KR0165969B1 - Absorptive catalyst for removing malodor - Google Patents
Absorptive catalyst for removing malodor Download PDFInfo
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- KR0165969B1 KR0165969B1 KR1019910008883A KR910008883A KR0165969B1 KR 0165969 B1 KR0165969 B1 KR 0165969B1 KR 1019910008883 A KR1019910008883 A KR 1019910008883A KR 910008883 A KR910008883 A KR 910008883A KR 0165969 B1 KR0165969 B1 KR 0165969B1
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- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
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Abstract
냄새 제거용 흡착형 열분해탈취촉매에 관한 것으로, 활성금속으로 0.5 내지 5중량%의 백금 및 0.5 내지 5중량%의 로듐과 첨가제로서 1 내지 5중량%의 세륨옥사이드를 90 내지 98중량%의 실리카, 알루미나, 또는 활성탄의 담지체에 함침시켜 얻으며 냉장실과 후측 외벽사이에 존재하는 성에 제거용 히터블럭내에 장착시켜 성에 제거용 히터가 작동시 발생하는 열을 이용하여 촉매에 흡착된 냄새성분을 열분해시킴으로써 냉장고 유효공간을 극대화 할 수 있으며, 분해반응에 의한 탈취효과가 여러물질에 두루 적용되는 잇점이 있다.Adsorption type pyrolysis deodorization catalyst for odor removal, 0.5 to 5% by weight of platinum as active metal and 0.5 to 5% by weight of rhodium and 1 to 5% by weight of cerium oxide as additives 90 to 98% by weight of silica, It is obtained by impregnating the carrier of alumina or activated carbon and installed in the defrosting heater block existing between the refrigerating chamber and the rear outer wall to pyrolyze the odor component adsorbed on the catalyst by using the heat generated during the defrosting heater operation. The effective space can be maximized, and deodorization effect by decomposition reaction is applied to various materials.
Description
본 발명은 냉장고내에서 발생하는 냄새를 제거하는 기능이 있는 냄새 제거용 촉매에 관한 것이다. 보다 상세하게, 본 발명은 백금, 로듐을 활성금속으로 세륨옥사이드(CeO2)를 첨가제로 담지체에 담지시켜 제조한 흡착형 열분해 방식에 의한 냄새 제거 장치에 사용될 수 있는 열분해 탈취촉매에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to an odor removing catalyst having a function of removing odors generated in a refrigerator. More specifically, the present invention relates to a pyrolysis deodorization catalyst which can be used in an odor removal apparatus by an adsorption type pyrolysis method prepared by supporting platinum and rhodium as active metals on a carrier with cerium oxide (CeO 2 ) as an additive.
일반적으로 냉장고에서 발생하는 냄새성분은 대부분이 황화합물과 염기성 화합물인 것으로 알려지고 있고, 이중 황화합물로는 황화수소, 머캅탄이, 염기성 화합물로는 암모니아, 트리메틸아민이 그 주성분을 이루고 있다. 종래 이러한 냄새성분을 제거하는 방법으로는 흡착(활성탄)에 의한 방법, 화학반응(이산화염소, 오존)에 의한 방법, 중화 및 화학반응(식물 추출성분)에 의한 방법이 있었다.In general, most of the odor components generated in the refrigerator are sulfur compounds and basic compounds. Among them, hydrogen sulfide, mercaptan is used as the sulfur compound, and ammonia and trimethylamine are used as the basic compound. Conventionally, there have been methods for removing such odor components by adsorption (activated carbon), chemical reaction (chlorine dioxide, ozone), neutralization and chemical reaction (plant extraction components).
그러나 이러한 방법에 따른 종래의 냉장고 탈취제는 첫째 사용기간이 대부분 6개월 미만으로 짧아 자주 바꿔주어야 하는 불편이 있고, 둘째 냉장고내에 장착됨으로 인하여 냉장고내의 사용 유효공간을 감소시키는 결점이 있었다. 따라서 본 발명은 이같은 종래의 결점을 해결하기 위하여 새롭게 안출된 것이다. 즉, 본 발명은 활성금속으로 백금 0.5 내지 5중량% 및 로듐 0.5 내지 5중량% 및 첨가제로써 세륨옥사이드 1 내지 5중량%를 90 내지 98중량%의 실리카 담체에 담지시켜 수득하는 신규한 탈취촉매를 제공하는 것이다.However, the conventional refrigerator deodorant according to this method has the inconvenience of having to change frequently because the first period of use is mostly less than six months, and second, there is a drawback to reduce the effective space used in the refrigerator. Therefore, the present invention is newly devised to solve such a conventional drawback. That is, the present invention provides a novel deodorizing catalyst obtained by supporting 0.5 to 5% by weight of platinum as active metal and 0.5 to 5% by weight of rhodium and 1 to 5% by weight of cerium oxide as an additive to a silica carrier of 90 to 98% by weight. To provide.
이때 백금 및 로듐의 함량이 많을수록 냄새분해능은 향상되나 상기 금속은 고가이므로 냉장고의 사용기간과 탈취촉매의 가격을 고려하면 0.1 내지 2중량%의 백금과 0.1 내지 2중량%의 로듐 및 첨가제로서 세륨옥사이드 1 내지 3중량%를 93 내지 98중량%의 실리카 담체에 담지시켜 얻은 탈취촉매를 사용해도 효과적이다.At this time, the higher the content of platinum and rhodium, the higher the odor resolution, but the metal is expensive. Therefore, considering the service life of the refrigerator and the price of the deodorizing catalyst, 0.1 to 2 wt% platinum and 0.1 to 2 wt% rhodium and cerium oxide as additives It is also effective to use a deodorizing catalyst obtained by supporting 1 to 3% by weight on 93 to 98% by weight of a silica carrier.
이같은 본 발명의 탈취촉매는 종래 냉장고용 탈취제의 단순흡착 방식이나 화학반응 방식이나 중화 방식과는 달리 흡착열분해 방식을 이용하는 원리에 근거한 것이다. 즉, 본 발명의 탈취촉매는 종래의 것에서 처럼 냉장고의 유효공간에 위치하는 것이 아니라 냉장고실과 후측 외벽사이에 존재하는 장치실 내지 공기 유통공간, 정확하게 말하면 성에 제거용 히터블록내에 위치하며, 성에 제거용 히터가 작동시 발생하는 열을 이용하여 촉매에 흡착된 냄새분자를 열분해시키는 것을 특징으로 한다.The deodorizing catalyst of the present invention is based on the principle of using an adsorption pyrolysis method, unlike the simple adsorption method, the chemical reaction method or the neutralization method of the conventional deodorant for refrigerators. That is, the deodorizing catalyst of the present invention is not located in the effective space of the refrigerator as in the conventional one, but located in the apparatus chamber or air distribution space existing between the refrigerator compartment and the rear outer wall, that is, in the heater block for defrosting, and for defrosting. By using the heat generated during the operation of the heater is characterized in that the decomposition of the odor molecules adsorbed on the catalyst.
다시 설명하면, 본 발명의 탈취촉매를 냉장고 성에 제거용 히터블록 상단내에 장치시키면 냉장고내에서 발생하는 냄새분자가 냉장고내의 공기흐름을 따라 순환하여 촉매상에 저온흡착 되고, 촉매상의 활성금속 또는 담지체에 흡착된 이들 냄새분자는 때때로 작동하는 성에제거용 히터의 200 내지 300℃ 온도의 발열효과에 따라 열분해되어 다음 분해반응식에서 예시하는 바와 같이 냄새없는 기체분자로 전환되어 촉매층에서 탈착 배출된다.In other words, when the deodorizing catalyst of the present invention is installed in the top of the defrosting heater block, the odor molecules generated in the refrigerator are circulated along the air flow in the refrigerator to be adsorbed on the catalyst at low temperature, and the active metal or carrier on the catalyst These odor molecules adsorbed on are sometimes thermally decomposed according to the exothermic effect of the 200 to 300 ° C. temperature of the defrosting heater to be converted into odorless gas molecules and desorbed and discharged from the catalyst bed as illustrated in the following decomposition reaction.
이같은 원리에 의거하여 냉장고내의 냄새분자는 효과적으로 흡착열분해되어 제거되고 촉매는 항상 새롭게 활용되는 것이다. 특히 본원 발명의 촉매성분중 백금성분은 산성을 띤 황화합물의 흡착 열분해력이 뛰어나고, 로듐성분은 알칼리성을 띤 염기성 화합물의 흡착 열분해력이 뛰어나며, 첨가제인 세륨옥사이드 성분은 산화반응(분해반응)시에 산소 공여체로 작용하여 산화를 돕는 역활을 갖는다.Based on this principle, the odor molecules in the refrigerator are effectively removed by adsorption pyrolysis, and the catalyst is always newly utilized. In particular, the platinum component of the catalyst component of the present invention is excellent in the adsorption thermal decomposition of acidic sulfur compounds, the rhodium component is excellent in the adsorption thermal decomposition of alkaline basic compounds, the cerium oxide component as an additive during the oxidation reaction (decomposition reaction) It acts as an oxygen donor to help oxidation.
본원 발명에서 담지체인 실리카는 100 내지 200m2/g의 넓은 표면적을 가진 흡착제로 백금 및 로듐성분의 활성금속을 그넓은 표면적에 널리 분산시켜 활성을 크게 하고 기체와의 접촉면적을 넓게 하는 역활을 한다.In the present invention, silica, which is a support, is an adsorbent having a large surface area of 100 to 200 m 2 / g, and widely disperses platinum and rhodium-based active metals in a large surface area to increase activity and widen the contact area with gas. .
따라서 본원 발명에서의 담지체는 특별히 실리카에만 한정시킬 필요가 없으며 그와 동등한 특징을 갖는 알루미나, 활성탄 등으로 대체해도 좋다.Therefore, the carrier in the present invention need not be specifically limited to silica, and may be replaced with alumina, activated carbon, or the like having the same characteristics.
본 발명의 촉매를 준비하는 방법에 대하여 설명하면, 0.5 내지 5중량%의 백금, 0.5 내지 5중량%의 로듐, 1 내지 5중량%의 세륨옥사이드 및 90 내지 95중량%의 실리카(또는 알루미나, 활성탄)를 취하여 증류수에 넣고 진공회전증발기에서 60℃로 가열증발 건조시킨후 공기를 통과시키며 773K까지 온도를 올려 약 5시간동안 소성시킨다. 여기에 최종적으로 수소를 통과시켜 백금, 로듐을 환원시킴에 따라 본 발명의 촉매가 수득된다.A method for preparing the catalyst of the present invention will be described in terms of 0.5 to 5 wt% platinum, 0.5 to 5 wt% rhodium, 1 to 5 wt% cerium oxide and 90 to 95 wt% silica (or alumina, activated carbon). ), Put into distilled water, heat evaporate to dry at 60 ℃ in vacuum rotary evaporator, pass air and raise temperature to 773K and fire for about 5 hours. The catalyst of the present invention is obtained by finally passing hydrogen through to reduce platinum and rhodium.
본 발명에 의한 탈취촉매는 전술한 바와 같이 사용에 따른 소모품이 아니기 때문에 장시간 교체없이 사용할 수 있는 바, 적어도 5 내지 10년은 보장되는 효과를 가지며, 또한 성에제거용 히터 열에 의해 가동되므로 전력 사용비가 별도로 발생하지 않고, 냉장고내 유효공간에 설치되지 않으므로 냉장고 유효공간을 극대화할 수 있으며, 분해반응에 의한 탈취효과가 여러물질에 두루 적용되는 뚜렷한 잇점을 갖는다.As the deodorizing catalyst according to the present invention is not a consumable according to the use as described above, it can be used without replacement for a long time, and at least 5 to 10 years has a guaranteed effect, and it is operated by a defrosting heater heat, so the power consumption cost is high. Since it does not occur separately, and is not installed in the effective space in the refrigerator, the effective space of the refrigerator can be maximized, and the deodorizing effect by the decomposition reaction has a distinct advantage of being applied to various materials.
이하에 실시예를 들어 설명한다.An example is given and described below.
[실시예 1]Example 1
본 발명에 사용되는 백금성분으로 Pt(NH3)4Cl2(알드리치사제; 99.999%) 0.856g, RhCl3(알드리치사제) 1.017g, CeO2(알드리치사제; 99.8%) 2g, 실리카(Stream Chamical Co; 표면적 130m2/g) 97g을 증류수에 넣어 진공회전증발기에서 60℃로 가열증발 건조시킨후 773K에서 5시간 공기를 통과시켜 소성한다. 소성후 3K/min으로 298K에서 673K까지 올려 673K에서 1시간 유지시키며 수소를 통과시켜 백금, 로듐을 환원시켜 촉매를 제조 준비한다. 이때 백금, 로듐, CeO2의 담지량은 각각 0.5중량%, 0.5중량%, 2.0중량%이다. 준비한 촉매를 냉장고의 성에제거 히터블록에 장치하고 일정시간 마다 히터가 작동되도록 한후 일정량의 머캅탄(CH3SH) 냄새성분을 냉장고내에 발생시켜 경과시간에 따른 냄새존재량%을 측정하여 그 결과를 표 1에 나타내었다.As a platinum component used in the present invention, Pt (NH 3 ) 4 Cl 2 (manufactured by Aldrich; 99.999%) 0.856g, RhCl 3 (manufactured by Aldrich) 1.017g, CeO 2 (manufactured by Aldrich; 99.8%) 2g, silica (Stream Chamical) Co; surface area 130m 2 / g) 97g was put in distilled water and heated by evaporation to dry at 60 ℃ in a vacuum rotary evaporator and calcined by passing air at 773K for 5 hours. After firing, 298K to 673K at 3K / min is maintained at 673K for 1 hour and hydrogen is passed through to reduce platinum and rhodium to prepare a catalyst. At this time, the supporting amount of platinum, rhodium, and CeO 2 is 0.5% by weight, 0.5% by weight, and 2.0% by weight, respectively. The prepared catalyst is placed in the defrosting heater block of the refrigerator, and the heater is operated every predetermined time, and then a certain amount of mercaptan (CH 3 SH) odor component is generated in the refrigerator to measure the percentage of odor existing according to elapsed time. Table 1 shows.
[비교예 1]Comparative Example 1
탈취제 없이 냉장고내에서 실시예 1과 같은 방법으로 경과시간에 따른 냄새잔존량을 측정하여 표 1에 나타내었다.In the same manner as in Example 1 in the refrigerator without a deodorant to measure the odor remaining according to the elapsed time is shown in Table 1.
[비교예 2]Comparative Example 2
시판중에 있는 종래의 이산화염소 탈취제를 선정하여 냉장고에 설치하고 실시예 1과 같은 방법으로 경시에 따른 냄새잔존량을 측정하여 표 1에 나타내었다.A commercially available conventional chlorine dioxide deodorant was selected, installed in a refrigerator, and the odor remaining amount was measured in the same manner as in Example 1, and is shown in Table 1 below.
[비교예 3]Comparative Example 3
광탈취제를 냉장고에 설치하고 실시예 1과 같은 방법으로 경과시간에 따른 냄새잔존량을 측정하여 표 1에 나타내었다.The photo deodorant was installed in the refrigerator, and the amount of residual odor was measured in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 1.
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