KR100247150B1 - Apparatus for air dehumidification - Google Patents

Abstract

It is an object of the present invention to extend the life of the filter and separator body and to compact the device. The air dehumidifier is a cyclone separator (1), a primary filter (2), a secondary filter (3), and a special polymer that is extremely easy to permeate water vapor and makes it difficult to permeate the air. And an outer casing 5a of the cyclone separator 1 and the casing 5 for accommodating the separator 4 in parallel with the primary and secondary filters 2 and 3. . The cyclone separator removes large foreign substances such as oil, water vapor and dust. This extends the life of the primary filter. By housing the filter and the membrane body in one casing, the device is downsized and installation is easy.

Description

Air dehumidifier.

The present invention relates to an air dehumidifying apparatus for dehumidifying humid air, and more particularly, to an air dehumidifying apparatus used for dehumidifying compressed air for a control device in a ship.

There are various types of apparatuses for the air dehumidifying apparatus. For example, in ships, conventionally, a reheating type air dehumidifying apparatus is mainly used. Refrigeration reheat type air dehumidifier is a type of air dehumidifier that cools moist air by a freezer and condenses water vapor contained in the moist air to separate water vapor from moist air. It has such advantages. However, a refrigerator equipped in the reheater air dehumidifier is usually a chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) or R-22 using a flan, for example, R-12 (CCl ₂ F ₂ ) as a refrigerant. Hydrochloric fluorocarbons (HCFCs) are used, including (CHClF ₂ ), and these flons are already banned or maybe restricted by international treaties, or are subsequently banned or maybe restricted. It is. For this reason, it is expected that continuous and stable supply of the flon as the refrigerant will not be possible, so that it is difficult to adopt a reheating type air dehumidifying apparatus using the flon as the refrigerant as in the prior art. However, refrigerants and refrigerators using them that are not subject to such international regulations are still in development and have not been put to practical use.

As the air dehumidifying apparatus, other types of dehumidifying apparatuses such as silica gel type and seawater cooling type may be employed. However, a silica gel air dehumidifier is a type of air dehumidifier that adsorbs and removes water vapor from wet air by capillary action using silica gel, and has two adsorption towers containing silica gel, and each adsorption tower absorbs and releases water vapor. The operation is carried out as a predetermined cycle to alternately perform. There is a problem in that the apparatus is enlarged by requiring two adsorption towers. A sea water cooling air dehumidifier is a type of air dehumidifier in which wet air is cooled by sea water to condense water vapor contained in the wet air to separate water vapor from the air. It is impossible to cool the furnace and the performance is poor.

Furthermore. As another type of air dehumidifier, in recent years, a high performance air dehumidifier using a separator having the property of separating water vapor in the air has been noted. Even so, for example, since the humid air to be dehumidified, such as compressed air boosted in an air compressor, contains foreign substances such as oil or dust, when such foreign substances are introduced into the separator, the membrane is extremely fine. There is a problem that the passage through which wet air must pass is closed and the life of the separator is shortened. Particularly, when used in ships, parts supply and maintenance work are more difficult than those used in onshore factories. Therefore, the demand for life and reliability of the parts constituting the device is increased. Did not progress. On the other hand, in order to prolong the life of the separation membrane, it is tried to install a filter, but there is a problem that the life of the filter is shortened.

Furthermore, conventionally, in a separator type air dehumidifier, a container, a filter, a tube, a membrane type, and the like, which contain the separator constituting the air dehumidifier, are separately configured separately, and these are installed at the place where the air dehumidifier is installed. The air dehumidifier is completed by arranging and piping. Therefore, there is a problem that the size of the apparatus is increased, and in particular, in the case of employing the vessel, the work is increased in the vessel having poor workability. Moreover, in a ship, especially a ship of a small ship, although the installation space of a machine etc. is narrow including an air dehumidifier, such a separator type air dehumidifier requires a large installation space.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an air dehumidifying apparatus capable of solving the above problems in the prior art and extending the life of the separator and the filter, and another object of the present invention is that the installation space is small and the installation work is easy. An air dehumidifier is provided.

Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view of the overall configuration of the air dehumidifying apparatus (X) according to the present invention,

2 shows a plan view of the air dehumidifier X,

3 shows a cross-sectional view of the cyclone separator 1,

4 is a cross-sectional view taken from cut line IV-IV of FIG. 3.

Features of the present invention for achieving the above object is as follows.

The present invention includes a cyclone separator that is introduced so that the introduced air is sent out sequentially, a primary filter, a secondary filter having a narrower filter hole than the primary filter, and a separator for separating water vapor from the air passing through the secondary filter. It is characterized by an air dehumidifier characterized in that the separated steam and the separated steam to send the air separately.

According to the present invention, the air dehumidifying apparatus comprises a cyclone separator, a primary filter, a secondary filter, and a separation membrane body, which are arranged so that the introduced air is sequentially passed through and discharged as a constituting member. The cyclone separator, each filter, and the separation membrane body are provided with, for example, a casing so that the introduced air can pass sequentially and easily. This casing may be formed as a separate object for each structure, or may be integrally formed to accommodate each structure together. In the case of separate casings, the respective components are joined by a pipe.

Since the air dehumidifier is configured as described above, even if the air introduced into the air dehumidifier, that is, the dehumidified air contains foreign substances such as oil, moisture, dust, etc. together with high temperature humid air, these foreign substances are removed. It is possible to send out the dehumidified dry air. In detail, the air introduced into the air dehumidifier is first supplied to the cyclone separator, and the cyclone separator separates large foreign substances having a large weight to some extent among the foreign substances contained in the air from the air mainly by centrifugation. do. Next, the air passing through the cyclone separator is supplied to the primary filter, and the primary filter is usually a mesh having a size of several micrometers, for example, and the air passing through the cyclone separator to fine foreign matter that could not be separated by the cyclone separator. Can be removed from.

Next, the air passing through the primary filter is supplied to the secondary filter, and the secondary filter has a narrower filter hole than the primary filter, for example, a mesh of about 1/100 μm, which could not be removed by the primary filter. For example, it is possible to remove extremely fine foreign matter such as an oil mixture from the air passing through the primary filter, thereby almost completely removing the foreign matter from the air introduced into the air dehumidifier. Next, the air passing through the secondary filter is supplied to the membrane body, and the membrane body separates water vapor from the air, and separates water vapor from the air passing through the secondary filter to separately discharge water separated from water vapor and water vapor. Can be. That is, the separation membrane body includes a separation membrane made of a special polymer body such as, for example, a polymer, and the separation membrane has a property of permeating water vapor extremely easily and air permeably. Thus, for example, when a tube is formed by a separation membrane and air is passed through a secondary filter in which foreign matter is almost completely removed, the water vapor in the air passes through the membrane to the outside of the tube. It is discharged, the air passing through the pipe is removed, and the dry air is sufficiently low in dew point temperature.

The air dehumidifier has a high dehumidification performance and according to this device, the dehumidified air is supplied to the separation membrane body after passing through the cyclone separator and each filter, and passes through the cyclone separator, the primary filter and the secondary filter, and the secondary filter. Since the filter hole of the filter is narrowly selected, foreign substances such as oil and dust in the air to be dehumidified are almost completely removed, and the separation membrane is not blocked by the foreign substances, and the life thereof is extended. In addition, the secondary filter for removing extremely fine foreign substances among the dehumidified air is supplied with air passing through the cyclone separator and the primary filter, thereby greatly reducing the filtration burden of the secondary filter. As long as the service life is extended, the filtration performance is maintained well over a long period of time. In addition, since a large amount of foreign matter that occupies a considerable amount of foreign matter contained in the dehumidified air is separated by a cyclone separator, the filtration burden of the primary filter is greatly reduced, and the life of the primary filter is extended and the filtration performance is also improved. Good over the long term. In addition, the cyclone separator for reducing the filtration load of the primary filter mainly removes the foreign matter by centrifugation, and the separation performance of the foreign matter does not decrease by removing the foreign matter.

Thus, by installing each filter upstream of the air passing direction rather than the separation membrane body, and installing a cyclone separator upstream of the air passing direction rather than each filter, the life of a separation membrane body is extended and the life of each filter is further extended. It is possible to extend. As a result, the membrane-type air dehumidifier may be practically used for ships requiring high water retention and reliability.

In another aspect, the present invention includes a casing for accommodating the primary filter, the secondary filter, and the separator body, wherein the casing forms at least an outer wall of the cyclone separator.

According to the present invention, the primary filter, the secondary filter and the separation membrane body are housed together in one casing, the cyclone separator is also installed in this casing, the whole apparatus is integrated, and each component is formed independently of each other to form each component. It is possible to significantly reduce the size than to connect the pipes. In addition, there is no need for piping or individually installing each component, and installation is easy and manageability is improved. In particular, the workability of the installation work on the ship, which is a work in a narrow space, is significantly improved. Furthermore, since air flows through the flow path formed by one casing between the respective components, the distance between the respective components is minimized, the air flows smoothly, the pressure loss is reduced, and the air dehumidifier The performance is improved. And such a casing can be manufactured easily by casting etc., for example. Therefore, the manufacturing of the air dehumidifier is easy, and the price can be reduced. By installing each component in one casing in this way, the air dehumidifying apparatus can be made compact, thereby reducing the cost, facilitating installation work, improving performance, and facilitating management. Do. As a result, a highly practical air dehumidifier for ships is realized, and this air dehumidifier is a device capable of replacing or supplementing a reheating air dehumidifier of a conventionally used type. In addition, since the weight is not comparable with that of the frozen type, labor is reduced in terms of transportation and installation.

In addition, the separator body of the present invention includes a core body formed by bundles by a plurality of pipes, and the air supplied from the secondary filter flows through the plurality of pipes, and a part of the air discharged through the pipes. Air is supplied from the plurality of positions at the outer end to the space between the tubes at one end in the longitudinal direction of the upper body formed by the plurality of tubes, and is discharged to the outside from the plurality of positions at the other end opposite to the ends. A path is formed.

According to the present invention, a part of the dehumidified air flowing through a plurality of tubes forming the membrane body is introduced into a space between the respective tubes from a plurality of positions outside from one end in the longitudinal direction of the upper body composed of the plurality of tubes. Since a ventilation path is discharged to the outside from a plurality of positions of the other end portion of the upper body is formed, a part of the dehumidified air is supplied to the outer surface of each tube uniformly, so as to pass through the space between each tube It is possible. Thereby, it is possible to discharge | evaporate the water vapor | steam discharged | emitted from each pipe | tube to the exterior of the separator body which is excellent in efficiency by a part of said dehumidified air.

The cyclone separator of the present invention is installed in a space surrounded by the outer wall having a circumferential surface in the form of a cylindrical tube, and surrounded by an inner circumferential surface of the outer wall, and the inner region facing the space radially inward and the inner surface thereof. An inner cylinder dividing into an annular outer region that is radially outward from the region, the outer wall being open facing the outer region and radially outward from the central axis of the inner circumferential surface of the outer wall in the supply direction; An air introduction hole for supplying the air is formed, and when the flow path cross-sectional area of the air introduction hole is selected to be smaller than the flow path cross-sectional area of the outer region, the inner cylinder communicates with the inner region and the outer region. A ball is formed, and one end in the axial direction of the communication is closed, and the other end in the axial direction is connected to the primary filter. It is characterized in that a vent is installed.

According to the present invention, the cyclone separator includes an outer wall and an inner cylinder, and a space surrounded by the outer inner wall of the cylindrical inner circumferential surface, which is the outer wall, has an inner region directed radially inward by the inner cylinder and an outer annular direction directed radially outward. It is divided into areas. The outer wall is formed with an air inlet hole open facing the outer region, the inner cylinder is formed with a communication hole communicating the outer region and the outer region, and one end in the axial direction of the inner cylinder is closed, the other end of the primary filter in the axial direction The light outlet is installed in the Thereby, the dehumidified air introduced into the air dehumidifier and supplied to the cyclone separator is introduced into the outer region from the air introduction hole, and moves from the outer region to the inner region through the communication hole, and from the inner region through the outlet port. Ejected towards the primary filter.

Since the air introduction hole supplies the dehumidified air toward the supply direction deviated in the radial direction outward from the center axis of the inner circumferential surface of the outer wall, the dehumidified air moves to rotate the outer space around the center axis of the inner circumferential surface of the outer wall. Then, the centrifugal force collides with the inner circumferential surface of the outer wall. Therefore, foreign matters such as oil and dust contained in the air to be dehumidified have a specific gravity greater than that of air, so they easily collide with the inner circumferential surface of the outer wall by centrifugal force. In this way, the foreign matter collided with the inner circumferential surface of the outer cylinder attaches to the inner circumferential surface or decreases in speed, and falls down due to gravity. The flow path cross section of the air introduction hole is selected to be smaller than the flow cross section of the outer region, and the dehumidified air introduced from the air introduction hole into the outer region is introduced into the space having a large flow cross section area, whereby a portion thereof is stagnant. And the speed decreases. Thus, the foreign matter falls downwardly under gravity.

In addition, the dehumidified substance introduced into the outer region is compressed when it moves to the inner region through the communication hole and moves through the narrow communication hole, so that the density of the foreign matter is high. Water droplets are adsorbed on each other and become large oil droplets, which easily fall downward by the action of gravity. Further, the dehumidified air that has passed through the communication hole is introduced into an inner region that is a narrower space than the communication hole, so that a part of the dehumidified air that has passed through the communication hole is blocked and the speed decreases. Therefore, the foreign matter falls in the direction of gravity.

As described above, in the cyclone separator, the partial speed decrease due to the congestion when the dehumidified air is introduced into the outer region from the air introduction hole, and the inner peripheral surface of the outer wall due to the centrifugal force when the dehumidified air moves the outer region. Of the oil droplets accompanied by the compression of the dehumidified air as it passes through the communication hole, and the partial decrease in speed due to the occurrence of congestion when the dehumidified air is introduced into the inner region from the communication hole. It is possible to separate foreign matter by action. As a result, foreign matter contained in the air to be dehumidified can be separated with excellent efficiency. Therefore, it is possible to further extend the life of the membrane body lined with the primary and secondary filters, and can be suitably used for an air dehumidifier for ships.

In addition, the air dehumidifier of the present invention is characterized in that the communication hole is formed outside the area facing the air introduction hole of the inner cylinder.

According to this invention, the said communication hole which communicates an outer area | region and an inner area | region is not formed in the area | region facing the air introduction hole of the said inner cylinder. As a result, the dehumidified air introduced into the outer region from the air introduction hole is introduced into the inner region without moving the outer region around the center axis of the inner circumferential surface of the outer wall. The above-mentioned centrifugal force separation effect can be reliably achieved by moving the outer region around the center side line of the inner circumferential surface of the outer wall and preventing the impossible case of being discharged toward the primary filter. Is raised. In addition, when the air introduced from the air introduction hole collides with the area faced by the air introduction hole of the inner cylinder, the foreign matter can be attached to the inner cylinder and separated, thereby increasing the separation effect of the foreign substance.

In another aspect, the present invention is characterized in that the communication hole is formed in a plurality of intervals in the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder.

According to this invention, the said communication hole is formed in multiple numbers at intervals in the circumferential direction of an inner cylinder. The dehumidified air moving outside the inner region of the inner cylinder moves to the inner region in the part facing the communicating hole of the outer region, so that the rest of the dehumidified air moves to the inner region. Pressure drops. As a result, the dehumidified air moves in such a way as to move toward the inner cylinder in the part facing the communication hole or to approach the outer wall in the remaining part of the part facing the communication hole when the outside area is moved. . Therefore, the dehumidified air does not move to the outer region in the form of a layer but moves intermittently to the inner circumferential surface of the outer wall, so that it is possible to improve the separation effect of foreign matter by colliding with the inner circumferential surface of the outer wall. Moreover, it is possible to stir the dehumidified air in the outer region, and it is possible to remove the foreign matter not only from the air moving near the inner circumferential surface of the outer wall of the dehumidified air.

In addition, the present invention is characterized in that the main line portion facing the communication hole of the inner cylinder is formed by bending its cross-sectional shape concave toward the communication hole.

According to this invention, the principal line part which faced the communication hole of the said inner cylinder is formed in the cross-sectional shape curved in concave shape toward the communication hole. By this. The dehumidified air passing through the communication hole can slide into the inner circumferential surface of the inner cylinder. Therefore, the foreign matter contained in the dehumidified air introduced into the inner region easily adheres to the inner circumferential surface of the inner cylinder, and the separation effect of the foreign matter is improved. Furthermore, since there is no corner portion on the inner circumferential surface facing the communicating hole, the generation of vibration of the main line portion accompanying the passage of the dehumidified air is controlled, and the generation of noise is controlled.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of an air dehumidifier X which is one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of the air dehumidifier X. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view taken from cut line I-I of FIG. 2. The air dehumidifier (X) is a cyclone separator (1), a primary filter (2), a secondary filter (3), a separation membrane body (4) and primary and secondary filters designed to send the introduced air, that is, humid air, sequentially. The casing 5 which accommodates the separator 4 in parallel with (2, 3) and forms the outer wall 5a of the cyclone separator 1 at least is included. Although not shown in the figure, a pressure gauge or the like for properly detecting a pressure difference due to the pressure loss associated with the passage of each of the filters 2 and 3 is appropriately provided. Such an air dehumidifier (X) is installed in a ship, for example, to obtain dry air supplied to a boiler and a measuring device. The air to be dehumidified, that is, the humid air is introduced and the wet air is dehumidified and dried. It is a device that delivers air.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing the cyclone separator 1, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view seen from the cut line IV-IV of FIG. Fig. 3 shows a cross section taken from cut line III-III of Fig. 4. 1 and 2, the cyclone separator 1 has an outer wall 5a formed by a part of the casing 5. The cyclone separator 1 includes an inner cylinder 6 installed in the outer wall 5a including the inner circumferential surface 20 in the form of a barrel and an inner space 21 fenced by the inner circumferential surface 20 of the outer wall 5a. The inner cylinder 6 is divided into an inner region 22 that radially radiates the space 21 inwardly and an annular outer region 23 that radially radiates outwardly by the inner region 22. . The central axis L1 of the inner circumferential surface 21 of the outer wall 5a is provided vertically, the inner cylinder 6 is a round cylinder shape, and the axis is the central axis L1 of the inner circumferential surface 21 of the outer wall 5a. It is installed at a location that matches. The housing 5 and the inner cylinder 6 forming the outer wall 5a are, for example, an aluminide casting agent, whereby forming the housing 5 and the inner cylinder 6 having light and high corrosion resistance It is possible. As another form, the housing 5 and the inner cylinder 6 may be made of stainless lead, and high corrosion resistance can be obtained even when formed from such stainless lead.

The outer wall 5a is formed with an air inlet 5c which forms a part of the outer wall 5a and is open to face the outer region 23, and this air inlet 5c is formed. The compressed air is supplied toward the supply direction A deviated in the radially outward direction from the central axis L1 of the inner circumferential surface 21 of the outer wall 5a. The flow path cross sectional area of the air introduction hole 5 is smaller than the flow path cross sectional area of the outer region 23. In addition, the inner cylinder 6 is provided with a communication hole 6a for communicating the inner region 22 and the outer region 23, and the lower end portion of the inner cylinder 6, which is one end in the axial direction, is covered with a cover (to be described later) A discharge port 25 leading to the primary field 2 is provided at the upper end which is closed by 5d) and becomes the other end in the axial direction.

The communication hole 6a is formed out of the area faced by the air introduction hole 5c of the inner cylinder 6, and the plurality of edges 6c are formed in a plurality of bags at intervals in the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder 6. Is formed. This communicating hole 6a is a long hole extending in parallel with the axis L1, and is formed to have two widths of? 2 for each? 1 in the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder 6. In the bag form, θ1 is selected at 45 degrees and θ2 is selected at 22.5 degrees. That is, the wall part 6b between each communication hole 6a and each communication hole 6a is 22.5 degrees in the circumferential direction in the form of a bag on the same axis, and is alternately provided in the circumferential direction. . Moreover, the main line part 6c which faced the communication hole 6a of the wall part 6b of the inner cylinder 6 is formed in curvature with the cross-sectional shape concave toward the communication hole 6a.

The moist air introduced as described above in the air dehumidifier X is, for example, compressed air supplied from an air source such as compressed air droplets, and the compressed air introduced into the air dehumidifier X is first cyclone. It is supplied to the separator 1. In the cyclone separator 1, the compressed air is centered from the hole 5c of the air inlet nozzle portion 5b of the casing 5, that is, the radially outward direction from the axis L1 as described above ( It feeds into the outer area 23 toward A). Thus, the compressed air supplied to the outer side area | region 23 is rotated and supplied to the center, and it moves moving around the axis line L1 like rotating the outer side area | region 23 in FIG. Moreover, in this embodiment, the communication hole 6a which provided the inner cylinder 6 and formed the compressed air which rotates in the cyclone separator 1, ie, the compressed air which turns around the outer region 23 in the inner cylinder 6, is made. It moves from the inside to the inner region, lifts it to the inner region 22, discharges it from the discharge port 25, and transports it to the primary field 2. The inner cylinder 6 also supports the primary field 2. Compressed air flows into the cyclone separator 1 at a certain high flow rate, for example, 3 m / sec, and the core force based on the flow rate mainly contains foreign substances such as water droplets, oil droplets, and dust contained in the compressed air. To separate.

Since a common compressor uses a lot of oil, it is accompanied by a drain containing lubricating oil coarse with compressed air and miscellaneous dust, and also contains water vapor. And transfer to the measuring device, adversely affects the boiler and measuring device. For this reason, the air dehumidifier X is installed to remove water vapor and to remove the drain, that is, the foreign matter. Since foreign matters can also cause adverse effects such as clogging of the filter holes in the separator 4 of the air dehumidifier X, the primary and secondary fields 2 and 3 are provided, and the capacity of each field 2 and 3 is further reduced. The cyclone separator 1 is provided in order to prevent continuation of, i.e., premature blockage of the filter holes in each of the fields 2 and 3 by foreign matter.

The cyclone separator (1) is basically a cyclone type using the characteristics of the circular motion of the compressed air containing the flow rate, that is, the foreign matter as described above, the conventional cyclone type separator separates gas and powder In order to achieve this purpose, it is necessary to measure whether the separation effect is achieved even in compressed air containing a drain as a foreign substance as in the present embodiment. In the present embodiment, the compressed air supplied from the air introduction hole 5c is configured to flow along the inner circumferential surface 20 of the outer wall 5a, and the separation from the inner circumferential surface 20, that is, the inner circumferential surface 20, is examined for the separation effect. Examine the difference in friction between the air and foreign matter that will be attached and stopped. Here, the oil content that is most contained as a foreign substance is examined.

Since it is difficult to examine the said friction difference about the outer area | region 23 of the cyclone separator 1, the pressure loss h in the air introduction hole 5c is examined here. This pressure loss h is

h = λ × (L / d) × (v ² / 2g). (One)

It may be indicated by. From here,

λ: frictional resistance (corresponds to the pressure loss coefficient)

ℓ: length of air hole

d: inner diameter of air inlet

v: flow rate

g: gravitational acceleration

Since the frictional resistance is constant except for the frictional resistance λ, the pressure loss h differs from the air and oil only by the frictional resistance λ. This frictional resistance?

lambda = 0.3164 / Re ^1/4 . (2)

Is given. From here,

Re is Reynolds constant.

The Reynolds constant Re is obtained based on the following conditions.

Compressed air temperature t = 30 ℃ (whole air containing oil)

Compressed air pressure P = 7㎏ / ㎠G (whole air containing oil)

Flow rate of compressed air Q = 50㎥ / hour (whole air containing oil)

Kinematic viscosity of air ν ₁ = 0.166 × 10 ^-4 ㎡ / sec (air only)

Specific gravity of air γ ₁ = 1.13㎏ / ㎥ (air only, at atmospheric pressure)

Kinematic Viscosity of Oil ν ₀ = 0.600 × 10 ^-4 ㎡ / s

Specific gravity of air γ ₀ = 860.00㎏ / ㎥

The flow rate v of air (containing oil) found in the air specific weight γ _a and the air introduction hole 5c under pressure is represented by R as a gas constant,

γ _a = P / (R × T) = {(7 + 1.033) × 10 ⁴ } / {29.27 × (273 + 30)}

= 9.05 kg / m 3. (3)

v = {50 × (1 / 9.05)} / {(π / 4) × 0.025 ² × 3600)}

= 3.13 m / sec. (4)

to be. In addition, the physical properties of the air under pressure, that is, the viscosity μ _a and the mass velocity G _a ,

μ _a = v ₁ x gamma ₁ = 0.188 x 10 ^-4 kg / m sec. (5)

G _a = v x gamma a = 28.3 kg / m 2 sec. (6)

to be. The Reynolds constant Re _a of air and Reynolds constant Re ₀ of oil obtained from

Re _a = (Ga × D) / μa

= (28.3 × 0.025) /0.188 × 10 ^-4

≒ 37600. (7)

Re ₀ = (v × D) / ν ₀

= (3.13 × 0.025) /0.6 × 10 ⁴

= 1304

to be. Substituting Reynolds constants Re _a , Re ₀ of these in equation (2), the frictional resistance λ _{a of} air and the frictional resistance λ ₀ of oil are

λ _a = 0.3164 / Re _a ^1/4 ≒ 0.0227. (8)

λ ₀ = 0.3164 / Re ₀ ^1/4 ≒ 0.0527. (9)

Becomes

λ _a : λ _{0 0} 1: 2.3. 10

Becomes Thereby, the relationship between the pressure loss h _a of air and the pressure loss h ₀ of oil is

h _a : h ₀ ≒ 1: 2.3. (11)

Becomes Such pressure loss h _a , h ₀ is considered to be almost the same in each outer region 23. It is clear from the relation of each of the pressure loss h _a , h _{0 that} the oil side is resisted from the inner circumferential surface 20 rather than the air in the outer region 23, whereby the oil has a lower speed than the air, The oil is separated from the air by gravity and easily falling off.

In addition, the force F pressurized toward the inner circumferential surface 20 by the centrifugal force accompanying the circular motion makes the specific weight m and the acceleration a,

F = m × a... (12)

Is given by Since the force F _a and the force F ₀ of the air are constant because the acceleration a is constant, it differs only by the difference between the specific weight m, that is, the specific weight γ _{a of the} air and the specific weight γ ₀ of the oil. The relationship between the specific weight γ _a and the specific weight γ _{0 of the} oil is

γ _a : γ ₀ = 9.05: 860 ≒ 1: 95. (13)

to be. Thereby, the relationship between the force F _a received by air and the force F ₀ received by oil is

F _a : F ₀ ≒ 1: 95. (14)

Becomes In reality, the oil is in a mixed state, and there is no difference in the degree indicated between the equations (13) and (14), but it is clear that there is a difference between the force F _a and the force F ₀ received by the air. It is clear that the oil side receives greater frictional resistance from the inner circumferential surface 20 than the air due to the difference between the force F _a and the force F ₀ received from the air. Attempts to stay at the speed drops and falls easily under the action of gravity. That is, the oil is separated from the air. In this way, it is confirmed that the cyclone separator 1 can separate foreign substances such as oil from the compressed air.

Thus, in the cyclone separator 1 of this embodiment, compressed air collides with the inner peripheral surface of the outer wall 5a by centrifugal force. Therefore, foreign matters such as oil and dust impregnated in the compressed air have a specific gravity greater than that of air, and thus, they easily collide with the inner circumferential surface 20 of the outer wall 5a by centrifugal force as described above. In this way, the foreign matter that has collided with the inner circumferential surface 20 of the outer wall 5a adheres to the inner circumferential surface 20 or drops in speed and falls downward under gravity. In addition, the flow path cross-sectional area of the air introduction hole 5c is selected smaller than the flow path cross-sectional area of the outer area 23, and the compressed air introduced from the air introduction hole 5c into the outer area 23 is introduced into a space having a large flow path cross-sectional area. By doing so, a part of it is blocked and the speed decreases. Thus, the foreign matter falls downwardly under gravity.

Furthermore, the compressed air introduced into the outer region 23 moves to the inner region 22 through the communicating hole 6a, and is compressed when moving through the narrow communicating hole 6a. Becomes high, whereby water droplets of oil come into contact with each other to adsorb and become water droplets of large oil, and fall easily downward by the action of gravity. Furthermore, the compressed air passing through the communication hole 6a is introduced into the inner region 22 which becomes a narrower space than the communication hole 6a, and a part of the compressed air passing through the communication hole 6a is blocked and the speed is increased. Lowers. Thus, the foreign matter falls downwardly under gravity.

As described above, in the cyclone separator 1, when the compressed air is introduced into the outer region 23 from the air introduction hole 5c, the partial speed decrease due to the occurrence of congestion, and the compressed air moves the outer region 23 Impingement on the inner circumferential surface 20 of the outer wall 5a by centrifugal force, enlargement of the oil droplet accompanying compression when the compressed air passes through the communicating hole 6a, and the compressed air from the communicating hole 6a to the inner region. It is possible to separate foreign matters by the four actions of partial speed reduction due to the occurrence of congestion when introduced into (22), and the most efficient foreign matters such as oil and dust contained in compressed air It is possible to separate and remove.

In addition, the communication hole 6a is not formed in the region facing the air introduction hole 5c of the inner cylinder 6, and compressed air causes the outer region 23 of the inner circumferential surface 20 of the outer wall 5a. It is prevented from being introduced into the inner region 22 without being rotated around the central axis and prevented from being discharged toward the primary filter, and by the action of the centrifugal force accompanying the rotation of the outer region 23, It is possible to achieve the separation effect certainly, and the separation effect of foreign matter is improved. Moreover, when compressed air collides with the area | region faced by the air introduction hole 5c of the inner cylinder 6, it is also possible to attach and isolate a foreign material with the inner cylinder 6, and this also improves the separation effect of a foreign material. .

Furthermore, the communication hole 6a is formed in plural at intervals in the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder 6, and the compressed air for rotating the outer region 23 faces the communication hole 6a of the outer region 23. In FIG. 3, since portions of the compressed air move to the inner region 22, as indicated by the actual symbols B1 to B4 in FIG. 3, the pressure is higher than the remaining portion of the portion facing the communication hole 6a of the outer region 23. Lowers. As a result, the compressed air moves in the direction facing the inner cylinder 6 in the part facing the communication hole 6a when moving the outer region, and the outer wall 5a in the remaining part of the part facing the communication hole 6a. It moves steadily as indicated by the symbol C in FIG. 3. Therefore, since the compressed air becomes a layer and does not simply move the outer region 23 in circular motion, but moves intermittently to the inner circumferential surface 20 of the outer wall 5a, the compressed air moves to the inner circumferential surface 20 of the outer wall 5a. It is possible to increase the separation effect of foreign matter by collision. In addition, it is possible to stir the compressed air in the outer region 22, and it is possible to remove foreign matter from the whole as well as air rotating near the inner circumferential surface 20 of the outer wall 5a of the compressed air. In particular, in this embodiment, the communication holes 6a and the like form a gap, and when the compressed air rotates the outer region 23, the pressure changes at regular intervals, making it easier to meander as described above.

Moreover, the main line part 6c which faces the communication hole 6a of the said inner cylinder 6 is formed in the cross-sectional shape curved in concave shape toward the communication hole 6a, and the compressed air is indicated by actual code B1, B4. As indicated, it is possible to slip back into the inner circumferential surface 27 of the inner cylinder 6. Therefore, foreign matter containing the compressed air introduced into the inner region 22 easily adheres to the inner circumferential surface 27 of the inner cylinder 6, and the separation effect of the foreign matter is improved. Furthermore, since the main portion 6c facing the communication hole 6a has no edge, the generation of vibration of the main portion 6c accompanying the passage of the compressed air is controlled, and the generation of noise is controlled.

Here, in the present embodiment, each communication hole 6a is formed at equal intervals, but in a different form, each communication hole 6a is formed at different intervals each time, and the outer region 23 is steadily moving forward. The rotating compressed air may easily collide with the wall portion 6b of the inner cylinder 6. This prevents the compressed air from moving to the inner region 22 while containing a large amount of foreign matter. Each communication hole 6a is formed of a long hole extending in parallel with the axis L1, but may be formed in a spiral shape so as to be in a twisted position with respect to the axis L1 in another form, and may be circular, elliptical, or As a hole having a polygonal shape or the like, such a hole may be formed at intervals in the circumferential direction and formed in a plurality of rows in the axial direction. Even in such a case, it is possible to achieve the same effect of meandering compressed air as described above.

In another embodiment, at least one of the outer circumferential surface 26 and the inner circumferential surface 27 of the inner cylinder 6 parallel to the inner circumferential surface 20 of the outer wall 5a may be attached to a material to which foreign matter such as oil easily adheres. May be formed, and foreign matters such as oil may easily adhere to increase the separation effect of the foreign matters. Further, in another aspect, the at least one surface is roughened, or a small protrusion is provided on the at least one surface to easily attach foreign substances such as oil to improve the separation effect of the foreign substances. You may do so.

The primary filter 2 is supplied with compressed air discharged from the cyclone separator 1. The primary filter 2 is made of cotton chips having a filter pore size of several micrometers, and in this embodiment, 3 micrometers, and has a small size of oil droplets, water, dust, etc. that were not possible to be removed by the cyclone separator 1. Among the foreign substances, foreign substances having a size larger than 3 μm are removed. In this case, since the foreign matter of large size is removed by the cyclone separator 1, the filtration load of the primary filter 2 and the contamination by the removed foreign material are greatly reduced. As a result, the life of the primary filter 2 is longer than before, and it is expected to be at least 2 years. Moreover, the primary filter 2 is formed in the upper part of the cyclone separator 1, becomes the height of the same grade as the secondary filter 3 in both directions, and these are summed up compactly as a whole. In addition, since the compressed air passing through the cyclone separator 1 is supplied to the inside of the primary filter 2 and passed through the primary filter to be discharged to the outside, the flow of air is smooth and the pressure loss is 0.5 kgf. It becomes a small value of about / cm 2. The primary filter 2 is detached by removing the cover 5d designed at the bottom of the cyclone separator 1. The cover 5d is provided with a drain remover 7 for discharging oil and the like removed from the cyclone separator 1 and the primary filter 2.

The secondary filter 3 is supplied with compressed air discharged from the primary filter 2. The secondary filter 3 is made of glass fiber having a filter pore size of about 1/100 탆 and 0.01 탆 in this form, and captures and removes fine foreign substances such as oil mixtures that were not removed from the primary filter 2. . In this case, since the foreign matter is sufficiently removed from the cyclone separator 1 and the primary filter 2, the secondary filter 3 has a long service life of about 6 years because the filtration burden thereof is small. Foreign substances, such as the captured oil mixture, are gathered together and are allerified, and are discharged from a drain remover (not shown) provided at the bottom of the casing 5. The secondary filter 3 is attached and detached by removing the upper lid 5e.

The separator 4 is supplied with compressed air that has passed through the secondary filter 3. The separator 4 is in a state in which the aluminum case 41 is housed in a casing composed of a casing body 5h and a cylinder 5f coupled thereto and is almost uniformly housed in the aluminum case 41 (Fig. 1). It is formed by containing the membrane tube 42 which is a tube formed in many inner phases, and the inlet and outlet support bodies 43 and 44 which adhere and support these. Although each support body 43 and 44 is only the space in each membrane tube 42, each membrane tube 42 is supported so that it may communicate externally. In other words, the space between the membrane tubes 42 does not communicate with each other through the support bodies 43 and 44. The membrane tube 42 is a thin tube made of a polyamide membrane having a diameter (inner diameter) of about 0.3 mm and a length of about 600 mm, and they form a bundle of about a thousand. Polyamide membranes are an example of a material that can separate water vapor from air, and have a property of permeating wet air with a certain pressure, but the permeation rate of the water vapor in the wet air is inferior to the permeation rate of dry air (nitrogen and oxygen). Hundreds of times the nature. As a result, when the compressed air which has passed through the secondary filter 3 which is wet air into the membrane tube 42 which consists of such a polyamide film | membrane at such a suitable pressure and a flow rate to exhibit the above-mentioned property, dry air, Proceeds in each membrane tube 42, the water vapor is pushed out of each membrane tube, it is possible to separate and remove the water vapor from the compressed air passed through the secondary filter (3).

In the upper end of the cylinder 5f, an air cylinder for supplying air that has passed through each membrane tube 42 to the space between the membrane tubes 42 from the outside at an upper position of the inner body of each membrane tube 42. The furnace 8 is open. In addition, an air passage 9 is formed at a position corresponding to the lower portion of the inner shell of each membrane tube 42 of the casing body 5h, and a discharge pipe 9a is connected to the air passage 9. A needle plate 10 is inserted into the air passage 8, and the needle plate 10 is a plate for adjusting the flow path cross-sectional area of the air passage 8. In the aluminum case 41, perforations 41a are formed in communication with the air passages 8 and 9 in the vicinity of the longitudinal ends of the inner body of each membrane tube 42, respectively. Each perforation 41a is formed at least at each of two long sides along a straight line of the aluminum case, that is, at positions opposite to the longitudinal ends of the inner body of each membrane tube 42, ie, as shown in the figure. As another form, three long, four long or more may be formed in the longitudinal direction both ends of the inner body of each membrane tube 42. Thus, a part of the air which flowed through the middle of each membrane tube 42 is introduce | transduced into the space | interval between each membrane tube 42 from the multiple position of the outer side of one end part in the longitudinal direction of the inner body of each membrane tube 42, and each membrane A ventilation path is discharged to the outside from a plurality of positions of the other end portion on the opposite side to the one end portion in the longitudinal direction of the inner body of the tube 42. This ventilation path is constituted by air passages 8, 9 and the like.

When the compressed air having passed through the secondary filter 3 into each of the membrane tubes 42 opened to one end of the inlet support 43 is provided by the separator 4 having such a configuration, the compressed air By pressure, only the water vapor in the compressed air passes through the membrane forming the membrane tube 42 and is pushed into the space between the membrane tubes 42 other than the membrane tube 42, and the compression supplied into each membrane tube 42 is applied. The air is dried dry air by removing the steam portion, and is discharged from the separation membrane body 4 through the portion of the outlet support 44, that is, the dry air is discharged through the outlet nozzle portion 5g (X). Are transported from.

On the other hand, a part of the dry air is introduced into the air passage 8 as purge air, and through the upper hole 41a opened by the aluminum case 41 to the space between each membrane tube 42 of the membrane body 4. It is introduced and flows in the direction opposite to the inside of each membrane tube 42, absorbs the water vapor permeate | transmitted outward from each inside of each membrane tube 42, and discharge pipe 9a through the lower hole 41a and the air passage 9 Is discharged from. By passing the purge air through the ventilation path as described above, the upper body of the membrane tube 42 is regenerated without containing water, and the membrane tube 42 continuously removes and removes water, that is, water vapor. It becomes possible. In FIG. 1, the flow of compressed air from the secondary filter 3 is shown by the long arrow D, and the flow of purge air is shown by the short arrow E. In FIG.

As the purge air, the dry air discharged from the separation membrane body 4 is introduced from a plurality of positions of the upper portion of the separation membrane body 4 and discharged from the plurality of positions of the lower portion, so that the purge air is discharged from each membrane tube 42. It is made to be uniformly in contact with the whole, and it is possible to sufficiently capture the water vapor pushed out of each membrane tube 42 by the purge air. As a result, the regeneration efficiency of each membrane tube 42 is extremely good. In addition, as shown in the figure, by arranging the air passage 8, the air passage 9, and the discharge pipe 9a at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the separation membrane body 4, it is possible to make the purge air flow even more uniform. .

The dryness of the dry air sent out from the air dehumidifier X is generally stabilized by the air pressure and the purge air amount in the membrane tube 42. However, in order to have excellent regeneration efficiency as described above, for example, pressure 9 To treat air having a saturation humidity of 40 ° C. as kgf / cm 2 G, if the purge air amount is about 10% of the introduced air amount, it is possible to dehumidify until the dew point temperature of the air to be sent is about -20 ° C.

Since the compressed air supplied to the separation membrane body 4 is sufficiently pretreated by the cyclone separator 1 and the primary and secondary filters 3, foreign substances such as oil are almost completely removed, so that the membrane tube 42 is long. It has a lifespan, for example, can be fully used also for ships.

The present invention can be implemented in various other forms without departing from the spirit or main features thereof. Therefore, the above-described embodiment is merely a mere illustration in all respects, and the scope of the present invention is shown in the claims, and is not limited in the text of the specification at all.

Moreover, modifications and variations that fall within the scope of the claims are within the scope of all the inventions.

According to the present invention, the cyclone separator 1, the primary and secondary filters 2 and 3, and the membrane body 4, which are components of the air dehumidifier X, are arranged in one integrated casing 5 as a whole. . In this way, the entire air dehumidifier X is miniaturized and compactly combined, and a part of the casing 5 can be used as the outer wall 5a of the cyclone separator 1, and an installation place of the air dehumidifier X is provided. The installation work for each component and the piping work between the components are not necessary, and the performance of reducing the pressure loss can be improved by smoothly and the shortest flow of air between the components. ) Can be completed in a single manufacturing place, and many effects are obtained, such as easy management of the performance of the device and provision of the product. In the case where the dehumidifier is mounted on a ship, the present invention takes into account that the narrowness of the arrangement space of the ship, the inefficiency of the ship work, and the ease of maintenance such as supply of parts for shipping between ports at home and abroad are important. Air dehumidifier (X) according to the extremely excellent device for ships. Alternatively, although not shown, the air dehumidifier may be formed by integrating individual components individually or in part, by connecting them to each other by piping. In this case, in the manufacturing process, each component may be previously united in a panel or a common state. In any case, the application of the present invention extends the lifespan of the filter and the separation membrane body, so that, for example, the apparatus can be employed also for ship use.

In addition, the present invention is not limited to the air dehumidification apparatus for ships, of course, it is applicable to the air dehumidification apparatus of various other fields, such as for land use.

Claims (7)

A cyclone separator disposed so that the introduced air is sequentially passed through and discharged; a primary filter; a secondary filter having a smaller filter hole than the primary filter; and a separator for separating water vapor from air passing through the secondary filter. Air dehumidifier characterized in that for sending out the separated air and steam separately. The air dehumidifier according to claim 1, comprising one casing for accommodating the primary filter, the secondary filter, and the separation membrane body, wherein at least an outer wall of the cyclone separator is formed by the casing. The method of claim 1, wherein the separator body has a core body formed in the form of a bundle by a plurality of pipes, the air supplied from the secondary filter flows in the plurality of pipes, a portion of the air discharged through the pipes Is provided in the longitudinal direction of the upper body consisting of the plurality of pipes from the plurality of positions on the outside to the space between each tube, and the ventilation path for discharging to the outside from the plurality of positions of the other end on the opposite side to the end is formed Air dehumidifier, characterized in that. The method according to claim 1, wherein the cyclone separate, The outer wall which has the circumferential surface of the staff barrel form, An inner cylinder which is installed into a space surrounded by the inner circumferential surface of the outer wall, the space being divided into an inner region radially inward and an annular outer region radially outward from the inner region; The outer wall is formed with an air inlet hole which opens to face the outer region and supplies the air toward the supply direction deviating radially outward from the central axis of the inner circumferential surface of the outer wall, The flow path cross sectional area of the air introduction hole is selected to be smaller than the flow path cross sectional area of the outer region, The inner cylinder is formed with a communication hole for communicating the inner region and the outer region, one end of the axial direction of the communication is closed, the other side in the axial direction is an air dehumidifier characterized in that the soft outlet is installed by the primary filter . 5. The air dehumidifier according to claim 4, wherein the communication hole is formed out of an area facing the air introduction hole of the inner cylinder. 5. The air dehumidifier according to claim 4, wherein the communicating holes are formed in plural at intervals in the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder. 5. The air dehumidifier according to claim 4, wherein the main line portion facing the communication hole of the inner cylinder is formed by concave curved in cross section toward the communication hole.

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