KR100245328B1 - A method for preventing water infiltration into structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is to be suitable for waterproofing construction of underground structures and buildings, such as tunnels of the subway to clean the waterproofing surface and the step of adhering the waterproof sheet 1 to the waterproofing surface to maintain a constant interval. And drying the primer 7 by applying the primer 7 so that both ends of the waterproof sheet and the waterproof sheet overlap each other, and forming a waterproof membrane by applying the polymer material 6 so as to overlap the primer coated top surface.

Therefore, since the waterproof membrane formed by the waterproof sheet 1 is mutually isolated, defect repair work is facilitated due to leakage and the construction period due to waterproof construction is shortened.

Description

Waterproofing for structure

The present invention relates to a waterproofing method of a structure, and more particularly to a waterproofing method suitable for waterproofing construction of underground structures such as tunnels of subways and buildings.

In general, concrete of underground structures is degraded by water leakage containing impurities such as organic matter, acid, alkali, and inorganic salts. The durability of the structure is further reduced.

In particular, in the case of tunnels of railways and subways, when the leakage occurs inside the tunnel, the rails are corroded, or the acidic water contained in the leakage promotes the deterioration of the concrete, which leads to deterioration of overall usability. do.

The concrete structure is a high-strength material and basically has a certain degree of watertightness, but it is difficult to completely prevent leakage into the tunnel due to irregular micro cracks and poor work of the joints. Comprehensive prior review is required when doing so.

Accordingly, a lot of manpower and research expenses are invested in the development of a good waterproofing method.

1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a structure of an underground tunnel, and FIG. 2 is a state diagram in which a structure of waterproofing is performed using a waterproof sheet in the prior art.

First, while cleaning the concrete surface (2) to be adhesively fixed to the waterproof sheet (1) and at the same time remove the water and then apply the asphalt or primer (3) to act as an adhesive on the adhesive surface.

Thereafter, the waterproof sheet 1 having a constant width is continuously bonded to overlap each other by about 10 mm, and then the worker melts the overlapping surface 1a of the waterproof sheet 1 by a soldering iron or a torch to keep it airtight. The gap between them prevents leakage.

As the waterproof sheet 1 applied to the above-described method, an emulsion asphalt sheet and a rubberized asphalt sheet are widely used, and bentonite sheets and the like are also used.

However, this construction method has caused a number of problems.

First, sealing work of the overlapping surface 1a of the waterproof sheet 1 to be overlapped is cumbersome, and it is difficult to completely join, causing water leakage between the overlapping surfaces.

In other words, the space between the concrete surface 2 and the excavation surface 4 of the tunnel is to maintain 80cm on the specification, but when the excavation work, the rock appears and it is constructed to be 80cm or less for the convenience of excavation work. When the waterproofing sheet 1 is glued, it is difficult to secure a sufficient working space, and thus, the operator is obstructed to move, thereby making it difficult to maintain the airtightness of the overlapping surface 1a.

Secondly, since the waterproofing surfaces to which the waterproof sheet 1 is bonded in the state where the waterproofing construction is completed, airtightness cannot be maintained at the overlapping surface, or as shown in FIG. 2, specific parts (" G " When the watertight sheet (1) of the part is torn and leaks, the water leaks through the cracks of the point or the joint where the leaked water moves along the watertight surface through which the leaked water flows. (1) There is a lot of trouble because the site where water is introduced into the concrete side and the site where the water leak occurs are different, so it is impossible to chop the correct working point for repairing the defect. That is, even if water flows into the concrete through one place of the waterproof sheet 1, the water flows along the waterproofing surface in which the water flows in and leaks through several cracks and joints. As a result, it is impossible to find a defect, and thus, repair work for many sections is forced.

Third, when the waterproof sheet 1 is poor in bending, it is difficult to waterproof the corners of the structure, and when the projecting structure 5 as shown in FIG. 4 is present on the waterproofing surface, the waterproof sheet 1 is cut. After the construction, the cutting part had to be sealed, which required a lot of construction time.

The present invention has been developed in order to solve such a problem in the prior art, and the waterproofing surface is waterproof so that each is separated by a predetermined period, the purpose is to enable a quick repair work when a fault occurs.

According to an aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object, the step of cleaning the waterproofing surface clean, the step of adhering the waterproof sheet to the waterproofing surface at a predetermined interval, between the waterproof sheet and both ends of the waterproof sheet There is provided a method of waterproofing a structure consisting of applying a primer to overlap and drying, and forming a waterproof film by applying a polymer material overlapping the primer coated top surface.

1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the structure of the underground tunnel.

2 is a state in which the waterproofing operation of the structure using a waterproof sheet in the prior art.

3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A of FIG.

4 is a perspective view showing a waterproofing process when there is a structure on the bottom surface.

Figures 5a to 5c is a process diagram for explaining the method of the present invention, Figure 5a is a state in which the waterproof sheet is bonded to the waterproof surface at a predetermined interval, Figure 5b is a primer is applied so that both ends of the waterproof sheet overlap State diagram.

5c is a state diagram in which a polymer material is coated on an upper surface of a primer to form a waterproof film.

6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B in FIG. 5C.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: waterproof sheet 2: concrete surface

6: polymer material 7: primer

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 5A to 6.

5A to 5C are process drawings for explaining the method of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG. 5C.

Figure 5a is a state in which the waterproof sheet is bonded to the waterproofing surface at a predetermined interval, in order to perform the waterproofing construction by the present invention, first, to be flat so that there are no protruding parts or water points on the concrete surface (2) of the waterproofing surface It should be arranged.

After that, clean it with sand blasting, air blasting, brush, etc. so that there is no latency, and keep it clean so that the moisture content of the concrete surface 2 is measured using a high frequency capacitive measuring instrument. Dry with water so that the water content is within 10%.

If a crack in the concrete surface is found in the waterproofing process, the cracked part is V-cut and filled with mortar and cured. If there is a leak, it should be indexed or washed with quenched cement.

After the cleaning of the concrete surface 2 to be waterproofed as described above, the waterproof sheet 1 having a predetermined width is adhered to the waterproof surface as shown in FIG. 5a by a known method so as to maintain an interval of about 5 mm.

If the interval between the waterproof sheet 1 is too narrow, there is a risk that the waterproof membrane may not be sufficiently isolated, on the contrary, if the interval between the waterproof sheet is too wide, it is advantageous for the isolation of the waterproof membrane, but the amount of primers and polymers used in the following process is used. Since the construction cost increases due to the increase, it is required to set the appropriate interval according to the conditions of the construction site.

At this time, when the waterproof sheet is bonded to the end of the structural nothing, for example, the waterproof sheet is located close to the wall surface to adhere to the end of the structure (wall or floor if the attached part is a wall surface), or waterproof The adhesive is maintained by keeping the same distance between the sheets.

In this way, after adhesively fixing the waterproof sheet 1 to the concrete surface 2, the polymer is overlapped with the surface between the surface, that is, the concrete surface exposed to the outside and the edge or wall surface of the adjacent waterproof sheet, the waterproof sheet close to the floor surface Although it is possible to isolate the waterproof membrane by applying the material (6), it is more preferable that the polymer material (6) first coat the primer (7) in order to maximize the waterproof efficiency.

Application of the primer 7 is performed by the following process.

When the water content of the concrete surface 2 to be constructed is less than 10%, the concrete surface 2 and the adjacent waterproof sheet exposed to the outside by using a roller (aqueous wool) or a spray applicator are mixed with the primer 7 which has been improved and mixed at a predetermined ratio. It is applied to the edge of (1) overlapping about 10mm like 5b.

If the rollers used during the application of the primer 7 are left unattended during the operation, they will harden as they are and cannot be reused. Therefore, special care is required.In case of exposure to the sun and high temperature, the rollers will gradually stick to the application surface during the application. After application, the application should be done.

Primer 7, which is the primary waterproof membrane, should be mixed in advance by setting the amount (about 10 kg) in advance so that all of them can be used within about 30 minutes after mixing.

If 30 minutes have elapsed, the viscosity of the mixed primer 7 is increased so that the coating operation becomes difficult.

The coating process of the primer (7) to overlap the edge of the concrete surface (2) and the adjacent waterproof sheet (1) exposed to the outside by the process as described above, and after a certain time the polymer material (6) ) Is coated on the upper surface of the primer so as to overlap with the 5c degree.

Polymeric material (6) to be applied to the present invention is appropriately selected according to the use place and construction period.

As the polymer material 6, polyurea, polyurethane, epoxy, or the like may be used.

The polyurea (Poloyurea) has a good compressive strength, elasticity, acid resistance, alkali resistance, chemical resistance, UV resistance characteristics, there is no environmental pollution and does not affect the temperature at all, there is an advantage that can be installed in winter.

In addition, it is suitable for chemical tanks, ships, aviation, etc., because it does not flow down when applied to walls and ceilings and hardens within a fast time (approximately 10 to 30 seconds) after application, but the cost of materials is high. There is this.

On the other hand, polyurethane or epoxy flows down during wall and electric field coating, and the curing time after application is longer than that of polyurea for one day, so it is not suitable for rapid waterproofing. The cost required is significantly reduced compared to polyurea, so it is suitable for construction of the floor of a structure.

The polymer material 6 should be applied within a predetermined time (duplicate coating time).

That is, after a predetermined time has elapsed after performing one coating operation, at least four times are repeated in the up, down, left, and right directions to secure a set thickness (about 1 mm).

As described above, it is understood that the application of the primer 7 and the polymer material 6 is more preferable to apply the corner portion first rather than the flat portion when the waterproofing object is a complicated structure.

As described above, the present invention has the following advantages over the conventional waterproof construction method.

First, the occurrence rate of defects due to waterproof construction can be significantly reduced, and even if a defect occurs, it is possible to find and repair the leaked portion in a short time.

That is, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5C, the waterproofing surface is isolated according to the coating of the primer 7 and the polymer material 7, respectively, so that even if a leak occurs at a specific site (" X "), the adjacent waterproof Since it flows toward the adhesive surface (" Y ", " Z ") side of the sheet 1, only the defect repair work needs to be performed along the adhesive surface of the corresponding waterproof sheet where the water leak is generated. It becomes convenient.

Second, since the waterproofing work is applied and sprayed, even if the space between the concrete surface 2 and the excavation surface 4 of the tunnel is narrower than 80cm on the specification, the coating work is easy, so that other leaks may occur due to poor coating work. It does not occur.

Third, even if there is a protruding structure in the corner portion or the waterproofing surface of the structure, it is possible to form a waterproof film by spraying operation, compared to the construction method for bonding the waterproof sheet, it is possible to significantly reduce the working period due to the accurate waterproofing and construction.

Claims (3)

Cleaning the waterproof surface; Bonding a waterproof sheet to the waterproofing surface at a predetermined interval; And coating one polymer material selected from the group consisting of polyurea, polyurethane, and epoxy such that both ends of the waterproof sheet and both ends of the waterproof sheet overlap to form a waterproof membrane. The method of claim 1, further comprising applying a primer to dry the primer sheet so that both ends of the waterproof sheet and both ends of the waterproof sheet overlap before applying the polymer material such that both ends of the waterproof sheet and both ends of the waterproof sheet overlap. Waterproof way. The method of claim 1, wherein the waterproof sheet and the waterproof sheet has a thickness of 5mm.

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