KR0151928B1 - Method for treating organic waste water or excretions - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is an improved method of the first aerobic digestion-secondary activated sludge method used for manure and organic wastewater treatment. Selective cultivation and sporulation of Bacillus bacterium improves sedimentation as well as sedimentation of the sludge as well as digestion tanks. In addition, it is strong in load change or external condition change of organic matter, which is relatively changeable in aeration tank, and it is useful for removing odor.It is less sludge generation and good dehydration efficiency. In addition, the monitoring image system is installed to accurately identify the microorganisms in the tank, and the physicochemical operation and the control of biological influence factors, that is, the treatment methods are optimized. In particular, the treatment method using this process is simple in operation. Organic removal efficiency is superior to the existing treatment method, and the secondary treatment And cost-effective high processing method of high-concentration organic waste water to be normally required number of dilution of 20 times at a constant that can be reduced to three times, it is possible in addition to the manure application also industrial waste, municipal sewage, livestock waste water and living waste water or the like.

Description

Method for treating organic waste-water or excretions

1 is a process diagram of the present invention.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: raw water 2: feeding tank

3: Return to digester sludge input tank 4: Outflow water from input tank

5: pretreatment facility 6: pretreatment facility runoff

7: odor gas in feed tank 8: odor gas in pretreatment facility

9: storage tank odor gas 10: compressor

11: storage tank 12: storage tank effluent

13: digestion tank, primary cargo tank and secondary precipitation tank mixed conveying sludge

14 high concentration odor gas 15 aerobic digester

16: fire hydrant tank 1 17 fire hydrant tank 2

18: 3rd digester room 19: 4th digester room

20: digester sludge transport room 21: digester aeration device

22: digestion tank sludge transport 23: digestion tank effluent

24: 1st settling tank 25: 1st settling tank sludge return

26: Returned to the sludge digester before the first load

27: 1st sedimentation tank effluent 28: 2nd sedimentation tank sludge returned to aeration tank

29: dilution water 30: dilution tank

31: Aeration tank inflow 32: Digestion microorganism observation

33: Imaging system 34: Aeration seasoned observation

35: aeration tank 36: aeration tank aeration device

37: Aeration tank outflow 38: Secondary precipitation tank

39: 1st precipitation precipitating sludge 40: 2nd precipitation precipitating excess sludge

41: thickening tank 42: concentrated sludge

43: sludge storage tank 44: second sedimentation tank effluent

45: advanced treatment facility 46: advanced treatment facility effluent

47: dehydrator oil sludge 48: dehydrator

49: Sludge Dewatering Cake

This description is an improvement of the first aerobic digestion-secondary activated sludge method used for manure and organic wastewater treatment. Selective cultivation and sporulation of Bacillus bacteria not only improves the sedimentation of the spores but also the sedimentation of the sludge. In addition, it is strong in load change or external condition change of organic matter, which is relatively changeable in aeration tank, and it is useful for removing odor.It is less sludge generation and good dehydration efficiency. In addition, the monitoring imaging system is installed to accurately identify the microorganisms in the tank, and this method is a method of optimizing the treatment conditions, that is, physicochemical operation and control of biological influence factors. In particular, the treatment method using this process is simple in operation and the removal efficiency of organic matter is superior to that of the existing treatment method, and economical high concentration organic acid can reduce the amount of dilution of about 20 times that of the conventional secondary treatment process by three times. It is an advanced treatment method of wastewater, and is applicable to industrial wastewater, urban sewage, livestock wastewater and domestic wastewater in addition to manure.

Currently, the manure treatment process consists of five basic processes: pretreatment, primary treatment, secondary treatment, disinfection, and sludge treatment. In the process, high concentrations of organic matter are oxidized and decomposed in a digestion tank in a diluent state, and then treated with dilution water in a secondary treatment process and finally discharged after disinfection treatment. In addition, the sludge generated in the first and second treatment processes are treated in the sludge treatment process and finally disposed of by landfill and incineration. Among these five basic processes, pretreatment, disinfection, and sludge treatment processes are similar in most treatment plants, and the fairness of manure treatment is classified according to the selection of primary and secondary treatment processes. In other words, the overall process that is actually applied is determined according to the characteristics of the individual processes of the primary and secondary treatment processes or an appropriate combination of the primary and secondary processes. In general, aerobic digestion and anaerobic digestion are mainly used for the primary treatment process. Aerobic digestion is applied when the capacity of the treatment facility is relatively small, but anaerobic digestion is applied when the capacity is large, but there are many examples of aerobic digestion. Therefore, the typical treatment process applied to the 1st and 2nd treatment process of manure treatment can be regarded as the first aerobic digestion process and the 2nd activated sludge process, and about 80% of the manure treatment plants currently operated in Korea are this process.

The process combining the aerobic digestion process and the activated sludge process as the 1st and 2nd treatment process is currently recognized as the most recommended process among the existing applicable processes, but this process also has many problems. That is, the aerobic digestion process has a large amount of sludge and dehydration of sludge has a problem in the sludge treatment process, and deodorization facilities are required to solve the odor problems generated and excessive maintenance costs are required. Subsequent activated sludge process must first dilute the digested effluent with excess dilution to meet the operating conditions of the process and treat it at low concentrations. As a result, the capacity of the aeration tank and sedimentation tank is increased, resulting in excessive facility investment and maintenance costs. It is an increase factor. In addition, the operation of this treatment process, which is a linking process of representative biochemical treatment methods, requires highly specialized knowledge and operation skills, but it is subject to various changes due to various limitations in operating normally with such manpower in the actual treatment plant. It is a reality that a lot of problems come out. This problem is caused by the process design itself focusing on process theory rather than effective operation, and predominantly activating sludge microorganisms sensitive to changes in the situation.

Therefore, in the present invention, while addressing these problems in the manure treatment method combined with the aerobic digestion process-activated sludge process, a new treatment method can be developed to treat the discharge of manure to BOD 10ppm or less. In other words, operation method and device that can operate this process successfully by using new process and image system that can excellently process organic matter, completely remove odor and reduce sludge generation in aerobic digestion process and activated sludge whole process. And a connection method.

The main contents of the present invention are as follows.

First, the dominant culture of Bacillus bacteria: Bacillus bacteria, which are the target microorganisms of this process, are Gram-positive bacteria that can form spores in the form of a simple bacilli and can form spores in an adverse environment. Until now, the Bacillus bacterium, which is known to have a disadvantage of having a large swelling phenomenon that does not settle in the general treatment plant, has been avoided in the general treatment plant, but in the present invention, it becomes possible to settle by sporeing the bacterium through the dominant process and the sedimentation degree of the sludge. In view of the improvement, the advantage can be said to be the most important technical matter in the present invention. In other words, when filamentous fungi grow rapidly while filamentous fungi form filamentous filaments, the result is a lack of nutrients.Increasing the amount of the filament by increasing the return cost, the individual filamentous filamentous cells become more severely undernourished. When this reaches the limit, spores form, the filamentous body disintegrates, and the number of cells including the spores increases. When spores formed are germinated under the supply of nutrients and grow into new cells, exponential growth of cells is possible. In the present invention, since silicon is required as a constituent of spores when forming spores, a silicon-containing material capable of supplying silicon and a magnesium-containing material for promoting cell growth and inducing spores of cells are supplied to the digester. As a first method for culturing the bacteria, the digester is divided into four chambers, and a part of the final chamber is shielded and used as a simple settling chamber, whereby the sludge can be returned. The operation method of the digester can be expressed by the differential aeration. In other words, the first chamber is aerated with about 70% of the total amount of aeration of the digester, and the three tanks are aerated by dividing each by 10% with the remaining 30% of air. Therefore, the amount of dissolved oxygen can maintain only a certain concentration of Article 1 and the remaining three tanks are only dissolved oxygen in a very low state. In other words, under these conditions, normal aerobic bacteria are difficult to grow normally, and instead, coliform bacteria, which can grow well under low oxygen concentration, grow. The second method is to increase the sludge recycle rate. In the general aerobic digestion process, the recycle rate of sludge from the primary sedimentation tank is usually maintained at about 20 to 40%. However, in the present invention, the sludge of the final chamber of the digester is recycled by 300% and additionally returned 100% from the next primary sedimentation tank. It is operated at a return rate of about 700% by recirculating three times the inflow from the secondary sedimentation tank of the activated sludge process, which is a secondary treatment step. This method is also a method of selecting and cultivating strains that can grow with endurance under such circumstances while increasing the retention time of microorganisms. Thirdly, unlike the existing aeration tank that evenly aerators the whole, a tapered aeration method is used to reduce the amount of aeration while moving from the aeration tank inflow point to the outflow point. The choice of this method removes untreated nitrogen from the aerobic digester as well as the culture of Bacillus.

Second, microorganism control using image system: Connects aerobic digestion tank and aeration tank to imaging system including microscope, camera, video set, etc. to identify species and status of microorganism and adjust aeration amount, nutrient injection, and return cost accordingly By doing so, it is possible to drive a flexible processing plant. In the general treatment plant, DO, ORP, etc., which can be mechanically operated, are used as auxiliary means.

Third, removal of odorous substances in aerobic digestion tanks: The methods commonly used to remove odorous substances in a manure treatment plant are incineration in case of high concentration odor or cleaning with chemicals, adsorption and removal with activated charcoal; Also adsorbed on activated carbon or discharged as it is.

In addition, soil deodorization or biofiltration may be used. Odor problems in manure treatment plants are always regarded as the most difficult problem in the operation of the treatment plant, and this problem is regarded as a evacuation facility for local residents and treatment workers because the manure treatment plant is regarded as a hate facility. It is also the biggest reason that has been. In the present invention, the odor problem is almost completely solved by absorbing the strong odor generated in the input tank, the storage tank, the pretreatment, and the like by inputting it into the first aerobic digestion chamber. That is, the unique manure odorous substances including ammonia and hydrogen sulfide are dissolved in the digestion tank and decomposed and removed by causing the Bacillus bacteria which are predominantly cultured in the digestion tank to metabolize these odorous substances. Compared to the installation of incinerators, washing towers and adsorption towers for incineration of odorous substances in existing treatment plants and operating these facilities, it is possible to dramatically reduce costs in terms of installation costs as well as operation costs.

Referring to the present invention in detail according to the process diagram of Figure 1 as follows. The manure and purification sludge 1 introduced into the input tank 2 from the collection vehicle flows into the storage tank 11 through a pretreatment facility 5 such as a crusher and a debris removing device. A certain amount of manure flows from the storage tank 11 into the first chamber 16 of the aerobic digestion tank 15 where oxidative decomposition occurs while the organic matter in the manure comes into contact with Bacillus bacteria cultured at a high concentration. Continued, leading to 2 rooms 17, 3 rooms 18 and 4 rooms 19. Unlike the conventional equalization aeration method, the aeration method in the digester 15 concentrates the first chamber 16 at about 70% of the total air volume and divides the rest evenly into the respective rooms 17, 18, and 19 by the first aeration method. As the concentration of dissolved oxygen decreases as the chamber 16 proceeds to the final chamber 19, the overall aerobic state is maintained.

Under these conditions, growth of aerobic bacteria mainly used in existing processes is suppressed, and Bacillus bacteria having a high resistance are dominantly cultured, and the amount of air required for the aerobic digestion tank 15 is reduced, thereby reducing energy costs. The silicon compound and the magnesium compound are administered to the first vagina (16) of the digester for rapid growth of the Bacillus bacteria cultured once.

The outflow water 23 of the digester final chamber 19 flows into the primary settling tank 27, and after the solid-liquid separation by gravity occurs, the supernatant water 27 is diluted with the dilution water 29 and the aeration tank 35 of the activated sludge process. Flows into). At this time, since the dilution rate is enough to remove the organic matter in the digester (15) is operated to about three times smaller than the existing 20 times.

The sludge of the secondary sedimentation tank 38 is conveyed 26 times to the digestion tank 15 with respect to the inflow flow rate 26, and the conveyance to the aeration tank 35 is also conveyed about 6 times, so when the dilution water 29 is used twice, the aeration tank 35 ), The flow rate of the inlet 31 is 12 times in total, and when the same aeration tank 35 is used, it is possible to increase the hydraulic retention time in the aeration tank by 1.7 times, which is the residual organic matter of the primary sedimentation tank effluent 27. It is possible to operate the denitrification tank as well as complete removal. Therefore, in the present invention, in order to dominate the Bacillus bacteria in the whole system as well as to reduce the denitrification to the aeration tank 35 by using a tapered aeration method in the first half of the aeration tank 35 in the removal of organic matter and nitric oxide, in the late denitrification bacteria Induced denitrification. Next, the aeration tank effluent 37 flows into the secondary settling tank 38 and is settled by gravity, and the supernatant water 37 is finally discharged through the advanced treatment facility 45 when necessary.

One of the main features of the present invention is a method of conveying sludge for dominant culture of effective Bacillus bacteria. The return of the existing digester sludge was only 30% from the digester final chamber, but in the present invention, 300% (22) from the digester sludge transport chamber 20, 100% (25) from the primary settling tank 24, aeration tank (35) 300% (26) is returned from the secondary sedimentation tank (38), and the conveyed amount which flows into the digestion tank 1st chamber 16 becomes about 700% (13). Of course, this bounce rate may vary slightly depending on the situation. In addition, part of the sludge of the digester sludge conveyance chamber 20 is conveyed (3) to the input tank (2) to the growth of Bacillus bacteria and removal of odorous substances from the input tank (2).

The excess sludge 40 of the secondary sedimentation battery 38 that is not conveyed is adjusted in the sludge storage tank 43 together with the surplus sludge 39 of the primary sedimentation tank 24 which is not conveyed through the sludge thickening tank, and then dehydrator is fixed by a certain amount ( In 48) and finally disposed of.

The sludge generated in the present invention is excellent in dehydration because Bacillus bacteria predominantly do not need a drug during dehydration, and dehydrated sludge cake 49 is a good raw material for composting. Manure treatment plants are affected by a number of influence factors and these factors are quantified and quantified to meet the physicochemical conditions for the operation of the treatment plant. Uneasy. All of these efforts in biological treatments can eventually be seen to ensure that the optimal biotope for the most efficient treatments is taken to remove contaminants in their best condition. In the existing treatment plant, the interest in such a biota is only to have a microscope for protozoa observation in the laboratory and to check the existence of the occasional existence. Therefore, the present invention is equipped with a state-of-the-art imaging system 33 and the system 33 is connected to the digester 15 and the aeration tank 36 in which microorganisms are active (32, 34) to monitor microorganisms such as bacteria and protozoa through a monitor. While confirming, the state of the digester 15 and the aeration tank 35 is grasped, and the operation control system of the scientific and practical treatment plant which uses this result for the adjustment of various influence factors is provided.

The odor problem of the treatment plant is to absorb (7, 8, 9) the strong odors of the input tank (2), the pretreatment facility (5), and the storage tank (11) which have the strongest odor, and absorb them into the first chamber (16) 14), the microorganisms of the digester 15 were decomposed and removed. Digestion tank 15, aeration tank 35, sludge storage tank 43, dehydrator 48 and other low and low concentrations of odor in other places can be sucked if necessary and adsorbed with activated carbon through a washing tower to completely solve the odor problem. If only the strong odor is removed in the manure treatment plant, such low and low concentration odor is not a problem, so the facility cost and maintenance cost can be reduced by omitting the facility for low and low concentration.

EXAMPLE

As an example, a treatment plant that processes 36kl of manure per day using the process diagram of FIG.

The characteristics of the added manure are shown in Table 1.

The manure in the storage tank of Table 1 is treated in the first aerobic digestion process and the second activated sludge process and finally discharged through the second advanced treatment process. The operating conditions of aerobic digestion tank and aeration tank in the 1st and 2nd treatment process are shown in Table 2.

The aerobic digestion tank used in the example was four-room type and 300% from the fourth chamber, 100% from the first settling tank, and 300% from the second settling tank of the aeration tank in order to maintain a high concentration of MLSS in each chamber. A total of 700% of sludge is returned to the first chamber of the digester. In addition, a small amount (4m) from the fourth chamber of the digester / day) sludge is returned to the input tank to create a living environment for Bacillus bacteria, which are the dominant microorganisms, from the initial stages of the process, and silicon compounds and magnesium compounds each day to promote the cultivation of Bacillus bacteria in the first chamber of the digestion tank. 10 kg and 3 kg are administered. Significant increase in the return rate is aimed at increasing the survival competitiveness against Bacillus bacteria with differential aeration in the digester.

The effluent treated in the digester and the aeration tank is solid-liquid separated in the secondary sedimentation tank, and the supernatant is finally discharged through a high-treatment process that can process phosphorus light at a lower concentration.

Table 3 shows the treatment efficiency in each process.

As shown in Table 3, since most of the BOD substances in the introduced raw water are removed in the aerobic digester, the COD substances, nitrogen, and phosphorus may be removed during the secondary and tertiary treatment. Therefore, as in the conventional process, since a large amount of dilution water is not required to control the operating conditions of the activated sludge process, only dilution water twice the flow rate is used. However, the flow rate into the aeration tank is about 12 times compared to the flow rate due to the amount of conveyance to the digester and the amount of conveyance to the aeration tank itself.

In this embodiment, the amount of aeration for dissolved oxygen is in the first chamber of the aerobic digestion tank. 5.6m per / hr, 1.07m for rooms 2-4 / hr, aeration tank 0.57m The amount of aeration is controlled by the observation based on / hr or by microbial observation through the imaging system, and the sludge conveyance is also operated flexibly. In other words, the imaging system equipped with microscope, camera and video set is connected to one chamber, four chambers and aeration tanks with an aerobic tank to observe the microbial state, and the results are used for operation and determination of various influence factors.

The high concentration odor generated from the input tank, storage tank and pretreatment is introduced into the aerobic tank to allow Bacillus bacteria to decompose. Low concentration odor generated in other input room, pretreatment room, etc. is removed from alkaline washing tower and discharged. Using this deodorization method, the odor of HS 530ppm, NH16ppm, CHSH 8ppm can be treated almost odorless (about 10ppm HS only). In general, incineration is used to remove high concentration odors, but operating costs are high and incineration can cause other pollutants such as air pollution.

The embodiment of the present invention is summarized in comparison with the existing similar process as shown in Table 4.

Claims (6)

In the first aerobic digestion process using the input tank, storage tank, aerobic digestion tank and the primary sedimentation tank, aeration tank and secondary sedimentation tank in the first aerobic digestion process-secondary activated sludge process, in the first aerobic digestion process Adding a silicon compound and a magnesium compound, which are culture promoters of Bacillus, into an aerobic digestion tank; Treating the organic wastewater by carrying out dominant culture of Bacillus bacteria through the process of filamentous homogenization, sporulation, and germination by conveying the self sludge and the sludges of the primary and secondary precipitation tanks to the aerobic digestion tank; In the second activated sludge process, the organic wastewater and the nitrogen that have not been treated in the organic wastewater treatment step are highly processed, and the odorous substance is monitored while monitoring the microorganisms of the bacillus bacterium homogenization, spore-germination process using an imaging system. A method of treating manure and organic wastewater comprising the step of removing the aerobic digestion tank. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the organic wastewater treatment step, the return 22 of the sludge is 200 to 400% of the treated flow rate, and the return 25 of the first settling tank sludge is 80 to 120% of the treated flow rate and 2 The method of treating manure and organic wastewater, characterized in that the return of the primary sedimentation tank sludge (26) to 200 to 400% of the treated flow rate, and the return of the digested sludge to an input tank or storage tank of 1 to 3% of the treated flow rate. The aerobic digestion process according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first aerobic digestion process comprises the steps of intensive aeration in the first chamber 16 of the aerobic digestion tank 15 at 60 to 80% of the total amount of digestion tanks: The aerobic digestion tank 15, further comprising the step of equally a small amount of each room in the second chamber 17, the third chamber 18, the fourth chamber 19 of the 15 to the remaining 20-40%. According to the difference of dissolved oxygen amount, the aerobic digestion tank 15 becomes in an anaerobic and unexpiratory state or in a state of breathing, and progresses from the first half to the second half of the aeration tank 35 to gradually attenuate and maintain by activating the Bacillus bacteria to remove organic matter and denitrification. Method of treating manure and organic wastewater, characterized in that. The microorganisms in the aerobic digestion tank (15) and the aeration tank (35) are observed with an image system (33) equipped with a microscopic name, a camera, a video set, and the like. Method for treating manure and organic wastewater, characterized in that it is reflected in the dominant culture and system operation and determination of the influence factors. The method of claim 1, wherein the odorous substances are collected from the input tank (2), the pretreatment facility (5) and the storage tank (11) and introduced into the aerobicization tank (15) or the aeration tank (35) where Bacillus bacteria are predominant to remove odors. Method for treating manure and organic wastewater, characterized in that. The process of claim 1, wherein the inflow water flows through the aerobic digestion tank (15) to the aeration tank (35), and the distilled water of the aerobic digestion tank (15) is introduced into the aeration tank only by 2 to 4 times the treatment flow rate. Treatment method of manure and organic wastewater.