KR100275833B1 - Separated biofilter system for nitrogen removal - Google Patents

Separated biofilter system for nitrogen removal Download PDF

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KR100275833B1
KR100275833B1 KR1019970079676A KR19970079676A KR100275833B1 KR 100275833 B1 KR100275833 B1 KR 100275833B1 KR 1019970079676 A KR1019970079676 A KR 1019970079676A KR 19970079676 A KR19970079676 A KR 19970079676A KR 100275833 B1 KR100275833 B1 KR 100275833B1
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reaction tank
reactor
wastewater
nitrification
tank
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KR19990059469A (en
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김건협
유익근
김동진
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정순착
에스케이건설주식회사
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/58—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by removing specified dissolved compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

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  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
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  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

PURPOSE: Provided is a biological filtration apparatus to enhance removal of nitrogen by conducting nitrification and denitrification in the separated reactors. CONSTITUTION: The apparatus consists of: reactors (21, 22) equipped with a strainer (7) preventing the outflow of medium and an air supplying nozzle (6) for supplying air into therein and a sludge discharge valve (11); a circulation mixing tank (23) for mixing raw wastewater and returned wastewater because returned wastewater is contained with dissolved oxygen preventing nitrification; a pressure gauge (24) for determining backwashing time. In the second reactor (22), the air supplying nozzle (6) is installed in the lower of a media bed (5) for maintaining aeration condition to conduct denitrification.

Description

질산화 및 탈질 반응이 분리된 생물여과 처리장치Biofiltration Treatment System for Separation of Nitrification and Denitrification

본 발명은 폐하수 처리 시스템에서 질산화 및 탈질 반응이 분리 수행되도록 한 생물여과 처리장치에 관한 것으로, 특히 폐하수 내에 포함된 질소를 생물학적으로 제거하기 위해 질산화 반응을 유기물 산화 및 탈질 반응과 공간적으로 분리시켜 별도의 반응조 내에서 질산화 및 탈질 반응이 각각 진행되도록 한 폐하수 처리 시스템에서 생물여과 처리장치에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a biofiltration treatment apparatus for allowing nitrification and denitrification to be separated in a wastewater treatment system. In particular, the nitrification is spatially separated from organic oxidation and denitrification to biologically remove nitrogen contained in the wastewater. The present invention relates to a biofiltration treatment apparatus in a sewage treatment system in which nitrification and denitrification reactions are performed in separate reactors.

폐하수 처리 시스템에서 생물여과 처리장치는 여재가 충진된 반응조 내에 폐하수를 통과시켜 부유물질을 여과하면서 동시에 여재 표면에 형성된 미생물막의 생물학적 대사작용에 의해서 유기물 등을 분해 제거한다.In the wastewater treatment system, the biofiltration treatment device passes wastewater in a reactor filled with a filter medium to filter suspended matter, and at the same time, decomposes and removes organic substances by biological metabolism of the microbial membrane formed on the surface of the filter medium.

도1은 이러한 생물여과 과정을 설명하기 위한 개략적인 도면으로서, 도면에서 1은 여재, 2는 미생물막, 3은 부유물질, 4는 공기를 각각 나타낸다.FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining the biofiltration process, in which 1 is a medium, 2 is a microbial membrane, 3 is a suspended solid, and 4 is air.

일반적으로 생물여과 처리장치는 여재(1) 표면에 부착된 미생물막(2)에 의해 용존 유기물과 부유 물질이 제거된다. 생물여과 처리장치는 반응조 내의 폐하수의 흐름방향에 따라 하향류와 상향류로 크게 나누어 지며, 폐하수 중의 유기물과 부유물질 외에도 질소(암모니아성 질소, 질산성 질소) 성분과 인을 제거할 수 있는 것으로 알려져 있다.In general, the biofiltration treatment apparatus removes dissolved organic matter and suspended matter by the microbial membrane 2 attached to the surface of the filter medium 1. Biofiltration treatment system is divided into upstream and upstream according to the flow direction of wastewater in the reaction tank, and it is able to remove nitrogen (ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen) and phosphorus in addition to organic matter and suspended solids in wastewater. It is known.

여재(1)가 충진된 여재충진층 사이로 폐수를 흘려 보내고, 공기(4)를 공급하면 여재층 표면에 미생물막(2)이 형성되고, 과잉 성장한 미생물 슬러지나 폐수 중의 부유물질(3)이 여재충진층 사이에서 걸러진다. 한편 용존되어 있는 유기물은 미생물막(2) 등에 의해 분해 제거된다.When the wastewater flows through the filter filling layer filled with the filter medium (1), and the air (4) is supplied, the microbial membrane (2) is formed on the surface of the filter medium layer, and the overgrown microbial sludge or the suspended solids (3) in the wastewater are filtered. It is filtered between filling layers. On the other hand, the dissolved organic matter is decomposed and removed by the microbial membrane 2 or the like.

도2는 종래의 부유성 여재를 사용한 유기물과 질소 성분을 제거하는 상향류 형태의 생물여과 처리장치를 개략적으로 나타낸 도면으로서, 도면에서 5는 여재충진층, 6은 공기주입노즐, 7은 스트레이너, 8은 처리수조, 9는 처리수 재순환 라인, 10은 처리수 순환펌프, 11은 슬러지 배출 밸브, 12는 원수 주입 밸브, 13은 처리수 배출 라인을 각각 나타낸다.FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an upflow biofiltration apparatus for removing organic substances and nitrogen components using a conventional floating filter, in which 5 is a filter filling layer, 6 is an air injection nozzle, 7 is a strainer, and FIG. 8 denotes a treatment tank, 9 denotes a treated water recirculation line, 10 denotes a treated water circulation pump, 11 denotes a sludge discharge valve, 12 denotes a raw water inlet valve, and 13 denotes a treated water discharge line.

생물여과 처리장치내에는 미생물이 부착될 수 있고, 비중(0.03-0.1g/cm3)이 물보다 낮은 부유성 여재(직경이 약 1-10mm 정도)가 2 내지 3m 높이로 충진된 여재충진층(5)이 설치된다. 그리고, 원수 주입 밸브(12)를 이용해 폐하수를 여재충진층(5)의 아래에서부터 위로 흘려 보내고, 이와 동시에 여재충진층(5)의 약 중간 지점부터 공기주입노즐(6)을 통해 공기를 공급한다. 이렇게 되면 공기가 공급되는 여재충진조(5) 상단부의 여재 표면에는 호기성(aerobic) 미생물이 주로 성장하고, 동시에 고정화되면서 유기물을 산화하는 종속 영양체(heterotroph) 미생물이 주종인 생물여과층이 형성된다.Microorganisms may be attached in the biofiltration apparatus, and a media filling layer filled with a floating media (about 1-10 mm in diameter) having a specific gravity (0.03-0.1 g / cm 3 ) having a height of 2 to 3 m is high. (5) is installed. Then, the wastewater is flowed up from the bottom of the media filling layer 5 using the raw water injection valve 12, and at the same time, air is supplied through the air injection nozzle 6 from about an intermediate point of the media filling layer 5. do. In this case, aerobic microorganisms are mainly grown on the upper surface of the media of the air supply filter 5, and at the same time, a biofiltration layer mainly composed of heterotrophic microorganisms that oxidizes organic matter is immobilized.

한편, 생물여과 처리장치 내에는 물 보다 가벼운 여재의 유출을 방지하기 위하여 여재충진층(5) 상부에 스트레이너(7)가 설치되며, 스트레이너(7)의 상부에는 처리수 저장조(8)가 위치한다.On the other hand, in the biofiltration treatment device in order to prevent the outflow of the lighter than the lighter than the strainer (7) is installed on the filter filler layer (5), the treated water storage tank (8) is located above the strainer (7). .

유기물과 암모니아성 질소를 포함한 원수는 생물여과 처리장치에서 산화되어 유기물은 이산화탄소(CO2)와 미생물로 전환되며, 암모니아성 질소 중 일부는 미생물로 전환되고, 나머지는 산화되어 아질산성 질소(NO2 -)로 환원되어 대기중으로 배출되어야 한다. 이러한 환원 반응은 미생물에 의한 일종의 호기 대사(aerobic metabolism)로 적절한 전자공여체(electron donor)가 제공되어지는 조건하에서 전자수용체(electron acceptor)로 아질산성 이온이나 질산성 이온을 이용하여 종속영양체(heterotroph) 미생물에 의하여 이루어지는데, 이러한 과정을 탈질(denitrification) 과정이라 한다.Raw water, including organic matter and ammonia nitrogen, is oxidized in a biofiltration system, where organic matter is converted to carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and microorganisms, some of ammonia nitrogen is converted to microorganisms, and others are oxidized to nitrite nitrogen (NO 2). - ) To be discharged to the atmosphere. This reduction reaction is heterotrophic by using nitrite or nitrate ions as an electron acceptor under conditions where an appropriate electron donor is provided by aerobic metabolism by microorganisms. It is caused by microorganisms and this process is called denitrification.

여기서, 미생물의 성장 속도를 비교해 보면, 독립 영양체(autotroph) 미생물인 질산화균은 종속 영양체(heterotroph) 미생물인 유기물 산화균이나 탈질균에 비해 1/5 내지 1/10 정도로 느리게 성장한다. 그리고, 반응속도도 느리기 때문에 대부분의 경우 질산화 단계가 전체 질소 제거 반응의 율속단계가 된다.Here, comparing the growth rate of microorganisms, nitrifying bacteria, which are autotrophic microorganisms, grow 1/5 to 1/10 slower than organic oxidizing bacteria and denitrifying bacteria that are heterotrophic microorganisms. In addition, since the reaction rate is slow, in most cases, nitrification becomes the rate step of the entire nitrogen removal reaction.

한편, 생물여과 처리장치 내에서 공기가 공급되지 않는 여재충진층(5)을 포함하는 아래쪽 부분은 용존 산소가 없는 무산소조 상태에서 원수 주입 밸브(12)를 통해 원수가 유입되면 원수의 유기물이 미생물에 의해 분해되면서 혐기성 상태가 된다.On the other hand, the lower part including the filter medium (5) is not supplied with air in the biofiltration treatment unit when raw water flows through the raw water injection valve 12 in an oxygen-free tank without dissolved oxygen, the organic matter of the raw water to the microorganisms Decomposes into an anaerobic state.

그러나, 질소 성분을 최종적으로 제거하기 위해서는 처리되어 배출라인(13)을 통해 배출되는 배출수 중 질산성 이온을 탈질시켜야 되는데, 이를 위해 배출수를 처리수 재순환라인(9)과 처리수 순환 펌프(10)를 이용해 무산소조인 반응조의 아래 부분으로 주입시켜 원수와 접촉하면서 탈질이 일어나도록 한다.However, in order to finally remove the nitrogen component, it is necessary to denitrate nitrate ions in the effluent treated and discharged through the discharge line 13. For this purpose, the effluent is treated with a treated water recycle line 9 and a treated water circulation pump 10. Inject it into the lower part of the reactor which is anoxic tank so that denitrification occurs in contact with raw water.

한편, 여재충진층(5) 내에서는 부유물의 여과와 함께 여재 표면에서 미생물 대사가 활발히 진행되면서 여재충진층(5)에 부유물과 잉여 미생물 슬러지가 계속 증가된다. 이것이 지속되면 여재충진층(5)을 통과하는 처리수의 수질이 나빠지고 여재충진층(5) 내에 압력손실이 유발되어 처리수 양이 감소하게 된다.On the other hand, as the microbial metabolism progresses actively on the surface of the filter medium with filtration of the suspended solids in the filter medium 5, the suspended solids and excess microbial sludge continue to increase in the filter medium 5. If this persists, the water quality of the treated water passing through the filter filling layer 5 is deteriorated and a pressure loss is caused in the filter filling layer 5, thereby reducing the amount of treated water.

따라서, 슬러지 배출 밸브를 조절하여 여재충진층(5) 하부로 처리수를 낙하시켜 부유성 여재의 유동을 유발시켜, 여재충진층(5) 사이에 쌓인 부유 고형물인 슬러지를 여재충진층으로부터 분리시켜 제거하는 역세척 과정을 주기적으로 수행하여야 한다.Therefore, by adjusting the sludge discharge valve to drop the treated water to the lower portion of the filter medium (5) to induce the flow of floating media, the sludge which is suspended solids accumulated between the filter medium (5) is separated from the filter medium Periodically, the backwash process of removal should be carried out.

이와 같은 종래의 생물여과 처리장치에서는 성장 속도가 느린 질산화균을 적정 농도로 보유하기가 어려운 문제점이 있다. 즉, 유기물 산화나 탈질 미생물인 종속 영양체(heterotroph) 미생물이 질산화 미생물인 독립 영양체(autotroph) 미생물에 비해 성장 속도가 월등히 빠르다. 따라서, 질산화 속도를 높이기 위해서는 질산화균의 농도를 높이는 것이 바람직하거나, 하나의 반응조 내에 유기물 산화균과 질산화균이 같이 존재하고, 또한 주기적인 역세척을 수행해야 하므로 질산화균의 농도를 높이는 데에는 문제가 있다. 여기서, 역세척 주기는 주로 여과층 사이의 손실수두의 높이에 따라 결정되고, 손실수두는 제거된 부유물질의 양이나 과잉성장한 미생물의 양에 의해 결정되며, 미생물의 대부분은 유기물 산화균이므로, 질산화균을 안정된 농도로 유기하기 위해서는 긴 슬러지 체류시간이 필요하다. 그러나, 역세척 주기는 유기물 산화균의 성장 속도에 주로 의존하게 되므로, 질산화균은 점점 제거되게 되어 질산화 속도는 감소하게 된다. 또한, 질산화 단계의 배출수는 용존 산소 농도가 높아 이를 바로 반송라인을 통해 유입시켜 탈질 반응을 수행하는 경우 용존 산소에 의해 탈질 반응에 저해 현상이 나타나게 된다.Such a conventional biofiltration treatment device has a problem that it is difficult to hold the nitrifying bacteria having a slow growth rate at an appropriate concentration. That is, heterotrophic microorganisms, which are organic oxidative or denitrifying microorganisms, grow much faster than autotrophic microorganisms, which are nitrifying microorganisms. Therefore, in order to increase the nitrification rate, it is desirable to increase the concentration of nitrifying bacteria, or since there is a problem in increasing the concentration of nitrifying bacteria because organic oxidizing bacteria and nitrifying bacteria exist together in one reactor and periodic backwashing must be performed. have. Here, the backwash cycle is mainly determined by the height of the loss head between the filter layers, and the loss head is determined by the amount of suspended solids removed or the amount of overgrown microorganisms. Long sludge residence time is necessary to keep the bacteria at a stable concentration. However, since the backwash cycle is mainly dependent on the growth rate of the organic oxidizing bacteria, the nitrifying bacteria are gradually removed to reduce the nitrification rate. In addition, since the discharged water of the nitrification step has a high dissolved oxygen concentration, the denitrification reaction may be inhibited by dissolved oxygen when the denitrification reaction is performed by directly flowing it through a return line.

따라서, 상기와 같은 종래 기술의 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 안출된 본 발명은, 폐하수 내에 포함된 질소를 생물학적으로 제거하기 위해 질산화 반응을 유기물 산화 및 탈질 반응과 공간적으로 분리시켜 별도의 반응조 내에서 질산화 및 탈질 반응이 각각 진행되도록 함으로써, 양질의 처리 수질을 얻을 수 있는 생물여과 처리장치를 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.Accordingly, the present invention devised to solve the problems of the prior art, the nitrification is spatially separated from the organic oxidation and denitrification reaction in order to biologically remove nitrogen contained in the wastewater sewage nitrification in a separate reactor And denitrification reactions, respectively, to provide a biofiltration treatment apparatus capable of obtaining quality treated water quality.

도1은 일반적인 생물여과방법을 설명하기 위한 개략적인 도면.1 is a schematic diagram for explaining a general biofiltration method.

도2는 종래의 유기물 및 질소를 제거하는 생물여과 처리장치의 개략적인 구성도.Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a conventional biofiltration apparatus for removing organic matter and nitrogen.

도3은 본 발명에 따른 질산화 및 탈질반응이 분리된 생물여과 처리장치의 개략적인 구성도.Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a biofiltration treatment apparatus separated from nitrification and denitrification according to the present invention.

* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1 : 여재 2 : 미생물막1: media 2: microbial membrane

3 : 과잉 슬러지, 부유물질 4 : 공기3: excess sludge, suspended solids 4: air

5 : 여재충진층 6 : 공기주입노즐5: Filling layer 6: Air injection nozzle

7 : 스트레이너 8 : 처리수조7: strainer 8: treatment tank

9 : 처리수 재순환라인 10 : 처리수 순환 펌프9: treated water recirculation line 10: treated water circulation pump

11 : 슬러지 배출밸브 21, 22 : 반응조11: sludge discharge valve 21, 22: reactor

23 : 원수 처리수 순환 혼화조 24 : 압력계 또는 타이머23: raw water treatment water circulation mixing tank 24: pressure gauge or timer

상기 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명은, 여재가 충진된 여재충진층과 여재의 유출을 방지하기 위한 스트레이너와 공기를 공급하는 공기주입노즐과 슬러지의 배출을 위한 밸브를 각각 포함하는 적어도 두 개의 반응조 ; 및 반송수단에 의해 반송된 후단의 제2반응조의 배출수와 유입되는 원수를 혼합하여 전단의 제1반응조로 유입시키는 순환 혼화조를 구비하되, 상기 제1반응조는, 상기 순환 혼화조로부터 유입된 폐수의 성상에 따라 그의 운전 조건을 조절하면서, 상기 제1반응조 배출수의 BOD 농도가 40ppm 이하가 되도록, 유기물 산화 및 탈질 과정을 수행하고, 상기 제2반응조는, 상기 제1반응조로부터 유입된 폐수중 질소 성분을 산화처리하도록 질산화 운전조건을 유지해주고, 상기 제2반응조의 질산화 균을 보호하기 위해, 그의 역세척 주기를 상기 제1반응조의 역세척 주기보다 길게 하는 것을 특징으로 한다.The present invention for achieving the above object, at least two reactors each comprising a filter filling layer filled with the filter medium and a strainer for preventing the outflow of the filter medium and an air injection nozzle for supplying air and a valve for the discharge of sludge; And a circulating mixing tank for mixing the discharged water of the second reaction tank of the rear stage conveyed by the conveying means and the incoming raw water into the first reaction tank of the preceding stage, wherein the first reaction tank includes wastewater introduced from the circulating mixing tank. The organic matter oxidation and denitrification process is performed such that the BOD concentration of the first reactor wastewater is 40 ppm or less, while adjusting the operating conditions thereof, and the second reactor is nitrogen in the wastewater introduced from the first reactor. In order to maintain the nitrification operation condition to oxidize the components and to protect the nitrifying bacteria of the second reactor, the backwash cycle is longer than the backwash cycle of the first reactor.

이하, 첨부된 도3을 참조하여 본 발명에 따른 일 실시예를 상세히 설명하기로 한다.Hereinafter, an embodiment according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 3.

도3은 본 발명에 따른 질산화 반응조와 탈질 반응조로 별도 분리한 생물여과 처리장치의 개략적인 구성도이다.3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a biofiltration treatment apparatus separately separated into a nitrification reactor and a denitrification reactor according to the present invention.

도3의 도면 부호 중 도2와 동일한 도면 부호는 동일한 기능 및 부분을 나타내는 것으로, 이하의 설명에서는 그 기능에 대한 설명을 생략하기로 한다.The same reference numerals as those of FIG. 2 in FIG. 3 denote the same functions and parts, and a description of the functions will be omitted in the following description.

도3에서 도면 부호 21은 탈질 반응조인 제1반응조이고, 22는 질산화 반응조인 제2반응조이며, 23은 원수와 처리수 순환 혼화조, 24는 압력계 또는 타이머를 각각 나타낸다.In Fig. 3, reference numeral 21 denotes a first reaction tank which is a denitrification reaction tank, 22 denotes a second reaction tank which is a nitrification reaction tank, 23 denotes a raw water and treated water circulation mixing tank, and 24 denotes a pressure gauge or a timer.

본 발명의 가장 큰 특징은 유기물 산화와 탈질 반응 단계를 질산화 단계와 공간적으로 분리한 것이다. 즉, 본 발명에서는 여재충진조()와 공기주입밸브(6), 스트레이너(7) 및 슬러지 배출 밸브(11)를 각각 구비한 반응조 두 개를 구비하여, 제1반응조(21)에서는 유기물 산화 및 탈질 반응이 이루어지도록 하고, 제2반응조(22)에서는 암모니아성 질소의 질산화 반응이 이루어지도록 한다. 또한, 본 발명에서는 각 생물여과 장치의 역세척 과정을 별도 설치된 압력계 혹은 타이머(17)에 의해 각각 처리되도록 하였으며, 따라서 역세척 주기도 두 반응조가 서로 다르게 된다.The biggest feature of the present invention is the spatial separation of organic oxidation and denitrification reaction step from nitrification step. That is, the present invention includes two reaction tanks each provided with a filter filling tank (6), an air injection valve (6), a strainer (7), and a sludge discharge valve (11). In the first reactor (21), organic matter oxidation and The denitrification reaction is carried out, and the nitriding reaction of ammonia nitrogen is performed in the second reaction tank 22. In addition, in the present invention, the backwashing process of each biofiltration device is treated by a separately installed pressure gauge or timer 17, and thus, the backwashing cycles are different from each other.

폐수의 유기물, 질소 농도에 따라 제1반응조(21)의 여재 직경, 체류시간 및 제2반응조의 반송량을 조절하여, 제1반응조에서 대부분의 유기물이 제거(BOD 농도 40ppm 이하)되도록 운전하며, 따라서 제2반응조(22)는 유기물과 부유물질이 상당량 제거되고 암모니아성 질소가 주로 포함된 폐수가 유입되므로, 질산화가 주로 일어나는 반응기로 운전한다. 이와 같이 운전할 경우 제1반응조(21)는 유기물 산화 및 부유물질 여과에 따라 역세척 주기가 제2반응조(22)에 비해 상당히 짧게 운전되며, 제2반응조(22)는 질산화균의 낮은 성장속도, 낮은 슬러지 전환율로 인해, 역세척 주기를 길게 운전한다. 본 발명에서 각 반응기에 충진되는 여재 직경은 약 1 내지 10mm 정도의 범위에서 폐수의 성상에 따라 다르게 적용할 수 있다.Depending on the organic matter and nitrogen concentration of the waste water, the diameter of the first reactor 21, the residence time and the amount of return of the second reactor are adjusted to remove most of the organic matter from the first reactor (40 ppm or less BOD), Therefore, the second reactor 22 is operated as a reactor in which nitrification occurs mainly because wastewater containing a large amount of organic matter and suspended solids is removed and mainly ammonia nitrogen is introduced. In this case, the first reactor 21 operates considerably shorter than the second reactor 22 according to the organic material oxidation and suspended solids filtration, and the second reactor 22 has a low growth rate of nitrifier, Due to the low sludge conversion rate, the backwash cycle is operated long. In the present invention, the diameter of the media filled in each reactor may be differently applied depending on the characteristics of the wastewater in the range of about 1 to 10 mm.

또한, 본 발명에서는 질산성 이온이 함유된 제2반응조(22)의 배출수의 용존산소가 높기 때문에, 직접 탈질 반응조인 제1반응조(21)에 유입시키지 않고 순환 혼화조(23)에 의해 원수와 처리수를 섞에 용존 산소 농도룰 낮춘 후 유입시킴으로써, 제1반응조(21)에서의 산소에 의한 탈질 반응의 저해가 발생되지 않도록 한다.In addition, in the present invention, since the dissolved oxygen in the discharged water of the second reaction tank 22 containing nitrate ions is high, the circulating mixing tank 23 does not directly enter the first reaction tank 21, which is a denitrification reaction tank. By lowering the dissolved oxygen concentration into the mixed water after the treatment, the inhibitor is prevented from inhibiting the denitrification reaction by oxygen in the first reactor 21.

다음 도3을 참조하여 본 발명의 구성을 보다 상세히 살펴보면, 제1반응조(21)는 종래의 반응조와 같이 여재충진층(5)의 중간 지점에 반응조 내에 공기를 공급하기 위한 공기 주입노즐(6)이 설치되며, 여재충진층(5)의 상부에는 여재의 유출을 방지하기 위한 스트레이너(7)가 설치된다. 그리고, 제1반응조(21)의 맨 하위 부분에는 역세척 및 슬러지 배출을 위한 밸브(11)가 설치되며, 또한 역세척 시기를 결정하기 위한 압력계(24)가 설치된다. 한편, 압력계는 타이머로 대체되어 시간 주기에 따라 역세척이 이루어지도록 할 수 있다.Looking at the configuration of the present invention in more detail with reference to Figure 3, the first reactor 21 is an air injection nozzle (6) for supplying air in the reaction tank to the intermediate point of the filter medium (5), as in the conventional reactor This is installed, the strainer 7 for preventing the outflow of the filter medium is installed on the upper portion of the filter medium (5). In addition, a valve 11 for backwashing and sludge discharge is installed at the lowermost part of the first reactor 21, and a pressure gauge 24 for determining the backwashing timing is provided. On the other hand, the pressure gauge may be replaced by a timer to be backwashed over a time period.

제1반응조(21)로 유입되는 물은 순환 혼화조(23)에 의해 원수와 제2반응조(22)에서 배출되어 반송되는 처리수가 혼합된 물이다. 제1반응조(21)에서 처리된 물은 제2반응조(22)로 유입되어 질산화 과정이 수행된다.The water flowing into the first reaction tank 21 is water in which the raw water and the treated water discharged and returned from the second reaction tank 22 by the circulation mixing tank 23 are mixed. The water treated in the first reactor 21 is introduced into the second reactor 22 to perform nitrification.

제2반응조(22)는 제1반응조(21)와 동일한 구성을 갖되, 다른점은 공기주입 노즐(6)이 여재충진층(5)의 아래 부분에 설치되어, 여재충진층(5)이 모두 호기성 반응조가 되도록 한다. 제2반응조(22)에서 배출된 배출수는 탈질 반응을 위해 재순환라인(9)과 순환펌프(10)에 의해 순환 혼화조(23)로 유입된다.The second reactor 22 has the same configuration as the first reactor 21, except that the air injection nozzle 6 is installed at the lower portion of the filter filling layer 5, so that the filter filling layers 5 are all To be an aerobic reactor. The discharged water discharged from the second reaction tank 22 is introduced into the circulation mixing tank 23 by the recirculation line 9 and the circulation pump 10 for the denitrification reaction.

본 발명의 출원인은 본 발명의 효과를 검증하기 위해 원수의 수질이 BOD 200mg/L, SS 200mg/L, 총질소 40mg/L인 폐수를 기준으로 하루 50톤의 처리 용량을 갖는 생물여과장치를 다음의 표 1과 같은 크기로 설계, 제작하여 실험하였다.Applicants of the present invention follows the biological filtration device having a treatment capacity of 50 tons per day based on the waste water water quality of BOD 200mg / L, SS 200mg / L, total nitrogen 40mg / L to verify the effect of the present invention Designed, manufactured and tested in the same size as Table 1 below.

[표 1]TABLE 1

Figure kpo00001
Figure kpo00001

이와 같은 장치에서 평균 공기 공급 속도는 0.1m3/m2ㆍmin였고, 실험기간 동안 평균 수온은 15℃였다. 이때 처리장치에 도입되는 원수와 각 단체의 배출수질은 다음의 표 2와 같다.The average air feed rate in this device was 0.1 m 3 / m 2 · min, and the average water temperature was 15 ° C. during the experiment. At this time, the raw water introduced into the treatment device and the discharged water quality of each group are shown in Table 2 below.

[표 2]TABLE 2

Figure kpo00002
Figure kpo00002

상기와 같이 이루어지는 본 발명은 종래 생물여과장치의 구조를 개량 질산화 반응을 유기물 산화 및 탈질 반응과 공간적으로 분리시켜 별도의 반응조 내에서 질산화 및 탈질 반응이 각각 진행되도록 함으로써, 종래에 비해 질소 제거 처리 능력이 월등히 향상되는 효과가 있다.The present invention made as described above improves the structure of the conventional biofiltration apparatus by spatially separating the nitrification reaction and the organic oxidation and denitrification reaction so that the nitrification and denitrification reaction proceeds in a separate reaction tank, respectively, compared to the conventional nitrogen removal treatment capacity This effect is greatly improved.

Claims (2)

여재가 충진된 여재충진층과 여재의 유출을 방지하기 위한 스트레이너와 공기를 공급하는 공기주입노즐과 슬러지의 배출을 위한 밸브를 각각 포함하는 적어도 두 개의 반응조 ; 및 반송수단에 의해 반송된 후단의 제2반응조의 배출수와 유입되는 원수를 혼합하여 전단의 제1반응조로 유입시키는 순환 혼화조를 구비하되, 상기 제1반응조는, 상기 순환 혼화조로부터 유입된 폐수의 성상에 따라 그의 운전 조건을 조절하면서, 상기 제1반응조 배출수의 BOD 농도가 40ppm 이하가 되도록, 유기물 산화 및 탈질 과정을 수행하고, 상기 제2반응조는, 상기 제1반응조로부터 유입된 폐수중 질소 성분을 산화처리하도록 질산화 운전조건을 유지해주고, 상기 제2반응조의 질산화 균을 보호하기 위해, 그의 역세척 주기를 상기 제1반응조의 역세척 주기보다 길게 하는 것을 특징으로 하는 생물여과 처리장치.At least two reaction tanks each including a filter filling layer filled with the filter medium, a strainer for preventing the leakage of the filter medium, an air injection nozzle for supplying air, and a valve for discharging the sludge; And a circulating mixing tank for mixing the discharged water of the second reaction tank of the rear stage conveyed by the conveying means and the incoming raw water into the first reaction tank of the preceding stage, wherein the first reaction tank includes wastewater introduced from the circulating mixing tank. The organic matter oxidation and denitrification process is performed such that the BOD concentration of the first reactor wastewater is 40 ppm or less, while adjusting the operating conditions thereof, and the second reactor is nitrogen in the wastewater introduced from the first reactor. And maintaining the nitrification operating condition so as to oxidize the component and protecting the nitrifying bacteria of the second reaction tank so that its backwashing period is longer than that of the first reaction tank. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 제2반응조가 호기성 반응조로 동작되도록 하기 위해, 상기 제2반응조 내의 여재충진층 맨 하단에 상기 공기주입노즐이 설치된 것을 특징으로 하는 생물여과 처리장치.The biofiltration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the air injection nozzle is installed at the bottom of the media filling layer in the second reaction tank to operate the second reaction tank as an aerobic reaction tank.
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