KR100221808B1 - Hydraulic driving apparatus of hydraulic shovel - Google Patents

Abstract

The blades are subjected to various operations without narrowing the space in the cab and degrading the operability of the blades.

When the changeover switch 7 is placed on the front side, the upstream portions 21c to 26c of each pilot line are the lines 21a and 22a for raising and lowering the boom. The pilot pressure is connected to the lines 23a and 24a for the arm dump and the crowd crowd lines 25a and 26a for the bucket crowd and the hydraulic pressure of the work front 150. It is guide | induced to the direction switching valve 13 etc. which drive the actuator 11, 12, etc. When the switch 7 is placed on the blade side, the upstream portions 21c to 26c of each pilot line are blade raising and lowering lines 21b and 22b and blade left and right lines 23b, respectively. 24b is connected to the blade right and left upward tilt lines 25b and 26b to drive the pilot pressures of the actuators 12, 113 and 114 of the blade 110. Guide to the switching valve.

Description

Hydraulic drive system of hydraulic shovel

The present invention relates to a hydraulic drive of the hydraulic shovel, and more particularly to a hydraulic drive of the hydraulic shovel provided with a blade.

Background Art Conventionally, a hydraulic shovel equipped with a blade includes a hydraulic cylinder for elevating a blade, and an operating lever for expanding and elevating the blade hydraulic cylinder is provided separately from the work front operation operating lever. When working with the blade, the hydraulic cylinder is extended to ground the blade, otherwise the hydraulic cylinder is shrunk to raise the blade from the ground. However, in this case, since a space for installing the blade raising and lowering operation lever is required separately, there is a problem that the space in the cab becomes narrow. Thus, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7 (1995) -247572, a structure is proposed in which a blade elevating operation lever is not required by attaching a blade elevating operation means to a traveling operation lever. It is.

In recent years, with the diversification of the work using a blade, the structure which not only elevates a blade but also performs an operation | movement, such as a tilt (rightward upward and leftward upward), an angle (front right and left front), is proposed. As a means for manipulating such an operation, by applying the structure of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7 (1995)-247572, the blade tilt operating means and the blade angle operating means are mounted on two separate operating levers. . Therefore, when attempting to elevate, tilt, or operate the blade, each operation means provided on the three operation levers must be operated, resulting in a problem of deterioration in operability during blade operation.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is to provide a hydraulic shovel of a hydraulic shovel capable of causing the blade to perform various operations without narrowing the space in the cab and degrading the operability of the blade.

1 is a hydraulic circuit diagram showing a pilot system in the hydraulic drive apparatus of the first embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a side view showing the overall structure of a hydraulic shovel (shovel) to which the hydraulic drive device of Figure 1 is applied.

3 is a plan view showing the structure of the blade mounting portion of the hydraulic shovel shown in FIG.

Fig. 4 is a hydraulic circuit diagram showing typical portions other than the pilot system in the hydraulic drive apparatus of the first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 shows each actuator operation operable by multiple levers.

6 is a view showing the structure of a changeover switch shown in FIG.

Fig. 7 is a hydraulic circuit diagram showing a pilot system in the hydraulic drive apparatus of the second embodiment of the present invention.

8 is a hydraulic circuit diagram showing a pilot system in a modification.

Fig. 9 is a view showing each actuator operation that can be operated by the multi-flavor in the modification.

Fig. 10 is a hydraulic circuit diagram showing a pilot system in the hydraulic drive apparatus of the third embodiment of the present invention.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: operation lever device (operation means for boom, first operation means, operation means for elevating, second operation means, common part for boom, part employed)

2: operation lever device (arm operating means, first operating means, angle operating means, second operating means, common part for arms, shared part)

3: operation lever device (bucket operation means, first operation means, tilt operation means, second operation means, bucket common part, shared part)

4: operation lever device (first operation means)

7: changeover switch (switching means)

11: dark cylinder (arm operating means, first operating means)

12a, 12b: cylinder for blade angle (angle operating means, second operating means)

13: Arm direction switching valve (arm operating means, first operating means)

14: direction switch valve for blade angle (angle operation means, second operation means)

21: Pilot line for boom raising and blade raising

21a: Pilot line for boom raising (manipulation means for boom, first operation means)

21b: Pilot line for blade raising (elevating means, second operation means)

21c: Upstream side (operation means for boom, first operation means, lifting operation means, second operation means, shared portion for boom, shared portion)

22: Pilot line for boom lowering and blade lowering

22a: pilot line for boom lowering (manipulation means for boom, first operation means)

22b: Pilot line for blade lowering (elevating means, second control means)

22c: Upstream portion (manipulation means for boom, first operation means, elevating operation means, second operation means, shared portion for boom, shared portion)

23: Pilot line for arm dump blade left angle

23a: pilot line for arm dump (arm operation means, first operation means)

23b: pilot line for blade left angle (operating means for angle, second operating means)

23c: upstream side (arm operating means, first operating means, angle operating means, second operating means, common part for arms, shared part)

24: Pilot line for female crowd blade right angle

24a: Pilot line for arm cloud (arm operating means, first operating means)

24b: Pilot line for blade right angle (operation means for angle, 2nd operation means)

24c: Upstream side (arm operating means, first operating means, angle operating means, second operating means, common part for arms, shared part)

25: Pilot line for bucket cloud blade right tilt

25a: Pilot line for bucket cloud (bucket operation means, first operation means)

25b: Pilot line for blade rising right tilt (operating means for tilting, second operating means)

25c: Upstream portion (bucket operating means, first operating means, tilt operating means, second operating means, bucket common portion, shared portion)

26: Pilot line for bucket dump and blade rising and falling tilt

26a: bucket line pilot line (bucket operation means, first operation means)

26b: Pilot line for blade left upward tilt (operating means for tilting, second operating means)

26c: Upstream portion (bucket operating means, first operating means, tilt operating means, second operating means, bucket common portion, shared portion)

27: pilot turning line for the left (first operation means)

28: priority pilot line (first operation means)

30: electromagnetic switching valve (switching means)

31 to 36: switching valve (switching means)

101: undercarriage

102: upper swing structure

110: blade

113: blade lifting cylinder (lifting means, second operation means)

114a and 114b: blade tilt cylinders (tilt control means, second control means)

150: working front

151: Boom

152: cancer

153: Bucket

154: boom cylinder (first operation means, operation means for the boom)

155: bucket cylinder (first operation means, operation means for the bucket)

170L, 170R: Multiflavor (operating lever)

171L: Operation lever for driving

207a: switching switch (arm switching means)

207b: changeover switch (change means for boom)

207c: switching switch (bucket switching means)

230a: electromagnetic switching valve (arm switching means)

230b: electromagnetic switching valve (switching means for the boom)

230c: Electronic switching valve (bucket switching means)

In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, it is provided in the hydraulic shovel having a lever and an upper swinging body, a work front provided on the upper swinging body, a lower traveling body, and a blade mounted on the lower traveling body side. A hydraulic shovel of a hydraulic shovel having a working front and first operating means for operating the upper swing body and a second operating means for operating the blade, wherein a part of the first operating means is disposed in the second operation means. The shared portion is used as a part of the first operating means when operating the work front and the upper swing structure, and the shared portion is operated when the blade is operated. A switching means for switching the connection relationship with the operation object of the shared part is provided so as to be used as a part of the operation means of 2. The hydraulic drive system of the excavator is provided.

Generally, in the hydraulic shovel provided with a blade, when operating a blade, operation of a working front and an upper swing body is hardly performed. Therefore, in the present invention, a structure is shared between the first operation means for operating the work front and the upper swing structure and the second operation means for operating the blade, and at the same time, the operation front and the upper swing structure are switched. The shared means is used as the first operating means by switching the means, and when the blade is operated, the switching means is switched to use the shared part as the second operating means. As a result, the space for installing the second operating means does not need to be provided separately from the first operating means with respect to the common part, so that the space in the cab can be prevented from narrowing. In addition, since the common part of the first operating means, which is installed in consideration of the operability in advance when the blade is operated, is used as the second operating means as it is, the operability at the time of blade operation is not deteriorated and good operability can be obtained.

(Example)

Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figs.

The hydraulic drive device of the present embodiment is applied to a known hydraulic shovel equipped with a blade, for example, the hydraulic shovel described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1 (1989)-98258. The side view which showed the whole structure of this hydraulic shovel is shown in FIG. 2, and the top view which shows the structure of the blade mounting part of the hydraulic shovel shown in FIG.

2 and 3, the hydraulic shovel includes a lower traveling body 101, a blade 110 mounted on the lower traveling body 101 via a blade arm 107, and an upper swinging body ( 102, the work front 150 provided in this upper swing body 102, and this work front 150, and the boom 151 connected to be able to rotate to the upper swing body 102, Arm 152 connected to the boom 151 so that rotation is possible, and bucket 153 connected to this arm 152 so that rotation is provided are provided.

The lower traveling body 101 is provided with a track frame 106, and the blade arm 107 is provided in this track frame 106 so that it can rock up and down. At the distal end of the blade arm 107, a bracket 118 is rotatably mounted around the axis P in the vertical direction. The blade 110 is rotatably mounted about an axis O in the front-rear direction with respect to the bracket 118 via a ball bearing. Moreover, between the bracket 118 and the blade 110, the link members 116 and 116 which connect these bracket and a blade so that relative rotation is possible are provided. At this time, ball bearings are also provided at the connecting portions of the link member 116, the blade 110, and the bracket 118.

The blade arm 107 is connected to the connecting frame 117, the rod portion 113a of the blade lifting cylinder 113 is rotatably connected to the connecting frame 117, the blade lifting cylinder The bottom portion 113b of 113 is rotatably connected to the track frame 106. Thereby, the blade 110 can be lifted and lowered by the expansion and contraction of the blade lift cylinder 113.

The rod portions 114aa and 114ba of the blade tilt cylinders 114a and 114b are rotatably connected to both end portions of the blade 110, respectively, and the blade tilt cylinders 114a and 114b of the blade 110 are rotated. The bottom parts 114ab and 114bb are rotatably connected to the center side of the bracket 118. As a result, the blade 110 is viewed (viewed from the operator side) by the extension of the cylinder 114a and the contraction of the cylinder 114b, or the contraction of the cylinder 114a and the extension of the cylinder 114b. It is possible to tilt in the right raising direction or the left raising direction.

Further, the rod portions 12aa and 12ba of the blade angle cylinders 12a and 12b are rotatably connected to both ends of the bracket 118, respectively, and the blade angle cylinders 12a and 12b are rotated. The bottom portions 12ab and 12bb of the blades are rotatably connected to the blade arm 107. As a result, the blade left end (as viewed from the operator side) is moved forward or right by the expansion of the cylinder 12a and the contraction of the cylinder 12b or the contraction of the cylinder 12a and the expansion of the cylinder 12b. The angle is enabled forward.

1 and 4 is a hydraulic circuit diagram showing a hydraulic drive device of the present embodiment provided in the hydraulic shovel as described above. FIG. 1 shows a circuit of the pilot system, and FIG. 4 shows a representative part of circuits other than the pilot system.

1 and 4, the hydraulic pump 10 driven by an engine (not shown) and the boom cylinder 154 operated by the hydraulic oil from this hydraulic pump 10 (refer FIG. 2). ), Dark cylinder 11, bucket cylinder 155 (see Fig. 2), swing motor (not shown), left and right running motor (not shown), blade lifting cylinder 113 (see Fig. 2) And a plurality of hydraulic actuators including the blade angle cylinders 12a and 12b, the blade tilt cylinders 114a and 114b (see FIG. 2), and the hydraulic actuators 11 and 12, and the like. A plurality of operation lever devices including operation lever devices 1 to 4 provided to operate each of them, a hydraulic pump 10 and a plurality of hydraulic actuators 11, 12 connected, and operated A plurality of directional control valves, which are controlled by the operation signals of the lever devices 1 to 4 and which respectively control the flow rates of the hydraulic oil supplied to the hydraulic actuators 11 and 12, are provided. It can control. However, in FIG. 1, only the arm direction switching valve 13 is shown in FIG. 4, and this and the blade angle direction switching valve 14 are shown as an example. The above has formed the hydraulic drive device for driving the driven member of the hydraulic shovel.

In addition, the above-described work front 150, the upper swinging body 102, the lower traveling body 101 and the blade 110 forms a driven member driven by the hydraulic actuators 11, 12, etc., Their operation is instructed by the operation lever devices 1 to 4 or the like.

The operation lever devices 1 to 4 are hydraulic pilot systems called pilot operation devices that output pilot pressure as operation signals and drive corresponding directional valves 13, 14, etc. It is formed of the operation lever device 1 for a blade, the operation lever device 2 for arm blade angles, the operation lever device 3 for bucket blade tilts, and the operation lever device 4 for turning. As shown in Fig. 1, each of the operation lever devices 1 to 4 is provided with operation levers 1a, 2a, 3a, 4a, operation levers 1a, And pressure reducing valves 1b, 2b, 3b, and 4b that generate pilot pressures corresponding to the manipulated amounts and operating directions of (2a), (3a), and (4a).

The primary port side of the pressure reducing valves 1b, 2b, 3b, and 4b is connected to a hydraulic source 8 (e.g., a pilot pump driven by an engine), and the secondary port side is a pilot Hydraulic drives such as directional valves 13, 14, etc., corresponding through lines 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28 13a, 13b, 14a, 14b, and the like.

Pilot lines 21 to 28 are pilot lines 21 for raising and lowering the boom, pilot lines 22 for lowering and lowering the boom, and pilot lines for left angle of the arm dump blades (23). ), Pilot line 24 for female crowd blades right angle, pilot line 25 for bucket crowd blade rising right tilt, and bucket dump blade rising left It is formed with the tilt pilot line 26, the left turning pilot line 27, and the prior-use pilot line 28. As shown in FIG. Among them, the pilot lines 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, and 26 have two lines 21a, 21b, 22a, and 22b on the downstream side, respectively. ), (23a) and (23b), (24a) and (24b), (25a) and (25b), (26a) and (26b) are branched into the switching valves (31) and (32), respectively. , (33), (34), (35), and (36) are provided.

That is, the upstream side portion 21c of the pilot line 21 for boom raising and blade raising is selectively connected to the pilot line 21a for blade raising and the pilot line 21b for blade raising through the switching valve 31. Upstream side 22c of pilot line 22 for boom lowering and blade lowering is selectively connected to pilot line 22a for lowering boom and pilot line 22b for lowering blade via switching valve 32, The upstream portion 23c of the pilot line 23 for the female dump blade left angle is selectively connected to the pilot line 23a for the female dump and the pilot line 23b for the blade left angle through the switching valve 33. Upstream portion 24a of pilot line 24 for female crowd blade right angle is selectively connected to pilot line 24a for female crowd and pilot line 24b for blade right via switching valve 34 The pilot for the bucket cloud blade right tilt The upstream side portion 25c of the in 25 is selectively connected to the pilot line 25a for the bucket cloud and the pilot line 25b for the blade right upward tilt through the switching valve 35, and the bucket dump blade left upward The upstream side 26c of the tilt pilot line 26 is selectively connected to the bucket dump pilot line 26a and the blade left upward tilting pilot line 26b via the switching valve 36.

The switching valves 31 to 36 are adapted to switch for the hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic pressure source 8 guided through the electromagnetic switching valve 30 driven by the signal from the switching switch 7. That is, when the changeover switch 7 is set to the "front side" position, the drive signal is not output and the solenoid changeover valve 30 is moved upward in FIG. 1 by the restoring spring 30a. Is not induced to the selector valves 31 to 36, the selector valves 31 to 36 are in the upper position in Fig. 1, and the upstream side portions of the pilot lines 21 to 26 are 21c) to 26c are pilot lines 21a for boom raising, pilot lines 22a for boom lowering, pilot lines 23a for arm dumping, pilot lines 24a for dark clouds, and pilot lines for bucket crowd ( 25a), it is connected to the bucket line pilot line 26a. As a result, the pilot pressure is led to a drive unit such as a direction switching valve 13 for driving the hydraulic actuators 11 and 12 of the work front 150.

On the other hand, when the selector switch 7 is set to the "blade side" position, a drive signal is output and the solenoid selector valve 30 is in the lower position in FIG. The switch valves 31 to 36 are guided downward in Fig. 1, and the upstream portions 21c to 26c of the pilot lines 21 to 26 are respectively blades. Pilot line 21b for raising, pilot line 22b for blade lowering, pilot line 23b for blade left angle, pilot line 24b for blade right angle, pilot line 25b for blade right tilting, blade It is connected to the pilot line 26b for upward left tilt. As a result, the pilot pressure is guided to a driving unit such as a direction switching valve 14 for driving the hydraulic actuators 12, 113, and 114 of the blade 110.

Further, among the plurality of operation lever devices, the operation levers 1a to 4a of the operation lever devices 1 to 4 are provided with an operation lever 1a and an operation lever 2a as one lever, and an operation lever. It is called so-called multi-flavor 170 in which 3a and operating lever 4a are formed as one lever. This makes it possible to operate two actuators with one lever operation. This is shown in Figs. 5A and 5B.

Fig. 5A shows an example of an actuator operation that can be operated by a multi-flavor when the changeover switch 7 is in the "front side" position, and corresponds to the operation direction seen from the operator side in the cab 160, and the top and bottom in the figure. The direction is shown as the front-rear direction in the cab 160 and the left-right direction in the figure is shown as the left-right direction in the cab 160. As shown in the figure, two levers 170L and 170R (refer to FIG. 2) are provided at the left and right sides of the driver's seat 163, in which case the right lever 170R is boom and The bucket lever and the left lever 170L are arms and swing levers. The forward and backward operation of the right lever 170R is an operation for lowering and raising the boom 151, and the left and right operation are operations for performing a crowd dump of the bucket 153. For example, when the lever 170R is pulled to the front of the left side, the boom raising and the bucket crowd can be combined. In addition, the front-back direction operation of the left lever 170L is an operation for performing the priority / left turn of the upper swing body 102, and the left-right direction operation for dumping the arm 152. For example, when the lever 107L is pulled right in front of the right side, a combination of the left turn and the dark crowd can be performed.

On the other hand, Fig. 5B shows an example of an actuator operation that can be operated by the multiflavor 170L, 170R when the changeover switch 7 is in the " blade side " position. As in Fig. 5A, the cab 160 is shown. It corresponds to the operation direction seen from the operator side. In this case, the right lever 170R serves as a blade raising and tilting lever, and the left lever 170L serves as a blade angle and a turning lever. The forward and backward operation of the right lever 170R is an operation for lowering and raising the blade 110, and the left and right operation are operations for performing a right ascending and a left ascending of the blade 110. For example, when the lever 170L is pulled straight forward, the blade 110 may be tilted upward while raising the blade 110. In addition, the left-right operation of the left lever 170L is an operation for performing the left angle and right angle of the blade 110. In addition, the front-back direction operation of the left lever 170L is operation which performs the priority turning and left turning similar to FIG. 5A.

Also, among the plurality of operating lever devices, the operating levers 171L (see FIG. 2) and 171R (not shown) for operating the left and right traveling motors are more than the multi-flavor 170L, 170R. 163 is provided on the front side, and as shown in FIG. 6, the selector switch 7 for switching the above-mentioned selector valves 31 to 36 is formed of the driving levers 171L and 171R. It is installed in either side. Thereby, the operability at the time of switching operation of switching valve 31-36 can be improved.

Further, in the above structure, the upstream side portions 21c to 26c of the pilot lines 21 to 26 and the front pilot lines 21a and 26a, such as the operation lever devices 1 to 4, respectively. ), Pilot lines 27, 28, directional valves 13, and the like, and hydraulic actuators 11, 151, 153, etc., operate the work front 150 and the upper pivot 102. The first operating means is constituted, and the operating lever devices 1 to 3, the upstream portions 21c to 26c of the pilot lines 21 to 26, and the pilot line 21b for each operation of the blade. Blade cylinders 12, 113, and 114, such as the direction switching valve 14, constitute second operation means for operating the blade 110. In addition, the upstream side portions 21c to 26c of the operating lever devices 1 to 3 and the pilot lines 21 to 26 share a portion shared between the first operating means and the second operating means. When the selector switch 7, the solenoid selector valve 30, and the selector valves 31 to 36 operate the work front 150 and the upper swinging body 102, the first shared operation is performed. It is used as a part of the means, and when operating the blade 110, the switching means for switching the connection relationship with the operation object of the part to be shared so as to use the part to be shared as part of the second operation means.

In addition, the upstream side portions 21c, 22c of the operation lever device 1, the pilot lines 21, 22, and the pilot lines 21a, 22a, 22a for boom raising and lowering, and directional valves for booms. (Not shown) and the boom cylinder 154 constitute an operation means for the boom, and the upstream portions 23c, 24c and arm dump of the operation lever device 2, the pilot line 23, and 24 Crowd pilot lines 23a and 24a, arm direction switching valves 13 and arm cylinders 11 constitute arm operating means, and control lever devices 3, pilot lines 25 and 26 The upstream side portions 25c and 26c and the pilot line 25a and 26a for the bucket dump and cloud, the diversion valve (not shown) for the bucket and the bucket cylinder 155 constitute the bucket operating means. .

Further, the upstream side portions 21c and 22c of the operation lever device 1 and the pilot lines 21 and 22 constitute a common part for the boom, and the operation lever device 2 and the pilot line 23, The upstream side portions 23c and 24c of 24 constitute a common part for arms, and the upstream side portions 25c and 26c of the operating lever device 3 and the pilot lines 25 and 26 are provided. Configure the common part for the bucket.

In addition, the upstream side portions 21c and 22c of the operation lever device 1, the pilot lines 21 and 22, and the pilot line 21b and 22b for elevating the blade, and the directional valve for elevating the blade ( (Not shown) and the blade lifting cylinder 113 constitute the lifting operation means for lifting up the blade 110, and the upstream side portions of the operating lever device 2, the pilot lines 23, 24 ( 23c), 24c, and pilot line 23b, 24b for blade left and right angles, the angle direction switching valve 14, and the angle cylinder 12 for angle operation of the blade 110 An operating lever device 3, an upstream side portion 25c, 26c of the operating lever device 3, the pilot lines 25, 26, and a pilot line 25b for a blade right upward tilt and left upward tilt; , 26b, the tilt direction change valve (not shown) and the tilt cylinder 114 constitute tilt operating means for tilting the blade 110.

The operation of the hydraulic drive device will be described as follows.

(1) When operating the work front 150 and the swinging operation of the upper swing body 102

For example, when the operator intends to dump the arm 152, the selector switch 7 is set to the "front side", and the selector valves 31 to 36 are set to the upper position in the figure, and FIG. What is necessary is just to operate the left lever 170L shown to a) to the left direction (equivalent to operating the operation lever 2a of the arm and blade angle operation apparatus 2 in A direction in FIG. 1). Then, the pilot source pressure from the hydraulic pressure source 8 is changed to a pressure proportional to the operation amount of the operation lever 2a by the pressure reducing valve 2b, and to the upstream side portion 23c of the pilot line 23a. Is output. At this time, since the upstream side portion 23c is connected to the arm dump pilot line by the switching valve 33, this pressure is passed through the arm dump pilot line 23a to the hydraulic drive part 13a of the female direction switching valve 13. ), The spool of the direction change valve 13 is switched to the left position in FIG. In this way, the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic pump 10 is supplied to the bottom side of the arm cylinder 11, the arm cylinder 11 is operated to extend, and the arm 152 is operated to dump.

Here, when the operator intends to crowd the arm 152, the left lever 170L shown in FIG. 5A may be operated in the right direction (operation lever of the operating device 2 for arm blade angle in FIG. 1). (2a) is equivalent to operating in the B direction). Then, the pilot source pressure from the hydraulic pressure source 8 is changed to a pressure proportional to the operation amount of the operation lever 2a by the pressure reducing valve 2b, and is output to the upstream side portion 24c of the pilot line 24. At this time, since the upstream side portion 24c is connected to the female crowd pilot line 24a by the switching valve 34, this pressure is applied to the hydraulic pressure of the direction switching valve 13 via the female crowd pilot line 24a. It is given to the drive part 13b, and the spool of the direction change valve 13 is switched to the right position of FIG. In this way, the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic pump 10 is supplied to the rod side of the arm cylinder 11 so that the arm cylinder 11 is operated to retract and the arm 152 is operated to be crowded. In addition, when an operator intends to stop the arm 152, what is necessary is just to return the left lever 170L shown in FIG. 5A to a neutral position (the operating lever 2a of the operating device 2 for arm and blade angles). Equivalent to returning to neutral position). Then, the pressure reducing valve 2b connects the upstream portions 23c and 24c of the pilot lines 23 and 24 to the tank 9, and the provision of the pilot pressure to the directional valve 13 is released. Then, the direction switching valve 13 is restored to the neutral position by the restoring spring, and the operation of the arm 152 is stopped.

In addition, although the case where the arm 152 was dumped and described above was demonstrated, the raising and lowering of the boom 151, the dump-crowd of the bucket 153, the priority turn of the upper swing body 102, and the left line The same applies to the case where the ashes are performed. By carrying out such lever operation alone or by appropriately knitting, the work front 150 can be bent in a desired manner, or the upper swing body 102 can be swung at a desired speed, thereby enabling excavation reloading. .

(2) When operating the blade 110

For example, when the operator intends to left-angle the blade 110, the selector switch 7 is set to the "blade side", and the selector valves 31 to 36 are set to the lower position in FIG. What is necessary is just to operate the left lever 170L shown to 5b to the left direction (equivalent to operating the operation lever 2a of the arm and blade angle operation apparatus 2 in A direction in FIG. 1). Then, the pilot source pressure from the hydraulic pressure source 8 is changed to a pressure proportional to the operation amount of the operation lever 2a by the pressure reducing valve 2b, and is output to the upstream side portion 23c of the pilot line 23. At this time, since the upstream side portion 23c is connected to the blade left angle pilot line 23b by the switching valve 33, this pressure passes through the blade left angle pilot line 23b. To the hydraulic drive unit 14a, the spool of the direction change valve 14 is switched to the left position in FIG. Thus, the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic pump 10 is supplied to the rod side of the blade angle cylinder 12a and the bottom side of the cylinder 12b, so that the cylinder 12a operates in the contracting direction and the cylinder 12b operates in the extending direction. The blade 110 is operated so as to be left angled (as seen from the operator side, the left end of the blade 110 moves forward).

Here, when the operator intends to right-angle the blade 110, the left lever 170L shown in FIG. 5B may be operated in the left direction (operation of the female blade angle operating device 2 in FIG. 1). Corresponds to operating the lever 2a in the B direction). Then, the pilot source pressure from the hydraulic pressure source 8 is changed to a pressure proportional to the operation amount of the operation lever 2a by the pressure reducing valve 2b, and is output to the upstream side portion 24c of the pilot line 24. At this time, since the upstream side portion 24c is connected to the blade right angle pilot line 24b by the switching valve 34, this pressure is passed through the blade right angle pilot line 24b. It is applied to the hydraulic drive part 14b, and the spool of the direction change valve 14 is switched to the right position in FIG. Thus, the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic pump 10 is supplied to the rod side of the blade angle cylinder 12b and the bottom side of the cylinder 12a, so that the cylinder 12b operates in the contracting direction and the cylinder 12a operates in the extending direction. The blade 110 is operated so as to be right-angled (as seen from the operator side, the right end of the blade 110 moves forward). In addition, when an operator intends to stop the angle operation of the blade 110, what is necessary is just to return the left lever 170L shown in FIG. 5B to a neutral position (operation lever (of the operating device for arm and blade angles 2). Equivalent to returning 2a) to the neutral position). Then, the pressure reducing valve 2b connects the upstream portions 23c and 24c of the pilot lines 23 and 24 to the tank 9, and the provision of the pilot pressure to the directional valve 14 is released. Then, the direction switching valve 14 is returned to the neutral position by the restoring spring, the angle operation of the blade 110 is stopped.

In addition, although the above-described bar blade 110 has been described with respect to the left angle and right angle, the blade 110 is raised and lowered and left tilt and right tilt (left end and right end of the blade 110 as viewed from the operator side). The same applies to this case. By carrying out such lever operation alone or appropriately by knitting, the blade 110 can be operated in a desired mode to perform work using a variety of blades. At this time, when the left lever 170L shown in Fig. 5B is operated in the front-rear direction, the turning operation described in (1) can be performed simultaneously.

In the hydraulic drive device of the present embodiment configured as described above, the following effects are obtained.

Generally, in the hydraulic shovel provided with the blade 110, when operating the blade 110, operation of the working front 150 and the upper swing body 102 is hardly performed. Thus, in the present embodiment, the upstream side portions 21c to 26c of the operating lever devices 1 to 4 and the pilot lines 21 to 26 are replaced with the work front 150 and the upper swinging body ( 102 is a common structure for both the operation of the blade 110 and the operation of the blade 110. When the work front 150 and the upper swing structure 102 are operated, the switching valves 31 to 36 are operated. 1, the common portion is used to operate the work front 150 and the upper swinging body 102, and the switching valves 31 to 36 are operated when the blade 110 is operated. The common part is used to operate the blade 110 by switching to one downward position. This eliminates the necessity of newly installing a blade operating lever device separately from the operating lever devices 1 to 4, thereby preventing the space in the cab 160 from narrowing. In addition, compared with the case where a blade operation lever device is newly installed separately from the operation lever devices 1 to 4, the number of parts is reduced, so that the cost can be reduced. In addition, when the blade 110 is operated, it can be operated by the multi-flavors 170L and 170R provided by the work front 150 operation and the swing structure of the upper swing structure 102, so that the operability is good. You can get it.

In the above embodiment, the changeover switch 70 is provided on the driving operation levers 171L and 171R. However, the changeover switch 70 may be provided on the multiflavor 170L and 170R without being limited thereto.

A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. This embodiment is an embodiment in which the structure and the switching method of the selector valve are different. The same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member equivalent to 1st Example, and description is abbreviate | omitted.

Fig. 7 is a hydraulic circuit diagram showing a pilot system circuit in the hydraulic drive device of the present embodiment, which corresponds to Fig. 1 of the first embodiment. In Fig. 7, the ones different from the first embodiment are provided with electromagnetic switching valves 230a to 230c instead of the switching valves 31 to 36, respectively. The signals from the three changeover switches 207a to 207c which are the same as the changeover switch 7 are outputted to switch independently.

That is, when the selector switches 207a to 207c are in the "front side" position, the drive signal is not output and the solenoid selector valves 230a to 230c are in the upper position in Fig. 7 by the restoring spring. The upstream portions 21c to 26c of the pilot lines 21 to 26 are respectively a pilot line 21a for raising a boom, a pilot line 22a for lowering a boom, a pilot line 23a for an arm dump, and an arm. It is connected to the crowd pilot line 24a, the bucket crowd pilot line 25a, and the bucket dump pilot line 26a. On the other hand, when the selector switches 207a to 207c are in the " blade side " position, a drive signal is output so that the solenoid selector valves 230a to 230c are switched to the lower position in FIG. The upstream side portions 21c to 26c of) to (26) are pilot line 21b for blade raising, pilot line 22b for blade lowering, pilot line 23b for blade left angle, and blade right angle, respectively. It is connected to the pilot line 24b, the pilot line 25b for blade right upward tilt, and the pilot line 26b for blade left upward tilt.

These changeover switches 207a to 207c are provided in a console (not shown) in the cab 160, unlike the changeover switch 7 of the first embodiment.

The other structure is almost the same as in the first embodiment.

In the above configuration, the female switching means for switching the connection of the female common part to use the female common part as a part of the female operating means when the selector switch 207a and the electromagnetic switching valve 230a operate the arm 152. When the switch 207b and the solenoid valve 230b operate the boom 151, the boom switching means for switching the connection of the boom common part to use the boom common part as part of the boom operating means is configured. And the bucket switching means for switching the connection of the bucket common part to use the bucket common part as part of the bucket operating means when the changeover switch 207c and the electromagnetic switching valve 230c operate the bucket 153. Configure

According to the present embodiment configured as described above, in addition to the same effects as those in the first embodiment, the boom raising and lowering operation, the blade raising and lowering operation switching, the arm dump cloud operation and the blade left and right angle operation, The switching between the control, bucket dump and cloud operation and the blade lift and tilt lift operation can be performed independently of each other, so that a finer conversion is possible depending on the working mode.

In the first and second embodiments, the boom raising operation and the blade raising operation, the boom lowering operation and the blade lowering operation, the arm dump operation and the blade left angle operation, the arm cloud operation and the blade right angle operation, and the bucket dump operation And blade left upward tilt operation, bucket crowd operation and blade right upward tilt operation are switched to each other. However, the combination of these operations may be appropriately changed depending on the use. In this case, the same effect is obtained. However, with regard to the organization of this operation, the following modifications may be considered for other purposes. The hydraulic drive apparatus by this modification is demonstrated with reference to FIG. 8, FIG. 9A, FIG. 9B.

8 is a hydraulic circuit diagram of the pilot system, and corresponds to FIG. 7 of the second embodiment. In this Fig. 8, the difference from the second embodiment is that the boom raising and lowering and the bucket cloud dumping in organizing the operation are replaced, and the bucket cloud operation and the blade raising operation, the bucket dump operation and the blade lowering operation, The boom lowering operation and the blade rising and tilting operation, the boom lowering operation and the blade rising and tilting operation are related to each other. 9A and 9B show the operation directions of the multiplexers 170L and 170R.

Fig. 9A shows an actuator operation which can be operated by the multiflavors 170L and 170R when the selector switches 207a to 207c are all in the "front side" position, which corresponds to Fig. 5A of the first embodiment. It is. As can be seen in comparison with FIG. 5A, in the right lever 170R, the boom raising and lowering and the bucket crowd dump are replaced, and the forward and backward operation is an operation for performing the crowd dump of the bucket 153, The left-right direction operation is an operation for lowering and raising the boom 151. In such a modification, the following effects are obtained.

That is, for example, when the switching switches 207a to 207c are switched to the blade side to switch the electromagnetic switching valves 230a to 230c to the downward position in FIG. 8, the blade is being used. The earth and sand in front of 110 may become high with progress of a work, and there may be a possibility that the situation which contacts the bucket 153 may arise. In such a case, the switching switch 207c may be switched to the "front side" to restore the electromagnetic switching valve 230c to the upper position in FIG. The actuator operation which can be operated by the multiplexers 170L and 170R at this time is shown in Fig. 9B. As shown in FIG. 9, at this time, since the boom 151 can be operated by the right lever 170R, the boom 151 is operated by operating the right lever 170R to the left while continuing the blade lifting operation, which is the basic operation. The soil may be raised to avoid contact with the bucket 153.

In addition, although the boom raising / lowering and the bucket crowd dump were replaced in formation of operation in FIG. 7, it is not limited to this. That is, the boom raising and lowering and the dark crowd dump can be replaced. You can also replace the boom raising, lowering, priority and left turn. In the latter case, the operation lever device 4a, 4b can always operate the boom 151 irrespective of the changeover switch 207, while the changeover operation of the changeover switch 207b allows the operation lever device 1 to operate. It is possible to selectively switch whether to perform left-right turning operation or blade raising / lowering operation. The yaw may be switched so that the means for operating the boom 151 and the means for elevating the blade 110 are not shared, so that the blade elevating operation and the boom raising and lowering operation can be simultaneously performed. Get the same effect.

A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. This embodiment is an embodiment where a so-called operating lever device provided with an electric lever is provided. Members equivalent to those of the first and second embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.

Fig. 10 is a hydraulic circuit diagram showing a furnace of the pilot system in the hydraulic drive device of the present embodiment. In FIG. 10, instead of the operation lever devices 1 to 4, the operation lever devices 310 to 317 each provided with operation levers 310a to 317a are provided, and these operation lever devices are also provided. A controller 326 to which an operation signal from (310) to (317) is input, and an electromagnetic pressure reducing valve (318) for reducing pressure of the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic source (8) in accordance with an output signal from the controller (326). ) To 325 are particularly different from the first embodiment.

That is, the operation lever devices 310 to 317 are the left turning operation lever device 310, the priority turning operation lever device 311, the bucket cloud blade right lift lever operation 312, and the bucket. Operation lever device 313 for tip-and-left tilt tilting, operation lever device 314 for raising and lowering the boom, operation lever device 315 for lowering and lowering the boom, and arm dump blade for left angle The operation lever device 316 and the operation lever device 317 for the female crowd blade right angle are formed. These operating lever devices 310 to 317 are each provided with potentiometers 310b to 317b for detecting the operating positions of the operating levers 310a to 317a and outputting corresponding electric signals. The controller 326 performs a predetermined operation according to the electrical signals from the potentiometers 310b to 317b, and outputs driving signals to the corresponding electromagnetic pressure reducing valves 318 to 325, respectively. The primary port side of the electromagnetic pressure reducing valves 318 to 325 is connected to the hydraulic source 8, and the secondary port side is connected to the corresponding pilot lines 21 to 28. In addition, the operation lever devices 310 to 317 are similar to the first embodiment, so that the actuators shown in FIG. 5A or 5B can be operated by switching the changeover switch 7 so that the two operation levers as multiplexers can be used. Lever 170L, 170R are integrated.

The other structure is almost the same as in the first embodiment.

In the hydraulic drive system, for example, when the operator intends to dump the arm 152, the left lever 170L shown in Fig. 5A is operated to the left side with the changeover switch 7 at the "front side" ( 10 corresponds to operating the operating lever 316a of the arm dump blade left angle operating device 316), and an electric signal corresponding to this operation amount is input to the controller 326, and a drive signal corresponding thereto. Is output from the controller 326 to the electromagnetic pressure reducing valve 324. As a result, the pilot source pressure from the hydraulic pressure source 8 is changed to a pressure proportional to the manipulated amount and output to the upstream portion 23c of the pilot line 23. The following is the same as in the first embodiment. When the operator crowds the arm 152, when the left lever 170L is operated in the right direction in Fig. 5A, a drive signal corresponding to the manipulated variable is output from the controller 326 to the electromagnetic pressure reducing valve 325. , The pilot source pressure is changed to a pressure proportional to the workload and output to the upstream portion 24c of the pilot line 24. The following is the same as in the first embodiment. In addition, when the operator stops the arm 152, when the left lever 170L in FIG. 5A is returned to the neutral position, the drive signal corresponding thereto is transmitted from the controller 326 to the electromagnetic pressure reducing valves 324 and 325. The pressure reducing valves 324 and 325 connect the upstream side portions 23c and 24c of the pilot lines 23 and 24 to the tank 9. The following is the same as in the first embodiment. The same applies to boom raising and lowering, bucket dump cloud, priority turn and left turn.

In addition, when operating the blade 110, the selector switch 7 is set to the "blade side", the selector valves 31-36 are set to the downward position in FIG. The corresponding operations may be performed by using ˜ 317 to 317, and the flow of signals and pilot pressure at that time is basically the same as in the above front operation, and thus detailed description thereof will be omitted.

This embodiment also obtains the same effects as in the first embodiment.

In addition, in the first to third embodiments, the operation directions of the actuator operations in the multiflavors 170L and 170R are arranged as shown in Figs. 5A and 5B, but this is not limitative. For example, the left lever 170L may be a boom and bucket lever, the right lever 170R may be an arm and a turning lever, and the left lever 170L may be a boom and a turning lever, and the right lever 170R may be an arm and a lever. The operation direction is not particularly limited, such as a lever for a bucket. In this case, the same effect is obtained.

According to the present invention, it is not necessary to set the space for installing the second operating means separately from the first operating means, so that the space in the cab can be prevented from narrowing. In addition, since the common part of the first operating means, which is installed in consideration of the operability in advance when the blade is operated, is used as the second operating means as it is, good operability can be obtained without degrading the operability at the time of blade operation.

Claims (5)

A first hydraulic excavator provided with an upper swing body, a work front provided on the upper swing body, a lower travel body, and a blade mounted to the lower travel body to operate the work front and the upper swing body. In the hydraulic drive device of the hydraulic shovel having an operating means and a second operating means for operating the blade, While sharing a part of the first operation means with the second operation means, The shared portion is used as part of the first operating means when operating the work front and the upper swing structure, and the shared portion is used as part of the second operating means when operating the blade. And a switching means for switching the connection relationship with the operation target of the shared portion. 2. The work front according to claim 1, wherein the work front has a boom connected to the upper pivot body, an arm connected to the boom, and a bucket connected to the arm. , The first operating means includes a boom operating means for operating the boom, an arm operating means for operating the arm, and a bucket operating means for operating the bucket, The shared part includes a common part for a boom provided in the operation means for the boom, an arm common part provided in the arm operation means, and a bucket common part provided in the operation means for the bucket, The second operation means includes an elevating operation means for elevating the blade, an angle operation means for operating the blade at an angle, and a tilt operation means for tilting the blade, The switching means includes a part of the boom operating means, the arm operating means, and the bucket operating means when the work front and the upper swinging body operate the common part for the boom, the common part for the arm and the common part for the bucket. When switching the connection of each common part so as to use each, and operating the said blade, the said lifting operation means and the angle operation means respectively corresponding the said boom common part, the said arm common part, and the said bucket common part, respectively. And switching the connection relationship with the operation object of each common part so as to be used as part of any one of said tilt operating means. 2. The work front according to claim 1, wherein the work front has a boom connected to the upper pivot body, an arm connected to the boom, and a bucket connected to the arm. , The first operating means includes a boom operating means for operating the boom, an arm operating means for operating the arm, and a bucket operating means for operating the bucket, The shared part includes a common part for a boom provided in the operation means for the boom, an arm common part provided in the arm operation means, and a bucket common part provided in the operation means for the bucket, The second operation means includes an elevating operation means for elevating the blade, an angle operation means for operating the blade at an angle, and a tilt operation means for tilting the blade, The switching means includes boom switching means for switching the connection of the boom common part to use the boom common part as part of the boom operating means when operating the boom, and the common part for arm when operating the arm. Arm switching means for switching the connection of the arm common part to be used as part of the arm operating means, and when the bucket is operated, the bucket common part is used as part of the bucket operating means. A switching means for the bucket for switching the connection, These boom switching means, arm switching means and bucket switching means are the lifting operation means and the angle operation respectively corresponding to the common part for the boom, the common part for the arm and the common part for the bucket, when the blade is operated. A hydraulic drive device for a hydraulic shovel, characterized in that the connection relationship with the operation object of each common part can be switched so as to be used as part of any one of said means and said operating means for tilting, and can be switched independently from each other. 4. The boom switching means according to any one of claims 2 and 3, wherein the boom switching means uses the boom common portion as a part of the second operation means other than the lifting operation means when operating the blade. A hydraulic drive device for a hydraulic shovel, characterized in that the connection relationship between a common part for a boom and an operation object is switched. The method of claim 1, wherein the first operating means includes at least one operating lever, the switching means comprises a changeover switch, and the changeover switch is provided on any one of the control levers. Hydraulic driving device of the hydraulic shovel characterized in that.

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