-sectional view of the inclined greening structure according to the present invention

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

1: slope 2: goal

3: raw wood pile 4: near soil

5: gravel 6,8: replenishment soil

7: 섶 9: wire

In applying biotechnological greening methods to slopes such as weathered soils, the requirements of plants as greening materials should be nutrient propagation, resistant to physical injuries, high root strength (tension), and growth in poor soils. It should be able to withstand soil cover and flooding, and the main stem should be as straight as possible. As a tree that meets these physiological requirements, rooted and moderately thick green trees are by far the best.

Next, the recording construction method of the present invention will be described. In Fig. 3, the valleys 2 having a depth of 80 cm and a width of 30 to 40 cm are formed at the lower ends and slopes of the inclined surface 1. The bone 2 is a transverse band or fibula. Behind the front and rear of the bone (2) to stand the wood pile (3) at a predetermined interval along the longitudinal direction of the bone (2) and cover the roots with root soil (4) to be stepped on appropriately.

Raw wood piles (3) are rooted, straight main stems, thick green trees, 6cm in diameter, 80cm in length or more adult trees, the root is a living tree with a height so that the top is exposed to the ground when the root (2). As raw wood pile material, it is a pioneer tree such as mulberry, radish tree, cherry tree, oak tree, and white birch tree, and it is easy to procure around the site and selects one or two kinds of trees that can harmonize with the surrounding landscape. Plant it.

Fill the coarse soil (4) with coarse gravel (5). The gravel (5) layer is so thick that its surface reaches roughly half the depth of the bone (2). If it is thin, the drainage is bad, and if it is too thick, the thin layer (7) becomes thinner or the depth of the bone becomes large, so that it is absorbed and absorbed. It is recommended to avoid it, as it causes deterioration of the 吸 沙 性, increase the difficulty of construction, and lengthen the wooden piles.

Partially fill the soil (6) on the gravel (5) layer and put the ridge end (7) between the back and forth piles of raw wood (3). 섶 Dan (7) is a dead tree branch, and the outer material is rooted 30 ~ 40cm in diameter as a strong living tree branch with rooting power and blindness even in soil with poor growth environment. Split to lay. As a genus of sedan (7), dead branches of conifers such as pine, fir, and pine have long lifespans, and conifers do not decay immediately, and thus function long. The outer wood is a branch of alder, willow, weeping willow, willow, holly, kiber, etc. The branches of willow are alright.

And an example in the case of planting two kinds of raw wood piles is illustrated in the table below.

Pd Pd Pd A Pd Pd Pd A Pp Pp A Pp Pp Pp A Pt

A: Alnus hirsuta, Pp: Prunus persica, Pt: Prunus tomentosa, Pd: Pruns padus, B: Beetula fruticosa.

The lateral space between the bone 2 and the ridge 7 is filled with compacted soil 8 and compacted. In this process, special care is required to prevent trauma and maintain posture of the raw wood piles (3), the replenishment soil (8) fills the top of the wooden piles (3) to leave a little.

Adjacent green tree piles 3 are entangled with wires 9. The wire (9) is pulled tight so that it is always kept in tension until the next year to loosen, so that despite the settlement of root soil (4), gravel (5), supplemental soil (6, 8), and volume reduction of the ridge (7), Allow the stakes (3) to grow correctly. And protects around the buffer guard on the upper end of the raw wood pile (3) to which the wire (9) is tied. The construction time is suitable from the deciduous trees to the early spring of the following year, and early spring is suitable for the central region to prevent the East Sea.

In principle, follow-up after the greening of the slope is not necessary. However, from time to time, patrolling the planting site will immediately repair any damaged areas found, and check whether the wild animals have not dug or eaten the raw wood piles or the edges of the ridges. Follow up by identifying the cause (eg, animal type).

The pioneering plant pilings grow very quickly and play a role as soil storage control forests after construction. In addition, some places affect the plants there, and the plants also change the places, according to the theory that the deciduous leaves on the piles of wood and the ridges of the trees are quickly broken down by fungi and bacteria that live in the soil of bone. It promotes metabolism in the soil, and consequently the laxity of the soil, which helps to grow new plants to adapt to the soil. In this regard, it is desirable to select a species in consideration of the types of deciduous leaves that have a lot of deciduous leaves and decompose soon.

In this method, greening and gravel layers are excellent in absorbing rainfall and soil flowing down the slopes in the middle of the slopes, and gravel layers are very effective in preventing the formation of water by helping the drainage of the rainfall soaked. . In the future, the grown tree piles will serve as protective forests that contribute to the prevention of scouring by retarding the loss and flow rate of soil.

In addition, green tree branches rooting and germinating at the end and green tree stakes growing in the valleys can permanently green the slopes of weathered rocky areas where trees are unlikely to grow, and use natural biotechnology to produce natural greenery without using bioless materials. In terms of planning, the recording performance can be achieved more quickly than any conventional natural recording method.

Claims (1)

Digging long and deep bones in the transverse direction at the middle and bottom along the slope of the slope, and planting green tree piles as thick adults at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction at the front and back of the bones, and gravel on the root covered the roots of the green tree piles. After thickening, fill a part of the supplementary soil, and between the front and rear piles of wood, put a ridge of mountain branches with the rooting and budding power, fill and squeeze the remaining supplementary soil between the ridge and the bone, A method for greening slopes, characterized in that the upper ends of the raw wood piles are tied together with wires.