KR100214801B1 - Antibiotics isolated from lindera obstiloba - Google Patents
Antibiotics isolated from lindera obstiloba Download PDFInfo
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- KR100214801B1 KR100214801B1 KR1019960044135A KR19960044135A KR100214801B1 KR 100214801 B1 KR100214801 B1 KR 100214801B1 KR 1019960044135 A KR1019960044135 A KR 1019960044135A KR 19960044135 A KR19960044135 A KR 19960044135A KR 100214801 B1 KR100214801 B1 KR 100214801B1
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- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- ginger
- essential oil
- extract
- present
- leaves
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/88—Liliopsida (monocotyledons)
- A61K36/906—Zingiberaceae (Ginger family)
- A61K36/9068—Zingiber, e.g. garden ginger
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/01—Hydrocarbons
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/01—Hydrocarbons
- A61K31/015—Hydrocarbons carbocyclic
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/045—Hydroxy compounds, e.g. alcohols; Salts thereof, e.g. alcoholates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/33—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
- A61K2236/331—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones using water, e.g. cold water, infusion, tea, steam distillation or decoction
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/50—Methods involving additional extraction steps
- A61K2236/51—Concentration or drying of the extract, e.g. Lyophilisation, freeze-drying or spray-drying
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Alternative & Traditional Medicine (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
본 발명은 천연향료의 원료인 정유(essential oil)로 사용되는 생강나무 줄기 추출물 및 그의 제조방법에 관한 것으로서, 본 발명의 생강나무 줄기 추출물은 다양한 세균에 탁월한 효과를 나타내는 항생물질로 사용될 수 있다.The present invention relates to a ginger trunk extract which is used as an essential oil as a raw material of natural fragrance and a method for producing the ginger trunk extract. The ginger trunk extract of the present invention can be used as an antibiotic substance exhibiting an excellent effect on various bacteria.
Description
본 발명은 생강나무(Lindera obstiloba)줄기 추출물, 그의 제조방법 및 그의 항생물질로서의 용도에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a ginger tree (Lindera obstiloba) stem extract, its preparation method and its use as an antibiotic substance.
보다 상세하게는, 본 발명은 천연향료의 원료인 정유(essential oil)로 사용되는 생강나무 줄기 추출물 및 그의 제조방법에 관한 것으로서, 본 발명의 추출물은 다양한 세균에 탁월한 효과를 나타내는 항생물질로 사용될 수 있다.More particularly, the present invention relates to a ginger trunk extract which is used as an essential oil as a raw material of natural fragrance and a method for producing the ginger trunk extract. The extract of the present invention can be used as an antibiotic substance exhibiting an excellent effect on various bacteria have.
항생물질은 병원균은 죽이면서 인체 또는 동물에서는 독성이 낮고 체내의 효소 등에 의해 비활성화되지 않는 선택적 독성작용(selective toxicity)을 갖는 물질로서, 이는 주로 DNA의 복제, 유전정보의 전사 및 해독, 전자에너지의 수송, 세포벽의 생합성 등에 관여하여 미생물의 증식을 억제하는 기전을 통해 효과를 나타낸다.Antibiotics are substances that kill pathogens, have low toxicity in humans or animals, and have selective toxicity that is not inactivated by enzymes in the body. They are mainly DNA replication, transcription and decryption of genetic information, Transport, and biosynthesis of the cell wall, and thus exhibits an effect through the mechanism of inhibiting microbial proliferation.
항생물질을 플레밍(Sir Alexandor Fleming)이 1929년에 페니실린을 처음 발견하고, 플로리(Flory) 등이 1939년에 페니실리움 크리소제늄(Penicillium chrysogenum)의 배양액에서 페니실린을 분리·정제한 이후 1959년까지 본격적으로 연구가 이루어지면서 현재까지 치료제로 유용하게 사용되고 있는 벤질페니실린, 스트렙토마이신, 테트라사이클린 및 마크로라이드계의 에리트로마이신 등이 개발되었다.After Sir Alexander Fleming first discovered penicillin in 1929 and Flory et al. In 1939 separated and purified penicillin from the culture of Penicillium chrysogenum in 1959, , Studies on benzylpenicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline and macrolide erythromycin which have been used so far as therapeutic agents have been developed.
이후 페니실린류가 1965년에 처음 합성 방법에 의해 개발되었고, 합성에 의해 테트라사이클린류, 리파마이신류, 리노코마이신류 등이 반합성 제제로 실용화되기 시작하였다. 또한 최근에는 세균, 진균 및 방선균 등을 배양하여 분류하고 그의 대사산물을 분리·정제하는 방법, 항생물질의 치료효과에 대한 검색방법, 그의 안정성에 대한 평가방법 및 항생물질의 심부배양방법 등의 기술이 확립되었다.Penicillins were first developed by the synthetic method in 1965, and tetracyclines, rifamycins, and linocamycins were started to be used as semisynthetic agents by synthesis. In recent years, techniques such as a method of cultivating and classifying bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes and the like and separating and purifying their metabolites, a method of searching for the therapeutic effect of antibiotics, a method of evaluating its stability and a method of deep- Respectively.
지금까지 많은 항생제가 개발되고 사용되어 왔으나, 항생제는 사용에 의해 미생물에서 내성이 생기게 되므로 계속적인 새로운 항생제의 개발이 이루어져야 한다. 또한 대부분의 항생제는 여러 개의 카이랄 중심을 가지고 있을 뿐만 아니라 마크로라이드 또는 펩타이드와 같이 복잡한 구조를 가지고 있으므로, 그 합성이 어렵고 합성방법은 발효 방법과 비교하여 그 경제성이 매우 낮다. 따라서 새로운 항생제는 천연물로부터 새로운 물질 또는 그 중간산물을 발견하거나 그의 치환기를 변화시킴으로써 얻는 것이 유용하다.Although many antibiotics have been developed and used so far, antibiotics are resistant to microorganisms by their use, so new antibiotics should be continuously developed. In addition, most antibiotics not only have several chiral centers, but also have complex structures such as macrolides or peptides, so that their synthesis is difficult and their synthesis method is very inferior to the fermentation method. It is therefore useful to obtain new antibiotics by finding new substances or intermediates from natural products or by changing their substituents.
천연향료의 원료인 정유(essential oil)는 주로 식물의 내분비선에 분비되는 이차 대사산물로서, 식물의 꽃, 잎, 열매, 목질부 및 수피 등에 이르기까지 거의 모든 부위에 존재하고 식물의 종 또는 부위에 따라 독특한 향기와 향미를 나타내게 한다.Essential oil, which is a raw material of natural fragrance, is a secondary metabolite secreted mainly in the endocrine glands of plants. It is present in almost all parts of flowers, leaves, fruits, woody parts and bark of plants, It gives a unique fragrance and flavor.
18세기말 화학이 학문으로 괄목으로 발전하면서 정유 성분의 화학적 분자구조에 대한 연구도 활발히 이루어져 현재까지 천연자원에서 유도된 수 많은 종류의 정유 성분들이 보고되었다. 정유 성분의 기본 골격은 탄소 10-15개로 이루어지고 이에 매우 다양한 기능기를 포함한다. 이러한 구조를 갖는 천연 정유는 지금까지 동양 및 서양 모두에게 천연 향료의 원료로서, 향수, 향미료, 의약품 등으로 다양한 산업 분야에서 널리 이용됨으로써 매우 중요한 위치를 차지하고 있다.At the end of the 18th century, as chemistry developed into an academic discipline, research on the chemical molecular structure of essential oil components has been actively conducted, and so far many kinds of essential oils derived from natural resources have been reported. The basic skeleton of the essential oil component is composed of 10-15 carbon atoms and thus contains a wide variety of functional groups. Natural essential oils having such a structure have hitherto been very important because they are widely used in various industrial fields such as perfumes, spices and medicines as raw materials for natural perfumes for both oriental and western countries.
천연 정유를 생산할 수 있는 생강나무(Lindera obstusiloba)는 녹나무과(Lauraceae)에 속하는 낙엽활엽수 교목으로 우리 나라를 포함하여 일본, 중국, 만주 등지에 분포한다. 생강나무는 우리 나라 황해도 이남의 표고 100-1,600m 인 산기슭에 자생하며 3-5월에 개화하는데, 그의 꽃, 잎 줄기가 독특한 향기를 발하는 특징이 있으므로 그 줄기를 약용으로 사용되고, 그의 새순은 차의 원료로 사용되고 있다. 그러나 지금까지 생강나무에 존재하는 화학성분 또는 생리활성 물질에 관해 연구가 이루어지지 않아서 이에 대해 보고된 바가 없었다.The ginger tree (Lindera obstusiloba), which can produce natural essential oil, is a deciduous broad-leaved arboreous tree belonging to the genus Lauraceae and is distributed in Japan, China, and Manchuria including our country. The ginger is native to the mountains at 100-1,600m above sea level in the south of Hwanghae-do in Korea and blooms in March-May. The stem is used as a medicinal herb because its flower and leaf stem emit a unique fragrance. Is used as a raw material. However, there have been no reports on the chemical or physiologically active substances present in the ginger tree.
본 발명자 등은 생강나무에서 정유를 추출하는 연구를 수행하던 중 생강나무 줄기에서 얻는 정유가 다양한 세균에 대해 항균활성을 나타냄을 발견하고, 생강나무 줄기 추출물을 얻는 제조방법과 이 추출물을 항생제로 사용하는 용도를 개발함으로써 본 발명을 완성하였다.The present inventors discovered that essential oils obtained from ginger trunks exhibit antimicrobial activity against various bacteria during the study of extracting essential oils from ginger wood, and found that the extracts of Ginger trunks were used as antibiotics The present invention has been completed.
본 발명은 생강나무 줄기에서 얻은 항생제용 정유 추출물을 제공함에 그 목적이 있다. 본 발명은 생강나무 꽃, 잎 줄기 등에서 얻은 정유 추출물을 포함하나 이중 생강나무의 줄기에서 얻은 추출물이 항생물질로서 가장 바람직하다.It is an object of the present invention to provide an essential oil extract for antibiotics obtained from ginger trunks. The present invention includes essential oil extracts obtained from ginger tree flowers, leaf stems and the like, but the extract obtained from the stem of the ginger tree is most preferable as an antibiotic substance.
또한, 본 발명은 항생제용 생강나무 줄기의 정유 추출물을 제조하는 방법을 제공함에 그 목적이 있다. 구체적으로 본 발명의 생강나무 줄기의 정유 추출물은 수증기 증류방법, 초임계 유체 추출방법 및 용매 추출방법 등으로 제조할 수 있다. 이들 방법중 초임계 유체추출방법이 가장 바람직하다.It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for producing an essential oil extract of ginger trunk for antibiotics. Specifically, the essential oil extract of the ginger trunk of the present invention can be prepared by a steam distillation method, a supercritical fluid extraction method, and a solvent extraction method. Of these methods, the supercritical fluid extraction method is most preferred.
또한, 본 발명의 생강나무 줄기에서 얻은 정유 추출물을 유효성분으로 하는 항생제용 약학적 조성물을 제공함에 그 목적이 있다.Further, it is an object of the present invention to provide a pharmaceutical composition for antibiotics comprising an essential oil extract obtained from the ginger trunk of the present invention as an active ingredient.
제1도는 본 발명의 생강나무 줄기 추출물의 개스 크로마토그래피를 나타낸 것이다.FIG. 1 shows the gas chromatography of the ginger trunk extract of the present invention.
본 발명은 항생물질을 사용될 수 있는 생강나무 정유 추출물을 제공한다. 본 발명은 생강나무 추출물은 생강나무에서 분리한 정유(essential oil) 성분으로, 이중 생강나무 줄기에서 얻은 정유 추출물이 항생물질로서 사용하기에 가장 바람직하다.The present invention provides a ginger essential oil extract which can be used as an antibiotic. The ginger extract of the present invention is an essential oil component isolated from ginger tree, and the essential oil extract obtained from the ginger tree is most preferably used as an antibiotic substance.
또한, 본 발명은 생강나무 줄기에서 정유 추출물을 제조하는 방법을 제공한다. 구체적으로 본 발명은 초임계 유체 추출방법(supercritical fluid extraction, SFE), 수증기 수증기 증류방법 및 용매 추출방법 등으로 생강나무 줄기의 정유 추출물을 제조한다.In addition, the present invention provides a method for preparing essential oil extracts from ginger trunks. Specifically, the present invention produces an essential oil extract of ginger trunk by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), steam steam distillation method, and solvent extraction method.
초임계 유체 추출방법은 증류(distillation) 및 용매추출(extraction)의 원리가 같이 적용되는 복합 기술의 성격을 갖는 분석방법으로, 저온에서 이산화탄소 및 압력을 이용하여 시료로부터 추출물을 얻는다. 비교적 저온에서 추출물을 얻기 때문에 열에 의한 분해 및 변질 등을 방지할 수 있고 함유 성분들을 분획하여 분리하는 선택성이 뛰어나서 고순도의 제품을 얻을 수 있다. 실제로 초임계 유체 추출 방법은 향기성분 등과 같이 극성이 낮고 휘발성인 물질을 단시간에 추출하는데 매우 적합하다. 또한, 초임계 유체 추출방법은 추출 압력, 시간 및 보조용매 등을 조정함으로써 각 성분을 목적으로 맞추어서 분획할 수 있다.The supercritical fluid extraction method is an analytical method characterized by the combination of distillation and solvent extraction principles. The extract is obtained from the sample using carbon dioxide and pressure at low temperature. Since the extract is obtained at a relatively low temperature, it is possible to prevent degradation and deterioration due to heat, and it is excellent in selectivity to separate and separate the components contained therein, so that a product of high purity can be obtained. Actually, the supercritical fluid extraction method is very suitable for extracting a substance having a low polarity and volatile, such as a perfume component, in a short time. In addition, the supercritical fluid extraction method can fractionate each component by adjusting the extraction pressure, time, auxiliary solvent, and the like.
수증기 증류방법 및 용매 추출방법은 초임계 유체 추출방법(SFE)과 비교하면, 정유 성분 수득률에 있어서 많이 뒤떨어지므로 생강나무 정유 추출물을 얻고자 하는 경우 초임계 유체 추출방법이 매우 유리하다.The steam distillation method and the solvent extraction method are much inferior to the SFE, and therefore, the supercritical fluid extraction method is very advantageous in order to obtain ginkgo essential oil extract.
초임계 유체 추출방법으로 본 발명의 생강나무 정유 추출물을 제조하는 경우, 기기의 압력과 온도를 적절하게 선정하고 초임계 유체의 밀도를 달리하여 용해도에 따른 추출률을 고려하는 것이 중요하다. 정유 성분의 경우 휘발도가 높고 쉽게 추출될 수 있으므로 이산화탄소의 용매등을 증가시키면 대부분의 화합물이 추출되고 추출물에서 정유가 차지하는 비율이 낮아지게 된다.When preparing the ginkgo essential oil extract of the present invention by supercritical fluid extraction method, it is important to appropriately select the pressure and temperature of the apparatus and to consider the extraction rate depending on the solubility by varying the density of the supercritical fluid. Essential oil components have high volatility and can be easily extracted. Therefore, when the amount of carbon dioxide solvent is increased, most compounds are extracted and the proportion of essential oil in the extract is lowered.
구체적으로 본 발명은 생강나무의 꽃, 잎 및 줄기 등으로부터 정유(essential oil)을 추출하는데, 이 때 정유의 수득률은 생강나무의 잎 및 줄기가 꽃에 비하여 높고, 뿌리, 줄기, 잎의 순서로 수득률이 증가한다. 생강나무의 꽃에는 휘발성 성분이 많이 함유되어 정유 수득률이 낮은 것으로 보인다. 또한 상기의 정유 추출물의 각 성분을 개스 크로마트그래피(gas chromatography, GC) 및 TLC 크로마토그래피(thin layer chromatography) 등으로 분석한다.(도1참조).Specifically, the present invention extracts essential oil from flowers, leaves and stems of ginger tree. In this case, the yield of essential oil is higher than that of flowers in the order of roots, stems and leaves The yield is increased. The flowers of ginger tree contain a lot of volatile components and the oil yield is low. Each component of the above essential oil extract is analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and thin layer chromatography (TLC) (see FIG. 1).
본 발명은 생강나무의 꽃, 잎 줄기 등으로부터 다음과 같은 성분을 확인 한다. 생강나무의 주성분은 꽃, 잎 및 줄기를 불문하고 사비넨(sabinene), β-마이아센(β-myrcene), l-리모넨(l-limonene), cis-3-헥사놀(cis-3-hexanol), γ-테르피넨(r-terpinene), (z)-3-헥센-1-올 아세테이트((z)-3-hexen-l-ol acetate), γ-엘리멘(γ-elemene), l-보르네올(l-borneol), 레덴(ledene), γ-셀리넨(γ-selinene), β-에루데스몰(β-erudesmol) 등임을 확인할 수 있다. 또한 에틸벤젠(ethylbenzene)은 잎과 줄기, 캄포(camphor)는 잎, δ-구아이엔(δ-guaiene)은 꽃, 9-옥타데카날(9-octadecanal)은 꽃과 잎, 엘레몰(elemol)은 잎과 줄기 등의 주성분임을 확인한다.In the present invention, the following components are identified from flowers, leaf stems, etc. of ginger tree. The main components of ginger are flowers, leaves, and stems, with the exception of sabinene, β-myrcene, l-limonene, cis-3-hexanol (z) -3-hexen-1-ol acetate,? -elemene, l-terpinene, L-borneol, ledene, gamma-selinene, beta-erudesmol, and the like. In addition, ethylbenzene has leaves and stems, camphor leaves, δ-guaiene as flowers, 9-octadecanal as flowers and leaves, elemol, Is a major component of leaves and stems.
본 발명은 생강나무 줄기에서 얻은 정유 추출물의 항생물질로서의 효과를 조사한다.The present invention investigates the effect of essential oil extracts obtained from ginger trunks as antibiotics.
본 발명에서는 공시 균주로 스태필로코커스 아우레우스(Staphylococcus aureus), 슈도모나스 에루기노사(Pseudomonas aeruginosa), 스트렙토코커스 뉴모니아(Streptococcus pneumoniae), 엔테로코커스 페칼리스(Enterococcus faecalis) 및 대장균(Escherichia coli) 등을 사용하여 정유 성분의 항생효과를 조사한다. 표1 및 표2에서 나타난 바와 같이, 본 발명의 생강나무 정유 추출물은 스태필로코커스 아우레수스 및 슈도모나스 에루기노사 등에 탁월한 항균 효과를 나타냄을 알 수 있다.In the present invention, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecalis, and Escherichia coli can be used as the disclosed strains. Etc., to investigate the antibiotic effect of essential oil components. As shown in Table 1 and Table 2, the ginger essential oil extract of the present invention shows excellent antimicrobial effect on Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
이하, 본 발명을 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
하기 실시예는 본 발명을 구체적으로 예시하는 것이며, 본 발명의 내용이 실시예에 의해 한정되는 것은 아니다.The following examples illustrate the present invention in detail and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
[실시예 1] 수증기 증류방법으로 생강나무 추출물의 제조[Example 1] Preparation of ginger extract by steam distillation
생강나무 정유 추출물을 얻기 위하여 수증기 증류를 다음과 같이 실시하였다. 생강나무 꽃, 잎 및 줄기를 채집하여 세절한 다음 2L 및 5L 플라스크에 넣어 증류수 500ml - 1L를 가하고 이를 칼스루커(Karlsruker) 장치를 이용하여 7-9시간 가열하였다. 이 때 시료를 유기용매인 에테르로 일단 추출한 다음 수증기 증류를 실시할 수도 있다.Steam distillation was performed as follows to obtain ginger essential oil extract. Ginger tree flowers, leaves and stems were collected and placed in 2L and 5L flasks. 500ml - 1L of distilled water was added and heated in a Karlsruker apparatus for 7-9 hours. At this time, the sample may be once extracted with ether, which is an organic solvent, and subjected to steam distillation.
그 결과 얻은 정유 성분은 디에틸에테르를 사용하여 포집하고 무수황산나트륨으로 탈수 여과하였다. 다음 이를 40℃이하에서 감압 증류하여 용매를 제거하거나 적절한 농도로 농축하고 기밀 바이알에 넣어 냉장고에 보관하였다.The resulting essential oil component was collected using diethyl ether and dehydrated with anhydrous sodium sulfate. Then, it was distilled under reduced pressure at 40 ° C or below to remove the solvent or concentrated to an appropriate concentration and stored in a refrigerator in an airtight vial.
[실시예 2] 초임계 유체 추출방법으로 생강나무 추출물의 제조[Example 2] Preparation of ginger extract by supercritical fluid extraction method
생강나무 정유 추출물을 얻기 위하여, 초임계 유체 추출(supercritical fluid extraction, SFE) 방법을 다음과 같이 실시하였다.In order to obtain ginger oil essential oil extract, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) method was performed as follows.
생강나무 시료를 초임계 유체 추출기에 넣은 다음, 추출 온도는 20-40℃ 사이로, 추출 압력은 150에서 300바로 변화시키고, 이산화탄소는 3.5에서 4.0L/분의 유속으로 공급하여, 25-35시간 동안 추출하였다. 생강나무 추출물의 수득률은 분리기/포집기(separator/collector)에 축적된 추출물의 무게를 측정하여 계산하였다. 이 때 정유 성분의 수율을 높이기 위하여 분리기에 디에틸에테르를 넣어 포집하였다.The ginger samples were placed in a supercritical fluid extractor and the extraction temperature was varied between 20-40 ° C, the extraction pressure was changed from 150 to 300, the carbon dioxide was supplied at a flow rate of 3.5 to 4.0 L / min, And extracted. The yield of ginger extract was calculated by weighing the extracts accumulated in a separator / collector. At this time, diethyl ether was added to the separator to increase the yield of the essential oil component.
그 결과, 생강나무의 꽃 3.0kg, 잎 2.3kg 및 줄기 1.5kg로부터 추출한 정우의 수득률이 각각 0.04%, 0.37%, 및 0.26%로서, 생강나무 꽃과 비교하여 잎의 정유 함량이 약 10배임을 알 수 있었다. 또한 초임계 유체 추출방법으로 생강나무 꽃을 150바에서 20℃로 추출한 경우 수득률이 0.32%이고, 100바에서 40℃로 추출한 경우 수득률이 0.62%이었으므로 수증기 증류에 비해 그 수득률이 8-15배 정도 증가되었다. 또한 생강나무 잎의 경우 150바에서 20℃로 추출하면 수득률이 0.45%이므로 그 수득률이 수증기 증류에 비해 약 2배 정도 증가되었다.As a result, the yields of the seeds extracted from 3.0 kg of the ginger tree, 2.3 kg of the leaves and 1.5 kg of the stem were 0.04%, 0.37%, and 0.26%, respectively, and the essential oil content of the leaves was about 10 times Could know. In addition, supercritical fluid extraction method was 0.32% when the ginger flower was extracted from 150 bar to 20 ℃, and the yield was 0.62% when it was extracted from 100 bar to 40 ℃. Therefore, the yield was 8-15 times Respectively. In case of ginger leaf, the yield of extract from 150 bar to 20 ℃ was 0.45% and the yield was increased about 2 times as compared to steam distillation.
실시예 3 생강나무 추출물의 성분 분석Example 3 Analysis of components of ginger extract
상기에서 분리한 생강나무 정유 추출물의 성분들을 분석하기 위하여, 시료 50g을 n-헥산 500ml로 5일 동안 냉침하여 여과한 다음 40℃ 이하에서 감압 농축하여 개스 크로마토그래피 및 TLC(thin layer chromatography)를 수행하였다. 이때, 주입기와 탐색기(FID)의 온도는 270℃로 하였고 헬륨 개스를 이용하여 유속을 0.5ml/분으로 조절하였다. 각 시료를 프렙 TLC에 의해 분획하고 각 분획물을 에테르로 추출한 다음 그 추출물을 GC-MS(gas chromatography - mass spectrum)에 걸러 각각의 전체 이온 크로마토그램을 얻었다. 다음 NBS 라이브러리를 이용하여 비교하거나 표준품의 개스 크로마토그램(GC)에서의 보유 시간(retention time) 또는 문헌상에서 보고된 결과와 비교하여 정유 성분을 동정하였다.(도 1참조)In order to analyze the components of the ginkgo essential oil extract isolated from the above, 50 g of the sample was cooled with 500 ml of n-hexane for 5 days, filtered, concentrated under reduced pressure at 40 ° C or below, and subjected to gas chromatography and thin layer chromatography Respectively. At this time, the temperature of the injector and the explorer (FID) was 270 ° C. and the flow rate was adjusted to 0.5 ml / min using a helium gas. Each sample was fractionated by preparative TLC, and each fraction was extracted with ether. The extracts were separated by GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrum) to obtain total ion chromatograms. The essential oil component was identified by comparison with the following NBS library or compared with the retention time in the gas chromatogram (GC) of the standard or the results reported in the literature (see FIG. 1).
한편, 동일 조건에서 TLC를 수행한 다음 발색시켜 각 식물 부위별로 TLC의 양상을 조사하였다. 이 때 Kiesel gel 60 F254에 정유 성분을 점적하고 톨루엔 : 에틸아세테이트 = 97 : 3 으로 전개한 다음 바닐린 황산 용액을 분무하여 100℃에서 3분간 가열하여 발색시켰다.On the other hand, TLC was performed under the same conditions, and color development was performed to investigate the TLC pattern of each plant part. At this time, an essential oil component was added to Kiesel gel 60 F 254 , developed with toluene: ethyl acetate = 97: 3, then sprayed with vanillin sulfate solution and heated at 100 ° C for 3 minutes to develop color.
그 결과 개스 크로마토그래피상에서 꽃, 잎, 줄기 각각에서 60, 80 및 83개의 피크가 관찰되었으며, 잎과 꽃에서의 크로마토그래프 양상이 매우 유사하고 줄기에서는 조금 상이하였다. 생강나무 꽃, 잎 및 줄기의 성분을 추적한 결과 꽃의 경우 73종, 잎의 경우 70종, 줄기의 경우 59종의 성분이 확인되었다. 이 중 주성분은 꽃, 잎 및 주기를 불문하고 사비넨(sabinene), β-마이아센(β-myrcene), l-리모넨(l-limonene), cis-3-헥사놀(cis-3-hexanol), γ-테르피넨(r-terpinene), (z)-3-헥센-1-올 아세테이트((z)-3-hexen-l-ol acetate), γ-엘리멘(γ-elemene), l-보르네올(l-borneol), 레덴(ledene), γ-셀리넨(γ-selinene), β-에루데스몰(β-erudesmol) 등임을 확인할 수 있다.As a result, 60, 80 and 83 peaks were observed in each of flowers, leaves, and stems on gas chromatography, and chromatograms in leaves and flowers were very similar and slightly different in stem. As a result of tracing the components of ginger tree flowers, leaves and stems, 73 kinds of flowers, 70 kinds of leaves and 59 kinds of stems were identified. Among them, the main components are sabinene, β-myrcene, l-limonene, cis-3-hexanol, (z) -3-hexen-1-ol acetate,? -elemene, l-terpinene, L-borneol, ledene, γ-selinene, β-erudesmol, and the like.
또한 에틸벤젠(ethylbenzene)은 잎과 줄기, 캄포(camphor)는 잎, δ-구아이엔(δ-guaiene)은 꽃, 9-옥타데카날(9-octadecanal)은 꽃과 잎, 에레몰(elemol)은 잎과 줄기 등의 주성분임을 확인한다.In addition, ethylbenzene is a leaf and stem, camphor is a leaf, δ-guaiene is a flower, 9-octadecanal is a flower and a leaf, and elemol is a 9- Is a major component of leaves and stems.
정유 성분이 존재하는 양상을 살펴보면 전체적인 크로마토그램은 수증기 증류 방법과 초임계 유체 추출방법이 유사한 양상을 보이고 있으나 초임계 유체 추출 방법의 경우 1-보르네올(tR=2.24), 엘레몰(tR=2.81), β-에루데스몰(tR=3.15)의 함량이 특징적으로 많고, 잎과 꽃의 성분은 수증기 증류방법으로 얻은 결과와 거의 유사하고 꽃의 성분은 1-보르네올의 함량이 매우 높게 나타난다.Looking at the pattern, but which are essential oil components are present in the whole chromatogram showing a steam distillation and supercritical fluid extraction method is similar pattern for the supercritical fluid extraction method 1-borneol (t R = 2.24), moles elegans (t R = 2.81), β-erudes mol (t R = 3.15), and the content of leaves and flowers was almost the same as that obtained by steam distillation. The content of 1-borneol High.
[실시예 4] 아가 플레이트 확산 방법[Example 4] Agar plate diffusion method
상기에서 분리한 생강나무 정유 추출물의 항생 효과를 조사하기 위하여, 생강나무 줄기의 정유 성분을 녹이는 용매로 에탄올과 물을 1 : 4로 섞은 옹매를 사용하였다. 정유 성분의 희석 비율은 용매 1ml당 정유 성분 1mg으로 하였으며 예비 실험은 2번 반복하였다. 10-3g/ml의 비율로 혼합한 시료를 밀리포어(millipore, 0.43㎛)로 걸러서 무균 상태로 만든 시료액 1ml과 일정 세균수로 조절된 공시 균주 현탁액 20㎕을 섞은 다음 10분 정도 방치하였다. 이를 36℃로 식힌 배지와 함께 페트리 디쉬에 부은 다음 잘 섞어서 굳혔다. 이 때 재조군으로 에탄올과 물을 1 : 4로 섞은 용매에 세균 현탁액 20㎕을 섞은 것을 사용하였다. 시험 균주눈 36±0.5℃에서 48시간 동안 배양하였다.In order to investigate the antibiotic effect of the ginger essential oil extract isolated from the above, 1: 4 mixture of ethanol and water was used as a solvent for dissolving essential oil components of ginger trunks. The dilution ratio of the essential oil component was 1 mg of essential oil component per 1 ml of solvent, and the preliminary experiment was repeated twice. 10 -3 g / ml Milli a sample in a ratio of pores in every other (millipore, 0.43㎛) mixed with the published strain suspension 20㎕ adjusted aseptically can sample solution and 1ml certain bacteria were then allowed to stand for 10 minutes to create . It was poured into a Petri dish with the medium cooled to 36 ° C and then mixed well. At this time, as a reconditioning agent, a mixture of ethanol and water (1: 4) mixed with 20 μl of the bacterial suspension was used. The test strain was cultured in the eye at 36 ± 0.5 ° C for 48 hours.
본 발명에서는 공시 균주로 스태필로코커스 아우레우스(Staphylococcus aureus), 슈도모나스 에루기노사(Pseudomonas aeruginosa), 스트렙토코커스 뉴모니아(Streptococcus pneumoniae), 엔테로코커스 페칼리스(Enterococcus faecalis) 및 대장균(Escherichia coli) 등을 사용하였다.In the present invention, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecalis, and Escherichia coli can be used as the disclosed strains. Were used.
본 발명의 생강나무 정유 추출물에 의한 세균 성장저지 정도는 대조군에서 나온 콜로니 수와 시험군에서 나온 콜로니 수를 측정하여 그 비율을 계산하였다.The degree of inhibition of bacterial growth by the ginger essential oil extract of the present invention was calculated by counting the number of colonies from the control group and the number of colonies from the test group.
콜로니 수는 콜로니 카운터(colony conter)를 이용하여 계산하였다. 본 실시예에서는 각 부위의 생강나무 추출물을 각각 10-4g/ml, 10-5g/ml 및 10-6g/ml의 비율로 희석하여 상기와 같은 과정을 세 번 반복하고 이를 통해 세균 성장 억제률을 조사하였다.The number of colonies was calculated using a colony counter. In this example, the ginger extracts of each region were diluted at a ratio of 10 -4 g / ml, 10 -5 g / ml and 10 -6 g / ml, respectively, and the above procedure was repeated three times, Inhibition rate.
그 결과 표1 및 표2에서 보는 바와 같이, 본 발명의 생강나무 정유 추출물이 수도모나스 에루기노사 및 스태필로코커스 아우레우스에 미치는 항균 효과를 측정할 수 있다.As a result, as shown in Table 1 and Table 2, the antimicrobial effect of the extract of ginger essential oil of the present invention on the water-soluble Monascus erucinosa and Staphylococcus aureus can be measured.
본 발명의 생강나무 정유 추출물은 스태필로코커스 아우레우스 및 슈도모나스 에루기노사 등에 탁월한 항균 효과를 나타내고, 천연 식물에서 용이하게 추출할 수 있는 경제적이면서 부작용이 적응 우수한 항생물질로 그 이용이 크게 기대된다. 특히 스태필로코커스 아우레우스에 대해 항균 효과가 우수하므로 페니실린 및 메티실린(methicilin) 등에 내서이 있는 균주에 대한 새로운 항생 물질로 큰 의미가 있다.The ginger essential oil extract of the present invention is antibiotic substance which shows an excellent antimicrobial effect to Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and can be easily extracted from natural plants and is economical and has an adaptable side effect, . Especially, Staphylococcus aureus has excellent antimicrobial effect, so it has great significance as a new antibiotic substance against strains such as penicillin and methicilin.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR20020062898A (en) * | 2002-07-08 | 2002-07-31 | 권만덕 | Lindera obtusitoba bl tea |
| WO2005072758A1 (en) * | 2004-01-31 | 2005-08-11 | Kiyoung Kim | Composition comprising hovenia dulcis thunb. extract, lindera obtusiloba blume extract, or herbal mixture extract thereof |
| KR20160097017A (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2016-08-17 | 고려대학교 산학협력단 | Anti-viral Composition Comprising the Extract of Lindera obtusiloba |
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| KR101324926B1 (en) * | 2011-01-28 | 2013-11-01 | 계명대학교 산학협력단 | Manufacturing Mathod of Ginger Extract And Ginger Extract Using The Same |
| KR101291082B1 (en) * | 2011-02-07 | 2013-08-01 | 한국식품연구원 | Method for extraction of anti bacterial in ginger |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR20020062898A (en) * | 2002-07-08 | 2002-07-31 | 권만덕 | Lindera obtusitoba bl tea |
| WO2005072758A1 (en) * | 2004-01-31 | 2005-08-11 | Kiyoung Kim | Composition comprising hovenia dulcis thunb. extract, lindera obtusiloba blume extract, or herbal mixture extract thereof |
| US7846484B2 (en) | 2004-01-31 | 2010-12-07 | Kiyoung Kim | Composition comprising Hovenia dulcis thunb. extract, Lindera obtusiloba blume extract, or herbal mixture extract thereof |
| KR20160097017A (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2016-08-17 | 고려대학교 산학협력단 | Anti-viral Composition Comprising the Extract of Lindera obtusiloba |
| KR101666155B1 (en) | 2015-02-06 | 2016-10-17 | 고려대학교 산학협력단 | Anti-viral Composition Comprising the Extract of Lindera obtusiloba |
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