KR0171533B1 - Method for removing lead and cadmium of wastewater by electron beam and apparatus therefor - Google Patents
Method for removing lead and cadmium of wastewater by electron beam and apparatus therefor Download PDFInfo
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- KR0171533B1 KR0171533B1 KR1019960022983A KR19960022983A KR0171533B1 KR 0171533 B1 KR0171533 B1 KR 0171533B1 KR 1019960022983 A KR1019960022983 A KR 1019960022983A KR 19960022983 A KR19960022983 A KR 19960022983A KR 0171533 B1 KR0171533 B1 KR 0171533B1
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- cadmium
- electron beam
- heavy metal
- wastewater
- lead
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/305—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with electrons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/74—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with air
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/12—Inert solids used as ballast for improving sedimentation
Abstract
본 발명은 중금속 폐수내에 포름산염을 첨가하므로써 전자선 조사에 의하여 납과 카드뮴이 용이하게 제거될 수 있도록 하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전자선을 조사하여 중금속 폐수내의 납과 카드뮴을 제거할 수 있는 방법 및 그 장치를 제공한다.The present invention relates to a method for removing lead and cadmium in heavy metal wastewater by irradiating an electron beam with the addition of a formate in a heavy metal wastewater so that lead and cadmium can be easily removed by electron beam irradiation. to provide.
Description
제1도는 본 발명에 의한 중금속 제거장치의 구성도.FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a heavy metal removal apparatus according to the present invention; FIG.
제2도는 본 발명에 따른 방법에서 전자선 조사량에 따른 +2가 납이온의 농도를 도시한 도표.FIG. 2 is a plot of the concentration of lead ions +2 with respect to dose of electron beam in the method according to the present invention. FIG.
제3도는 본 발명에 따른 방법에서 전자선 조사량에 따른 +2가 카드뮴 이온의 농도를 도시한 도표.FIG. 3 is a graph showing the concentration of +2-cadmium ions according to the dose of electron beam in the method according to the present invention. FIG.
* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명DESCRIPTION OF THE REFERENCE NUMERALS
10 : 반응기 11 : 전자선 가속기10: Reactor 11: electron beam accelerator
12 : 거품발생부 13 : 가열부12: foaming section 13: heating section
14 : 침전조14: Settling tank
본 발명은 전자선을 조사하여 중금속 폐수내의 납과 카드뮴을 제거할 수 있는 방법 및 그 장치에 관한 것으롯, 중금속 폐수에 포름산염을 첨가하므로써 전자선 조사에 의하여 납과 카드뮴이 용이하게 제거될 수 있도록 하는 것을 특징으로 한다.The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for removing lead and cadmium in heavy metal wastewater by irradiating an electron beam. The method includes adding a formate to a heavy metal wastewater so that lead and cadmium can be easily removed by electron beam irradiation .
폐수에 용해되어 있는 중금속은 인체에 유해할 뿐만 아니라 침전되지 않고 물과 함께 순환되므로 생태계에 미치는 파급 효과가 지대하여 심각한 문제가 되어왔다.The heavy metals dissolved in the wastewater are not only harmful to the human body but also circulate with water without settling, so the ripple effect on the ecosystem has been a serious problem.
종래에 전자선을 폐수에 조사하여 폐수를 정화시키는 방법이 있었으나, 이러한 종래 방법에 의하여도 납, 카드뮴과 같은 중금속을 제거하지 못하였다. 이는 전자선 조사에 의하여 생기는 OH 라디칼이 폐수에 용해되어 있는 +2가의 납이온과 +2가의 카드뮴이온이 산화수가 0인 납과 카드뮴으로 각각 환원되는 것을 방해하기 때문이다.Conventionally, there has been a method of purifying wastewater by irradiating an electron beam to wastewater. However, heavy metals such as lead and cadmium can not be removed even by such a conventional method. This is because the OH radicals generated by the irradiation of the electron beam inhibit the +2-valent cadmium ions and the +2-valent cadmium ions dissolved in the wastewater from being reduced to lead and cadmium, respectively.
본 발명의 목적은 상기한 바와 같은 종래의 문제점을 해결하기 위한 것으로서, 본 발명은 중금속 폐수에 포름산염을 첨가하여 전자선 조사에 의하여 중금속 폐수내의 +2가의 납과 +2가의 카드뮴이 환원되어 제거되도록 하는 것을 그 목적으로 한다.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to solve the conventional problems as described above, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for removing heavy metals such as lead, cadmium and lead in a heavy metal wastewater, The purpose of that is to do.
상기한 바와 같은 본 발명의 목적은, 전자선을 조사하여 중금속 폐수내의 납 및 카드뮴을 제거하는 방법에 있어서, 전자선이 조사되는 중금속 폐수에 포름산염을 첨가하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전자선을 조사하여 중금속 폐수내의 납과 카드뮴을 제거하는 방법에 의하여 달성된다.As described above, an object of the present invention is to provide a method of removing lead and cadmium in heavy metal wastewater by irradiating an electron beam, wherein a formate is added to heavy metal wastewater to which electron beam is irradiated, It is achieved by the method of removing lead and cadmium.
또한, 상기한 바와 같은 본 발명의 목적은, 전자선을 조사하여 중금속 폐수내의 납과 카드뮴을 제거하는 장치에 있어서, 포름산염이 포함된 중금속 폐수가 유입되는 반응기; 상기 반응기내로 유입된 폐수로 전자선을 조사하는 전자선 가속기; 상기 반응기로부터 배출되는 중금속 폐수를 가열하여 납과 카드뮴을 석출하게 하는 가열부; 및 상기 가열부로부터 배출되는 중금속 폐수로부터 납과 카드뮴을 침전시키는 침전조를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전자선을 조사하여 중금속 폐수내의 납과 카드뮴을 제거하는 장치에 의하여 달성된다.In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for removing lead and cadmium in heavy metal wastewater by irradiating an electron beam, the apparatus comprising: a reactor into which heavy metal wastewater containing a formate flows; An electron beam accelerator for irradiating the electron beam to the wastewater introduced into the reactor; A heating unit for heating the heavy metal wastewater discharged from the reactor to precipitate lead and cadmium; And a sedimentation tank for precipitating lead and cadmium from the heavy metal waste water discharged from the heating unit. The apparatus for removing lead and cadmium in heavy metal waste water by irradiating electron beams.
이하에서 첨부된 도면을 참조하면서 본 발명의 일실시예를 상세하게 설명한다.Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
본 발명에서는 전자선 조사에 의하여 폐수에 용해되어 있는 납과 카드뮴을 제거하기 위하여, 전자선 조사에 의하여 발생되어 중금속 이온의 환원을 방해하는 OH 라디칼을 무력화시키는 것이 필요하다. 본 발명에서는 OH 라디칼을 무력화시키기 위하여 전자선을 조사하기 전에 중금속이 용해되어 있는 폐수에 포름산염을 첨가한다. 바람직한 포름산염의 농도는 10-3내지 10-2M이며, 바람직한 포름산염으로 포름산나트륨이 있다.In the present invention, in order to remove lead and cadmium dissolved in wastewater by electron beam irradiation, it is necessary to neutralize OH radicals which are generated by irradiation of electron beams and interfere with the reduction of heavy metal ions. In the present invention, in order to neutralize the OH radical, formate is added to wastewater in which heavy metal is dissolved before irradiation with electron beams. The preferred concentration of the formate salt is 10 < -3 > to 10 < -2 > M, and the preferred formate is sodium formate.
또한, 본 발명에서는 전자선에 의하여 포름산염이 첨가된 폐수를 조사할 때, 공기 또는 아르곤에 의하여 폐수를 버블링시킴에 의하여 중금속 제거 효율을 높일 수 있다.Further, in the present invention, when the wastewater to which the formate is added by the electron beam is irradiated, the removal efficiency of the heavy metal can be increased by bubbling the wastewater by air or argon.
제1도는 본 발명에 의한 중금속 제거장치의 구성도이다.FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a heavy metal removal apparatus according to the present invention. FIG.
포름산염이 용해되어 있는 중금속 폐수가 반응기(10)로 유입된다.The heavy metal wastewater in which the formate is dissolved flows into the reactor (10).
전자선 가속기(11)가 반응기의 상부에 위치하여 전자선이 반응기(10)내로 유입된 중금속 폐수에 효과적으로 조사되도록 한다. 반응기내의 폐수는 전자선이 도달될 수 있는 깊이로 흘려지며, 최적 깊이는 전자선 입사에너지와 유입되는 폐수의 밀도에 따라 다르다. 중금속 폐수에 포함된 포름산염에 의하여 전자선 조사에 의하여 발생되는 OH 라디칼을 무력화되고, 중금속에 용해되어 있는 +2가의 납과 +2가의 카드뮴이 환원되어 납과 카드뮴으로 석출되도록 한다.The electron beam accelerator 11 is located at the top of the reactor so that the electron beam is effectively irradiated to the heavy metal wastewater introduced into the reactor 10. [ The wastewater in the reactor flows down to a depth at which the electron beam can reach, and the optimum depth depends on the electron beam incident energy and the density of the incoming wastewater. The OH radicals generated by the electron beam irradiation are neutralized by the formate salt contained in the heavy metal wastewater, and the +2-valent lead and +2-valent cadmium dissolved in heavy metals are reduced and precipitated as lead and cadmium.
반응기(10) 내부의 하단에는 반응기에 유입된 중금속 폐수에 전자선이 균일하게 조사되도록 하기 위하여 거품발생부(12)를 더 포함할 수 있다. 거품발생부(12)는 공기 또는 아르곤등과 같은 비활성 기체들에 의하여 폐수내에 거품을 만들어주기 위하여 미세한 구멍이 다수 형성된 세라믹 바닥구조물에 의하여 형성된다.The bottom of the reactor 10 may further include a foam generator 12 for uniformly irradiating the heavy metal wastewater introduced into the reactor with electron beams. The bubble generating unit 12 is formed by a ceramic bottom structure having a plurality of fine holes to bubble in the wastewater by inert gases such as air or argon.
반응기(10) 후단에는 전자선이 조사된 폐수를 가열하기 위한 가열부(13)가 구성되어 있다. 가열부(13)에 의한 가열에 의하여 폐수내에 납과 카드뮴이 다수 석출된다. 석출된 납과 카드뮴은 침전조(14)에서 침전되어 제거되고, 결과적으로 납과 카드뮴이 제거된 폐수가 배출된다.At the downstream end of the reactor 10, a heating unit 13 for heating the wastewater irradiated with the electron beam is formed. A large amount of lead and cadmium are precipitated in the wastewater by the heating by the heating unit 13. The precipitated lead and cadmium are precipitated and removed in the settling tank 14, resulting in the discharge of lead and cadmium-free wastewater.
제2도는 본 발명에 따른 방법에 전자선의 조사량에 따른 +2가 납의 농도를 도시한 도표이다. 제2도에 도시된 도표는 폐수내에 10-2M의 포름산 나트륨이 포함되어 있을 때 전자선의 조사량(가로축)에 따른 폐수속에 +2가의 납이온 농도(세로축)를 표시한 것이다. 제2도를 보면 전자선의 조사선량이 0.7 kGy이상에서 납이온의 농도가 최소이며, 이때 약 86%의 납이온이 제거되는 것을 알 수 있다.FIG. 2 is a graph showing the concentration of lead +2 according to the dose of electron beam in the method according to the present invention. The chart shown in FIG. 2 shows the +2 valence of lead ion (vertical axis) in the wastewater according to the amount of electron beam irradiation (abscissa) when 10 -2 M of sodium formate is contained in the wastewater. In Fig. 2, it can be seen that at an irradiation dose of electron beam of 0.7 kGy or more, the concentration of lead ion is the minimum, and about 86% of lead ion is removed.
제3도는 본 발명에 따른 방법에서 전자선 조사량에 따른 +2가 카드뮴이온의 농도를 도시한 도표이다. 제3도에 도시된 도표는 폐수속에 10-2M의 포름산나트륨이 포함되어 있을 때 전자선의 조사량(가로축)에 따른 폐수속에 +2가의 카드뮴이온 농도(세로축)를 표시한 것이다. 제3도를 보면 카드뮴이온의 경우, 전자선의 조사선량이 3.5 kGy까지 지속적으로 감소하는 것을 관찰 할 수 있으며, 3.5kGy에서 약 90%의 카드뮴이온이 제거되는 것을 알 수 있다.FIG. 3 is a graph showing the concentration of +2-cadmium ions according to the dose of electron beam in the method according to the present invention. The chart shown in FIG. 3 shows the concentration of +2 valent cadmium ion (vertical axis) in the wastewater according to the amount of electron beam irradiation (abscissa) when 10 -2 M of sodium formate is contained in the wastewater. FIG. 3 shows that the irradiation dose of electron beam is continuously decreased to 3.5 kGy for cadmium ion, and about 90% of cadmium ion is removed at 3.5 kGy.
이상에서 설명한 바와 같이, 본 발명은 중금속 폐수에 포름산염을 첨가하므로써 전자선 조사에 의하여 납과 카드뮴이 용이하게 제거될 수 있도록 하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전자선을 조사하여 중금속 폐수내의 납과 카드뮴을 제거할 수 있는 방법 및 그 장치를 제공한다.As described above, the present invention can remove lead and cadmium in heavy metal wastewater by irradiating an electron beam, which is characterized in that a formate is added to heavy metal wastewater so that lead and cadmium can be easily removed by electron beam irradiation And provides the device.
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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KR1019960022983A KR0171533B1 (en) | 1996-06-21 | 1996-06-21 | Method for removing lead and cadmium of wastewater by electron beam and apparatus therefor |
US08/878,344 US6121507A (en) | 1996-06-21 | 1997-06-18 | Method for treating wastewater containing hazardous matter using electron beam irradiation |
MYPI97002756A MY118239A (en) | 1996-06-21 | 1997-06-19 | A method for treating wastewater containing hazardous matter using electron beam irradiation |
DE19726269A DE19726269C2 (en) | 1996-06-21 | 1997-06-20 | Process for treating waste water containing heavy metal ions or fluoride using electron beams |
CNB971159564A CN1162338C (en) | 1996-06-21 | 1997-06-21 | Method for treating wastewater containing hazardous matter using electron beam irradiation |
IDP972155A ID19567A (en) | 1996-06-21 | 1997-06-23 | A METHOD FOR WASTE WATER TREATMENT CONTAINING HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES USING IRON IRON IRONATION |
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KR1019960022983A KR0171533B1 (en) | 1996-06-21 | 1996-06-21 | Method for removing lead and cadmium of wastewater by electron beam and apparatus therefor |
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