KR100213421B1 - Recording apparatus having error correction coding means - Google Patents

Abstract

According to the present invention, in a recording apparatus having one or more of the above modes corresponding to a recording format having a plurality of modes, it is possible to select a miscorrection correction code to be used according to the mode, and to indicate which mode is used by performing miscorrection correction encoding. It is provided with a recording apparatus characterized by having a miscorrection correcting means for recording the selection information.

Description

Recorder with error correction means

The present invention relates to a recording and reproducing apparatus, and more particularly, to a recording apparatus having error correcting and calling means.

In the past, analog recording has been used for VTR. However, in the VTR based on the analog recording, since the image reproduction and the deterioration of image quality due to dubbing are known, VTR based on digital recording is currently expected.

An example of a home digital VTR is generally disclosed in ICCE Digest of Technical Papers 1989 June 6-9.

Helical recording is used in the VTR. This is a recording and reproducing method in which a head is mounted on a cylinder inclined with respect to the vertical direction, rotated at a high speed, and the magnetic tape is rolled up by a loading post to travel.

By performing helical recording, recording is performed as a track from the running of the magnetic tape and the rotation of the head.

The recorded stereovision signal is often compressed to reduce the amount of recorded data. Among them, the video signal is generally compressed in the screen in consideration of editing and the like.

On the other hand, in recent years, a method of performing inter-screen compression with respect to a video signal by taking the difference between the intra-screen compressed video and the before and after video has been standardized.

However, the above-described conventional configuration has a drawback that it cannot be suitably applied when recording and reproducing video signals subjected to inter-screen compression.

For example, there is a drawback that the image quality is greatly impaired when an error occurs during playback. That is, in the encoding method using inter-screen compression, when the current screen referred to in order to obtain a difference before and after the screen is disturbed, the image quality deteriorates over several subsequent screens. If the compressed portion in the picture is disturbed by an error, the subsequent prediction screen is greatly disturbed.

In addition, when an error occurs during playback or data loss occurs during high-speed playback, data may be duplicated when a slow playback is performed or when a tape having data recorded repeatedly is reproduced.

On the other hand, the compression decoder enables decoding playback during normal playback. However, when data loss or duplication occurs due to high-speed playback or error, the operations are different for each decoder. In the worst case, the video signal is not restored at all. Cases can also happen.

In view of the above, it is an object of the present invention to obtain a recording / reproducing apparatus which can correct a form which a compression decoder accepts even in the event of loss or duplication of data, and can suppress deterioration of image quality small.

In particular, during high-speed reproduction, it is impossible to reproduce all the recorded data, which results in deterioration of image quality.

That is, since the magnetic tape travels at high speed during high-speed playback, data that can be reproduced is reproduced sequentially without being reproduced at one time over a plurality of screens, making the screen difficult to see.

In particular, when the video signal is recorded with variable length encoding, the position of the data on the magnetic tape and the position of the image on the screen do not correspond, so the playback order of the screen is not constant during high speed playback. As a result, there may be pixels which are not reproduced on the screen, in which case the image quality inevitably deteriorates.

In addition, in the method of recording the inter-screen compressed video signal, in order to restore the screen from the inter-screen compressed signal, the data of the compressed screen in the lower surface, which is the source of the difference, is required. It doesn't work. Therefore, in the video signal using the inter-screen compression, only the intra-screen compressed data of the reproduced data can restore the video during high-speed playback. At this time, it is impossible to restore all of the reproduced data to the video signal.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems and to provide a recording and reproducing apparatus excellent in image quality at high speed reproduction.

In addition, as will be explained in the following examples, when the main data in the present invention is only a direct current component, the block becomes a flat image only with an average value, and the image quality deteriorates.

In order to improve this deterioration, it is an object to obtain a recording / playback apparatus capable of improving image quality during high-speed playback even when there is an error by correcting the data so that the compression decoder does not reproduce the block smoothly even if only a DC component is transmitted. It is done.

Moreover, although compressed television signals of various rates may be transmitted as input signals, the conventional apparatus can only support one rate. In addition, it is expected that the presence or absence of a related signal or the capacity of the related signal is different for each input signal, but the conventional apparatus can handle only a predetermined fixed signal capacity.

In addition, when the recording capacity is made variable, the problem of correcting a mistaken correcting code becomes a problem.

For example, when a signal with a high data rate is input, when data to be recorded in the main area overflows and is recorded in the sub area, the correction capability of the error correction code used in the sub area is used in the main area. Since it is considerably lower than the correction ability of the error correction code, the data recorded in the sub area cannot be guaranteed to be reproduced correctly.

It is an object of the present invention to make it possible to record a compressed video signal having various rates and amounts of related signals.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, in a recording apparatus having one or more of the above modes corresponding to a recording format having a plurality of modes, the above-described mode used by selecting a miscorrection correction code to be used according to the mode and performing error correction correction coding. And a miscorrection correcting and calling means for recording selection information indicating which one is.

According to the above configuration, for example, when recording more types of data in the VCR recording apparatus, the recording format of these sectors can be recorded dynamically and efficiently.

1 is a block diagram of a first embodiment of a recording / playback apparatus of the present invention.

2 is a track pattern diagram recorded by the recording and reproducing apparatus of the present invention.

3 is a track pattern diagram recorded by the recording and reproducing apparatus of the present invention.

4 is a track pattern diagram recorded by the recording and reproducing apparatus of the present invention.

5 is a diagram showing an arrangement example of a head used in the recording and reproducing apparatus of the present invention.

6 is a track pattern diagram recorded by the recording and reproducing apparatus of the present invention.

7 shows another arrangement example of the head used in the recording and reproducing apparatus of the present invention.

8 is a track pattern diagram recorded by the recording and reproducing apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a diagram showing a first configuration example of the formatter in the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a diagram showing a second configuration example of the formatter in the present invention.

11 is a block diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention.

12 is a format diagram of a track for explaining the operation of the error correction coder in the second embodiment.

Fig. 13 is a block diagram of a first configuration of the error correction coder in the second embodiment.

Fig. 14 is a data flow diagram of the first configuration of the error correction coder in the second embodiment.

Fig. 15 is a block diagram of a second configuration of a miscorrection corrector in the second embodiment.

16 is a data flow diagram of a second configuration of the error correction coder in the second embodiment.

17 is a first configuration diagram of an auxiliary data decoder according to the present invention.

18 is a second configuration diagram of an auxiliary data decoder in the present invention.

19 is a third configuration diagram of an auxiliary data decoder in the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a view for explaining a method for generating low frequency components in a third configuration diagram of an auxiliary data decoder according to the present invention; FIG.

21 is a fourth configuration diagram of an auxiliary data decoder in the present invention.

FIG. 22 is a diagram for explaining a method for generating low frequency components in a fourth configuration diagram of an auxiliary data decoder in the present invention. FIG.

23 is a fifth configuration diagram of an auxiliary data decoder in the present invention.

24 is a block diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: auxiliary data generation circuit 2: formatter

3: error correction encoder 4: recording signal generator

5: recording head 6: magnetic tape

7: playhead 8: play signal generator

9; Error correction decoder 10: Deformatter

11; Auxiliary Data Decoder 12: System Controller

13,14: switch 20 to 29: data area for normal playback

30 ~ 39: Auxiliary data area 90, 91: Buffer memory

92; Coded Data Separator 93: Coded Position Information Detector

94: encoding position information comparator 95: data generator

96; Duplicate Data Deleter 97: Data Array Changer

98: memory 100: video selection circuit

101: main component extraction circuit 102: formatter

103: recording capacity control circuit 104: error correction decoder

105: Error correction decoder 106: Deformatter

121: first input unit 122: second input unit

129: mode selection information input unit 131a, 131b: first switch

132: second switch 133: C3 encoder

134: first C2 encoder 135: second C2 encoder

136: third switch 137: C1 encoder

138: switching controller 143: C2 encoder

148: changeover controller 170: DPCM encoder

171 variable length encoder 172 header addition

180: low pass filter 181: quadrature converter

182: encoder 190: orthogonal transformer

210: codebook memory 211: vector quantizer

230: blocker 231: quadrature converter

232: encoder 240: height reproduction information output device

241: decoder 242: low pass filter

243: decoder 244: recording and playback device

Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 is a block diagram of an encoded television signal recording and reproducing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes an auxiliary data generation circuit, reference numeral 2 denotes a formatter, reference numeral 3 denotes an error correction unit, reference numeral 4 a write signal generator, reference numeral 5 a write head, a magnetic tape, (7) is a playhead, (8) is a play signal generator, (9) is an error correction decoder, (10) is a formatter, (11) is an auxiliary data decoder, (12) is a system controller, (13), ( 14) is a switch. In addition, the auxiliary data generation circuit 1 includes an image selection circuit 100 and a main component extraction circuit 101.

The operation at the time of recording will be described below.

First, the input encoded television signal is directly transmitted to the formatter 2 and also to the auxiliary data generation circuit 1. In the auxiliary data generation circuit 1, first, the video selection circuit 100 selects data from the coded television signal, which is subjected to intra-picture encoding.

The main component extraction circuit 101 extracts the direct current component of each block from the selected screen encoding data as auxiliary data, and the extracted auxiliary data is transmitted from the auxiliary data generating circuit 1 to the formatter 2.

Alternatively, the encoded television signal is input to the formatter 2 even as it is, and is formatted in a predetermined track pattern together with auxiliary data in the formatter 2.

The formatted data is input to the error correction coder 3, and an error correction code is added. The recording signal generator 4 generates a recording signal by performing predetermined recording signal processing such as adding a signal sink address, modulating the error correction code and the added data. The generated recording signal is recorded on the magnetic tape 6 by the recording head 5.

The formatter 2 may of course not generate and record auxiliary data depending on the type of the input television signal. A flag indicating whether or not auxiliary data has been recorded at the time of recording is generated in the auxiliary data generating circuit 1, and this flag is also recorded on the magnetic tape 6 together with the first encoded television signal and auxiliary data.

By the above operation, when a flag indicating whether or not auxiliary data has been recorded is recorded together with the input encoded television signal, and the flag indicates that auxiliary data is recorded, the auxiliary data is recorded on the tape 6. Is recorded on.

At the time of reproduction, recording data is reproduced from the magnetic tape 6 by the reproduction head 7, and processing such as demodulation and removal of the sync address is performed by the reproduction signal generator 8, and the error correction decoder is reproduced as a reproduction signal. It is output to (9). The reproduction signal is subjected to error correction by the error correction decoder 9 and output to the formatter 10.

The formatter 10 first reproduces a flag indicating the presence or absence of the auxiliary data, and when the flag indicates that the auxiliary data is present, separates the input encoded television signal and the auxiliary data and outputs them separately.

The auxiliary data is extended by the auxiliary data decoder 11 in the same format as the input encoded television signal.

The encoded television signal and the extended auxiliary data are switched by the switch 13 for each screen. This switching is performed when, for example, the system controller 12 is in a state where errors and losses are likely to occur as in the high speed regeneration mode. In such a case, even when a loss or error occurs in the in-screen compressed data of the recorded TV signal, the switch 13 is switched so as to take out the output of the auxiliary data decoder 11, thereby making the same part from the auxiliary data. Can be restored by interpolating the data.

When the flag drawn out by the deformatter 10 indicates that no main component data is recorded, switching is not performed.

The signal resulting from the switching by the switch 13 is output to the decoder as a reproduced encoded television signal.

According to the above configuration, even if a loss occurs in data due to an error during playback, screen search, or the like, by switching to data extracted as auxiliary data and replacing it, no dropout or error occurs on the screen and the deterioration of image quality is minimized. It can be suppressed. In addition, the propagation of an error on subsequent screens can be suppressed to a minimum.

In addition, when the auxiliary data is not recorded, since the flag displays the auxiliary data and switching is not performed, wrong data is output incorrectly as auxiliary data and error correction at the time of decoding is not performed. These substitutions are flags indicating information on the presence or absence of a main component and the type thereof. Judgment is made based on error occurrence, frequency, or the like.

Next, the track pattern formed by the formatter 2 will be described with reference to FIGS.

Hereinafter, the time for recording the video of one screen during normal reproduction is referred to as one frame period, and the section on the magnetic tape on which one frame video is recorded is referred to as one frame section. In FIG. 2, areas 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38 and 39 are auxiliary data areas. Area 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28 and 29 are normal production data areas. The auxiliary data is recorded in the auxiliary data areas 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38 and 39, and inputted. The encoded TV signals are transmitted to the normal reproduction data areas 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28 and 29. Is recorded.

In recording, one frame of the encoded television signal is recorded in one normal reproduction data area. For example, one frame of data at time n is recorded in the normal reproduction data area 22, and one frame of data at time n + 2 is recorded in the normal reproduction data area 23. FIG. One frame of data at the time (n + 3) is recorded in the normal reproduction data area 24, and one frame of data at the time (n + 4) is stored in the normal reproduction data area (25). Is written on.

On the other hand, the auxiliary data is recorded in the auxiliary data area. However, since the tape read speed is faster than the normal playback during the high speed playback, for example, if the high speed playback speed is four times that of the normal playback, the magnetic tape can be transferred four times during the high speed playback. Therefore, four frame sections four times as large as normal playback are reproduced for one frame period.

Therefore, the auxiliary data in the frame n is divided into four and recorded in the high-speed reproduction areas 31, 32, and 34 of the four-frame period. In the next high speed reproducing service area, the auxiliary data for the frame (n + 4) is divided into 4 and recorded in the high speed reproducing areas 35, 36, 37, and 38 of the four frame period. . Hereinafter, recording is similarly performed.

When auxiliary data is large and one frame of auxiliary data cannot be recorded in the high-speed reproduction service of four frame sections, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, the auxiliary data of one frame is divided into two eight frame sections. Record it. In this case, at high speed playback, one frame of video can be reproduced for two frame periods. Will the playback cycle double? One screen can be played at a time.

Alternatively, as shown in Fig. 4, half of one frame, for example, half of the right frame on the screen, is recorded in the high speed playback area of the first four frame sections, and on the screen in the subsequent four frame sections. By recording the left half of, it is possible to reproduce half the image of one frame during one frame period.

As the head, as shown in FIG. 5, a head configuration in which the azimuth angles are opposite to each other by 180 degrees is considered. In this head configuration, when the cylinder is rotated once when the tape running speed is four times the speed of normal reproduction, the head as shown in Fig. 6 takes a path. The oblique line is an area that can be reproduced at this time. Since the azimuth angles are different when the speed is even, the area that can be reproduced by the heads A and B is different. Therefore, if the same data is repeatedly recorded on a predetermined portion of the track, this data can be reproduced by either of the two heads. Since Head A and Head B complement each other to reproduce data, the same data may be recorded for each single syringe. This is the number of tracks twice as fast as the high speed playback speed in the FIG. 5 head configuration, and 8 tracks at 4 times speed. In this manner, the data can be reliably reproduced by recording the same data in the high speed reproducing area during the period of 2n track when the cylinder rotates once, that is, when the speed is n times. This does not change even if the head path is different.

By recording in such a track pattern, control of the head and the magnetic tape during high speed reproduction can be simplified.

In FIG. 6, the same data A1, A2, A3, A4 and A5 are recorded over 8 (= 4x2) tracks. When the high speed reproduction is set at 4 times speed, the heads A and B reproduce this area by 1 °. When the data is arranged as described above, in the case of the head path as shown in Fig. 6, A1, A2 and A3 can be reproduced by the head A, and data A4 and A5 can be reproduced by the head B.

By recording in such a track pattern, the data that can be reproduced can be scheduled in advance.

In the case where two heads each having a different azimuth angle from one track as shown in FIG. 7 are provided at one position in the cylinder, the head path is as shown in FIG. 8 when the constant is +1/2 times speed. At this time, A, B, A, B,... … By recording with, the data of A and B can be reliably reproduced during two revolutions of the cylinder.

As described above, the recording and reproducing apparatus of the present invention comprises auxiliary data generating means for using the coded television signal input as auxiliary data, and formatting means for arranging the auxiliary data to record a plurality of the same data over N tracks. It is possible to improve the image quality of the image and to obtain a stable output, and to obtain a great effect when used in a digital VTR.

9 shows a first configuration example of the formatter of the present invention.

In the figure, reference numeral 90 is a buffer memory, 92 is a data separator, and 93 is an encoding position information detector. The operation is described below.

The error correction decoder output is separated by the data separator 93 into related information such as a coded television signal, auxiliary data, and a flag indicating the presence or absence of the auxiliary data.

The encoded position information detector 93 reads the positional information of the encoded data indicating which portion of the encoded data of each small portion of the reproduction data is encoded from the header of the corresponding position.

The reproduced data is stored in the buffer memory 90 for a predetermined period. Here, based on the positional information of the encoded data, by arranging the data at a corresponding position in the memory, the encoded data at the same position is reproduced with the latest one. In addition, the part in which data was not reproduced during a predetermined period can be determined as a loss, and can be interpolated from the auxiliary data by the above-described operation of the switch 13.

10 shows a second configuration example of the formatter of the present invention.

In the figure, reference numerals 90 and 91 denote buffer memories, reference numeral 92 denotes a coded data separator, reference numeral 93 denotes a coded position information detector, reference numeral 94 denotes a coded position information comparator, reference numeral 95 denotes a data generator, Reference numeral 96 denotes a redundant data eraser, 97 a data array changer, and 98 a memory. The operation is described below.

The output of the error correction decoder separates the relevant information such as a coded television signal, auxiliary data, and a flag indicating the presence or absence of the auxiliary data by the encoded data separator 93. Common data such as various headers, etc., which are commonly required at the time of decoding data, are detected and separated from the auxiliary data or according to the instruction of the system controller. The reproduced data is stored in the buffer memory 90 by a predetermined amount. Common data is stored in the buffer memory 91.

The encoded position information detector 93 reads encoded position information indicating which portion of the encoded data of each small portion of the encoded data is encoded from the header of the corresponding position.

The encoding position information comparator 94 compares the encoding position information of each small portion, and checks for loss, duplication, etc. of data on the screen to be decoded.

Based on the data loss information from the encoding position information comparator 10, the data generator 95 uses the header information of the buffer memory 91 to generate and supplement a portion where playback data is lost.

As a first generation method of supplementary data, a small portion of encoded data is set to a mode of " inter-screen encoding, no encoded data ", and a small portion of the preview screen is displayed as it is.

As a second generation method of the supplementary data, when a small portion of the moving vector is obtained, the encoded data is generated by setting a mode of " inter-picture encoding, motion compensation, no encoded data " Mark the small portion that compensates for.

As a third generation method of the supplementary data, the encoded data of the latest decoding surface is recorded in the memory 98, and a small portion of encoded data at the same position is copied from the memory 98 to generate it.

As the fourth generation method of the supplementary data, the encoded data obtained by the latest in-screen encoding at each small portion is stored in the memory 98, and the encoded data of the small portions at the same position is copied from the memory 98 and generated.

As a fifth generation method of the supplementary data, data are generated by using or interpolating the DC component and the CDT coefficient of each DCT block in the small portion or from auxiliary data of the same portion.

The duplicated data deleter 96 deletes the duplicated portion from the reproduced data based on the duplicated information of the encoding position information comparator 94.

The coded data in which the lost portion is generated and supplemented as above, and the duplicated portion is deleted, is rearranged in the order accepted by the decoder by the data array changer 97, and output.

According to the above configuration, when a small portion of data is lost during an error or high-speed playback, the small portion of data at that position is generated and supplemented, and the arrangement is changed so that the data can be decoded and reproduced as it is without any special operation by the decoder. Can be.

In the case of normal playback, data is not duplicated or lost in all screens and all small parts, and in this case, there is no data to be deleted and data to be created and supplemented. However, when an error or the like occurs during reproduction, partial loss of the encoded data may occur, resulting in a small portion that cannot be reproduced.

In high-speed reproduction of n times (where n is any number), a small portion of data of all positions is rarely acquired while acquiring data of one screen (in the range of n screens in normal reproduction). In these cases, it is necessary to generate and supplement the small missing data.

In slow playback, the head may read data two or more times from the same track. In this case, one small portion of data is left and the remaining data is deleted. In high-speed playback at n-speed (where n is any number), the screen is played back at the ratio of one screen to n screens, while one screen (usually within the range of n screens during playback) is acquired. In some cases, a plurality of small portions of data at the same position may be duplicated.

At this time, a small portion of data of the newest screen is left in time, and the remaining data is deleted.

According to the above configuration, when the data of the same small portion is read out multiple times at the time of slow playback, only one of them is left. Also, at the time of high speed playback, only a small portion of data having different screen numbers but the same position occupied on the screen has been read. In this case, the latest small part of the data is left, the rest is deleted, and the arrangement can be changed so that the data can be decoded and reproduced as is without performing any special operation.

In addition, when data of a macroblock is dropped at the time of an error, high speed reproduction, etc., the data of the macroblock at that position is generated and supplemented, and the arrangement is changed so that the data can be decoded and reproduced as it is without any special operation by the decoder. .

Hereinafter, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

11 is a block diagram of an apparatus for recording and reproducing an encoded television signal in accordance with the second embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes an auxiliary data generation circuit, 102 denotes a formatter, 103 denotes a recording capacity control circuit, 104 denotes an error correction coder, 4 denotes a recording signal generator, and 5 denotes a recording. Head 6 is a magnetic tape, 7 is a playback head, 8 is a playback signal generator, 105 is an error correction decoder, 106 is a formatter, 11 is an auxiliary data decoder, and 12 is The system controllers (13) and (14) are switches.

The operation at the time of recording will be described below.

The auxiliary data generated by the auxiliary data generation circuit 1 is transmitted to the formatter 102. The recording capacity control circuit 103 calculates the recording capacity, the distribution on the tape, and the arrangement necessary for the recording from the rate of the auxiliary data and the input encoded television signal. The formatter 102 arranges and records the input encoded television signal and auxiliary data on the magnetic tape 6 by capacitive allocation according to the output from the recording capacity control circuit 103.

From the output of the recording capacity control circuit 103 and the encoded television signal, relevant information indicating the type of the recording capacity, the auxiliary data, etc. is generated, and this related information is also combined with the preceding encoded television signal and the auxiliary information to form the formatter 102. The data is recorded on the magnetic tape 6. In addition, the relevant information is recorded in the semiconductor memory attached to the tape cassette.

By the above operation, in addition to the input encoded television signal, related information indicating the generated auxiliary data and the recording capacity of the encoded television signal and the auxiliary data and the like is recorded on the magnetic tape 6.

At the time of reproduction, the recording data is reproduced from the magnetic tape 6 by the reproduction head 7, and the reproduction signal generator 8 performs the demodulation processing and the removal of the sink address, and the like is corrected as a reproduction signal. It is output to the decoder 105. The reproduction signal is subjected to error correction by the error correction decoder 105 and output to the formatter 106.

First, the deformatter 106 extracts relevant information about the presence or absence of auxiliary data and the recording capacity, distribution, and position of the auxiliary information. Alternatively, when the related information is also recorded in the semiconductor memory attached to the tape cassette, the related information can be easily taken out from the semiconductor memory. Based on this related information, the encoded television signal and the auxiliary data are separated and output individually.

The auxiliary data decoder 11 decompresses the compressed auxiliary data, restores the same to the encoded television signal, and outputs the same.

The encoded television signal and the extended auxiliary data are switched by the switch 13 for each screen.

According to the above configuration, even when there are a plurality of types of input encoded television signals and auxiliary data rates, recording and reproduction can be performed without waste by switching to the most suitable recording capacity, allocation and position each time. The recording capacity recorded as the related information at the time of reproduction can also be known at the time of reproduction, and the reproduction can be performed by distinguishing the input signal from the auxiliary data.

The error correction coder in the second embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings. Here, as an example of recording capacity switching, the case where each data is recorded in two areas and the case where only one type of data is recorded in two areas are shown.

The format of the track formed on the tape is shown in FIG.

A tracking and position information area, a first area, a second area, and a time code area are formed from the opening position of the track, and a buffer area is formed between each area. Information for accurately scanning the track and information for determining the position of each area are recorded in the tracking and position information area, and auxiliary data including time code or color designation information is recorded in the time code area.

For example, in the first mode, when the video data is assigned to the first area and the audio data is allocated to the second area and recorded, the error correction coder 104 is configured for each data allocated to each area. Each area is subjected to error correction. In this way, the processing can be performed independently so that each data can have desired error correction capability, and each area can be edited independently. For this first mode, for example, when the second mode records general data over the first area and the second area, the error correction encoder 104 integrates the data to perform error correction and decryption. The inspection symbols obtained by the error correction and correction code are recorded in the first area and the second area. In this way, the integrated processing does not cause any problems to be edited independently of each area, and thus no problem occurs. Integrating the areas also extends the range of interleaving, and is effective in terms of error correction capability.

In addition, in the case where the input encoding television signal is recorded in the first area and the auxiliary data in the second area, it is also possible to record in the first mode, but the necessary error correction capability is required for recording the video data and the audio data. If the third mode is newly prepared, the miscorrection corrector 104 performs miscorrection correcting based on the third mode.

According to the above configuration, a system capable of recording various data by selecting the error correction and correction code to be used by the method of allocating the area used for recording.

13 shows a block diagram of the first configuration of the error correcting decoder of the present invention.

Reference numeral 121 is a first input part, 122 is a second input part, and 129 is a mode selection information input part.

131a and 131b are the first switch, 132 is the second switch, 133 is the C3 encoder, 134 is the first C2 encoder, and 135 is the second C2 encoder, 136 Is a third switch, 137 is a C1 encoder, and 138 is a switching controller. The operation will be described with reference to FIG. A data flow chart is shown in Figs. 14A and 14B.

Data recorded in the first region through the first input unit 121 and data recorded in the second region through the second input unit 122 are input to the error correction encoder. In the mistaken correcting coder, according to the mode selection information input from the mode selection information input unit 129, a miscorrection correcting code is selected for each of the input data to perform error correcting code. In addition, the mode selection information itself is also recorded as the relevant information so that it is possible to determine which mode was recorded at the time of reproduction. This mode selection information can also be recorded in the semiconductor memory when there is a semiconductor memory mounted on the tape cassette as well as the magnetic tape 6.

First, the first switches 131a and 131b are connected to the terminal 1 side when performing error correction encoding by combining the data recorded in the first area and the data recorded in the second area. In order to perform error correction coding by dividing the data recorded in the second area and the data recorded in the second area, the terminal 2 is connected to the terminal 2 and controlled by the mode selection information. In addition, when the 1st switch 131a is connected to the terminal 2 side, all the output shall be a fixed value, such as zero (0).

The C3 encoder 133 is inputted while the data recorded in the first area and the data recorded in the second area are switched by the second switch 132. Then, encoding is performed using an error correction code selected based on the mode selection information. If only the code length is changed and the error correction code using the same generation function is used without changing the check code, the circuit configuration is simple, and the circuit configuration of the error correction coder is simple when reproducing the recorded data according to the present invention. Done. The data recorded in the first area and the check symbol of the C3 code are output to the first C2 encoder 134, and the data recorded in the second area is output to the second C2 encoder 135. The first C2 encoder 134 and the second C2 encoder 135 perform error correction on the data input to each. The C ₁ encoder 137 outputs from the first C2 encoder 134 to be recorded in the first area, the check symbol of the C3 code, the check flag of the first C2 code, and the second C2 encoder 135. Is inputted while being switched by the third switch 136. The C1 encoder 137 performs error correction / decoding of the C1 code. The switching controller 138 controls the switching of the second switch 132 and the third switch 136.

Here, for each error correction code, for example, Reed-Solomon code is used as the C1 code (85,77), Reed-Solomon code is used as the first C2 code, and second C2 code is used. As the C3 code, (147,136) Reed-Solomon code may be used.

With the above configuration, the mode for recording data using the first area and the second area, the second area as an option using the first area, and the second area as an option, and the second area is edited from the back It is possible to build a flexible system with a choice of recording modes.

In the above error correction coder, different C2 codes are used in the first area and the second area, but the same effect can be obtained by using the same error correction code. In addition, although the same C1 code is used in the first area and the second area, the same effect can be obtained by using a different error correction code depending on the area.

15 shows a second configuration example of a miscorrection corrector. In Fig. 15, reference numerals 131a and 131b denote first switches, 132 denote second switches, 143 denote C2 encoders, 136 denote third switches, and 147 denote C1 encoders. ) Is the changeover controller. The operation will be described based on FIG. Moreover, the flowchart of data is shown to FIG. 16 (a) and (b).

First, the first switches 131a and 131b are connected to the terminal 1 side when performing error correction encoding by integrating the data recorded in the first area and the data recorded in the second area. When the data recorded in the second area and the data recorded in the second area are corrected and miscorrected, the terminal 2 is connected to the terminal 2 and controlled by the mode selection information. In addition, when the 1st switch 131a is connected to the terminal 2 side, all the output shall be a fixed value, such as zero.

The C2 encoder 143 is input while the data recorded in the first area and the data recorded in the second area are switched by the second switch 132. Then, encoding is performed using an error correction code selected based on the mode selection information. If only the code length is changed and the error correcting code using the same generation function is used without changing the check code, the circuit configuration is simple, and the circuit configuration of the error correcting coder is reproduced when the recorded data is reproduced according to the present invention. It becomes simple. Then, the data written in the first area and the test symbol C2 are outputted to the terminal X side of the third switch 136, and the data recorded in the second area is outputted to the terminal 1 side of the first switch 131b. do. In the C1 encoder 137, the data output from the C2 encoder 143 and recorded in the first area, the check symbol of the C2 code, and the data output from the first switch 131b and written in the second area are stored in the third area. It is input while being switched by the switch 136. The C1 encoder 137 performs error correction / decoding of the C1 code. The switching controller 148 controls the switching of the second switch 132 and the third switch 136.

Here, for each error correction code, for example, (85,77) Reed-Solomon code may be used as the C1 code, and (163,152) or (149,138) Reed-Solomon code may be used as the C2 code.

The above configuration makes it possible to record data using the first area and the second area, and to record the data using only the first area and to use the second area as an option. You can also build a flexible system with a choice of available modes.

Such a system can be used for recording encoded TV signals in which various types and signals are expected to exist. The optional data may be an after-recorded audio signal or auxiliary data prepared for special playback.

Moreover, modes other than the said mode can also be used. For example, when a combination of the two types of error correction coders is used, as shown in Figs. 16A and 16B, the C3 code and the C2 code are also incorporated into the data recorded in each area. It is possible to use a mode for correcting error correction or a mode for correcting error correction of C3 code and C2 code only for data recorded in the first area. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 8, when the data recorded in the first area has an extra amount corresponding to the check symbol of the C3 code, a mode in which the C3 encoding is not performed may be used.

Next, the auxiliary data decoder in the practice of the present invention will be described.

Two formats can be considered for the data generated by the auxiliary data generator during recording. One is to extract the main components and then decode and record them in the form of an encoded television signal at the time of recording in advance, and the other is to record the extracted main components as they are. For example, in the former, the DC component of the screen encoded data is extracted, decoded into a transmission packet format of a predetermined coded signal, and then converted into a recording signal format by a recording signal generator and recorded. As a result, the auxiliary data decoder during reproduction becomes unnecessary. On the other hand, the latter records the data as it is without decoding in the transmission packet format. In the latter case, when the direct current component of the video signal of the coded heart television signal is DPCMized and variable length coded, it is conceivable to record the value of the original direct current component. As a result, the auxiliary data decoder is required for reproduction. Since the data can be efficiently recorded without recording redundant data such as the header portion of the transmission recording packet and the division of each block, and the variable length encoding is not performed, the propagation range in case of error is reduced.

17 shows the first configuration of the auxiliary data decoder. In the drawing, reference numeral 170 denotes a DPCM encoder, 171 denotes a variable length coder, and 172 denotes a header adder.

The DC component of the input auxiliary data is converted into a variable length code by the DPCM encoder 170 and the variable length coder 171, and a header of a transmission packet type of the encoded television signal is added by the header adder 172. And print it out.

Next, an example of generating data in the auxiliary data decoder to improve the image quality at the time of decoding is shown.

18 shows a second configuration of the auxiliary data decoder. In the figure, reference numeral 170 denotes a DPCM encoder, 171 denotes a variable length encoder, 172 denotes a header adder, 180 denotes a low pass filter, 181 denotes an orthogonal transformer, and 182 denotes an encoder.

The DC component of the input auxiliary data is converted into a variable length code by the DPCM encoder 170 and the variable length coder 171.

Next, a low-pass orthogonal transformation coefficient is generated using the direct current component.

An interpolation image is generated by the low pass filter 180 for the image in which each block and the surrounding blocks are reconstructed only by the DC component. The orthogonal transformer 181 performs orthogonal transformation on the interpolation image of each block obtained through the filter. The encoder 182 then performs variable length encoding on the obtained orthogonal transform coefficient.

Thus, by obtaining an interpolated image by a filter in the reproducing apparatus and performing orthogonal transformation, it is possible to similarly generate the low frequency component of the image even when only the DC component is recorded.

In this manner, the header adder 172 adds and outputs the header of the transmission packet format of the encoded television signal to the generated variable length code of the DC component and the variable length code of the low-order orthogonal transform coefficient.

At this time, since the recorded auxiliary data is not only a DC component but also output data similarly generated a low frequency component, the block after decoding is interpolated through the filter even when the external decoder does not have a low pass filter. The image equivalent to that is restored.

The type of the low pass filter 180 is arbitrary, and the plurality of filters may be switched. The number to be sent to the orthogonal transform coefficient encoder 182 obtained by the orthogonal transformer 181 is arbitrary.

19 shows a third configuration of the auxiliary data decoder. In the drawing, reference numeral 170 denotes a DPCM encoder, 171 denotes a variable length encoder, 172 denotes a header adder, 190 denotes an orthogonal transformer, and 182 denotes an encoder.

The DC component of the input auxiliary data is converted into the shape of the variable length code by the DPCM encoder 170 and the variable length coder 171.

Next, a low-pass orthogonal transformation coefficient is generated using the direct current component.

Using FIG. 20, the generation of the low pass component by the quadrature transformer 190 will be described. In this case, it is assumed that a low-pass coefficient of vertical and horizontal 2x2 order is generated. As shown in Fig. 20 (a), when the direct current component of each block is arranged, for example, when DC _1,0 and DC _1.1 are noticed, the average value of the sections over two blocks (Fig. 20 (b) In other words, the values of the zero order of the orthogonal transformation can be represented by the average of two values (Fig. 20 (c)), and the difference between the average and the two values can be considered to be the value of the first coefficient of the orthogonal transformation. Figure 20 (d). Thus, orthogonal transformation is performed on the surrounding DC components, for example

It is possible to similarly generate the low pass component for the region enclosed by the dotted line by the operation of. By using this as an approximate low pass component of a nearby block, a low pass component can be similarly generated without a low pass filter. The encoder 182 then performs variable length encoding on the obtained orthogonal transform coefficient.

The header adder 172 adds the header of the transmission packet format of the encoded television signal to the variable length code of the DC component and the variable length code of the low-order orthogonal transform coefficient generated in this way.

In addition, the kind, degree, etc. of the quadrature converter 190 are arbitrary. Depending on the type of orthogonal converter, the number and arrangement of the surrounding DC components used to generate the low pass components are different.

Fig. 21 shows a fourth configuration of the auxiliary data decoder. In the figure, reference numeral 170 denotes a DPCM encoder, 171 denotes a variable length encoder, 172 denotes a header adder, 190 denotes an orthogonal transformer, 182 denotes an encoder, and 210 denotes a codebook memory. ) Is a vector quantizer.

The DC component of the input auxiliary data is converted into the shape of the variable length code by the DPCM encoder 170 and the variable length coder 171.

The codeword of the low-pass component of each block is generated from the direct current components of each block and neighboring blocks. The principle is explained below.

As shown in Fig. 22, when the direct current component of each block is arranged, for example, the noticed block and the sum of left, right, left and right sides, such as DC _0.0 , DC _-1.0 , DC _0.1 , and DC _1.0 shown in the figure, for example. When the DC components of the two blocks are known, as shown in the second embodiment of the present invention, the interpolated image in the block of interest is obtained, orthogonal transformation is performed on them to obtain the transform coefficient in the block, and the transform coefficient is encoded. Codeword can be obtained. In this case, when the type of filter, the type of orthogonal transformation, and the type of encoder can be specified, the codeword obtained from the block of interest is uniquely determined by the values of five DC components. Using this, the combination of the values of all five DC components and the codeword obtained therefrom are corresponded and stored in the codebook memory 210.

Here, the number of elements of the codebook can be reduced by using symmetry and the like for the values of neighboring blocks. In addition, by limiting the number of levels of each DC component in advance, it is possible to further reduce the number of elements of the codebook. By inputting five DC components to the vector quantizer 211 and comparing them with the elements of the codebook memory 210, the codeword of the block of interest is obtained. As a result, a low pass component can be similarly generated without a low pass filter, an orthogonal transformer, and an encoder.

The header adder 172 adds and outputs the header of the transmission packet format of the encoded television signal to the variable length code of the DC component and the variable length code of the low-order orthogonal transform coefficient generated in this way.

Fig. 23 shows a fifth configuration of the auxiliary data decoder. In the diagram, reference numeral 170 denotes a DPCM encoder, 171 denotes a variable length encoder, 172 denotes a header adder, 190 denotes an orthogonal transformer, 182 denotes an encoder, and 230 denotes a blocker, and 231 Is an orthogonal transformer and 232 is an encoder.

The DC component of the input auxiliary data is converted into the shape of the variable length code by the DPCM encoder 170 and the variable length coder 171.

In this embodiment, the direct current component of each obtained block is treated as one pixel. The blocker 230 blocks the direct current component of each block according to the arrangement on the screen to generate the direct current component block. An orthogonal transformer 231 performs orthogonal transformation on each DC component block. The orthogonal transformation coefficient obtained by the encoder 232 is encoded.

In this way, by treating the DC component of each block as one pixel and performing orthogonal transformation on the DC component block, the decoder can decode the output data obtained by the decoder to obtain a reduced pixel having one block as one pixel. These pixels are each one-and-a-half pixels in the length and width of the block, and in this embodiment, they are each one-eighth of the size of the DCT block. It is easy. In addition, by representing each block with one pixel, flat blocks are not displayed and deterioration is not a concern.

As apparent from the above description, according to the second, third, and fourth configurations of the auxiliary data generator, the remaining quadrature transformation coefficients are generated from the extracted blocks and the direct current components of the blocks around them and arranged in the form of decoded data. Even when the external decoder does not have a smoothing means, the decoding result is the same as that of the smoothing, and the block distortion of the reproduced image can be reduced.

According to the second constitution, when generating the remaining orthogonal transform coefficients from the DC components of the extracted block and the surrounding blocks, part or all of the transform coefficients in each block can be obtained by interpolation by the orthogonal transformer. No low pass filter is required.

According to the third configuration, when generating the remaining orthogonal transformation coefficients from the DC components of each block and the surrounding blocks, the values of the DC components of each block and the DC components of the surrounding blocks and the conversion coefficients in each block are determined. The codeword at the time of encoding is corresponded as a codebook for vector quantization in advance and stored, so that the DC component of the fetched block and the neighboring blocks are derived from the DC component, and the codeword of the orthogonal transformation coefficient of the block is converted into vector quantization. Can be obtained directly by This eliminates the need for lowpass filters, quadrature converters, and encoders.

According to the fourth configuration, each DC component is regarded as one pixel, and is encoded in a block unit, encoded, and transmitted to the decoder so that the decoder can reproduce the reduced picture during high speed playback.

Fig. 24 shows the configuration of the recording and reproducing system in the third embodiment of the present invention. This recording and reproducing system is composed of a recording and reproducing apparatus 244 and a decoder 243. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes an auxiliary data generation circuit, 2 denotes a formatter, 3 denotes an error correction coder, 4 denotes a write signal generator, 5 denotes a recording head, 6 denotes a magnetic tape, (7) is a playhead, (8) is a play signal generator, (9) is an error correction decoder, (10) is a formatter, (11) is an auxiliary data decoder, (12) is a system controller, (13) is a switch Reference numeral 240 denotes a high speed reproduction information output device, 241 denotes a decoder, and 242 denotes a low pass filter.

The operation at the time of reproduction of the recording / playback apparatus 244 will be described.

The speed at the time of reproduction is controlled by the system controller 12. Information such as whether normal playback is being performed at high speed or high speed playback, and the current playback speed is also output from the system controller 12 in the same manner.

At the time of reproduction, recording data is reproduced from the magnetic tape 6 by the reproduction head 7, and processing such as demodulation and removal of the sink address is performed by the reproduction signal generator 8, and a correction error correction ( Is output to 9). The reproduction signal is subjected to error correction by the error correction decoder 9 and output to the formatter 10.

The formatter 10 first reproduces a flag indicating the presence or absence of the auxiliary data, and when this flag indicates that the auxiliary data is present, separates the input encoded television signal and the auxiliary data and outputs them separately.

The auxiliary data is extended by the auxiliary data decoder 11 in the same format as that of the input encoded television signal.

The encoded television signal and the extended auxiliary data are switched by the switch 13 for each screen. This switching is performed, for example, when the system controller 12 is in a state where errors and losses are likely to occur as in the high speed regeneration mode.

The signal resulting from the switching by the switch 13 is output to the decoder as a reproduced encoded television signal.

As a result, at the time of high-speed reproduction, data of an image in which each block is deformed by only a flat plate or a low pass component is restored. In addition, the high speed reproduction information output unit 204 outputs information indicating that the high speed reproduction is being performed.

Next, the operation of the decoder 243 will be described. The decoder 241 decodes the input coded signal and obtains a decoded image. The low pass filter 242 filters the decoded image to remove the high frequency component when the information indicating that the high speed reproduction is input from the high speed reproduction information output unit 240 is reduced, thereby reducing the distortion that appears blocky. . In this way, the increase in the device scale can be suppressed to a minimum by only the increase of the low pass filter in the decoder, so that the block distortion during reproduction of the height can be suppressed.

In addition, the high speed regenerative output output device 240 and the low pass filter perform an operation of switching the filter by obtaining information such as the reproduction speed, the fineness of the image, the maximum and minimum levels, the number of the coefficients of the auxiliary data, and the like, so as to obtain the image quality. Improvements are further possible.

According to the encoded television signal recording and reproducing system according to the third embodiment of the present invention, after the decoder decodes by the encoded television signal recording and reproducing apparatus of the present invention, smoothing means is used by smoothing request signals at high speed reproduction. By smoothing, block distortion of a reproduced image can be reduced.

In the description of the above embodiments, the recording and reproducing portions of the recording and reproducing apparatus may be used, but may be independent recording and reproducing apparatuses, but the recording head and the reproducing head are used. It may be.

The switch 8 switches the coded television signal and auxiliary data for each screen, but this may be switched for each unit of each block on the screen. The switching is performed when the system controller 12 is in a state where errors and losses are likely to occur, as in the high-speed playback mode. If it is determined whether or not an error has occurred, the screen or a part thereof may be replaced with auxiliary data.

In addition, although the normal reproduction data and the auxiliary data are distinguished, the auxiliary data may be compressed with the normal reproduction data, the normal reproduction data may be used as it is, or separate data may be used. In the embodiment, the intra-screen compressed data is selected by the image selection circuit 100, but this may be selected. In addition, although the direct current component of each block is taken out and recorded as auxiliary data, this data may be taken out if it is important to reproduce a screen, such as the low-pass component of the orthogonal transformation coefficient of each block. In addition, the flag indicates the presence or absence of the auxiliary data, but this may record the type of auxiliary data and the like, thereby switching.

In the second configuration, a description has been given of an example in which normal playback data is recorded at the beginning of a track and then auxiliary data is recorded. However, the auxiliary data may be recorded first. In addition, although the high speed reproduction speed is quadrupled, a higher speed reproduction may be used.

In addition, although the high speed reproduction speed is four times, the same effect can be obtained even at -4 times. In the case of the determination method of such a track pattern, the track pattern of the high speed reproduction in the forward direction and the high speed reproduction in the reverse direction becomes the same.

Incidentally, in this embodiment, the track pattern is determined by fixing the high speed playback speed four times, but it may be formatted as a track pattern capable of high speed playback at a plurality of high speed playback speeds. In addition, although the head configuration is fixed, the track pattern may be formatted so that high speed reproduction is performed for the different head configurations.

In addition, in the configuration example of the formatter, several types of supplementary data generation methods are shown, but other methods of generating supplementary data may be used.

Incidentally, the encoding position information and the auxiliary data are detected for each small part, but this may be detected for each unit in which a plurality of small parts are collected, for each screen, or for every other unit.

Further, in the second embodiment, extraction of auxiliary data from an input signal is recorded as auxiliary information. However, this means that audio information or text information input from outside or search data previously generated externally is used as auxiliary information. The same applies to recording as. In this case, it switches to output as an auxiliary output by the switch 13 at the time of regeneration.

Note that the related information indicates the recording capacity of the input signal and the auxiliary data, but this may record the allocation, position, etc. of the recording area. In addition, a plurality of candidates may be prepared and switched in advance regarding the recording capacity, allocation, position, and the like of the recording area.

The related information is also recorded in the semiconductor memory attached to the tape cassette, but this is arbitrary due to the configuration of the tape. On the contrary, when the related information is also recorded in the semiconductor memory, the related information can be easily taken out from the semiconductor memory, and it is not necessary to extract the related information from the reproduced signal to the formatter 10.

In the configuration example of the error correcting coder, the track is composed of four regions and a buffer region therebetween. However, the present invention is applicable to the number of regions per track and the regions within the track irrespective of the order. .

In addition, the track is composed of four regions and a buffer region therebetween, and the error correction code can be selected by the combination of the regions. However, a small region in which each region is further divided is formed, and the small regions are combined by the combination. The same effect can be obtained by selecting an error correction code. As shown in Fig. 25, the first area of the track format shown in Fig. 12 is divided into a small area 1a and a small area 1b, and is mistaken by a combination of the small area 1b and the second area. The correction code can be selected. For example, in the error correction coder shown in Figs. 13 and 15, processing is performed by dividing the data of the first area into the data of the second area. This may be processed by dividing the data of the small region 1b with the data of the small region 1b and the second region. The method of dividing the small region is not limited to the one described here, and any region may be divided. The number of small regions may be any number for each region.

In the above error correction coder 104, although the same C1 code is used in the first area and the second area, the same effect can be obtained even when a different error correction code is used depending on the area.

Moreover, although the 1st input part and the 2nd input part are divided, the structure used as one input part may be sufficient. The data to be recorded is recorded in two areas of the first area and the second area, and it is said that two types of modes can be selected. However, the number of areas, the number of modes, and the expansion to three or more are similar configurations. Is possible.

The present invention is applied even if the area is divided into two areas of the first area and the second area in one track, but the area is divided into tracks as a unit and the area division method combining them is also applied. It is possible.

In the present invention, the error correction code (the structure of the red code, the selection of each code) and the range of interleaving are arbitrary.

A recording apparatus having one or more of the above modes corresponding to a recording format having a plurality of modes, wherein a miscorrection correction code for performing selection and correction information indicating which mode is used by performing error correction coding used according to the mode By providing means, when recording more types of data as compared with the conventional example, the recording format of these sectors can be recorded dynamically and efficiently. Preferably, the video data is assigned to the first area and the audio data is assigned to the second area for recording, or the input encoded television signal is assigned to the first area, and the auxiliary data is assigned to the second area for recording. As in the case of the case where the areas are divided and used, the error correction coder independently performs error correction on each data allocated to each area. In this way, the processing can be performed independently so that each data can have desired error correction capability, and the area can be edited independently. In this mode, for example, in a mode in which an input signal is recorded by using an integrated area, the error correction coder integrates data to perform error correction code.

In this way, the integrated processing does not cause any problems to be edited independently of each area, and thus no problem occurs. Integrating the areas also extends the range of interleaving, and is effective in terms of error correction capability. That is, various signals can be handled by one recording and reproducing apparatus, and recording can be performed using an error correction and correction code having the correction capability required by these signals.

Claims (8)

In the recording apparatus having one or more of the above modes corresponding to a recording format having a plurality of modes, selection information indicating which mode is used by selecting a miscorrection correction code to be used according to the mode to perform miscorrection correction encoding; Recording apparatus characterized in that it has a miscorrection correction means for recording. The recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the error correcting / defining code means selects at least a mistaken correcting code to be used for data to be recorded according to a combination of recording areas allocated to the data. The recording apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the error correcting and decrypting means selects the code length of the error correcting and determining code. 4. The recording apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the error correcting and encoding means selects the code length of the outer code in the case of using a double product code. 5. A recording apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the recording area is composed of first and second recording areas, and the error correction / decoding means selects one of the first and second modes; The first diagram performs external coding on the data recorded in the first recording area using a second error correction code of the code length a1 and the number of information symbols a1-b1, and the code length c. Internal coding is performed using the first error correction code of the first and second code numbers (cd), and the code length (c) and the information code (cd) are used for the data recorded in the second recording area. Encoding is performed using the first-correction correcting code; The second mode combines the data recorded in the first recording area and the data recorded in the second recording area to use a second error correction code of code length (a2) and definite symbols (a2-b2). To perform the external encoding, and internally by using the first error correction code of the code length c and the information code cd for the data recorded in the first recording area and the check code of the second error correction code. And encoding the data using the first error correction code of the code length (c) and the information code number (cd) on the data recorded in the second recording area. 4. The recording apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the error correcting / decoding code selects the code length of the outermost error correction code in the case of using the triple code. 7. A recording apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the recording area is composed of first and second recording areas, and the error correction and calling means selects one of the first and second modes; The first mode performs the outermost encoding on the data recorded in the first recording area by using the third error correction code of the code length a1 and the information recorder a1-b1. c1) and the second error correction code of the information code (c1-d1), and the internal code using the first error code of the code length (e) and the information code (ef). Further, external coding is performed on the data recorded in the second recording area by using the second error correction code of the code length c2 and the information code number c2-d2, and the code length e and the information code number ( internal encoding is performed using the first error correction part of ef); The second diagram integrates the data recorded in the first recording area with the data recorded in the second recording area, and uses a third error correction code of code length a2 and information code number a2-b2. The outermost encoding is performed, and the second error correction code of the code length c1 and the information symbols c1-d1 is applied to the data recorded in the first recording area and the check code of the third error correction code. Using the first error correction code of the code length (e) and the information code number (ef), and the code length (for the data recorded in the second recording area). c2) and the second error correction code of the information code (c2-d2) to perform the external encoding, and the internal error code using the first error correction code of the code length (e) and the information code (ef). Recording apparatus. 8. The recording according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the selection information indicating which mode is used is stored in an auxiliary storage medium mounted to a cassette containing a medium for recording data. Device.