KR100240042B1 - High temperature nitro-carbonizing treatment of metal - Google Patents
High temperature nitro-carbonizing treatment of metal Download PDFInfo
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- KR100240042B1 KR100240042B1 KR1019970014282A KR19970014282A KR100240042B1 KR 100240042 B1 KR100240042 B1 KR 100240042B1 KR 1019970014282 A KR1019970014282 A KR 1019970014282A KR 19970014282 A KR19970014282 A KR 19970014282A KR 100240042 B1 KR100240042 B1 KR 100240042B1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/28—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases more than one element being applied in one step
- C23C8/30—Carbo-nitriding
- C23C8/32—Carbo-nitriding of ferrous surfaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/19—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering by interrupted quenching
- C21D1/20—Isothermal quenching, e.g. bainitic hardening
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/19—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering by interrupted quenching
- C21D1/22—Martempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/80—After-treatment
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
Abstract
본 발명은 금속의 표면에 질소와 탄소를 확산시키기 위한 것으로 고온에서 1차 침탄 및 침탄질화 처리된, 연강, 저탄소강, 고탄소강, 합금강, 티타늄(Ti)이나 바나디움(V), 크롬(Cr)을 함유한 강, 몰리브덴알루미늄(Mo-Al)강, 소결품, 주물품등의 금속을 공석점부근인 600∼740℃ 사이의 오스테나이트 구역에서 일산화탄소(Co)와, 질소(N2), 수소(H2)를 적당량 혼합한 변성가스(GAS)와, 프로판가스(C3H8)등 중탄화수소가스(CmHn계), 그리고 질화가스(NH3)를 적당한 중량비로 혼합한 분위기가스를 열처리노 내부에 투입하여 열처리함으로서 금속의 표면에 10㎛∼50㎛의ε-질화물과 탄화물이 동시에 생성되는 약간의 세멘타이트가 포함된 화합물층을 형성함과 동시에 그 아래에 경화된 미세립 베이나이트 조직과 템퍼된 마르텐사이트조직을 이루도록한 금속의 고온질탄화 처리방법에 관한 것으로, 850∼960℃의 고온에서 1차 침탄처리를 하거나, 700∼900℃에서 암모니아가스(MB) 0.5∼5 볼륨(V)% 및 CO-N2-H2의 변성가스, CmHn계의 혼입가스를 투입하여 일반 침탄질화처리후에 온도를 내려 공석점부근(600∼740℃) 사이에서 암모니아가스 25-65 볼륨(V)%및 CO-N2-H2의 변성가스, CmHn계의 혼입가스를 투입하여 질화처리를 행하며, 처리재질로서는 일반적인 부품의 재질인 연강, 저탄소강, 고탄소강, 합금강, 티타늄(Ti), 바나디움(V), 크롬(Cr)을 함유한 강, 몰리브덴알루미늄(Mo-Al)강, 소결품, 주물품등이며, 처리의 결과로서는 표층부에 10∼50㎛의 ε-질화물, 탄화물을 제조하는 동시에 화합물층의 직하에 경화된 미세립 베이나이트조직 및 마르텐사이트 조직을 이루도록 하거나, 고온에서 1차 침탄 및 침탄질화 처리된, 연강, 저탄소강, 고탄소강, 합금강, 티타늄(Ti)이나 바나디움(V), 크롬(Cr)을 함유한 강, 몰리브덴알루미늄(Mo-Al)강, 소결품, 주물품 등의 금속을 로냉시키거나칭한후, 이를 다시 가열하여 공석점부근인 600∼740℃ 사이의 오스테나이트 구역에서 일산화탄소(Co)와, 질소(N2), 수소(H2)를 적당량 혼합한 변성가스(GAS)와, 프로판가스(C3H8) 등 중탄화수소가스(CmHn계), 그리고 질화가스(NH3)를 적합한 중량비로 혼합한 분위기가스를 열처리노 내부에 투입하여 열처리 함으로서, 금속의 표면에 10∼50㎛의 ε-질화물과 탄화물이 동시에 생성되는 약간의 세멘타이트가 포함된 화합물층을 형성하고, 그 아래에 경화된 미세립 베이나이트 조직과 템퍼된 마르텐사이트 조직을 이루도록 함으로서, 상기한 바와같이 본 발명은 금속의 표면에 10∼50㎛의 ε-질화물과 탄화물이 동시에 생성되는 약간의 세멘타이트가 포함된 화합물층을 형성하여, 표면의 색상이 회색이거나, 회청색으로 깨끗하여 최종 완성품으로 사용이 가능하며, 외관의 조도를 향상시키기 위하여 래핑을 하거나 표면에 Fe3O4가 생성되도록 검게 산화시키고 오일을 분사하면, 종래 내식성을 향상시키기 위하여 파카 라이징이나 전착도장, 크롬, 아연, 니켈도금 하던 공정을 생략할 수 있는 것은 물론, 화합물층 아래에 질소와 탄소의 확산으로 오스테나이트의 형성을 촉진시킨 후, 기름이나 수용성냉매, 물, 염욕 등의 냉매를 이용하여 켄칭함으로서, 경화된 미세립 베이나이트 조직과 템퍼된 마르텐사이트 조직을 갖도록 하여 고하중에 의한 마모와 박리를 방지하며, 찍힘 윤활 등에 좋은 효과를 발휘하도록 한 것이다.The present invention is intended to diffuse nitrogen and carbon on the surface of the metal, mild carburizing and carburizing nitriding at high temperature, mild steel, low carbon steel, high carbon steel, alloy steel, titanium (Ti) or vanadium (V), chromium (Cr) Metals such as steel, molybdenum aluminum (Mo-Al) steel, sintered products, and castings in the austenitic zone at 600 to 740 ° C near the vacancy point, carbon monoxide (Co), nitrogen (N2), hydrogen ( Into a heat treatment furnace, an atmosphere gas in which a suitable amount of modified gas (GAS), propane gas (C3H8), carbon dioxide (CmHn), and nitride gas (NH3) is mixed in an appropriate weight ratio On the surface of the metal to form a compound layer containing a small amount of cementite in which ε-nitrides and carbides of 10 µm to 50 µm are simultaneously formed, and at the same time to form a hardened fine grain bainite structure and a tempered martensite structure. High temperature carbonization of a metal The method relates to a primary carburizing treatment at a high temperature of 850 to 960 ° C, or to a modified gas of ammonia gas (MB) 0.5 to 5 vol.% (V)% and CO-N2-H2, CmHn system at 700 to 900 ° C. After entering the mixed gas, the temperature is reduced after general carburizing and nitriding treatment, and 25-65 volume (V)% of ammonia gas, modified gas of CO-N2-H2 and mixed gas of CmHn system are located near the vacancy point (600-740 ° C). Nitride treatment is carried out by inputting, and the treated material is mild steel, low carbon steel, high carbon steel, alloy steel, titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), chromium (Cr) containing steel, and molybdenum aluminum (Mo-Al). ) Steels, sintered products, castings, etc., and as a result of the treatment, 10 to 50 µm ε-nitrides and carbides are prepared at the surface layer portion, and hardened fine grain bainite structure and martensite structure under the compound layer; Mild steel, low carbon steel, high carbon steel, alloy, primary carburized and carburized at high temperature , Titanium (Ti) and vanadium (V), chromium (Cr), a steel, molybdenum, aluminum (Al-Mo) steel, sinter, to ronaeng a metal such as castings or containing After it is heated, it is heated again and modified gas (GAS) and propane gas (CoS), nitrogen (N2) and hydrogen (H2) mixed in an appropriate amount in the austenite zone at 600 to 740 ° C near the vacancy point. Atmospheric gas mixed with heavy hydrocarbon gas (CmHn) such as C3H8) and nitride gas (NH3) in a suitable weight ratio is introduced into a heat treatment furnace and subjected to heat treatment. By forming a compound layer containing some cementite produced at the same time and forming a hardened fine grain bainite structure and a tempered martensite structure thereunder, as described above, the present invention provides 10 to 50 탆 on the surface of the metal. It forms a compound layer containing some cementite that ε-nitride and carbide of is produced simultaneously, and the surface of the surface is gray or grayish blue and can be used as a final product. In order to improve the roughness, blackening and oxidizing to produce Fe3O4 on the surface and spraying oil, it is possible to omit the process of parkarizing, electrodeposition coating, chromium, zinc, nickel plating in order to improve the corrosion resistance, The formation of austenite is promoted by diffusion of nitrogen and carbon under the compound layer, followed by quenching with refrigerants such as oil, water-soluble refrigerants, water, and salt bath, thereby hardening the fine grain bainite structure and the tempered martensite structure. It is intended to prevent wear and peeling due to high loads, and to exert a good effect on lubrication.
Description
본 발명은 금속의 표면에 질소와 탄소를 확산시키기 위한 것으로 고온에서 1차 침탄 및 침탄질화 처리된, 연강, 저탄소강, 고탄소강, 합금강, 티타늄(Ti)이나 바나디움(V), 크롬(Cr)을 함유한 강, 몰리브덴알루미늄(Mo-Al)강, 소결품, 주물품 등의 금속을 공석점부근인 600∼740℃ 사이의 오스테나이트 구역에서 일산화탄소(Co)와, 질소(N2), 수소(H2)를 적당량 혼합한 변성가스(GAS)와, 프로판가스(C3H8) 등 중탄화수소가스(CmHn계), 그리고 질화가스(NH3)를 적당한 중량비로 혼합한 분위기가스를 열처리노 내부에 투입하여 열처리함으로서 금속의 표면에 10㎛∼50㎛의 ε-질화물과 탄화물이 동시에 생성되는 약간의 세멘타이트가 포함된 화합물층을 형성함과 동시에 그 아래에 경화된 미세립 베이나이트 조직과 템퍼된 마르텐사이트 조직을 이루도록한 금속의 고온질탄화 처리방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention is intended to diffuse nitrogen and carbon on the surface of the metal, mild carburizing and carburizing nitriding at high temperature, mild steel, low carbon steel, high carbon steel, alloy steel, titanium (Ti) or vanadium (V), chromium (Cr) Metals such as steel, molybdenum aluminum (Mo-Al) steel, sintered products and castings, etc., are used in the austenite zone at 600 to 740 ° C near the vacancy point, and carbon monoxide (Co), nitrogen (N2) and hydrogen ( Into a heat treatment furnace, an atmosphere gas in which a suitable amount of modified gas (GAS), propane gas (C3H8), and carbon dioxide gas (CmHn) and nitride gas (NH3) are mixed in an appropriate weight ratio On the surface of the metal to form a compound layer containing a little cementite containing ε-nitride and carbide of 10 ㎛ to 50 ㎛ at the same time, while forming a hardened fine grain bainite and a tempered martensite High Temperature Nitriding of One Metal It relates to a treatment method.
기존의 금속질화처리는 440∼650℃에서 표면에 질탄화물과 입실론(ε)상의 층을 형성시켜 마모성을 향상시키거나 화합물층 위를 산화시킴으로서 내부식성을 향상시키고 있으나, 이는 화합물층 아래의 0.1mm 부근의 경도가 급격히 떨어짐으로서, 이를 방지하기 위하여 저온에서 장시간(6시간∼90시간)동안 열처리를 실시하거나, 크롬(Cr)과 알루미늄(Al)을 함유하고 있는 질화용 강재를 선택하여 사용할 수 밖에 없었다.Conventional metal nitridation treatment improves wear resistance by forming a layer of nitride carbide and epsilon (ε) on the surface at 440 ~ 650 ℃, or improves corrosion resistance by oxidizing on the compound layer. In order to prevent this, the hardness was sharply lowered, so that heat treatment was performed at a low temperature for a long time (6 hours to 90 hours), or nitriding steels containing chromium (Cr) and aluminum (Al) were selected.
그러므로 자동차부품이나 일반기계부품을 열처리가공함에 있어서는 저온질화처리한 제품의 단점인 충격성과 인장강도를 보완하기 위하여 고온으로 처리하였는바, 이 또한 침탄처리가 고온에서 처리됨으로서 제품의 열변형이 심하여 후가공처리를 하여야 하며, 특히 판재를 열처리하였을 때에는 열변형을 바로잡기 위하여 프레스템퍼링 처리를 하였다.Therefore, in the heat treatment processing of automotive parts or general mechanical parts, it was processed at high temperature to compensate for the impact and tensile strength, which is a disadvantage of low temperature nitriding products. In particular, when heat treatment of the plate, the press tempering treatment to correct the heat deformation.
본 발명은 상기한 지금까지의 문제점을 감안하여 고온에서 1차 열처리된 피열물을 공석점부근인 600∼740℃ 사이의 오스테나이트 구역에서 일산화탄소(Co)와, 질소(N2), 수소(H2)를 적당량 혼합한 변성가스(GAS)와, 프로판가스(C3H8)등중탄화수소가스(CmHn계), 그리고 질화가스(NH3)를 적합한 중량비로 혼합한 분위기가스를 투입함으로서, 표면에 10∼50㎛의 ε-질화물과 탄화물이 동시에 생성되는 약간의 세멘타이트가 포함된 화합물층을 형성함과 동시에 그 아래에 경화된 미세립 베이나이트 조직과 템퍼된 마르텐사이트 조직을 이루도록 하였다.In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides carbon monoxide (Co), nitrogen (N2), and hydrogen (H2) in the austenite zone at 600 to 740 ° C near the vacancy point. Atmospheric gas of 10 to 50 µm was introduced into the surface by adding a modified gas (GAS), propane gas (C3H8), heavy hydrocarbon gas (CmHn system), and nitride gas (NH3) in an appropriate weight ratio. A compound layer containing some cementite containing ε-nitride and carbide was formed at the same time, while at the same time forming a hardened fine grain bainite structure and a tempered martensite structure.
상기한 본 발명을 더욱 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.Referring to the present invention in more detail as follows.
850∼960℃의 고온에서 1차 침탄처리를 하거나, 700∼900℃에서 암모니아가스(NH3)0.5∼5 볼륨(V)% 및 CO-N2-H2의 변성가스, CmHn계의 혼입가스를 투입하여 일반 침탄질화처리 후에 온도를 내려 공석점부근(600∼740℃) 사이에서 암모니아가스 25-65 볼륨(V)% 및 CO-N2-H2의 변성가스, CmHn계의 혼입가스를 투입하여 질화처리를 행하며, 처리재질로서는 일반적인 부품의 재질인 연강, 저탄소강, 고탄소강, 합금강, 티타늄(Ti), 바나디움(V), 크롬(Cr)을 함유한 강, 몰리브덴알루미늄(Mo-Al)강, 소결품, 주물품등이며, 처리의 결과로서는 표층부에 10∼50㎛의 ε-질화물, 탄화물을 제조하는 동시에 화합물층의 직하에 경화된 미세립 베이나이트 조직 및 마르텐사이트 조직을 이루도록 하거나, 고온에서 1차 침탄 및 침탄질화 처리된, 연강, 저탄소강, 고탄소강, 합금강, 티타늄(Ti)이나 바나디움(V), 크롬(Cr)을 함유한 강, 몰리브덴알루미늄(Mo-Al)강, 소결품, 주물품 등의 금속을 로냉시키거나 켄칭한후, 이를 다시 가열하여 공석점부근인 600∼740℃ 사이의 오스테나이트 구역에서 일산화탄소(Co)와, 질소(N2), 수소(H2)를 적당량 혼합한 변성가스(GAS)와, 프로판가스(C3H8)등 중탄화수소가스(CmHn계), 그리고 질화가스(NH3)를 적합한 중량비로 혼합한 분위기가스를 열처리노 내부에 투입하여 열처리 함으로서, 금속의 표면에 10∼50㎛의 ε-질화물과 탄화물이 동시에 생성되는 약간의 세멘타이트가 포함된 화합물층을 형성하고, 그 아래에 경화된 미세립 베이나이트 조직과 템퍼된 마르텐사이트 조직을 이루도록 한다.Primary carburizing treatment at a high temperature of 850 to 960 ° C, or 0.5 to 5 volumes (V)% of ammonia gas (NH3), a modified gas of CO-N2-H2, and a mixed gas of CmHn type were introduced at 700 to 900 ° C. After the general carburizing and nitriding treatment, the temperature is lowered and the nitriding treatment is performed by introducing 25-65 volume (V)% of ammonia gas, modified gas of CO-N2-H2 and mixed gas of CmHn system near the vacancy point (600-740 ℃). As material for processing, mild steel, low carbon steel, high carbon steel, alloy steel, titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), chromium (Cr) -containing steel, molybdenum aluminum (Mo-Al) steel, and sintered products As a result of the treatment, ε-nitrides and carbides having a thickness of 10 to 50 µm are produced in the surface layer portion, and at the same time, they form a hardened fine grain bainite structure and martensite structure directly under the compound layer, or primary carburization at a high temperature. And carburized nitriding, mild steel, low carbon steel, high carbon steel, alloy steel, titanium (Ti) or bars After quenching or quenching metals such as Na (V), chromium (Cr), molybdenum aluminum (Mo-Al) steel, sintered products, castings, etc. Heavy hydrocarbon gas (CmHn), such as modified gas (GAS), propane gas (C3H8), and nitriding, containing an appropriate amount of carbon monoxide (Co), nitrogen (N2), and hydrogen (H2) in an austenite zone at 740 ° C. By heat-treating the atmosphere gas mixed with the gas (NH 3) in a suitable weight ratio inside the heat-treatment furnace, a compound layer containing some cementite containing 10-50 μm ε-nitride and carbide simultaneously on the surface of the metal is formed. And a hardened fine grain bainite structure and a tempered martensite structure beneath it.
뿐만아니라, 상기와 같이 공석점부근인 600∼740℃ 사이의 오스테나이트 구역에서 일산화탄소(Co)와, 질소(N2), 수소(H2)를 적당량 혼합한 변성가스(GAS)와, 프로판가스(C3H8)등 중탄화수소가스(CmHn계), 그리고 질화가스(NH3)를 적합한 중량비로 혼합한 분위기가스를 열처리노 내부에 투입하여 열처리함으로서, 금속의 표면에 10∼50㎛의 ε-질화물과 탄화물이 동시에 생성되는 약간의 세멘타이트가 포함된 화합물층을 형성하고, 그 아래에 질소와 탄소의 확산으로 오스테나이트의 형성을 촉진시킨후, 기름이나 수용성냉매, 물, 염욕 등의 냉매를 이용하여 켄칭함으로서, 경화된 미세립 베이나이트 조직과 템퍼된 마르텐사이트 조직을 갖도록 하여 화합물층 표면을 경화시킬 수도 있다.In addition, a modified gas (GAS) and propane gas (C3H8) in which an appropriate amount of carbon monoxide (Co), nitrogen (N2), and hydrogen (H2) are mixed in the austenite zone at 600 to 740 ° C near the vacancy point as described above. Atmospheric gas mixed with heavy hydrocarbon gas (CmHn) and nitride gas (NH3) in a suitable weight ratio is introduced into a heat treatment furnace, and heat treated by simultaneously heating 10-50 μm ε-nitride and carbide on the surface of the metal. By forming a compound layer containing a small amount of cementite produced, and promoting the formation of austenite by diffusion of nitrogen and carbon under it, and then quenching using a refrigerant such as oil, water-soluble refrigerant, water, salt bath, The surface of the compound layer may be cured by having a hardened fine grain bainite structure and a tempered martensite structure.
그리고 상기와 같이 600∼740℃ 사이의 오스테나이트 구역에서 일산화탄소(Co)와, 질소(N2), 수소(H2)를 적당량 혼합한 변성가스(GAS)와, 프로판가스(C3H8) 등 중탄화수소가스(CmHn계), 그리고 질화가스(NH3)를 적합한 중량비로 혼합한 분위기가스를 열처리노 내부에 투입하여 열처리함으로서, 금속의 표면에 10∼50㎛의 ε-질화물과 탄화물이 동시에 생성되는 약간의 세멘타이트가 포함된 화합물층을 형성하고, 그 아래에 경화된 미세립 베이나이트 조직과 템퍼된 마르텐사이트 조직을 형성한후, 에어나 수증기로 표면을 산화시켜 Fe304를 생성시키거나, 상기와 같이 600∼740℃ 사이의 오스테나이트 구역에서 일산화탄소(Co)와, 질소(N2), 수소(H2)를 적당량 혼합한 변성가스(GAS)와, 프로판가스(C3H8)등 중탄화수소가스(CmHn계), 그리고 질화가스(NH3)를 적합한 중량비로 혼합한 분위기가스를 열처리노 내부에 투입하여 열처리함으로서 금속의 표면에 10∼50㎛의 ε-질화물과 탄화물이 동시에 생성되는 약간의 세멘타이트가 포함된 화합물층을 형성하고, 그 아래에 경화된 미세립 베이나이트 조직과 템퍼된 마르텐사이트 조직을 형성한후, 표면을 래핑하여 조도를 개선시켜 450∼650℃ 사이에서 에어나 수증기로 표면을 산화시켜 Fe3O4를 생성시킬 수도 있다.In the austenite zone at 600 to 740 ° C., heavy hydrocarbon gas such as modified gas (GAS), propane gas (C3H8), and a mixture of carbon monoxide (Co), nitrogen (N 2), and hydrogen (H 2) in an appropriate amount, CmHn-based) and a small amount of cementite in which 10 to 50 µm ε-nitride and carbide are simultaneously formed on the surface of the metal by injecting an atmosphere gas mixed with nitride gas (NH 3) in an appropriate weight ratio into the heat treatment furnace. After forming a compound layer containing, and formed under the hardened fine grain bainite structure and tempered martensite structure, the surface is oxidized with air or steam to produce Fe304, or as described above 600 ~ 740 ℃ Heavy hydrocarbon gas (CmHn) such as modified gas (GAS), propane gas (C3H8), and nitride gas (CoS) containing nitrogen monoxide (Co), nitrogen (N2) and hydrogen (H2) in an austenite zone between them. Mix NH3) in suitable weight ratio Injecting the atmosphere gas into the heat treatment furnace and performing heat treatment to form a compound layer containing some cementite on the surface of the metal, which simultaneously produces 10-50 μm of nitride and carbide, and cured fine grain bainite After the formation of the tempered martensitic tissue with the tissue, the surface may be wrapped to improve roughness to oxidize the surface with air or water vapor at between 450 and 650 ° C. to produce Fe 3 O 4.
이와같이 본 발명으로 처리된 피열물은, 표면의 색상이 회색이거나, 회청색으로 깨끗하여 최종 완성품으로 사용이 가능하며, 외관의 조도를 향상시키기 위하여 래핑을 하거나 표면에 Fe3O4가 생성되도록 검게 산화시키고 오일을 분사하면, 종래 내식성을 향상시키기 위하여 파카라이징이나 전착도장, 크롬, 아연, 니켈도금하던 공정을 생략할 수 있다.Thus, the subjects treated with the present invention, the color of the surface is gray or gray-blue, and can be used as the final finished product, it is wrapped or blackened to produce Fe3O4 on the surface to improve the roughness of the oil and oil When spraying, in order to improve the corrosion resistance of the prior art, it is possible to omit the process of the coating, electrodeposition coating, chromium, zinc, nickel plating.
상기한 본 발명을 실시하기 위해서는 일반 올케이스로나, 종형로, 박스타입로, 피트, 연속로등 지금까지 개발되어 사용되어지는 모든 열처리로에서 가능하나, 여기에는 분위기의 적절한 혼합을 위하여 상하부의 단독 및 공용의 교반팬을 설치하거나, 소입실에 유속조절이 가능한 단독 및 양측의 교반팬을 구성하며, 노내부의 분위기를 맞출수 있는 각종의 가스라인 설치와 일정한 온도를 유지하기 위한 가열장치 및 온도제어장치를 구성하며, 암모니아 헤리도 측정기와, O2, Co2분석이 가능한 기기들을 설치하면 이상적이다.In order to implement the above-described present invention, it is possible to use all the heat treatment furnaces developed and used so far, such as a general all-case furnace, a vertical furnace, a box type, a pit, a continuous furnace, etc. And a common agitating fan, or a single and both agitating pans capable of adjusting the flow rate in the quenching chamber, a variety of gas lines to match the atmosphere inside the furnace, and a heating device and temperature control to maintain a constant temperature. It is ideal to install a device and install ammonia helido meter and instruments capable of O2 and Co2 analysis.
상기한 본 발명의 시험사례를 예시하면 다음과 같다.Illustrating the test cases of the present invention described above are as follows.
1)일반연강(SHPI, SPCC, SPHC)을 소재로 하는 ψ240의 자동차용 디스크 아세이 플레이트(DISK ASS'Y PLATE)를 본 발명으로 고온질탄화처리하여, 그대로 조립하여서 내구성을 테스트한 결과 300만회 실시하는 스톱퍼 토르그(STOPPER TORQUE)시험에 합격하였고 파손이 없었으므로 곧바로 적용하여도 무방하다는 판단을 갖게 되었다.1) The high-temperature nitriding of ψ240 automobile disk assay plate (DISK ASS'Y PLATE) made of general mild steel (SHPI, SPCC, SPHC) with the present invention, assembling as it is, durability test 3 million times Passed the STOPPER TORQUE test and there was no damage, so it was decided that it could be applied immediately.
그러므로 지금까지 자동차용 디스크 아세이 플레이트를 고온질탄화 처리할때 열변형을 막기 위하여 필수적으로 실시하였던 열간프레스 템퍼링 공정을 생략할 수 있게 되었다.Therefore, it is possible to omit the hot press tempering process, which has been essential to prevent thermal deformation during the high temperature carbonization treatment of automotive disk assay plates.
2)자동차의 트랜스 밋숀의 부품인 기어 및 슬리브를 본 발명으로 고온질탄화처리하여 검사한 결과 표면경도, 경화심도가 기존 침탄처리물과 동일하면서도 기존침탄처리물은 치형변화가 50㎛인 반면, 본 발명에 의한 처리물은 치형변화가 15㎛로 본 발명에 의한 처리가 월등히 뛰어났다.2) As a result of inspecting the gear and sleeve which is a part of the transmission part of automobile by high temperature nitriding with the present invention, the surface hardness and hardening depth are the same as those of the existing carburized materials, while the tooth carburized materials have a tooth change of 50㎛. The treatment according to the present invention had a tooth change of 15 µm, which was excellent in the treatment according to the present invention.
3)소재가 S45C인 와샤를 기존의 방법으로 침탄처리 하였을 때 평면도상의 변형정도가 0.25∼0.42㎛이었으며, 본 발명으로 약 5시간 고온질탄화처리하였을때 표면경도가 Hv760∼840정도이며, 유효경화(Hv550) 깊이가 0.3mm이상으로 내마모성을 충분히 지녔고, 내부경도 또한 Hv200 정도로 기존의 침탄질화하였을 때와 동일한 결과치를 얻을 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 평면도상의 변형정도가 0.05∼0.10mm로 후가공처리를 생략하여도 되었다.3) When the washer material of S45C was carburized by the conventional method, the degree of deformation in the plan view was 0.25 to 0.42 µm, and the surface hardness was about Hv760 to 840 when the high temperature carbonization treatment was performed for about 5 hours according to the present invention. (Hv550) Depth of 0.3mm or more has sufficient abrasion resistance, and the internal hardness is not only the same as that of the existing carburizing and nitriding at about Hv200, but also the deformation degree in plan view is 0.05 to 0.10mm, so that the post-processing treatment is omitted. It became.
상기한 바와같이 본 발명은 금속의 표면에 10∼50㎛의 ε-질화물과 탄화물이 동시에 생성되는 약간의 세멘타이트가 포함된 화합물층을 형성하여, 표면의 색상이 회색이겨나, 회청색으로 깨끗하여 최종 완성품으로 사용이 가능하며, 외관의 조도를 향상시키기 위하여 래핑을 하거나 표면에 Fe304가 생성되도록 검게 산화시키고 오일을 분사하면, 종래 내식성을 향상시키기 위하여 파카라이징이나 전착도장, 크롬, 아연, 니켈도금 하던 공정을 생략할 수 있는 것은 물론, 화합물층 아래에 질소와 탄소의 확산으로 오스테나이트의 형성을 촉진시킨 후, 기름이나 수용성냉매, 물, 염욕 등의 냉매를 이용하여 켄칭함으로서, 경화된 미세립 베이나이트 조직과 템퍼된 마르텐사이트 조직을 갖도록 하여 고하중에 의한 마모와 박리를 방지하며, 찍힘 윤활 등에 좋은 효과를 발휘한다.As described above, the present invention forms a compound layer containing some cementite on which the surface of the metal simultaneously forms 10-50 μm ε-nitride and carbides, and the surface of the surface is grayish, but it is grayish blue and clean. It can be used as a finished product, and when it is wrapped or black oxidized to produce Fe304 on the surface to improve the roughness of the surface, and sprays oil, it is possible to improve the corrosion resistance of conventional coatings such as parkaizing or electrodeposition coating, chromium, zinc, nickel plating. The step can be omitted, as well as the formation of austenite by the diffusion of nitrogen and carbon under the compound layer, and then quenched using a refrigerant such as oil, water-soluble refrigerant, water, salt bath, etc. It has nit structure and tempered martensite structure to prevent abrasion and peeling by high load, and is good for lubrication And it exerts.
뿐만아니라, 처리제품의 내부는 복합심부조직-페라이트의 구성으로, 원소재의 경도와 같이 유지됨으로서, 소재의 연성을 가질 수 있다.In addition, the interior of the treated product is a composite deep tissue-ferrite configuration, which is maintained as the hardness of the raw material, thereby having a ductility of the material.
또한 일부 강종을 선택적으로 사용하면(0.35∼0.55%탄소강)은 특히, 높은 내부강도와 장시간 내마모성이 필요한 곳에 좋은 성질을 나타낼 수 있고, 저가의 탄소/망간강으로 고가의 합금 경화강을 대체할 수도 있다.Selective use of some steel grades (0.35 to 0.55% carbon steel) can provide good properties, especially where high internal strength and long wear resistance are required, and can be used to replace expensive alloy hardened steels with low-cost carbon / manganese steel. .
또한 티타늄(Ti)이 0.15∼0.25%정도 함유된 강을 사용하게 되면 표면층의 경도 상승으로 내마모, 내피로, 내충격특성이 더욱 항상 되며, 처리제품의 열처리 후 변형에 있어서는 통상적인 표면경화법과 비교하여 아주 적고, 특히, 켄칭온도가 낮아서 변형량의 감소를 가져올 수가 있다.In addition, when steel containing 0.15 ~ 0.25% of titanium (Ti) is used, wear resistance, fatigue resistance and impact resistance are always more increased due to the hardness of the surface layer, and compared with the conventional surface hardening method in the deformation after heat treatment of the treated product. Very small, in particular, the lower the quenching temperature can lead to a reduction in the amount of deformation.
화합물층 직하의 층에 질소 및 탄소가 많아 경화능이 우수하여, 낮은 온도에서의 소입이 가능한 것이다.Nitrogen and carbon are abundant in the layer directly below the compound layer, and the curing ability is excellent, and quenching at low temperature is possible.
이 때문에 비합금강, 연강등에도 적용가능한 장점을 가지고 있다.This has the advantage of being applicable to non-alloyed steel and mild steel.
또한 오일(기타 전술한 켄칭냉매)에 켄칭시 교반속도 및 방법에 의하여 변형을 줄이는데 기여할 수가 있다.It can also contribute to reducing strain by stirring speed and method when quenching in oil (other quenching refrigerants described above).
처리온도 및 시간, 교반의 속도 및 방법에 의하여 치수변화의 예측이 가능하므로 재현성, 양산성이 있고, 생성되는 층의 두께만큼의 변형이 유발되므로 전 공정에서 가공량을 조절하면 일정한 품질의 제품생산이 가능하다.It is possible to predict dimensional change by treatment temperature and time, agitation speed, and method, so it is reproducible and mass-produced, and deformation as much as the thickness of layer is generated. This is possible.
또한 황삭한 제품을 900℃에서 공냉이나 로냉하여 켄칭한 후에 600∼740℃ 사이에서 응력제거하는 제품에 대해서는 열처리후 치수변화를 고려하여 정삭을 한 후 고온질탄화를 실시하면 더욱 정밀한 치수의 제품을 생산할 수 있기 때문에 바로 조립, 사용이 가능한등 신규유용한 발명이다.In addition, for products that are stress-removed between 600 and 740 ° C after quenching the roughened product at 900 ° C by air cooling or furnace cooling, high-quality nitriding carbonization is performed after finishing heat treatment in consideration of dimensional change after heat treatment. It is a new and useful invention that can be assembled and used immediately because it can be produced.
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CN106222606A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-14 | 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 | A kind of process controlling the carburized workpiece non-martensite degree of depth |
CN106319182A (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2017-01-11 | 上海汇众汽车制造有限公司 | Mold manufacturing method for preventing stamping workpiece surface galling |
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KR102258477B1 (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2021-05-31 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Manufacturing Method of Injector Clamp with Improved Rust-preventing Properties |
KR102463834B1 (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2022-11-04 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Method of carbonitriding process for metal products |
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CN106222606A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-14 | 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 | A kind of process controlling the carburized workpiece non-martensite degree of depth |
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