KR100240080B1 - A generating power control apparatus of heavy equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an output control apparatus for heavy equipment, and when the operating lever is positioned in the neutral state while the engine rotation speed and the discharge flow rate of the hydraulic pump are set to constant, it detects this and discharges the engine rotation speed and the hydraulic pump. Rotation speed detection means for detecting the engine speed to automatically reduce the flow rate, motor drive means for controlling the adjustment amount of the governor device, angle detection means for detecting the actual governor angle of the governor device, and deceleration speed Deceleration speed input means for inputting the storage of the reference value, and actual governor detected by the angle detecting means by comparing the deceleration speed reference value input by the deceleration speed input means with the actual engine speed detected by the rotation speed detection means. Compares the control angle with the standard governor control angle and controls the motor drive means by the deviation to adjust the actual governor control angle of the governor or device. It was provided with the means.

Description

Heavy-duty output control device

1 is a schematic block diagram of an output control apparatus for heavy equipment according to the present invention.

2 is a detailed block diagram of the electronic control apparatus shown in FIG.

3 and 4 are operational flow diagrams of the electronic control apparatus shown in FIG.

5 is an engine output waveform diagram according to the present invention.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: governor device 2: engine

3, 4: variable displacement hydraulic pump 5: gear pump

6: hydraulic cylinder 7: hydraulic motor

8. 9: Control panel 10 ~ 13: Directional switching valve

14: rotation speed sensor 15: motor drive unit

16: governor angle detection unit 17: deceleration memory switch

18: output selection switch 19: electronic control device

20: central processing unit 21: ROM

22, 23: RAM 24: rotation speed processing unit

25: switch signal processing unit 26: angle input unit

27: step motor drive unit

The present invention relates to an output control device for heavy equipment, and more particularly, when each operation lever for controlling the function of heavy equipment is set to neutral without using heavy equipment, the engine speed and the output of the pump are automatically detected by detecting them. It relates to an output control device of the heavy equipment to reduce the.

In general, in the case of excavators in heavy equipment, each operation lever is provided to control the function of the excavator. When the operator operates the operation lever, each direction connected to the cylinders for the boom, arm, and bucket, and the turning and driving hydraulic motor The control valve is activated to operate the cylinder and hydraulic motor. Each of these directional control valves is connected to a variable displacement hydraulic pump. When the variable displacement hydraulic pump is driven by the rotational force of the engine, the hydraulic pump discharges the flow rate and the cylinder and the hydraulic motor are operated through the directional valve. Excavation, turning and movement will occur.

However, in the excavator as described above, when the driver sets the engine speed to a predetermined state in order to perform work, and then places the operation lever in neutral to stop work for a while, the engine speed is initially set. Since it is maintained in a state, there was a problem in that fuel consumption and noise were generated due to the high speed rotation of the engine.

Therefore, when the driver is located in the neutral position without operating the control lever, by lowering the engine speed and reducing the output of the pump, it is possible to solve the above-described problems, thereby reducing fuel consumption and reducing noise.

In this case, conventionally, the hydraulic line detects the pilot pressure acting on the direction switching valve by the amount of operation of the operation lever through a sensor to grasp the neutral state of the operation lever or hydraulically checks the operation of the direction switching valve. The hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic fluid flowing through this hydraulic line was checked to determine the neutral state of the operating lever.

By the way, in the case of the above-mentioned, there is a hassle to check all the pilot pressure acting on each direction switching valve, or check the hydraulic pressure of the operating oil flowing through the hydraulic line, and the component for checking the pilot pressure or Since the hydraulic lines, etc. must be configured separately, a separate machining is required, and thus the internal configuration of the hydraulic circuit is very complicated.

Accordingly, the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, an object of the present invention by indirectly detecting the neutral state of the operating lever by means of detecting the angle of the engine speed detection means and the adjustment governor, operation lever Is to provide an output control device for heavy equipment to reduce fuel consumption and noise by reducing the engine speed when the engine is in a neutral state.

Features of the present invention for achieving the object as described above, the governor device for adjusting the fuel injection amount, the engine the output is adjusted by the governor device, a variable displacement hydraulic pump driven by the rotational force of the engine and A flow rate flowing from the hydraulic pump to the hydraulic actuator in accordance with the operation amount of the gear pump for generating the pilot pressure, the hydraulic actuator operated by the operating oil pumped by the hydraulic pump, the operation unit for controlling the operation amount of the hydraulic actuator, and the operation unit. An output control apparatus for heavy equipment having a directional control valve to adjust; Rotation speed detection means for sensing the rotation speed of the engine; Motor driving means for controlling an adjustment amount of the governor device; Angle detecting means for detecting an actual governor angle of the governor device; Deceleration speed input means for inputting storage of the deceleration speed reference value; And comparing the actual governor adjustment angle detected by the angle detection means with the reference governor adjustment angle by comparing the actual engine speed detected by the rotation speed detection means with the reduction speed reference value input by the reduction speed input means. And a control means for controlling the motor drive means by the deviation to adjust the actual governor adjustment angle of the governor device.

In the present invention, the output selection means for selecting the output state of the engine to output the actual engine speed to the output state of the engine selected by the output selection means may be further provided, the deceleration speed reference value according to the state of the heavy equipment It may be further provided with a deceleration memory switching means to reset the deceleration memory switching means is to turn on the deceleration reference speed to the actual engine speed when the on-state.

In addition, when the difference between the deceleration reference speed and the actual rotation speed selected by the deceleration memory switching means is more than a predetermined size may be further provided with an alarm means to inform the driver that the device has an error.

In addition, the electronic control apparatus includes: central processing means for performing all arithmetic and processing operations for controlling the system, first storage means for storing a program for controlling the system, and various input signals and calculated values temporarily Second storage means, rotation speed processing means for processing signals detected by the rotation speed sensing means, switch signal processing means for processing signals input from various switches, and angles for input processing of actual governor adjustment angles. It is preferable to comprise an input means and an adjustment angle control means for changing the governor adjustment angle, and preferably further comprising a third storage means for storing this value when the deceleration memory switch means is operated.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, a preferred embodiment of the output control device for heavy equipment according to the present invention will be described in detail.

1 is a schematic block diagram of an output control apparatus for heavy equipment according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, the governor apparatus 1 for adjusting the fuel injection amount, the engine 2 whose output is controlled by the governor apparatus 1, and a pair of variable capacitance type driven by the rotational force of the engine Hydraulic pumps 3 and 4, gear pumps 5 for generating pilot pressure, hydraulic cylinders 6 and hydraulic motors 7 operated by discharge flow rates of the variable displacement hydraulic pumps 3 and 4, And a pair of operation parts 8 and 9 which instruct the operation amounts of the hydraulic cylinder 6 and the hydraulic motor 7, and the variable displacement hydraulic pump 3 described above according to the operation amount of the operation parts 8 and 9. It consists of several direction switching valves 10-13 which adjust the flow volume which flows into the hydraulic cylinder 6 and the hydraulic motor 7 from 4).

In addition, the rotation speed detection sensor 14 for detecting the rotation speed of the engine 2, the motor drive unit 15 for controlling the adjustment amount of the governor device 1 described above, and the governor for sensing the angle of the governor An electronic control device that collectively controls the angle detection unit 16, the deceleration memory switch 17 which commands the stored deceleration speed reference value, the output selection switch 18 which instructs the output size of the engine, and all the aforementioned means. It consists of 19.

FIG. 2 is a detailed block diagram of the electronic control apparatus 19 shown in FIG. 1. Referring to FIG. 2, the central processing unit 20 performs all the calculation and processing operations for controlling the system. The ROM 21 stores a program for controlling the system, the first RAM 22 which temporarily stores various input signals and calculation values, and the deceleration memory switch 17 of FIG. A second ram 23 to be stored, a rotation speed processor 24 and a switch signal processor 25 for processing signals input from the rotation speed sensor 14, and an angle input unit for inputting an actual governor adjustment angle; (26) and a step motor drive unit 27 for changing the governor adjustment angle.

The operation of the present invention having the configuration as described above is as follows.

When the engine 2 is started and rotated, the driver operates the output selection switch 18 to select the engine output suitable for the working condition. At this time, the output selector switch 18 is divided into three types, such as "high power mode", "standard power mode" and "light power mode", so that the driver can operate the work state, that is, the medium excavation work state and standard excavation The operation state and the fine excavation operation state are judged by themselves to operate the corresponding switch. Here, the output selection switch 18 may be subdivided into three or more steps described above. In this case, a precise engine output corresponding to each working condition can be obtained.

The engine output value selected by the output selection switch 18 is input to the electronic control unit 19, and the electronic control unit 19 uses the input engine output value to rotate the engine 2 and the variable displacement hydraulic pump 3 , 4) to adjust the maximum output. The operating oil pumped by the variable displacement hydraulic pumps 3 and 4 is supplied to the hydraulic cylinder 6 and the hydraulic motor 7 through a plurality of directional control valves 10 to 13 to drive the corresponding working equipment. Let's go. In this case, the engine output waveform shows a waveform as shown in FIG. 5, and as can be seen from the waveform diagram, it can be seen that the engine speed is constantly changing according to the magnitude of the load on the engine.

However, when the governor adjustment angle is changed, the engine speed is also changed, so that the engine speed is detected while the governor position is kept constant, thereby finding a neutral state without load on the engine.

The above-described process will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.

When the driver operates a predetermined switch among the output selection switches 18, the actual value detected by the selection value Msw of the output selection switch 18 and the rotation speed sensor 14 detected by the switch signal processing section 25 The engine speed Nr and the governor angle sensing unit 16 are read through the angle input unit 26, and the actual calibration angle Φger is read and stored in the first ram 22. (S1). At this time, it is preferable that the rotation speed detection sensor 14 calculates the engine speed read through the rotation speed processing unit 24 of the electronic controller 19 using the magnetic pulse pickup type sensor.

Here, assuming that the selection value selected by the output selection switch 18 is in the "high" state, the engine target rotation speed is Noh and the deceleration response speed is Ndh. At this time, the reference governor adjustment angle Φgeh is already set in the ROM 21 of the electronic controller 19, and the central processing unit 20 has the reference governor adjustment angle Φgeh and the angle input unit 26. Compute the deviation (dΦg) of the actual governor control angle (Φger) read through (S2).

When the calculation of the deviation dΦg is completed in this step S2, it is determined whether the value of the deviation dΦg is 0 (S3), and if it is determined that 0, the actual engine speed Nrh is the deceleration reference speed Ndh. Compare greater than or equal to) (S4).

If the actual engine speed Nrh is greater than or equal to the deceleration reference speed Ndh in this step S4, it is judged to be a neutral state without operation of the operation means, and the neutral state remains for a predetermined time (for example, 5 seconds). It is determined whether to continue (S5). Here, the neutral passage reference time can be arbitrarily set by the driver or heavy equipment manufacturer. In addition, if the reference time is too short, the engine speed may increase or decrease frequently regardless of the driver's will, which may adversely affect heavy equipment. If the reference time is too long, the engine speed may not be reduced quickly, thus reducing fuel consumption. And since the object to prevent the generation of noise can not be sufficiently obtained, it is preferable to set properly according to the conditions of the work. If it is determined through the above step (S5) that the neutral state has elapsed 5 seconds, the new engine target speed (No) is set to the low speed (Ndi), and the existing engine target speed (Noh) and new The governor adjustment value dΦg for the deviation from the engine target rotational speed No is calculated (S6).

By calculating the motor drive pulse number Pn with respect to the governor adjustment value dφg calculated in this step S6 (S7), and outputting it to the step motor driver 27 (S8), the governor angle is moved to the deceleration position. Move it.

On the other hand, if it is determined in step S4 that the actual engine speed Nrh is smaller than the deceleration reference speed Ndh, it is determined that the hydraulic cylinder 6 and the hydraulic motor 7 are operated by the operation means. After setting the new engine speed No to the existing target speed Noh (S9), the process proceeds to the above step S7 to perform the process after the step S7.

In addition, if it is determined that the neutral state has not elapsed for 5 seconds, the process proceeds to the above step (S9), and then proceeds to the step (S7) to perform the process after the step (S7).

In addition, if it is determined in step S3 that the deviation dφg between the reference governor adjustment angle Φgeh and the actual governor adjustment angle φger read through the angle input unit 26 is not zero, by the current operating means. It is determined that the hydraulic cylinder 6 and the hydraulic motor 7 are operating, and the flow proceeds to step S7 to perform the whole process after step S7.

Therefore, when the rotation speed of the engine 2 and the discharge flow rates of the variable displacement hydraulic pumps 3 and 4 are set, and the operation lever is placed in a neutral position for a predetermined time, that is, 5 seconds or more, the engine 2 is automatically turned on. Since the rotation speed and the discharge flow rates of the variable displacement hydraulic pumps 3 and 4 are reduced, fuel consumption and noise can be reduced.

On the other hand, even if the governor adjustment angle is the same, if the engine speed is decreased due to the aging of the equipment, the deviation between the reference governor adjustment angle (Φgeh) and the actual governor adjustment angle (Φger) is maintained even if the apparatus is normally operated. In order to correct this problem, a process as shown in FIG. 4 is added between steps S3 and S4 of the process of FIG. 3.

That is, in step S3, when the deviation dΦg between the reference governor adjustment angle Φgeh and the actual governor adjustment angle Φger is determined to be 0, it is determined whether the deceleration memory switch Dsw is turned on. (S10). In this step (S10), if it is determined that the deceleration memory switch (Dsw) is not turned on, it is determined to ignore the occurrence of the above-described deviation (dφg) proceeds to step S4 of FIG. 3, the deceleration memory switch ( If it is determined that Dsw is turned on, the deviation dN between the deceleration reference speed Ndh and the actual engine speed Nr is calculated (S11), and the absolute value of the deviation dN is the set limit value (N). It is compared whether it is a larger value (S12).

If it is determined in this step S12 that the absolute value of the deviation dN is larger than the set limit value ▽ N, the deceleration memory switch 17 is turned on while operating the operation units 8 and 9 or the device itself. It is determined that the abnormality has occurred, and outputs an alarm signal indicating that the abnormality has occurred in the device to the driver (S13).

If it is determined in step S12 that the absolute value of the deviation dN is less than or equal to the set limit value ∇N, it is assumed that a slight deviation occurs due to the characteristics of the device. The decelerating reference speed Ndh stored in the RAM 23 is replaced with the actual engine speed Nr to be re-memorized (S14), and then the whole process after step S4 shown in FIG. 3 is performed. .

Therefore, the error caused by the defect of the device itself is corrected, and when the operation parts 8 and 9 are positioned in neutral, the rotation speed of the engine 2 and the discharge flow rates of the variable displacement hydraulic pumps 3 and 4 are automatically adjusted. This can reduce fuel consumption and reduce noise.

As described above, according to the output control apparatus of the heavy equipment according to the present invention, the neutral state of the operation unit is grasped by comparing the deceleration reference speed and the actual engine speed, and accordingly, the engine speed and the discharge flow rate of the variable displacement hydraulic pump are determined. By reducing the power consumption, fuel consumption can be reduced and noise can be reduced.

Claims (5)

A governor device for adjusting the fuel injection amount, an engine whose output is controlled by the governor device, a variable displacement hydraulic pump driven by the rotational force of the engine, a gear pump for generating pilot pressure, and a pump by the hydraulic pump In the output control apparatus of heavy equipment, comprising a hydraulic actuator operated by the operating fluid, an operation unit for controlling the operation amount of the hydraulic actuator, and a directional control valve for adjusting the flow rate from the hydraulic pump to the hydraulic actuator in accordance with the operation amount of the operation unit. Speed detection means for detecting the speed of the engine; Motor driving means for controlling an adjustment amount of the governor device; Angle detecting means for detecting an actual governor angle of the governor device; Deceleration speed input means for inputting storage of the deceleration speed reference value; And comparing the actual governor adjustment angle detected by the angle detection means with the reference governor adjustment angle by comparing the actual engine speed detected by the rotation speed detection means with the reduction speed reference value input by the reduction speed input means. And a control means for controlling the motor drive means by the deviation thereof to adjust the actual governor adjustment angle of the governor device. The method of claim 1, further comprising a deceleration memory switching means for resetting the deceleration speed reference value according to the state of the heavy equipment to reset the deceleration reference speed to the actual engine speed when the deceleration memory switching means is turned on. Output control device of heavy equipment. The output of the heavy equipment according to claim 2, further comprising an alarm means for informing the driver that an abnormality has occurred in the device when the difference between the deceleration reference speed and the actual rotation speed selected by the deceleration memory switching means exceeds a predetermined size. Control unit. The electronic control apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: central processing means for performing all calculation and processing operations for controlling the system; First storage means for storing a program for controlling the system; Second storage means for temporarily storing various input signals and calculated values; Rotational speed processing means for processing the signal detected by the rotational speed detecting means; Switch signal processing means for processing signals input from various switches; Angle input means for inputting an actual governor adjustment angle; And an adjustment angle control means for changing the governor adjustment angle. 3. The output control apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a third storage means for storing the value when the deceleration memory switch means is operated.