KR0150707B1 - Electronic cyclone dust-collecting apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a battery cyclone dust collector for removing dust contained in exhaust gas discharged from a boiler or an incinerator. Particularly, the present invention relates to a cyclone dust collector, in which cyclone is collected by increasing the force of particles from the swirl flow due to electrostatic force. In addition to increasing the efficiency, the precharger precharges the particles in the precharger before they enter the cyclone, allowing the charged particles to flow into the cyclone, thereby increasing the force deviating from the swirl flow and increasing the dust collection efficiency. It relates to an electric cyclone dust collector configured to be. A pedestal 6, which is an insulating material, is fixed to the upper end of the outlet pipe 3, and a fixing body 7 made of an insulating material is fixed on the pedestal 6, and inserted into the center hole 7a of the fixing body 7. , The upper spiral portion 4a to which the high voltage line 9 of the (-) pole of the upper support rod 4 which is fixed is screwed, and is fixed to the bottom surface of the hopper 1c of the cyclone 1. The spiral portion 10a of the lower end of the lower support rod 10, which is an insulating material, is screwed to the ball 1c ', and the upper and lower ends of the discharge electrode 2 positioned at the center of the cyclone 1 are upper and lower support rods. (4) a unit type internal charging device (A), each coupled to (10); Each of the ground plates 12 of aluminum material having an appropriate thickness is arranged and fixed at regular intervals between the two support plates 13, and the four channels 14 are formed between the two support plates 13 made of an insulating material. It is characterized in that the unit type single charge device (C) is constituted by the unit type single stage precharge device (B ′), in which the discharge electrodes 11 connected to each other are fixed and installed at the center of each channel 14. .

Description

Electric cyclone dust collector

1 is a schematic explanatory diagram of a dust removal system for implementing the electric cyclone dust collector of the present invention,

2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the unit type internal charging device in which the discharge electrode of the electric cyclone dust collector of the present invention is fixed to the upper and lower parts thereof,

Figure 3 (a) is a front view of the preliminary charging device once installed in the duct of the closest portion to the inlet of the cyclone of the electric cyclone dust collector of the present invention, (b) is the side view,

4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a unit type internal charging device in a state where a discharge electrode support bar is fixed inside an outlet pipe as another embodiment of the unit type internal charging device of the present invention;

(A) of FIG. 5 is a front view of the two-stage precharge device installed in the duct closest to the inlet of the cyclone as another embodiment of the unit type precharge device of the present invention, and (b) is the same side view.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

A: Unit type internal charge device B: Unit type precharge device

C: unit type composite charging device 1: cyclone

2: discharge electrode 3,3 ': outlet pipe

4: upper support rod 6: pedestal

6a: center hole 7: fixture

7a: fixing hole 10: lower support rod

13: support plate 14: channel

15: upper support 16: lower support

21: cap

[Field of Invention]

The present invention relates to an electric cyclone dust collector for removing dust contained in exhaust gas discharged from a boiler or an incinerator. Particularly, the dust is collected by increasing the force of the particles from the swirl flow by the electrostatic force inside the cyclone. In addition to increasing the efficiency, the pre-charger precharges the particles in the precharger before they enter the cyclone, allowing the charged particles to flow into the cyclone, thereby increasing the force deviating from the swirl flow and increasing the dust collection efficiency. It relates to an electric cyclone dust collector configured to be.

[Background of invention]

Recently, the sharpened environmental pollution problem is very serious due to the increase of energy use and various industrial activities, and it has emerged as a very important task that must be urgently dealt with domestically or internationally, and the air pollution problem has severely affected public health. to be.

In general, among the air pollution control devices, dust collectors include gravity dust collector, inertial dust collector, centrifugal dust collector, cleaning dust collector, filter dust collector and neutral multi-cyclone dust collector depending on the action force used for dust collection. Each device has its advantages and disadvantages. In particular, the neutral multi-cyclone dust collector utilizes the principle of cyclone to remove particles from the air stream and settle them by centrifugal force caused by the swirling flow of incoming gas. Since centrifugal force by inertial force is used to collect the dust contained in it, it is generally used to collect the particle | grains 5 micrometers or more in diameter. However, as the discharge limit of the heat supply facility boiler currently used in the industrial field is 60 ~ 100mg / s㎥, which is more than doubled compared to the previous standard, the conventional neutrality that meets the conventional discharge limit of the boiler for the heat supply facility is met. Replacement and modification of multi-cyclone dust collectors is an important task.

[Purpose of invention]

The present invention has been made to solve the problems of the conventional multi-cyclone dust collector, and an object thereof is to provide an electric cyclone dust collector that can significantly increase the dust collection efficiency by using a corona discharge.

[Summary of invention]

The electric cyclone dust collector of the present invention installs an internal lower electrode at the center of the cyclone, and then supplies electrostatic force to the center of the cyclone to charge the particles to increase the force of the particles leaving the swirl flow so that the dust collection efficiency is greatly increased. Unit type internal charge device; In addition, by installing a unit type precharge device in the duct (5) closest to the inlet of the cyclone, the particles are charged before entering the cyclone, and the charged particles flow into the cyclone and are separated from the swirl flow. To install the unit type precharge device in parallel; The unit type internal charge device or the unit type precharge device may be installed and used alone to obtain a high efficiency dust collection efficiency.

[Description of Specific Embodiment of the Invention]

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Electric cyclone dust collector of the present invention is a unit type internal charge device (A) of the method of fixing the upper and lower portions of the discharge electrode or the discharge electrode inside the outlet pipe as shown in FIGS. And a unit type composite charging device (C) in which a single type preliminary charging device or a unit type preliminary charging device (B) of a two-stage preloading system is installed in parallel.

In the unit type internal charging device (A), the discharge electrode (2) is installed at the center of the cyclone (1) so that the discharge electrode (2) is not shaken, and then the electrostatic force is supplied to the center of the cyclone to remove the particles introduced from the swirl flow In order to increase the dust collection efficiency by increasing the force, the outlet pipe (3) is installed in the upper portion of the cyclone body (1) consisting of a cylindrical portion (1a), a cone portion (1b) and a hopper (1c) have.

In order to insulate the upper part of the upper support rod 4 made of stainless material coupled with the discharge electrode 2 from the duct 5, a pedestal 6, which is an insulating material, is fixed to the upper end of the outlet pipe 3, and the pedestal 6 A fixed annular recess 6a 'is formed at an upper side of the center hole 6a formed in the lower end of the fixed member 7 made of an insulating material in the fixed annular recess 6a'. The upper support rod 4 is inserted and fixed in the fixing hole 7a formed at the center of the upper portion 7, and the spiral portion 4a formed at the upper end of the upper support rod 4 is coupled with the nut 8 ( The high voltage line (9) of the pole is connected.

Both ends of the support 22, which is an insulating material, are fixed to the lower wall inside the cone 1b of the cyclone 1 by the fixing bolts 17, and in the fixing hole 22 'formed at the center of the support 22. The spiral part 10a of the lower end of the lower support rod 10 which is an insulating material is inserted and fixed. The discharge electrode 2 of the cyclone 1 is made of wire and wire having a diameter of 3 mm, the discharge electrode 2 is located at the center of the cyclone 1, and the upper part of the discharge electrode 2 is the cyclone 1. The flame discharge does not occur at a certain distance from the outlet pipe 3 inside, and the lower part of the discharge electrode 2 maintains a stable voltage supply and a stable current from the cone portion 1b of the cyclone 1. To keep the maximum possible distance so that no spark discharge occurs, the upper end of the spiral portion of the discharge electrode (2) is coupled to the spiral groove (4b) of the upper support bar (4), the spiral of the discharge electrode (2) The lower end of the portion is coupled to the spiral groove 10b of the lower support rod 10.

The precharge device B, which is installed at the duct 5 closest to the inlet of the cyclone 1, has a discharge electrode 11 made of a wire and a ground plate to form a strong electric field uniformly. Plates 12 arranged at equal intervals to generate corona at the discharge electrode 11 to generate ions, and each ground plate 12 of aluminum material having a thickness of 1 mm between both supporting plates 13 made of an insulating material. Four channels 14 are formed by being arranged and fixed at regular intervals between the two side support plates 13, and twelve discharge electrodes 11 are provided for each of three discharge electrodes 11 per channel 14.

The distance between the ground plate 12 and the discharge electrode 11 was 30 mm, the distance between the discharge electrode 11 and the discharge electrode 11 was 30 mm, and the discharge electrode 11 was made of SUS wire having a diameter of 1.5 mm. Corona is generated at to generate ions.

Another embodiment of the unit type internal charging device of the present invention as shown in Figure 4 is the discharge electrode (2) by the strong internal swirl flow to the upper and lower support (15, 16) is an insulating material inside the outlet pipe (3 ') As a method of fixing so as not to shake, both sides of the guide blade surface (3a) is fixed to the upper inner circumferential surface of the cyclone (1) and the lower outer circumferential surface of the outlet pipe (3), the upper and lower sides of the inside of the outlet pipe (3) The upper support 15 and the lower support 16 are coupled to the wall (3b) of the outlet pipe (3) so as to be intersected with each other by fixing bolts (17). Fixing holes 15a and 16a are formed at the centers of the upper and lower supporters 15 and 16, respectively, and the discharge electrode support rods 18 are fixed to the fixing holes 15a and the upper and lower supporters 15 and 16, respectively. 16a) is fixed in a state of being in close contact, and a rectangular rod-shaped discharge electrode 19 that is strongly corona generation and an electric field is attached to the hole 18b at the lower end of the support rod 18, and the upper end of the support rod 18 The pores 18a are formed in the center, and the caps 21 are coupled in the state in which the ends of the high-voltage cable 20 serving as the negative electrode are inserted into the pores 18a. The discharge electrode 19 has a uniform distance between the discharge electrode 19 and the cyclone body 1, which is a ground electrode, so that the intensity of the electric field is uniformly formed in the cyclone body 1 '.

In addition, another embodiment of the unit type precharge device of the present invention constitutes a two-stage precharge device 22 in which the precharge device B is connected in series as shown in FIG. In each of the two channels 14 formed, twelve discharge electrodes 11 are provided for each of three discharge electrodes 11 per channel 14. The two-stage precharge device 22 reduces the cross-sectional area of the gas passage of the channel 14 to about 1/2 of the cross-sectional area of the gas passage of the duct 5 in order to minimize the amount of dust attached to the ground plate 12. It is supposed to pass through the channels 14 of the two-stage precharge device 22 at twice the flow rate of the gas passage through the duct 5.

The electric cyclone dust collector of the present invention configured as described above removes dust in the exhaust gas as follows.

The present invention is to increase the cyclone dust collection efficiency by grafting the electric field to the existing cyclone (using corona discharge), Figure 1 is an experimental apparatus for implementing the electric cyclone dust collector of the present invention As a schematic diagram, the electric cyclone (1), the hot gas supply system (E), the dust generation and supply device (D), the suction fan (G) for supplying the experimental flow, the flow control device (H), the high voltage generator (I) Other measuring systems (J).

Dust generation and supply device (D) is a device that can distribute and supply powder particles in the airflow. As experimental dust, general industrial B / L soot and fly ash were used. About 200,000 pieces / liter per minute was set.

The actual dust is known to vary greatly in the number of dust distribution and particle size supplied by the external humidity.In order to minimize the experimental error caused by this difference, the experimental dust is dried at 100 ° C for more than 12 hours to achieve uniform conditions. After adjusting to the test dust was used.

The high voltage generator (I) charges dust by ionizing the processing gas between the discharge electrode (2) installed at the center of the electric cyclone (1) and the dust collecting pole of the electric cyclone body (1 '), or the unitary precharge device. A device to ionize the process gas between the discharge electrode 11 and the ground plate 12 in Ess., The maximum voltage required for the electric cyclone experiment was 50Kv, the high voltage generator (I) is a constant voltage, constant current control as the volume control It is designed to be operated continuously from 0Kv to 100Kv and from 0mA to 10mA.

Therefore, when the electric cyclone dust collecting experiment apparatus is operated by operating the respective switches, the hot gas generated in the hot gas supply system E is moved through the duct 5 and at the same time the particle generation supply apparatus D As the supplied particles are introduced into the hot gas, the hot gas including the particles is introduced into the precharge device B, and once the discharge electrode is arranged and fixed to the center of each channel 14 of the precharge device B ( 11) the particles are charged with ions by the strongly formed electric field, and when the charged particles continue to move and enter the cyclone 1 through the inlet of the cyclone 1, the gas flows in a swirl flow. While descending along the inner wall of the cyclone body (1 '). At this time, the inner space of the cyclone 1 is filled with negative ions by the corona generated from the discharge electrode 2 installed in the center, and the fine dust is lowered by the electrostatic action, thereby reducing the cyclone 1 by its own weight. Gathered into the hopper (1c) of the discharge. In the present invention, instead of the upper and lower fixing devices of the discharge electrode 2 of the cyclone 1, the discharge pipe 3 internal discharge electrode 2 fixing device is used, or instead of the preliminary charging device B, the second stage precharge device F is used. In the same manner as above, a high dust collection efficiency can be obtained.

Meanwhile, in the present invention, even when only the unit type internal charging device (A) is installed alone or only the unit type preliminary charging device (B) is used alone, the dust collection efficiency of the unit type composite charging device (C) is close to that of the dust collector. High efficiency dust collection efficiency can be obtained.

Therefore, the electric cyclone dust collector of the present invention is installed in parallel with the unit type precharge device (B) and the unit type internal charge device to the exhaust duct of the boiler or incinerator in the industrial field and install the high voltage generator (I) It is possible to obtain high efficiency of dust collection efficiency by using only the unit type precharge device (B) or the unit type internal charge device alone, and in particular, fine particles are collected very effectively.

As a result of the experiments, the factors affecting the voltage-current relationship in which corona is generated in the electrical cyclone are the shape of the discharge electrodes 2, 11, 19, and the discharge electrodes 2, 11, 19. Dust characteristics such as the distance between the ground electrode and the ground electrode, the composition of the processing gas, the temperature and pressure, the thickness of the dust layer attached to the discharge electrode 2 and the dust collecting electrode, the electrical resistance of the dust in the processing gas, the dielectric constant, and the electron affinity. The main factors are gas composition, temperature and flow rate, discharge electrodes (2) (11) (19) and ground plate (12).

In general, there was an increase in current as the flow rate increased at the same applied voltage. The temperature of the process gas changes the density of the gas and the progress of the electrons. As the gas temperature increases, the density decreases and the dust mobility increases. The reason for this is that the smaller the gas density, the farther the electron moves before attaching to the gas, so the larger the moving speed of the electron appears at the higher speed of the current propagation. This is because the heat emission of the electrons is increased, the electron emission is increased by the collision of the cation and the electrons around the corona electrode is increased.

The dust collection efficiency was calculated by sampling three probes at the inlet and the outlet and averaging their values.

As a result of the above experiment of the electric cyclone, the following results were obtained.

1) In general cyclone dust collection, the application of electric corona significantly increased the dust collection efficiency, and showed a higher synergistic effect on fine particles. 9 m / s) showed a higher synergistic effect.

2) In the comparison of the charging characteristics, the internal charging method showed a much higher dust collection efficiency than the precharge method, and the combined efficiency of the two was the highest.

In the area of this experiment, the internal charging method and the complex charging method showed an average of 40% or more of the dust collection efficiency compared to the case of no voltage supply, and the flow rate was more than 30% and the flow rate was 15m / s. In this case, there was an increase in dust collection efficiency of more than 20%.

3) In the case of the body diameter of 500mm, in the comparison of the overall dust collection efficiency, when no voltage was supplied, the overall dust collection efficiency was less than 50% when the inflow velocity was 6, 9m / s, and 56% and 15m / s at 12m / s. The dust collection efficiency increased with the increase of the flow rate of about 67%. When the precharge method was applied, the overall collection efficiency was over 60% under all flow conditions, and the highest was 77% when the inflow flow rate was 15m / s. In addition, when the internal charging method is applied, the dust collection efficiency is very high (87% or more) at all flow rate conditions.

In the case of the complex charging method, the overall dust collection efficiency was over 90% at all flow rate conditions, and it was 3-6% higher than the dust collection efficiency when only the internal charging method was applied.

4) In the precharge device of this experiment, the cross-sectional flow velocity should be at least 24m / s, and the collection efficiency increased when the corona current was above 1.0mA.

5) As a result of the experiment of the two-stage precharge type electric cyclone, the overall dust collection efficiency was over 80% at the speed of 9m / s or more. In this case, the preliminary charge method alone has sufficient synergy effect. appear.

6) From the experiments of the electric cyclone, it was confirmed that the dust collection efficiency and the overall dust collection efficiency of the fine particles can be increased, and the stable dust collection effect with the small change of the dust collection efficiency due to the change of the flow rate (flow rate) by adjusting the applied voltage Confirmed that it can be obtained.

7) In the future, as the regulation of air pollution related to dust is tightened, and in particular, the emission regulations for fine particles are being tightened, the application of this cyclone dust collector will be expanded to small and medium boilers and incinerators. It is expected.

Claims (5)

The pedestal 6, which is an insulating material, is fixed to the upper end of the outlet pipe 3, and the fixing body 7, which is an insulating material, is fixed to the pedestal 6, and is inserted and fixed in the center hole 7a of the fixing body 7. The upper spiral portion 4a to which the high voltage line 9 of the (-) pole of the upper support rod 4 is connected is fixed, and both ends of the support 22 are fixed to the lower end wall inside the cone portion 1b of the cyclone 1. Is fixed and the spiral portion 10a at the lower end of the lower support rod 10, which is an insulating material, is fixed to the fixing hole 22 'of the support 22, and the top of the discharge electrode 2 located at the center of the cyclone 1, A ground plate 12 made of aluminum is arranged and fixed at regular intervals between the unit type internal charging device a and the lower side supporting plates 4 and 10 respectively coupled to the lower and upper supporting rods 4 and 10. Channels 14 are formed, and the current-type one-time precharge device B in which the mutually wired discharge electrodes 11 are fixedly installed at the center of each channel 14 is provided in parallel. Wihyeong composite electric charge cyclone collector, characterized in that configured in the device. The electric cyclone dust collector according to claim 1, wherein the unit type internal charging device (a) is installed and used alone. The electric cyclone dust collector of claim 1, wherein the unit type precharge device (b) is installed and used alone. According to claim 1, wherein the unit type internal charging device (a) crosses the upper support 15 and the lower support 16 to the upper and lower sides of the outlet pipe (3) installed in the upper portion in the cyclone (1) Both ends of the upper and lower supporters 15 and 16 are coupled to the wall 3b of the outlet pipe 3 so that the fixing holes 15a and 16a are formed at the center of the upper and lower supporters 15 and 16. The discharge electrode support rod 18 is inserted and fixed, and the discharge electrode 19 is coupled to the lower end of the discharge electrode support rod 18, and the high voltage line 20, which is a negative electrode, is connected to the upper end of the discharge electrode support rod 18. Electric cyclone dust collector. 5. An electric cyclone dust collector according to claim 4, wherein the half electrode (19) has a square bar.