KR100224308B1 - A purifier of smoke - Google Patents

A purifier of smoke Download PDF

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KR100224308B1
KR100224308B1 KR1019970034211A KR19970034211A KR100224308B1 KR 100224308 B1 KR100224308 B1 KR 100224308B1 KR 1019970034211 A KR1019970034211 A KR 1019970034211A KR 19970034211 A KR19970034211 A KR 19970034211A KR 100224308 B1 KR100224308 B1 KR 100224308B1
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soot
layer
cao
mgo
incinerator
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KR1019970034211A
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Korean (ko)
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KR19990011217A (en
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조연옥
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조연옥
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
    • F23G7/07—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/005—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by heat treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
    • B01J20/12—Naturally occurring clays or bleaching earth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
    • B01J20/14—Diatomaceous earth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
    • B01J20/16—Alumino-silicates

Abstract

본 발명의 소각로의 매연 정화장치에 관한 것으로, 본 발명에서는 종래의 소각장치에서 집진이 끝난 후의 매연을 750-800℃의 유해물질 제거실내에서 매연과 접촉시 반응하여 유해물질들을 제거하는 각종 유도물질제거촉매제, 예를 들면, 규조토, 조라이트, 활성백토, 황토를 덩어리상태로 만든 것을 적층하여 이에 집진된 매연을 통과시킴으로서 유해물질인 황산가스, 일산화탄소, 염소, 질소와 이들의 화합물들이 효과적으로 제거될 수 있게 한 것이다.The present invention relates to a soot purifying apparatus of an incinerator, and according to the present invention, various types of inductive substances which react with soot in a 750-800 ° C removal of harmful substances after dust collection in a conventional incinerator are removed to remove harmful substances. Removal catalysts such as diatomaceous earth, zolite, activated clay, loess, and lumps of loess are laminated and passed through the dust collected so that harmful substances such as sulfuric acid gas, carbon monoxide, chlorine, nitrogen and their compounds can be effectively removed. It was made possible.

Description

소각로의 매연 정화장치Incinerator Soot Purifier

본 발명은 소각로의 매연 정화장치에 관한 것으로, 특히 연료 또는 산업 쓰레기 소각시 발생하는 매연을 가열된 촉매와 접촉시켜 입자상 매연은 물론 유해한 가스상 매연까지도 제거할 수 있게 한 것이다.The present invention relates to a soot purifying apparatus of an incinerator, and in particular, the soot generated during incineration of fuel or industrial waste is contacted with a heated catalyst to remove particulate soot as well as harmful gaseous soot.

일반적으로 연료 또는 산업 쓰레기, 생활 쓰레기의 소각은 소각로에서 소각시킨 후 이때 발생한 매연을 집진기에서 집진 후 대기로 방출하거나, 특별한 경우 매연을 가스로 재 연소시킨 후 집진기를 거쳐 대기 중에 방출하고 있다.In general, the incineration of fuel, industrial waste, and household waste is incinerated in an incinerator, and the smoke generated at this time is discharged from the dust collector to the atmosphere after being discharged to the atmosphere, or in special cases, the smoke is re-burned with gas and then discharged to the atmosphere through the dust collector.

그러나, 이상과 같은 종래의 연소에 의하여 매연을 정화장치는 입자상 매연 즉 분진 제거에는 효과가 있으나, 인체에 유해하며 악취를 발생하는 다이옥신, 페놀, 일산화탄소, 황산, 염소, 질소등과 이들의 화합물로 이루어진 가스상 매연은 제거되지 않은 상태로 방출시켜 환경 및 대기오염의 심각한 문제를 일으키고 있다.However, the apparatus for purifying soot by the conventional combustion as described above is effective in removing particulate soot, that is, dust, but it is harmful to the human body and generates odors such as dioxins, phenols, carbon monoxide, sulfuric acid, chlorine, nitrogen, and the like and compounds thereof. The gaseous soot produced is released without being removed, causing serious problems of the environment and air pollution.

따라서, 매연은 집진에 의한 입자상 매연의 제거 뿐만 아니라 매연 중에 포함되어 있는 가스상 매연을 제거하여야 할 필요가 있다.Therefore, the soot needs to remove not only particulate soot by dust collection but also gaseous soot contained in the soot.

본 발명에서는 종래의 소각장치에서 집진이 끝난 후의 매연을 750-800℃의 유해 물질 제거실내에서 매연과 접촉시 반응하여 입자상과 가스상 매연들은 제거하는 각종 유도 물질 제거 촉매제, 예를 들면 규조토, 제오라이트, 산성백토, 황토를 덩어리 형태의 괴상 즉 벽돌형 또는 구공탄형으로 만든 것을 적층하여 이에 집진된 매연을 통과시킴으로서 다이옥신, 페놀, 황산가스, 일산화탄소, 염소, 질소와 이들의 화합물들과 같은 유해 물질로 이루어진 가스상 매연을 효과적으로 제거될 수 있게 한 것이다.In the present invention, various inductive substance removal catalysts, such as diatomaceous earth, zeolite, which react with contact with soot in a 750-800 ° C. hazardous material removal chamber after dust collection in a conventional incinerator, remove particulate and gaseous fumes. It is made up of harmful substances such as dioxins, phenols, sulfuric acid gases, carbon monoxide, chlorine, nitrogen and their compounds by stacking acidic clay and loess into blocks of mass, ie brick or ball coal, and passing through the dust collected therein. The gas phase soot can be effectively removed.

도1은 본 발명의 구성 예시도.1 is an exemplary configuration diagram of the present invention.

도2는 본 발명의 요부 예시도.2 is an exemplary view illustrating main parts of the present invention.

* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

30 : 유해물질제거기 31 : 제 2 연소실30: Hazardous Substance Remover 31: Second Combustion Chamber

40 : 규조토층 50 : 제오라이트층40: diatomaceous earth layer 50: zeolite layer

60 : 산성백토층 70 : 황토층60: acidic clay layer 70: yellow soil layer

80 : 구획망판80: compartment panel

이하, 첨부된 도면에 의하여 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, described in detail by the accompanying drawings as follows.

도1은 본 발명의 구성 예시도이고, 도2는 본 발명의 요부 예시도로서, 본 발명은 연료 또는 각종 쓰레기를 연소하는 소각로(10)의 매연을 집진기(20)에서 매연을 집진 한 후 굴뚝으로 방출하기 전에 매연 중의 유해 물질 제거를 위한 유해 물질제거기(30)를 구성함에 있어서, 상기 유해물질제거기(30)는 하부의 제2연소실(31)에 매연유입구(32)와 가스버어너(33)를 구비하고, 내벽에는 내열성 단열재(34)를 구축하며 그 내부에는 상기 제2연소실(31)의 연소열에 의하여 가열되며 하부로부터 유해 물질 제거 촉매인 규조토층(40), 제오라이트층(50), 산성백토층(60), 황토층(70)을 구비한다.Figure 1 is an exemplary view of the configuration of the present invention, Figure 2 is an exemplary view of the main portion of the present invention, the present invention is a chimney after collecting the smoke in the dust collector 20, the smoke of the incinerator 10 for burning fuel or various wastes In constituting the toxic substance remover 30 for removing toxic substances in the smoke before releasing to the, the toxic substance remover 30 is a soot inlet 32 and the gas burner 33 in the lower second combustion chamber 31 ), A heat resistant heat insulating material 34 is formed on the inner wall thereof, and the inside thereof is heated by the combustion heat of the second combustion chamber 31, and the diatomaceous earth layer 40, the zeolite layer 50, which are catalysts for removing harmful substances from the lower part, An acid clay layer 60 and an ocher layer 70 are provided.

여기서, 상기 층들은 받침턱(35)에 지지되는 로스톨과 같은 구획망판(80)에 의하여 구획되는 것으로, 상기 규조토층(40)은 SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, CaO, MgO 등을 주성분으로 한 규산이 포함된 규조단세포(원형, 침형, 주형)다공질 각의 집합체로서 규산, 규조, 알루미늄 등으로 이루어진 규조토를 300 매시로 분쇄하고 합성하여 물과 혼합한 후 10톤 이상으로 가압하여 가로 145㎜, 높이 150㎜의 구공탄형 또는 2-3㎤ 크기의 덩어리로 이루어진 괴상으로 만들어 800℃의 온도에서 6-8시간 소성 처리하여 수분자를 제거하므로서 공극을 확장시켜서 흡착 및 흡장에 의하여 입자상 매연인 분진을 제거하고, 수소 치환을 막고 페놀 형성을 차단하여 다이옥신류등의 생성을 방지하는 것이다.Here, the layers are partitioned by partition nets 80 such as rostol supported on the support 35, and the diatomaceous earth layer 40 is formed of SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , Fe 2 O 3 , CaO, Diatomaceous single cell (round, needle, template) porous aggregate containing silicic acid containing MgO as its main component. Diatomaceous earth consisting of silicic acid, diatom, aluminum, etc. It is pressurized and made into a block of 145mm in width, 150mm in height and made of agglomerate of 2-3cm in size, and it is calcined at 800 ℃ for 6-8 hours to remove moisture and expand pores by adsorption and occlusion. It is to prevent the formation of dioxins and the like by removing particulate particulate dust, preventing hydrogen substitution and blocking phenol formation.

그리고, 상기 제오라이트(불석)층(50)은 SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, K2O, Na2O, CaO, MgO 주성분으로 물리적인 흡착성과 화학적인 양이온 치환 작용을 하는 성능이 탁월한 알칼리 알루미늄규산염을 주성분으로 구성된 것으로서 삼차원 골조 구조로 격자사이의 공동 안에 수분자와 강목 구조의 세공이 통상 수 Å의 균일 경을 이루고 있어 흡착력이 우수하고 양이온을 포함한 다공질체의 제오라이트를 300 매시로 분쇄하고 합성하여 물과 혼합한 후 10톤 이상으로 가압하여 가로 230㎜, 세로 55㎜, 높이 65㎜의 벽돌형 또는 2-3㎤ 크기의 덩어리로 이루어진 괴상으로 만들어진 800℃로 6-8시간 가열하여 함유된 결정수, 유기 물질 및 철분 입자를 소진 제거하므로서 공극을 팽창시켜 흡착력을 높여 음이온성이 큰 공동의 수분자와 교환성을 이루는 규산과 알루미나 비례의 양이온으로 가스상 매연을 열의 피크 형성으로 분해하고, 수소 치환을 차단하며, 산소 연결을 차단하여 페놀 형성을 막아 가스상 매연을 완전 소지하는 것이다.In addition, the zeolite (fluorite) layer 50 is SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , Fe 2 O 3 , K 2 O, Na 2 O, CaO, MgO main component of the physical adsorption and chemical cation substitution performance Mainly composed of this excellent alkali aluminum silicate, the three-dimensional frame structure has a uniform diameter of several 통상 of water and steel structure in the cavity between the lattice, so it has excellent adsorptive power and 300 masses of porous zeolite containing cation. Pulverized, synthesized, mixed with water, pressurized to 10 tons or more, and then heated to 800 ° C at 800 ° C made of blocks of 230 mm long, 55 mm long, 65 mm high, or 2-3 cm 3 in size. It removes the crystalline water, organic matter and iron particles contained by heating and expands the pores to increase the adsorption power, so that the proportion of silicic acid and alumina is exchangeable with the water of the anionic cavity. Cations decompose gaseous soot into heat peak formation, block hydrogen substitution, and block oxygen connections to prevent phenol formation, thus completely possessing gaseous soot.

또한, 상기 산성백토층(60)은 SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, MgO, CaO, Na2O, K2O 등이 몬묘릴로나이트 광물질로 미세한 공극으로 이루어지고 내부 면적이 크며 흡착성을 지닌 산성 규산염 점토 등으로 이루어진 산성백토를 300 매시로 분쇄하고 합성하여 물과 혼합한 후 10톤 이상으로 가압하여 가로 385㎜, 세로 230㎜, 높이 150㎜의 블록형 또는 2-3㎤ 크기의 덩어리로 이루어진 괴상으로 만들어 800℃로 가열하여 공극을 팽창시켜서 흡착력을 높여 양이온 교환성과 수소이온의 화학적 활성과 과잉 규산 작용으로 가스상 매연을 중화시켜 냄새를 완전 제거하고 산소 연결 고리를 차단하여 다이옥신류 등의 생성을 막는 것이다.In addition, the acidic clay layer 60 is SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , Fe 2 O 3 , MgO, CaO, Na 2 O, K 2 O and the like is composed of fine porcelain monmorylonite mineral and a large internal area An acid clay made of adsorbent acid silicate clay is crushed into 300 meshes, synthesized, mixed with water, and then pressurized to 10 tons or more to block 385 mm wide, 230 mm long, 150 mm high, or 2-3 cm 3 in size. It is made of agglomerates of lumps and heated to 800 ℃ to expand the pores to increase the adsorption power to increase gas adsorption by neutralizing gaseous soot by cation exchange and chemical activity of hydrogen ions and excess silicic acid, and completely remove odor and block oxygen linkage. It is to prevent the creation of the back.

한편, 상기 황토층(70)은 SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, TiO2, MnO, CaO, MgO 등을 주성분으로 하여 규산염, 알루미늄, 규조규산, 알카리 등을 함유한 이온성과 양이온성 및 염기치환성등 화학적인 반응과 물리적인 흡수, 흡착력을 지닌 점토성의 황토를 200-300 매시로 분쇄하고 합성하여 물과 혼합한 후 10톤 이상으로 가압하여 가로 145㎜, 높이 150㎜의 구공탄형 또는 2-3㎤ 크기의 덩어리로 이루어진 괴상으로 만들어 800℃로 가열하여 공극을 팽창시켜 흡착력을 높인 것으로, 불완전 연소된 가스상 매연을 흡장하여서 소진, 정화시키는 것이다.On the other hand, the ocher layer 70 is composed of SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , Fe 2 O 3 , TiO 2 , MnO, CaO, MgO, etc. as the main component ionic and cationic containing silicate, aluminum, diatomic silicic acid, alkali, etc. And clay clays with chemical reactions such as base substitution and physical absorption and adsorption capacity are pulverized and synthesized with 200-300 mash, mixed with water, and pressurized to 10 tons or more. Alternatively, it is made of a block of 2-3 cm 3 sized mass and heated to 800 ° C. to expand the pores to increase the adsorption power, and to absorb and purify the incompletely burned gaseous soot.

이상과 같은 유해 물질 제거용 괴상 촉매들은 적층하되 괴간에 충분한 간격들이 유지되게 적층하여 매연이 상부로 통과할 수 있게 한다.As described above, the bulk catalysts for removing harmful substances are stacked so that sufficient intervals are maintained between the stacks, so that the soot can pass upward.

이와 같이 구성된 본 발명 매연 정화장치는 소각로(10)에서 발생한 매연을 집진기(20)에서 입자상 매연인 분진을 집진 한 후 유해물질제거기(30)의 제2연소실(31)에서 가스버어너(33)의 화염과 상기 연소열에 의하여 750-800℃로 가열된 규조토층(40), 제오라이트층(50), 산성백토층(60), 황토층(70)의 괴사이를 통과하면서 계속적으로 재연소에 의하여 각층의 촉매 특성에 따라 각종 유해 가스가 함유되어 있는 가스상의 매연이 제거된 후 배출구(36)를 통해 굴뚝으로 배출된다.The soot purification apparatus of the present invention configured as described above collects the dust generated in the incinerator 10 in the dust collector 20 and collects the dusts in the form of particulate smoke, and then burns the gas burner 33 in the second combustion chamber 31 of the harmful substance remover 30. Of each layer by continuously reburning while passing between the flames of the diatomaceous earth layer 40, the zeolite layer 50, the acidic clay layer 60, and the ocher layer 70 heated to 750-800 ° C. by the combustion heat. According to the characteristics of the catalyst, gaseous fumes containing various harmful gases are removed and then discharged to the chimney through the outlet 36.

다음 표는 페스티로폴과 폐유를 연소시킨 후 오염물질을 측정한 결과이다.The following table shows the results of pollutants measured after burning pestopol and waste oil.

Figure kpo00002
Figure kpo00002

본 발명은 이상과 같은 작용이므로 집진된 매연중의 유해 물질들을 750-800℃의 유해물질제거기(30)내부에서 지속적인 재연소와 성질이 다른 촉매와 접촉하므로서 입자성 매연과 가스상 매연을 흡착 내지는 연소 반응에 의해 제거하므로서 소각시 발생한 매연을 환전 정화된 상태로 배출하는 효과가 있다.Since the present invention operates as described above, the particulate matter and the gaseous fumes are adsorbed or burned by contacting the hazardous substances in the collected soot with catalysts having different properties and continuous recombustion in the toxic substance remover 30 at 750-800 ° C. By removing by the reaction there is an effect to discharge the smoke generated during incineration in the state of exchange.

Claims (1)

소각로에서 발생한 매연을 집진 하여 유해 물질을 제거하는 유해물질제거기를 구성함에 있어서 ; 상기 유해물질제거기(30)는 내벽에 내열성 단열재(34)를 구비하고 하부의 제2연소실(31)에 매연유입구(32)와 가스버어너(33)를 구비하고, 그 상부에는 유해 물질 제거를 위하여 상기 제2연소실(31)의 연소열에 의하여 750-800℃로 가열되며 괴상으로 이루어져 SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, CaO, MgO 등을 주성분으로 하는 규조토층(40), SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, K2O, Na2O, CaO, MgO 등을 주성분으로 하는 제오라이트층(50), SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, K2O, Na2O, CaO, MgO 주성분으로 하는 산성백토층(60), SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, TiO2, MnO, CaO, MgO 등을 주성분으로 하는 황토층(70)을 층설하여서 된 소각로의 매연 정화장치.In the construction of a noxious substance eliminator which collects soot generated in an incinerator to remove noxious substances; The hazardous substance remover 30 has a heat-resistant heat insulating material 34 on the inner wall and a soot inlet 32 and a gas burner 33 in the lower second combustion chamber 31, and removes the harmful substance thereon. In order to be heated to 750-800 ℃ by the heat of combustion of the second combustion chamber 31 to form a bulk diatomaceous earth layer 40, SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , Fe 2 O 3 , CaO, MgO, etc. as a main component Zeolite layer 50 composed mainly of 2 , Al 2 O 3 , Fe 2 O 3 , K 2 O, Na 2 O, CaO, MgO, etc., SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , Fe 2 O 3 , K 2 O The clay soil layer 60 containing Na 2 O, CaO and MgO as the main component, and the ocher layer 70 including SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , Fe 2 O 3 , TiO 2 , MnO, CaO, MgO as a main component The soot purification device of the incinerator.
KR1019970034211A 1997-07-22 1997-07-22 A purifier of smoke KR100224308B1 (en)

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KR101110553B1 (en) * 2004-12-22 2012-01-31 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 Removal method of hydrogen sulfide in coke oven gas
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